Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
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Contents
Independent Auditor's report ................................................................................................................................................................
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity ......................................................................................................................................
Arion Bank in brief ................................................................................................................................................................................
Endorsement and statement by the Board of Directors and the CEO ....................................................................................................
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position .......................................................................................................................................
Consolidated Income Statement ...........................................................................................................................................................
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income .............................................................................................................................
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements ...................................................................................................................................
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ................................................................................................................................................
5-year overview ....................................................................................................................................................................................
Appendix (unaudited) ............................................................................................................................................................................
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Arion Bank
Highlights 2023
13.6%
Return on
equity
44.7%
Cost-to-
core
income
19.7%
CET1
ratio
Return on equity (%)
Net interest margin (%)
Cost-to-Core income ratio (%)
S&P
Long term: BBB
Short term: A-2
Outlook: Stable
CET1 ratio (%)
LCR ratio (%)
Total assets (ISK bn)
Loans to customers by sector (%)
Moody’s
Long term: A3
Covered bond: Aa2
Outlook: Stable
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
About Arion Bank
Operations during the year
Balance Sheet
Arion Bank's balance sheet grew by 4.1% from year-end 2022. Loans to customers increased by 6.3% from year-end, with an 8.2% increase in
corporate lending and 4.6% growth in loans to individuals, mainly mortgages. Deposits increased by 4.9%, primarily individuals and corporates.
Total equity amounted to ISK 199,301 million at the end of the year. The Group's capital ratio, as calculated under the Financial Undertakings
Act No. 161/2002, was 24.1% and the CET1 ratio was 19.7%, assuming around ISK 13 billion dividend payment. These ratios comfortably
exceed the requirements made by the FSA and Icelandic law. The liquidity position was also strong at year-end and well above the regulatory
minimum.
IFRS 17 Insurance contracts
The insurance subsidiary Vördur initially adopted IFRS 17 Insurance contracts on 1 January 2023. The impacts on the Group's Consolidated
Financial Statements are listed in Notes 1 and 2.
Volcanic activity in the vicinity of Grindavík
Following the events near Grindavík starting in November 2023, Arion Bank has offered to freeze the mortgages of its customers in Grindavík
and to waive interest and indexation on their loans until the end of April 2024. The Bank will continue to closely monitor developments in
Grindavík and do its utmost to support the local community. For futher information see disclosure in Note 44.
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
The Consolidated Financial Statements of Arion Bank for the year ended 31 December 2023 include the Consolidated Financial Statements of
Arion Bank ("the Bank") and its subsidiaries, together referred to as "the Group".
Income Statement
Net earnings amounted to ISK 25.7 billion, return on equity was 13.6% and earnings per share ISK 17.8. Core income, defined as net interest
income, net commission income and insurance service results (excluding opex), increased by 7.3%, compared with the previous year. Net
interest income increased by 11.2%, compared with previous year, mainly due to increased base rate and 6% growth in loans to customers from
year-end 2022, while Net interest margin remains stable at 3.1%, as funding cost through deposits and borrowings has increased. The year was
solid for the fee generating businesses, despite slowing activity in the economy and the capital markets. The operation of the subsidiary Vördur
improved between years with insurance revenues increasing by 15.3% while claims increased by 17.7%, mainly due to unfavourable fire
insurance claims in 2023. Market conditions were challenging for net financial income in 2023 but markets recovered in the last quarter,
resulting in a profit of ISK 1,366 million for the year 2023. Other income was strong due to the ISK 1.6 billion revaluation of the investment
property Blikastadir. Operating expenses, including operating expenses of the insurance operation, increased by 6.8% between years which is
below the rate of inflation. The cost-to-core income ratio was 44.7%, with expenses of the insurance operation included, compared with 45.0%
for 2022. Impairments were calculated at 12bps for the year, which is lower than expected for the Bank through the cycle but represents a
negative change from last year when net impairments were positive.
Arion Bank and its subsidiaries provide comprehensive financial services to the people of Iceland. Arion Bank’s role is to help those who want to
achieve success in Iceland and the Arctic through smart and reliable financial solutions which enhance financial health and create sustainable
value. Arion Bank places great importance on developing long-term relationships with its clients and is a market leader as a provider of cutting-
edge and modern banking services.
Arion Bank provides services to individuals, corporates and investors in three business segments: Retail Banking, Corporate & Investment
Banking, and Markets. The service offering is further augmented by the subsidiaries Stefnir and Vördur. Stefnir is one of the largest fund
management companies in Iceland, and Vördur is the fastest growing insurance company in Iceland, providing non-life and life insurance. The
Bank also offers pension services and manages several pensions funds.
The diverse service offering creates a broad revenue base, and the loan portfolio is well diversified between retail and corporate customers. The
high percentage of mortgages and the healthy distribution of loans across different sectors contribute towards risk management.
The Bank is a market leader in terms of digital solutions and innovation, and the majority of the Bank’s services can be obtained using the Arion
app. The broad spectrum of digital services makes banking more convenient for customers and also makes the business more cost efficient.
The Bank is a leading service provider and advisor to corporate customers and investors and has been a key figure in reinvigorating the
Icelandic stock market.
Arion Bank has adopted a clear policy on sustainable operations and environmental and climate issues. A wide range of green financial
services, such as green car loans, deposits, corporate loans and mortgages, is available to its customers. Arion Bank has published a green
financing framework which addresses the Bank’s funding and lending activities. The Bank has pledged to use the capital it obtains on the credit
markets through the green financing framework in green loans to corporate and retail customers as defined in the framework.
Arion Bank is a financially robust bank which aspires to operate profitably in harmony with society and the environment. The Bank is committed
to paying competitive dividends and is listed on Nasdaq Iceland and Nasdaq Stockholm.
4
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
Economic outlook
The economy is currently the scene of a tug of war between the Monetary Policy Committee and the labour market. While the Covid-19
pandemic was raging, policy rates had been at an all-time low, well below the rate of inflation, and the government ran a budget deficit to lessen
the shock to the economy. Households therefore hardly felt the impact of the crisis at the time. Persistent inflation now is partly a consequence
of these measures, while sharp wage increases have further buoyed inflation. Despite shrinking demand and steep pay rises, the labour market
has remained robust, and seasonally adjusted unemployment measured a mere 3.9% at the end of 2023. Much of this is due to the upturn in
tourism. Jobs related to the airlines have increased by 20.9% in a year, and travel companies and related services have seen a 19.3% rise in
jobs.
GDP growth has slowed down significantly after a period of strong growth in 2022. Domestic product was 3.8% lower in the third quarter of 2023
than the second quarter, and economic growth from the third quarter onwards measured a mere 1.7%. This trend is particularly attributable to
slumps in private consumption and investment, which in turn can be linked to the adoption of a tighter monetary stance. Private consumption
was down 1.7% year-over-year in the third quarter, and demand appears to be receding, illustrated by the fact that household card turnover was
5.2% lower in the fourth quarter than the same period the previous year. However, exports were up 1.8%, while imports were down 3%, meaning
that GDP growth is shifting from being driven by private consumption to being export driven, which is positive for the long-term economic
outlook.
Arion Bank's medium-term financial targets compared with the operational results for the year
Inflation measured 7.7% at the end of 2023 and little has changed since July. It now seems likely that inflation will recede somewhat over the
next few months and Arion Research forecasts 6.1% inflation in March. However, inflation is expected to drop slowly and is projected to average
5.5% over the year. Lower inflation means that real policy interest rates automatically increase, and a tighter monetary stance will be taken. This
opens up the possibility of interest rate cuts later in the year.
Uncertainty remains high, however, and there are two factors which could prove critical. Firstly, there is the outcome of the latest round of
collective wage negotiations; and secondly how the problem of housing for the displaced population of Grindavík will be resolved. At the
beginning of the wage negotiations all parties seemed eager to reach a deal, and it appeared that wage increases would be moderate. However,
the tone has changed and it now seems likely that negotiations will result in high pay increases. Although wage increases are positive for
households, it could mean that policy rates are kept high for longer than they would have been otherwise. Arion Research thinks it unlikely that
policy rates will be cut before deals are reached on both the general and public sector labour markets. Therefore, there is little prospect of an
interest rate cut before May. The second major uncertainty concerns measures in response to the situation in Grindavík. How these measures
will be implemented is not yet clear, but the government has stated that no one will be forced to remain in Grindavík, suggesting that people will
receive some sort of compensation for their homes if they choose to move elsewhere. If the entire population of Grindavík, or a large
percentage of them, choose to buy a home elsewhere, it is very likely to have a considerable impact on the housing market, even if mitigation
measures are taken.
The foundations of the Icelandic economy remain strong despite its current sluggishness, and domestic demand can be expected to recover
next year as policy interest rates are cut and the economy seeks balance.
5
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
Outlook for the Bank
Employees
Funding and liquidity
The Arion Group follows a strategy to aim to be the best at meeting the needs of its target groups and a leading company which drives the
success of its customers and society as a whole. This vision builds on long-term business relationships, diverse services and strong teamwork
which forms the basis for a seamless customer experience and sustainable value creation. The Group’s performance indicates that we are on
the right track. The Group’s core operations continued to perform strongly, and all key financial targets were achieved. Operations are
underpinned by the Group’s diverse business segments which complement each other through economic cycles, create integrated services for
customers and bring enhanced operating efficiency.
As in recent years, the operating environment underwent considerable changes in 2023, and the Group was able to call upon its diverse
revenue streams and sound infrastructure, yet also had the flexibility to respond to the shifting environment. The economy has been beset by
inflation and rising interest rates, and it is positive that goals are reached to bring this under control and to stabilize the economy in the near
term, with wage settlements playing a critical role in this respect. Volcanic activity on the Reykjanes Peninsula has also presented a major
challenge this year. The Group has worked closely with its customers in the affected area in this difficult period and will continue to do so as
events develop.
Arion Bank and Vördur have in place an incentive scheme which came into effect in 2021 for employees of Arion Bank and Vördur. The scheme
is in compliance with the FSA’s rules on remuneration policies for financial institutions. The scheme is split into two parts. Firstly, employees can
receive up to 10% of their fixed salary in the form of a cash payment. Secondly, a limited group can receive up to 25% of their fixed salary as a
payment in the form of shares in the Bank which will be subject to four to five year lock-up period. The key metric used to determine whether
remuneration will be paid for 2023, in part or in full, is whether the Bank’s return on equity in the relevant year is higher than the weighted ROE
of the Bank’s main competitors. Stefnir has a special incentive scheme where other criteria are used as a basis. Since 2021 Arion Bank has had
in place share option plan for all employees of the Bank, and the subsidiaries Vördur and Stefnir, which is considered important for aligning the
interests of employees with the long-term interests of the Bank. The share option plan was initially for five years and employees are entitled to
buy shares for up to ISK 1,500,000 each year. The purchase price is determined by the Bank’s average share price 10 days before the share
option agreement is signed.
On 1 March Arion Bank will host a capital markets day at its headquarters where the management will present the key strategic focuses within
the Group and refine its operating targets for the next few years.
In May 2023 Arion Bank issued €300 million senior preferred notes with a maturity of 3 years. The notes pay a coupon of 7.25% which
corresponds to a spread of 407bp over mid-swaps. The bonds attracted strong demand from a diverse group of investors on the international
bond market. Offers totalling approximately €600 million were received from in excess of 70 investors from more than 15 countries in Europe
and Asia. At the same time Arion Bank announced an invitation to holders of its outstanding €300 million senior notes due in May 2024 to tender
their notes.
In November Arion Bank completed the sale of a new series of senior preferred bonds. The new indexed-linked series, ARION 28 1512, sold for
a total of ISK 8,740 million at a yield of 4.40%. It matures on 15 December 2028.
In terms of funding and liquidity management the year was characterized by the Bank’s strong liquidity position and continued deposit growth.
The Bank’s liquidity position was well above the required minimum and the liquidity ratio at the end of 2023 was 192%, with the minimum
requirement being 100%. The Bank’s solid liquidity position is due to funding on the wholesale markets, while customer deposits increased by
5.0%, from ISK 755 billion to ISK 793 billion.
Arion Bank remains in a strong position to deal with changes in the environment, having strong and diverse revenue streams, high capital ratios
by international standards and excellent liquidity.
The Group had 822 full-time equivalent positions at the end of the year, compared with 781 at the end of 2022.
Arion Bank continued to issue covered bonds. In 2023 the Bank issued covered bonds amounting to ISK 44.4 billion (of which ISK 22.6 billion
were for own use).
Moody’s Investors Service rated Arion Bank’s covered bonds for the first time. Arion Bank was assigned an Aa2 long-term rating for its euro-
denominated covered bonds. This is the highest rating of any Icelandic issuer. Arion Bank’s long term-issuer rating was upgraded from Baa1 to
A3. Additionally, the long-term and short-term deposit rating was upgraded from A3/P-2 to A2/P-1. The outlook was changed from positive to
stable.
In May S&P Global Ratings affirmed its BBB rating for Arion Bank and revised the outlook from stable to negative. In November, the outlook
was revised back to stable.
S&P Global Ratings revised its rating for Arion Bank’s covered bond programme from A to A+ with a stable outlook. The covered bond rating is
now the same as that of the Icelandic government.
6
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
Capital adequacy and dividends
Group ownership
Risk management
At the end of December 2023 Gildi lífeyrissjódur was the largest shareholder in Arion Bank with a shareholding of 9.85%. Arion Bank held 0.95%
of its own shares at the end of December. The number of shareholders was 11,180 at the end of December, compared with 12,059 at the
beginning of the year. Further information on Arion Bank's shareholders can be found in Note 38. At the AGM in March 2023 a motion was
passed to reduce the company's share capital by ISK 50 million at nominal value, by cancelling the company's own shares. The reduction took
place on 25 April 2023.
The main venue at which the Board and the Bank report information to the shareholders and propose decisions is at legally convened
shareholders’ meetings. The Bank provides an effective and accessible arrangement for communications between shareholders and the Board
of Directors between those meetings. Any information sensitive to the market will be released through a MAR press release. Arion Bank also
arranges quarterly meetings where the CEO, CFO and Investor Relations present the interim financial results. The Bank has also held its capital
markets day on two occasions, in November 2019 and 2021, where the management team discussed the progress in the Bank’s operations
and key focus areas going forward. The next capital markets day will be held 1 March 2024.
The Group faces various risks arising from its day-to-day operations as a financial institution. Managing risk is therefore a core activity within the
Group. The key to effective risk management is a process of on-going identification of significant risk, quantification of risk exposure, actions to
limit risk and constant monitoring of risk. This process of risk management and the ability to manage and price risk factors is critical to the
Group's continuing profitability as well as ensuring that the Group's exposure to risk remains within acceptable levels. The Board of Directors is
ultimately responsible for the Bank’s risk management framework and ensuring that satisfactory risk policies and governance structure for
controlling the Bank’s risk exposure are in place. The Group’s risk management, its structure and main risk factors are described in the notes
and in the Bank’s unaudited Pillar 3 Risk Disclosures.
The Central Bank of Iceland's Resolution Authority approved Arion Bank's resolution plan on 17 October 2023. With the approval of the
resolution plan, the Resolution Authority set the Bank's MREL requirement at 20.2% of the total risk exposure amount and 6% of the total
exposure measure, based on year-end 2022 data. Arion Bank is in full compliance with the requirement. An MREL subordination requirement is
expected to come into effect in Q3 2026.
The Bank's REA increased by ISK 27.6 billion in 2023. This was driven primarily by an increase of ISK 25.3 billion in loan portfolio REA and 9.5
billion in operational risk REA, partly offset by a ISK 7.2 billion decrease in counterparty credit risk REA. REA changes for other factors were
less material.
On 10 July, the FSA published the result of the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP) for Arion Bank, based on financial
information at year-end 2022. The additional capital requirement under Pillar 2 is set at 2.1% of total risk-weighted exposure amount (REA), a
decrease of 1.4pp from the previous year.
The Group's capital adequacy ratio on 31 December 2023 was 24.1% and the CET1 ratio was 19.7%. The ratios account for a deduction due to
foreseeable dividend payments that represent 50% of net earnings, in line with the Bank's dividend policy. This compares to a total regulatory
capital requirement of 19.3% and a CET1 requirement of 14.9%, including the combined buffer requirement.
Arion Bank's capital position is very strong and will remain so for the foreseeable future. This underpins the Bank's ability to support its
customers and the Icelandic economy, as it faces challenging economic conditions owing to a number of factors including geopolitical tensions,
persistent high interest rates, high inflation, and the threat of natural disaster.
Arion Bank's dividend policy states that the Bank aims to pay 50% of net earnings in dividends and that additional dividend or share buybacks
can be considered when the Bank's capital levels exceed the minimum regulatory requirements together with the Bank's management buffer.
The Bank aims in the medium term to maintain capital adequacy ratios 150-250bps above total regulatory requirements. In the near term
however, capital thresholds as per external rating methodologies will impact the Bank‘s capital management. This is especially relevant for the
Bank‘s BBB rating from Standard & Poor’s. To maintain the current rating, the Bank will need to accumulate Tier 1 capital in excess of
regulatory requirements by 4-5% of REA. The Bank‘s issuer rating from Moody‘s is A3 with a stable outlook.
The proposed dividend for the year 2023, which will be subject to the approval of the Annual General Meeting on 13 March 2024, corresponds
to ISK 9.0 per share or around ISK 13 billion, net of own shares. In March 2023, the Bank paid a dividend of ISK 8.5 per share, approximately
ISK 12.5 billion.
In March 2023 the Central Bank of Iceland announced that it would increase the countercyclical buffer from 2% to 2.5%, effective from 15 March
2024. Other things being equal, this will increase Arion Bank's total capital requirement by the corresponding percentage.
7
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
Governance
Sustainability and non-financial reporting
At the Bank’s AGM on 15 March 2023, six members were elected to serve on the Board of Directors until the next AGM, three women and three
men. Additionally, two Alternate Directors (one woman and one man) were elected. All Directors and Alternates are independent of Arion Bank,
its management and major shareholders. The Board’s composition as regards gender representation complies with statutory requirements,
which stipulate that companies employing more than 50 people must ensure that the gender ratio of the board of directors and alternate board is
no less than 40%.
The Board of Directors of Arion Bank places great importance on good corporate governance and a corporate culture which fosters open and
honest relations between the Bank, its shareholders, and other stakeholders. The Board of Directors is the supreme authority in the affairs of the
Bank between shareholders’ meetings and tends to those operations of the Bank which are not considered part of the day-to-day business, i.e.,
taking decisions on issues which are unusual or of a significant nature. The Board of Directors appoints a Chief Executive Officer who is
responsible for the day-to-day operations in accordance with a strategy set out by the Board. The CEO hires the Executive Management.
There are five Board sub-committees: The Board Audit Committee, the Board Risk Committee, the Board Credit Committee, the Board
Remuneration Committee and the Board Tech Committee. One of the committee members on the Board Audit Committee is not a Board
member and is independent of the Bank and its shareholders.
The main roles of the Board, as further specified in the rules of procedure of the Board, include approving the Bank's strategy, supervising
financial affairs and accounting, and ensuring that appropriate internal controls are in place. The Board ensures that the Bank has active
Internal Audit, Compliance and Risk Management departments. The Internal Auditor is appointed by the Board of Directors and works
independently of other departments of the Bank in accordance with a charter from the Board. The Internal Auditor provides independent and
objective assurance and advice designed to add value and improve the Bank's operations. The Compliance Officer, who reports directly to the
CEO, works independently within the Bank in accordance with a charter from the Board. The main role of Compliance is to ensure that the Bank
has in place proactive measures to reduce the risk of rules being breached in the course of its activities. Compliance is also responsible for
coordinating the Bank’s measures against money laundering and terrorist financing. The duties of Compliance are carried out under a risk-
based compliance plan approved by the Board of Directors, including a monitoring and training schedule for employees which addresses the
laws and rules under which the Bank operates.
Corporate governance at Arion Bank is described in more detail in the Bank's Corporate Governance Statement which is contained in the
unaudited appendix to the Financial Statement and on the website www.arionbanki.is. The Corporate Governance Statement is based on
legislation, regulations, and recognised guidelines in force when the Bank's annual financial statements are adopted by the Board of Directors,
prepared in accordance with the Guidelines on Corporate Governance, 6th edition, issued by the Icelandic Chamber of Commerce, SA –
Business Iceland and Nasdaq Iceland in February 2021. Corporate governance at Arion Bank complies with the guidelines with two exceptions,
which are explained in more detail in the Corporate Governance Statement.
Arion Bank places great importance on environmental and social factors and good governance in its operations. The Bank’s business model is
discussed earlier in this report. Arion Bank’s role is to help people who want to achieve success in Iceland and the Arctic through smart and
reliable financial solutions which enhance financial health and create sustainable value.
Arion Bank’s sustainability policy bears the title Together we make good things happen and signifies that the Bank wants to act as a role model
in responsible and profitable business practices, taking into account the environment, the economy and society. At Arion Bank we aim to ensure
that social responsibility and sustainability are part of the Bank's day-to-day activities, its decision-making and processes. The Bank’s code of
ethics serves as a key to responsible decision-making at Arion Bank.
The Bank has a sustainability committee and the management of risk in connection with ESG factors was defined as part of the Bank’s risk
management system. The CEO is the chairman of the committee, whose role is to monitor the Bank’s performance in connection with its policy
and commitment on sustainability and to ensure that ESG factors are considered in decisions and plans made by the Bank. A green financing
committee and equality committee are sub-committees of this committee.
In September Birna Hlín Káradóttir, who has been General Counsel at Arion Bank since 2019, took up the role of managing a new division,
Operation and Culture, which took over a range of projects which were previously the responsibility of other divisions. The new division also
includes a new transformation team. The changes are designed to foster closer collaboration between support units, bring greater efficiency to
operations, manage transformation projects more effectively, and bring a clearer focus on service and customer experience. The division will
also play a key role in the continued development and shaping of Arion Bank’s corporate culture. Operation and Culture will incorporate human
resources, back office, operations management, transformation and legal services.
The Bank has adopted a risk policy on sustainability which is approved by the Board of Directors and reviewed annually. This policy states that
the Bank seeks to ensure that its operations and services do not have a negative impact on people or the environment. It also states that the
Bank supports Iceland’s climate action plan whose goal is to meet the obligations of the Paris Climate Agreement and to achieve the ambitious
goal of carbon neutrality in Iceland by 2040. Key performance indicators relating to ESG factors were added to the quarterly risk report to the
Board, and the Bank’s risk appetite with respect to these factors was defined.
Arion Bank has selected six UN Sustainable Development Goals which the Bank intends to focus on. These goals are number 5 on gender
equality; number 7 on affordable and clean energy; number 8 on decent work and economic growth; number 9 on industry, innovation and
infrastructure; number 12 on responsible consumption and production; and number 13 on climate action.
8
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
-
-
-
-
-
The Bank’s human resources policy involves creating a positive and motivational working environment and supporting its employees. We
endeavour to attract and retain outstanding employees and help them develop professionally and personally. The Bank has adopted a learning
and development policy designed to make employees improve and maintain their knowledge and skills and to ensure they are always well
informed and know the laws and rules applicable to their area of work. Employees are also encouraged to show initiative and take responsibility
for their own knowledge and skills.
In 2023 the Bank updated its targets in its environment and climate policy, and the targets were approved by the sustainability committee at the
beginning of 2024. Earlier targets were reviewed with respect to the results achieved so far and new targets were added. The Bank’s targets are
reassessed annually with the aim always being to set higher targets.
The Bank issued its first comprehensive green financing framework in 2021 and has since then issued four green bonds based on the
framework. After two years of solid growth in 2021 and 2022, the proportion of green lending in the total loan portfolio fell slightly in 2023 to
10.7% at year-end. The Bank’s original target was to increase the percentage of loans under the Green Financing Framework to at least 20% by
2030. This target was revised at the beginning of 2024, and in the future it will apply both to green loans and loans which have a positive impact
on society. Revisions of the green financing framework also commenced during the year. Loans which have a positive impact on society will
now also be incorporated into the framework. This work will be completed in 2024.
The Bank’s credit policy places an emphasis on sustainability and the credit rules stipulate that ESG factors should be assessed when a credit
rating is required, or a company meets the conditions of Article 66d of the Annual Accounts Act.
The Bank’s updated targets state that the Bank is trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from its own activities by 80% by 2030, i.e. from
building premises and vehicles. At the end of 2023 the Bank had reduced these emissions by 75.5% compared with the reference year 2015.
The Bank has purchased verified carbon units to offset emissions for which the Bank is directly responsible and emissions from other activities,
such as business trips, waste and employee journeys to and from work.
Human Resources
In conjunction with the 2023 Annual and Sustainability Report, Arion Bank is publishing its second report on financed emissions which is based
on Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials (PCAF) methodology. This involves emissions from the Bank’s lending and investments. The
report reveals that the emissions intensity of the Bank’s loan portfolio is similar between years but has improved slightly. Emissions intensity is
defined as the volume of greenhouse gas emissions per each ISK 1 million loaned. The emissions intensity of customers decreased from 0.154
ktCO2e/ISKm to 0.151 ktCO2e/ISKm, or by 2%. Corporate loans have the largest impact, with 90% of emissions relating to this type of loan.
Emissions intensity decreased by 5.1% between years in this loan category. The report sets out the first climate targets based on the results of
financed emissions, and they represent important steps in the Bank’s target setting until 2030. The Bank aims to get its climate targets validated
by Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) within two years.
Arion Bank engages in extensive partnerships in the field of sustainability and social responsibility, both in Iceland and abroad, and is a
signatory to numerous treaties and declarations. For example, the Bank is a signatory to the UN Global Compact, the UN Principles for
Responsible Investment, the UN Principles for Responsible Banking and UN Women.
In 2023 the CEO of Arion Bank, Benedikt Gíslason, signed a CEO statement with the CEOs of almost 80 Nordic signatories to the Global
Compact expressing their support for the UN’s Global Compact's Ten Principles and Sustainable Development Goals, while upholding the
targets of the Paris Agreement and urging further action to reach these targets. The statement was released to coincide with COP28. At the end
of the year, the Bank also became a signatory to the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) and the UN-convened Net-Zero Banking Alliance, a
global group of banks committed to financing ambitious climate action.
In Iceland the Bank is a member of Festa – Center for Sustainability and one of the founding members of IcelandSIF, the Iceland Sustainable
Investment Forum. The Bank is also one the founding members of Green by Iceland, a joint business and government forum on climate issues
and green solutions. The Bank has been a signatory to the City of Reykjavík and Festa’s Declaration on Climate Change since 2015 and has
signed a declaration of intent concerning the Equality Scale, an initiative created by the Association of Icelandic Businesswomen (FKA).
Arion Bank has adopted an environment and climate policy and has set targets. The policy, which was updated at the beginning of 2024, spells
out the importance of the Bank minimizing the negative environmental impact of its activities and greenhouse gas emissions. The policy states
that the Bank will focus its attention on financing projects on sustainable development and green infrastructure, support Iceland’s ambitious
plans to have net zero emissions by 2040 and aim to be net zero itself the same year.
Partnerships in sustainability
Policy and environment and climate action
Arion Bank’s environment and climate targets until 2030:
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from own activities (Scopes 1 & 2) by 80% calculated from 2015 and remaining emissions will
be carbon offset.
Continuous efforts to get a more accurate picture of emissions from acquired goods and services (Scope 3) in the Bank’s activities.
Percentage of sustainable lending will be at least 20% of the Bank’s total loan book.
Targets on financed emissions should be validated by SBTi.
Aim for reductions in financed emissions in the sectors which have the most impact (Scope 3) in line with the net zero target by 2040.
The latest targets are published annually in the Bank’s report on financed emissions.
9
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
Since 2015 the Bank has had an equal pay system and equal pay certification. The aim is to eliminate the gender pay gap and promote equality.
In 2018 we became the first Icelandic bank to get the Ministry of Welfare’s equal pay symbol and a pay equity analysis indicated that the
unexplained gender pay gap was 2.4%. Since 2022 we have sharpened our focus on this issue and introduced monthly pay analyses in addition
to the review performed annually. The review carried out in 2023 revealed an unexplained gender pay gap of 0.2% (women higher) compared
with 0.4% in 2022. The target is for this figure to be below 1%. In addition, the Bank has set the target that the median value of total wages paid
to men compared with the median value of total wages paid to women will fall to below 1.3. The median value of total wages paid to men
compared with the median value of total wages paid to women in 2023 was 1.28, compared with 1.29 in 2022 and 1.43 in 2021. We also
measure the ratio in different job families at the Bank.
There is zero tolerance of bullying, gender-based or sexual harassment or other types of violence at Arion Bank. The Bank has an anti-bullying
team which is responsible for overseeing the Bank’s policy, procedures and training in connection with tackling bullying, gender-based or sexual
harassment or violence.
The Arion Index is a survey which is regularly sent to all employees of the Bank and measures a range of factors, including how employees
experience their own work, working environment and well-being at work. The results of the Arion Index this year indicated that our employees
are generally happy at work and satisfied with their working environment. The average Arion Index score during the year was 4.38 on a scale of
1-5. The results of the workplace analysis revealed that 93% of employees are satisfied with their place of work and employee engagement
scored 4.27 on a scale from 1-5.
The Bank has adopted a clear equality and human rights policy and a 3-year action plan. The objective of the policy and action plan is to create
an environment where people of similar education, work experience and responsibility have equal opportunities and terms, irrespective of
gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, origin, nationality, skin colour, age, disability or religion or other factors. The Bank’s action plan
places emphasis on balancing gender ratios at the Bank, not just at management level but throughout different job families, committees, and
business units. If we look at all levels of management at the Bank, 44% are women and 56% are men.
At the end of 2023 the Bank commenced its annual risk assessment. The assessment was combined with the Bank’s risk framework and was
carried out parallel to the annual risk assessment process. Inherent risk relating to human resources and social factors is generally rated as low.
The main risks concern the ability and development of employees, as well as equality and diversity. The key environmental risks were
considered to be greenwashing and the environmental and climate impact of lending and investment. The assessment also revealed that the
main governance risks were anti-money laundering measures and violations relating to know-your-customer and data protection. The
management of these risk at the Bank was generally rated as adequate or strong.
Measures against bribery and corruption
Risks associated with sustainability
The Bank has introduced a policy on actions against financial crime, such as money laundering, terrorist financing, bribery and corruption or
market abuse. During the year the Bank approved a special policy on measures against bribery and corruption with the aim being to establish
general indicators on this topic. According to the policy, there is zero tolerance at the Bank of any form of bribery and corruption, and
procedures should be in place which ensure that employees report all incidents which may be linked to bribery and corruption. The Bank is
aware that risk linked to bribery and corruption is generally present in all areas of financial activities and the main risks have been identified at
the Bank, which re-evaluates its measures regularly in response to the risk at any give time. Further information on measures against bribery
and corruption is contained in the Bank’s 2023 Pillar 3 Risk Disclosures.
In 2023 the Central Bank of Iceland’s Regulations No. 772/2023 on the Disclosure Obligations of Financial Institutions came into effect, which
constitutes the implementation of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/2453 on technical standards as regards the disclosure of
environmental, social and governance risks. The European Banking Authority (EBA) issued the aforementioned technical standards and the
template which the Bank is now publishing for the first time in the 2023 Pillar 3 Risk Disclosures. The Technical Standards are partly based on
the recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TFCD) which the Bank has used in recent years to gain a
better overview of climate-related risk and in its treatment of sustainability risk.
Arion Bank’s activities are governed by the provisions of the Annual Accounts Act on non-financial reporting, Article 66 d. Information in the
2023 Annual and Sustainability Report has been prepared and published in accordance with the Global Reporting Initiative standard, GRI
Standards, which helps companies and institutions share information on sustainability in a transparent and comparable way.
When sharing information on sustainability in operations the ESG reporting guide for the Nasdaq Nordic exchange and the 10 Principles of the
UN Global Compact are also used a reference. The UN Sustainable Development Goals are also referred to. For the fourth time the progress
made in implementing the UN Principles for Responsible Banking is reported on.
In 2023 Arion Bank took its first steps towards implementing the European Sustainability Reporting Standard (ESRS). The standard forms part
of the requirements for the expected transposing of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) into Icelandic law. For the first time
a double materiality assessment has been published in respect of the standard. The results of the assessment were obtained through
discussions with stakeholders, surveys of employees and workshops. Reference is made to the ESRS in the Bank’s environmental accounts but
the implementation of the standard is far from complete.
Due diligence process
10
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Endorsement and statement
by the Board of Directors and the CEO
Endorsement of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer
Steinunn Kristín Thórdardóttir
Further information on sustainability and non-financial information can be found in the Annual and Sustainability Report which will be available
on the Bank’s website on 14 February 2024.
The Consolidated Financial Statements of Arion Bank for the year ended 31 December 2023 have been prepared in accordance with
International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and additional requirements in the Icelandic Financial
Statements Act, Financial Undertakings Act and Rules on Accounting for Credit Institutions.
It is our opinion that the Consolidated Financial Statements give a true and fair view of the financial performance and cash flow of the Group for
the year ended 31 December 2023 and its financial position as at 31 December 2023. Furthermore, in our opinion the Consolidated Financial
Statements and the Endorsement of the Board of Directors and the CEO give a fair view of the development and performance of the Group's
operations and its position and describe the principal risks and uncertainties faced by the Group.
The Board of Directors and the CEO have today discussed the Consolidated Financial Statements of Arion Bank for the year ended 31
December 2023 and confirm them by means of their signatures. The Board of Directors and the CEO recommend that the Consolidated
Financial Statements be approved at the Annual General Meeting of Arion Bank.
Reykjavík, 7 February 2024
In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements of Arion Bank hf. for the year 2023 with the file name RIL4VBPDB0M7Z3KXSF19-2023-12-
31-en.zip is prepared, in all material respects, in compliance with the ESEF Regulation.
Gunnar Sturluson
Kristín Pétursdóttir
Board of Directors
Benedikt Gíslason
Liv Fiksdahl
Chief Executive Officer
Brynjólfur Bjarnason, Chairman
Paul Richard Horner, Vice Chairman
In 2023 new legislation was introduced in Iceland which obliges the Bank to disclose information in respect of EU Taxonomy. For the first time
the Bank is disclosing information in accordance with EU Taxonomy in an annex to the consolidated financial statements for 2023. The annex
contains general information on the taxonomy directive, its implementation in Iceland and the activities covered by the taxonomy.
Deloitte provides an opinion with limited assurance on sustainability in the Annual and Sustainability Report in accordance with GRI Standards
and Nasdaq Guidelines. Deloitte also provides an opinion with limited assurance on the Bank’s progress report to PRB.
In 2023 Arion Bank received the rating “outstanding” in the ESG assessment performed by the Icelandic ratings agency Reitun, for the fourth
year in succession. The Bank received 90 points out of a possible 100, placing it in category A3. The rating is based on the Bank’s performance
in environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues in its operations. The Bank has performed well above average in all categories.
Approximately 40 issuers have been rated by Reitun. In 2023 Arion Bank was also rated by the international ratings agency Sustainalytics,
which specializes in rating risk related to ESG issues. The rating was positive and Sustainalytics considers the Bank to be one of the best
performing banks globally in this area. The Bank scored 10.5 points on a scale from 0-100, with a lower score signifying lower risk.
Sustainalytics therefore believes there is minimal risk of significant financial damage due to ESG issues at the Bank. Arion Bank is in the top 5%
of more than 1,000 banks worldwide which have been rated by Sustainalytics and in the top 3% of 400 regional banks.
11
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Opinion
Basis for Opinion
Key Audit Matters
Impairment charges for loans and provisions for guarantees
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Arion Bank hf.
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of Arion Bank
hf. as at December 31, 2023, its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the EU and additional requirements, as applicable, in the Act on Annual
Accounts, the Act on Financial Undertakings and rules on accounting for credit institutions.
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the consolidated financial
statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole,
and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Arion Bank hf. for the year ended December 31, 2023 which comprise the
consolidated income statement, consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of financial position, consolidated
statement of changes in equity, consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended and the Notes to the consolidated financial
statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs). Our responsibilities under those standards are further
described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of
Arion Bank hf. in accordance with the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants’ Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (IESBA
Code) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the consolidated financial statements in Iceland, and we have
fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the IESBA Code.
Our opinion in this report on the consolidated financial statements is consistent with the content of the additional report that has been submitted
to the parent company´s audit committee in accordance with the EU Audit Regulation 537/2014 Article 11.
Independent Auditor's report
Based on the best of our knowledge and belief, no prohibited services referred to in the EU Audit Regulation 537/2014 Article 5.1 has been
provided. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
How the matter was addressed in the auditKey Audit Matters
Loans for the Group amounted to ISK 1,161,340 million at 31
December 2023, and the total allowance account for the Group
amounted to ISK 8,917 million (including off-balance positions) at 31
December 2023.
The Group valuate it´s impairment on loans based of IFRS 9 resulting
in impairment charges are recognised when losses are expected
based on forecasting models.
Management has provided further information about the accounting
policies for expected credit losses in Note 59 and about loan
impairment charges and provisions for guarantees in Notes 16 and
44.
Measurement of loan impairment charges for loans and provisions for
guarantees is deemed a key audit matter as the determination of
assumptions for expected credit losses is subjective due to the level
of judgement applied by Management.
The most significant judgements are:
• Assumptions used in the expected credit loss models to assess the
credit risk related to the exposure and the expected future cash flows
of the customer.
• Timely identification of exposures with significant increase in credit
risk and credit impaired exposures.
• Valuation of collateral and assumptions used for manually assessed
credit-impaired exposures.
Based on our risk assessment and industry knowledge, we have
examined the impairment charges for loans and provisions for
guarantees and evaluated the methodology applied as well as the
assumptions made according to the description of the key audit
matter.
As part of our audit, we have examined the Group’s implementation of
IFRS 9. As part of our review of the implementation we performed
substantive procedures on the Group’s impairment models and
reviewed the methodology implemented for expected credit loss
calculations. We used risk modelling specialists as well as IFRS
specialists as part of our audit.
Our examination included the following elements:
• Testing of key controls over key assumptions used in the expected
credit loss models to assess the credit risk related to the exposure
and the expected future cash flows of the customer.
• Substantively testing evidence to support the assumptions used in
the expected credit loss models applied in stage allocation,
assumptions applied to derive lifetime possibility of default and
methods applied to derive loss given default.
• Testing of key controls and substantive testing of timely identification
of exposures with significant increase in credit risk and timely
identification of credit impaired exposures.
• Testing of key controls over models and manual processes for
valuation of collateral used in the expected credit loss calculations.
• Substantively testing evidence to support appropriate determination
of assumptions for loan impairment charges and provisions for
guarantees including valuation of collateral and assumptions of future
cash flows on manually assessed credit impaired exposures.
12
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Independent Auditor's report
Reliability of information from IT systems relevant to financial reporting
Other information
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the CEO for the Consolidated Financial Statements
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements
•
•
•
by management.
Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and
perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our
opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may
involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of Arion Bank hf.'s internal control.
The Board of Directors and the CEO are responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the EU and additional requirements, as applicable, in the Act
on Annual Accounts, the Act on Financial Undertakings and rules on accounting for credit institutions, and for such internal control as the Board
of Directors and the CEO determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Board of Directors and the CEO are responsible for assessing Arion Bank hf.’s ability to
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless
the Board of Directors and the CEO either intends to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of
assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to
influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements.
The board of directors and the audit committee shall supervise the preparation and presentation of the consolidated financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We
also:
The Group’s financial reporting is highly dependent on IT systems
supporting the overall financial reporting process, due to the
significant number of transactions processed through various
systems needed to support the Group’s operations.
In the process of preparing the consolidated financial statements the
Group uses data from number of complex IT systems. The accuracy
and completeness of transactions is important to support the
reliability of financial reporting.
Due to the importance of data from IT systems to support the
financial reporting we consider their reliability a key audit matter.
The procedures performed to respond to the key audit matter included
the following, amongst others;
• We obtained an understanding of the Group’s IT systems and
environment that support the overall financial reporting process
• We reviewed the design, implementation and effectiveness of
control activities, as appropriate, related to access management,
change management, accuracy of key automated calculations and
operation for the systems considered important for the audit. Deloitte
IT audit specialists were involved in the audit
• For IT systems that are outsourced and are relevant to the audit we
obtained and assessed the ISAE 3402 report issued by the service
organisation
Key Audit Matters How the matter was addressed in the audit
The Board of Directors and CEO are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the unaudited appendix to the
Financial Statements, 5-year overview, key figures, unaudited quarterly statements in Note 6 and Endorsement and statements by the Board of
Directors and the CEO.
Our opinion on the consolidated financial Statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form of
assurance conclusion thereon, except the confirmation regarding the Endorsement and the statement by the Board of Directors and the CEO as
stated below.
In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this
other information; we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
In accordance with Paragraph 2 article 104 of the Icelandic Financial Statement Act no. 3/2006, we confirm to the best of our knowledge that the
accompanying report of the board of directors includes all information required by the Icelandic Financial Statement Act that is not disclosed
elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements.
13
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Independent Auditor's report
•
•
•
Report on other legal and regulatory requirements
Report on European single electronic format (ESEF Regulation)
Appointment of auditor
Gunnar Thorvardarson
State Authorized Public Accountant
Management is responsible for preparing the consolidated financial statements in compliance with laws no. 20/2021 disclosure obligation of
issuers of securities and the obligation to flag. This responsibility includes preparing the consolidated financial statements in a XHTML format in
accordance to EU regulation 2019/815 on the European single electronic format (ESEF regulation).
Our responsibility is to obtain reasonable assurance, based on evidence that we have obtained, on whether the consolidated financial
statements is prepared in all material respects, in compliance with the ESEF Regulation, and to issue a report that includes our opinion. The
nature, timing and extent of procedures selected depend on the auditor's judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material
departures from the requirement set out in the ESEF regulation, whether due to fraud or error.
Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence
obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to
continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to
the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our
conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may
cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether
the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to
express an opinion on the consolidated and separate financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and
performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.
We communicate with the Board of Directors and the Audit Committee regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the
audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide the Board of Directors and the Audit Committee a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding
independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence,
and where applicable, related safeguards.
In addition to our work as the auditors of Arion Bank hf., Deloitte has provided the Bank with permitted additional services such as review of
interim financial statements and other assurance engagement. Deloitte has in place internal procedures in order to ensure its independence
before acceptance of additional services. Deloitte has confirmed in writing to the Audit Committee that we are independent of Arion banki hf.
Deloitte ehf.
Kópavogur, 7 February 2024
From the matters communicated with the Board of Directors and the Audit Committee, we determine those matters that were of most
significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these
matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we
determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be
expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
As part of our audit of the consolidated financial statements of Arion Bank hf. we performed procedures to be able to issue an opinion on
whether the consolidated financial statements of Arion Bank hf. for the year 2023 with the file name RIL4VBPDB0M7Z3KXSF19-2023-12-31-
en.zip is prepared, in all material respects, in compliance with laws no. 20/2021 disclosure obligation of issuers of securities and the obligation to
flag relating to requirements regarding European single electronic format regulation EU 2019/815 which include requirements related to the
preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in XHTML format and iXBRL markup.
Deloitte ehf. was appointed auditor of Arion Bank hf. By the general meeting of shareholders on 15 March 2023. Deloitte have been elected as
auditor of the Group since the general meeting 2015.
In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements of Arion Bank hf. for the year 2023 with the file name
RIL4VBPDB0M7Z3KXSF19-2023-12-
31-en.zip is prepared, in all material respects, in compliance with the ESEF Regulation.
14
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Amounts are in ISK millions
Consolidated Income Statement
Notes 2023 2022*
123,116 83,515
(78,431) (43,314)
7
44,685 40,201
20,120 18,741
(3,731) (2,292)
8
16,389 16,449
17,416 15,105
(17,264) (14,490)
9
152 615
10 1,366 (3,286)
11 1,589 1,314
2,955 (1,972)
64,181 55,293
12 (25,701) (24,329)
15 (1,796) (1,749)
16 (1,348) 144
35,336 29,359
17 (9,595) (9,944)
25,741 19,415
18 (4) 6,543
25,737 25,958
Attributable to
25,755 25,945
(18) 13
25,737 25,958
Earnings per share 19
17.80 17.40
17.00 16.46
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Non-controlling interest ..........................................................................................................................
Net earnings .............................................................................................................................................
Basic earnings per share attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank (ISK) .......................................
Diluted earnings per share attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank (ISK) .....................................
Interest income ......................................................................................................................................
Interest expense .....................................................................................................................................
Fee and commission income ..................................................................................................................
Fee and commission expense ................................................................................................................
Net financial income ...............................................................................................................................
Other operating income ..........................................................................................................................
Operating expenses ...............................................................................................................................
Net interest income .................................................................................................................................
Net fee and commission income ............................................................................................................
Insurance service results ........................................................................................................................
Other net operating income ....................................................................................................................
Operating income ....................................................................................................................................
Bank levy ...............................................................................................................................................
Net impairment .......................................................................................................................................
Income tax expense ...............................................................................................................................
Discontinued operations held for sale, net of income tax ........................................................................
Shareholders of Arion Bank hf. ..............................................................................................................
Earnings before income tax ....................................................................................................................
Net earnings from continuing operations ..............................................................................................
Net earnings .............................................................................................................................................
Insurance revenue .................................................................................................................................
Insurance service expenses ...................................................................................................................
15
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Amounts are in ISK millions
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
Notes 2023 2022*
25,737 25,958
697 (999)
10 (15) 1,553
682 554
- (676)
682 (122)
26,419 25,836
Attributable to
26,437 25,849
(18) (13)
26,419 25,836
Comprehensive income per share 19
18.27 17.34
17.34 16.40
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
Net realized (gain) loss on financial assets carried at FV through OCI, net of tax
Net earnings ............................................................................................................................................
Changes to reserve for financial instruments at FV through OCI ........................................................
subsequently to the Income Statement ................................................................................................
Total comprehensive income .................................................................................................................
Total comprehensive income .................................................................................................................
Net change in FV of financial assets carried at FV through OCI, net of tax ..............................................
and reclassification from OCI equity reserve, transferred to the P/L ......................................................
Exchange difference on translating foreign subsidiaries ..........................................................................
Shareholders of Arion Bank ....................................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest ...........................................................................................................................
Other comprehensive income (loss) that is or may be reclassified
Basic comprehensive income per share attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank (ISK) .................
Diluted comprehensive income per share attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank (ISK) ...............
16
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Amounts are in ISK millions
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
Assets Notes
20 102,095 114,118
21 28,835 45,501
22 1,152,789 1,084,757
23-26 205,706 193,329
25 9,493 7,862
27 789 787
28 8,051 8,783
29 39 135
30 62 61
31 17,813 10,276
1,525,672 1,465,609
Liabilities
24 2,771 11,697
24 792,710 755,361
24 11,646 20,997
29 11,169 10,303
32 46,336 39,401
24.33 420,460 392,563
24.34 41,279 47,331
1,326,371 1,277,653
Equity 37
10,634 13,372
12,283 10,672
175,881 163,263
198,798 187,307
503 649
199,301 187,956
1,525,672 1,465,609
31.12.2022*
31.12.2023
Cash and balances with Central Bank ...........................................................................................
Loans to credit institutions ............................................................................................................
Investment property ......................................................................................................................
Deposits .......................................................................................................................................
Financial liabilities at fair value .....................................................................................................
Investments in associates .............................................................................................................
Intangible assets ...........................................................................................................................
Tax assets ....................................................................................................................................
Other assets .................................................................................................................................
Due to credit institutions and Central Bank ...................................................................................
Assets and disposal groups held for sale ......................................................................................
Total Assets ................................................................................................................................
Other reserves ..............................................................................................................................
Retained earnings .........................................................................................................................
Total Shareholders' Equity .........................................................................................................
Total Liabilities ...........................................................................................................................
Tax liabilities .................................................................................................................................
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
Loans to customers ......................................................................................................................
Financial instruments ....................................................................................................................
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Subordinated liabilities ..................................................................................................................
Total Equity .................................................................................................................................
Total Liabilities and Equity .........................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest .................................................................................................................
Other liabilities ..............................................................................................................................
Borrowings ....................................................................................................................................
Share capital and share premium .................................................................................................
17
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
Restricted reserves
Debt invest-
Foreign
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Amounts are in ISK millions
18
Share
capital
Share
premium
Share
option
Warrants
reserve
Gain in
subs. &
assoc.,
unrealized
Gain in
securities,
unrealized
Capitalized
develop-
ment cost
ments at
fair value
thr. OCI,
unrealized
Statutory
reserve
currency
trans-
lation
reserve
Retained
earnings
Total
share-
holders'
equity
Non-
cont-
rolling
interest
Total
equity
Equity 1 January 2023 ....................
1,466
11,906
339
828
6,308
1,941
1,002
(1,383)
1,637
-
163,263
187,307
649
187,956
Net earnings .....................................
25,755
25,755
(18)
25,737
Net change in fair value ....................
697
697
697
Net realized gain transferred to P/L ..
(15)
(15)
(15)
Total comprehensive income .........
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
682
-
-
25,755
26,437
(18)
26,419
Transactions with owners
Dividend paid ..................................
(12,357)
(12,357)
(12,357)
Purchase of treasury shares ...........
(22)
(3,237)
(3,259)
(3,259)
Share option charge .......................
197
197
197
Share option vested ........................
1
295
(45)
251
251
Share option forfeited .....................
(83)
83
-
-
Incentive scheme ...........................
1
194
195
195
Warrants excercised .......................
-
30
(3)
27
27
Liquidation of a subsidiary ..............
-
(128)
(128)
Changes in reserves .......................
1,464
(479)
(122)
(862)
-
-
Equity 31 December 2023 ...............
1,446
9,188
408
825
7,772
1,462
880
(701)
1,637
-
175,881
198,798
503
199,301
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
Restricted reserves
Debt invest-
Foreign
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Amounts are in ISK millions
19
Share
capital
Share
premium
Share
option
Warrants
reserve
Gain in
subs. &
assoc.,
unrealized
Gain in
securities,
unrealized
Capitalized
develop-
ment cost
ments at
fair value
thr. OCI,
unrealized
Statutory
reserve
currency
trans-
lation
reserve
Retained
earnings
Total
share-
holders'
equity
Non-
cont-
rolling
interest
Total
equity
Equity 1 January 2022 ....................
1,518
21,166
99
828
7,245
3,166
1,124
(1,937)
1,637
676
158,403
193,925
673
194,598
Impact of adopting IFRS 17 1 Jan.* ..
(917)
(917)
(917)
Restated opening balance ..............
1,518
21,166
99
828
7,245
3,166
1,124
(1,937)
1,637
676
157,486
193,008
673
193,681
Net earnings .....................................
25,982
25,982
(24)
25,958
Net change in fair value ....................
(999)
(999)
(999)
Net realized loss transferred to P/L ...
1,553
1,553
1,553
Translation difference .......................
(676)
(676)
(676)
Total comprehensive income .........
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
554
-
(676)
25,982
25,860
(24)
25,836
Transactions with owners
Dividend paid ..................................
(22,489)
(22,489)
(22,489)
Purchase of treasury shares ...........
(58)
(9,793)
(9,851)
(9,851)
Share option charge .......................
279
279
279
Share option vested ........................
3
349
(38)
314
314
Incentive scheme ...........................
1
184
185
185
Changes in reserves .......................
(937)
(1,225)
(122)
2,284
-
-
Equity 31 December 2022 ...............
1,466
11,906
339
828
6,308
1,941
1,002
(1,383)
1,637
-
163,263
187,307
649
187,956
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Operating activities
2023 2022*
25,737 25,958
(31,229) (30,399)
1,857 181
(46,794) (123,341)
(10,807) 33,902
13,737 123,959
96,849 66,516
(52,369) (33,006)
285 363
(8,633) (6,741)
(11,367) 57,392
Investing activities
- 16,841
(72) (90)
(470) (416)
22 1,085
(457) (357)
(977) 17,063
Financing activities
(12,357) (22,489)
(3,259) (9,851)
- 12,100
(6,586) -
27 -
251 315
(128) -
(22,052) (19,925)
(34,396) 54,530
150,131 90,678
(742) 4,923
114,993 150,131
Cash and cash equivalents
102,095 114,118
28,624 43,433
(15,726) (7,420)
114,993 150,131
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
** Interest paid includes interest on deposits at the end of the year.
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Cash flows
Net earnings ..............................................................................................................................................................
Non-cash items included in net earnings ...................................................................................................................
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Interest received ........................................................................................................................................................
Acquisition of intangible assets ..................................................................................................................................
Mandatory reserve deposit with Central Bank ............................................................................................................
Cash and balances with Central Bank ........................................................................................................................
Proceeds from sales of subsidiaries and associates ..................................................................................................
Other changes in operating assets and liabilities ....................................................................................................
Proceeds from vested share option ...........................................................................................................................
Dividend received ......................................................................................................................................................
Income tax paid .........................................................................................................................................................
Purchase of treasury stock ........................................................................................................................................
Dividend paid to shareholders of Arion Bank .............................................................................................................
Issued subordinated liabilities ....................................................................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents .....................................................................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents .....................................................................................................................................
Warrants excercised ..................................................................................................................................................
Interest paid** ............................................................................................................................................................
Net cash (to) from investing activities ....................................................................................................................
Settlement of subordinated liabilty .............................................................................................................................
Liquidation of subsidiaries ..............................................................................................................................
Bank accounts ...........................................................................................................................................................
Financial instruments and financial liabilities at fair value .......................................................................................
Loans to credit institutions, excluding bank accounts ..............................................................................................
Loans to customers ................................................................................................................................................
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ..........................................................................................................
Acquisition of property and equipment .......................................................................................................................
Net cash (to) from operating activities ...................................................................................................................
Acquisition of associates ...........................................................................................................................................
20
Net cash used in financing activities ......................................................................................................................
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ..............................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents at beginnning of the year ................................................................................................
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalent ..................................................................................
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
page page
General information
Basis of preparation .......................................................... 22 Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities .............. 43
Changes in accounting policies ......................................... 23 Investment in associates .................................................. 43
Significant accounting estimates and judgments Intangible assets .............................................................. 44
in applying accounting policies ....................................... 24 Tax assets and tax liabilities ............................................. 45
The Group ......................................................................... 24 Assets and disposal groups held for sale
and associated liabilities ................................................ 45
Operating segment reporting Other assets ..................................................................... 46
Operating segments .......................................................... 25 Other liabilities .................................................................. 46
Borrowings ....................................................................... 47
Quarterly statements Subordinated liabilities ...................................................... 47
Operations by quarters ...................................................... 28 Liabilities arising from financial activities ........................... 48
Pledged assets ................................................................. 48
Notes to the Consolidated Income Statement Equity ............................................................................... 49
Net interest income ........................................................... 29
Net fee and commission income ....................................... 30 Other information
Insurance service results .................................................. 30 Shareholders of Arion Bank .............................................. 50
Net financial income .......................................................... 31 Legal matters .................................................................... 50
Other operating income ..................................................... 31 Events after the reporting period ....................................... 51
Operating expenses .......................................................... 32
Personnel and salaries ...................................................... 32 Off Balance sheet information
Other operating expense ................................................... 33 Commitments ................................................................... 52
Bank levy .......................................................................... 33 Assets under management and under custody ................. 52
Net impairment .................................................................. 33
Income tax expense .......................................................... 34 Related party
Discontinued operations held for sale, net of income tax ... 34 Related party .................................................................... 52
Earnings per share ............................................................ 34
Risk management disclosures
Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Credit risk ......................................................................... 54
Financial Position Market risk ........................................................................ 66
Cash and balances with Central Bank ............................... 35 Liquidity and Funding risk ................................................. 72
Loans to credit institutions ................................................. 35 Capital management ........................................................ 76
Loans to customers ........................................................... 35 Operational risk ................................................................ 78
Financial instruments ........................................................ 35 Sustainability risk .............................................................. 79
Financial assets and financial liabilities ............................. 36
Fair value hierarchy ........................................................... 38 Significant accounting policies 80
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Contents
21
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
General information
1. Basis of preparation
Statement of compliance
Basis of measurement
Functional and presentation currency
Comparative figures
The Group adopted IFRS 17 Insurance contracts as of 1 January 2023 for the operation of the Bank's insurance subsidiary Vördur. As a
result, the Group has restated relevant comparative figures of the Consolidated Income Statement for the year 2022 and the Consolidated
Statement of financial position as of 1 January 2022, see Note 2 for further details.
The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in Icelandic krona (ISK), which is the Parent Company's functional currency, rounded
to the nearest million, unless otherwise stated. At the end of the year the exchange rate of the ISK against USD was 135.82 and 150.13 for
EUR (31.12.2022: USD 141.80 and EUR 151.50).
- investment properties are measured at fair value; and
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The same accounting policies, presentation and methods of computation are followed in these Consolidated Financial Statements as were
applied in the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2022.
- bonds and debt instruments, shares and equity instruments, short positions in listed bonds and equities and derivatives. For details on the
accounting policy, see Note 59;
Arion Bank hf., the Parent Company, was established on 18 October 2008 and is incorporated and domiciled in Iceland. The registered office
of Arion Bank hf. is located at Borgartún 19, Reykjavík. The Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023
comprise the Parent Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as "the Group").
The Consolidated Financial Statements were approved and authorized for publication by the Board of Directors of Arion Bank on 7 February
2024.
In preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Group has applied the concept of materiality to the presentation and level of
disclosure. Only essential and mandatory information is disclosed which is relevant to an understanding by the reader of the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as
adopted by the European Union and additional requirements in the Icelandic Financial Statements Act, Financial Undertakings Act and rules
on Accounting for Credit Institutions.
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for the following:
- non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale are stated at the lower of their carrying amounts and fair value, less cost to sell.
22
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
2. Changes in accounting policies
IFRS 17
The Group has not early adopted any standards, interpretations or amendments that have been issued but are not effective.
The Group applies IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts from 1 January 2023 for its insurance subsidiary Vördur. IFRS 17 replaces IFRS 4
Insurance Contracts and sets out new principles for recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosures of insurance contracts and
mainly results in reclassifications within the Consolidated Financial Statements. The transition to IFRS 17 does not affect the Group’s capital
ratios.
The Group applied the full retrospective approach when adopting IFRS 17. Under the full retrospective approach the Group indentified,
recognised and measured each group of insurance and reinsurance contract as if the standard had always been applied and recognises the
net difference of ISK 917 million as a deduction of equity as of 1 January 2022 and ISK 542 million increase in net earnings in 2022, which
results in a net ISK 375 million change to equity as of 1 January 2023. Amended interim disclosures have been provided for the year 2022,
where applicable.
The effects of the adoption of IFRS 17 on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position at 1 January 2022 is as follows.
Impacts31.12.2021due to 1.1.2022IFRS 4 IFRS 17 IFRS 17Other assets................................................................................................................................................................19,901 (3,154) 16,747 Other liabilities............................................................................................................................................................37,151 (2,237) 34,914 Retained earnings.......................................................................................................................................................158,403 (917) 157,486 The Group has restated comparative figures in the Consolidated Income Statement for the year 2022 as follows.
Impacts Restated2022 due to 2022IFRS 4 IFRS 17 IFRS 17Interest income ..........................................................................................................................................................83,591 (76) 83,515 Interest expense .........................................................................................................................................................(43,314) - (43,314)Net interest income...................................................................................................................................................40,277 (76) 40,201 Fee and commission income .....................................................................................................................................18,728 13 18,741 Fee and commission expense ...................................................................................................................................(2,663) 371 (2,292)Net fee and commission income.............................................................................................................................16,065 384 16,449 Insurance revenue .....................................................................................................................................................2,614 12,491 15,105 Insurance service expenses ......................................................................................................................................(14,490) (14,490)Insurance service results (Net insurance income)................................................................................................2,614 (1,999) 615 Net financial income ..................................................................................................................................................(3,095) (191) (3,286)Other operating income .............................................................................................................................................1,337 (23) 1,314 Other net operating income.....................................................................................................................................(1,758) (214) (1,972)Operating income.....................................................................................................................................................57,198 (1,905) 55,293 Operating expenses ...................................................................................................................................................(26,911) 2,582 (24,329)Bank levy ...................................................................................................................................................................(1,749) - (1,749)Net impairment ..........................................................................................................................................................144 - 144 Earnings before income tax.....................................................................................................................................28,682 677 29,359 Income tax expense ...................................................................................................................................................(9,809) (135) (9,944)Net earnings from continuing operations..............................................................................................................18,873 542 19,415 Discontinued operations held for sale, net of income tax ..........................................................................................6,543 - 6,543 Net earnings..............................................................................................................................................................25,416 542 25,958
23
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
3. Significant accounting estimates and judgements in applying accounting policies
Estimates and assumptions
Impairment of financial assets
Macroeconomic outlook
Impairment of intangible assets
Revaluation of investment properties
4. The Group
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The book value of financial assets which fall under the impairment requirements of IFRS 9 are presented net of expected credit losses in
the statement of financial position. On a monthly basis expected credit losses for stages 1 and 2 are recalculated for each asset, the
calculations are based on PD, LGD and EAD models. Stage 3 calculations are based on LGD and EAD parameters. In addition to the
model outcomes, the assessment of expected credit losses is based on three key factors: management's assumptions regarding the
development of macroeconomic factors over the next five years, how those factors affect each model and how to estimate a significant
increase in credit risk. The assumptions for macroeconomic development are incorporated into each model for three scenarios: a base
case, an optimistic case, and a pessimistic case. Management estimates the probability weight for each scenario used for calculations of
the probability weighted expected credit losses. The amount of expected credit losses to be recognized is dependent on the Bank's
definition of significant increase in credit risk, which controls the impairment stage each asset is allocated to. Management has estimated
factors to measure significant increase in credit risk from origination, by comparison of changes in PD values, annualized lifetime PD
values, days past due and watch list. For further information see Note 59.
The carrying amounts of goodwill, infrastructure and customer relationship and related agreements are reviewed annually to determine
whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists the asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss
is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in the Consolidated
Income Statement. The recoverable amount of an asset is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less cost to sell. In assessing
value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market
assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.
The Group carries its investment properties at fair value, with changes in fair value being recognized in the statement of profit or loss. For
investment properties, either a valuation methodology based on present value calculations is used, as there is a lack of comparable market
data because of the nature of the properties, or the investment properties are valued by reference to transactions involving properties of a
similar nature, location and condition.
The Icelandic economy has proven resilient during a period of challenging conditions characterized by persistent high inflation and high
interest rates following a sharp rise post-Covid. Having peaked at 10.2% in February 2023, inflation appears to be subsiding but at 7.7% it
is still well above the Central Bank’s inflation target of 2.5%. While private consumption has softened and unemployment begun to rise
slightly, neither development is likely to accelerate in a materially adverse manner. Despite the increased cost of borrowing, demographic
considerations have counteracted downward pressures on house prices resulting in only a modest reduction in real terms which is expected
to continue in the near to medium term. Ongoing seismic and volcanic activity in the Reykjanes peninsula is a source of uncertainty and
may necessitate material fiscal intervention by authorities.
In September 2023 VISA Ísland ehf. sold its entire shareholding in Visa Inc. with minor effects on the Consolidated Income Statement.
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect
the reported amount of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, as well as the disclosure of
contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the
carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk
of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The
Group based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statement were
prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or
circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Group. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
Landey ehf. holds a 51% shareholding in its subsidiary Arnarland ehf. and recognizes minority interest accordingly.
Shares in the main subsidiaries in which Arion Bank holds a direct interestEquity interestOperating activityCurrency 2023 2022Eignabjarg ehf., Borgartún 19, Reykjavík, Iceland .............................................Holding companyISK 100.0% 100.0% Landey ehf., Borgartún 19, Reykjavík, Iceland ..................................................Real estateISK 100.0% 100.0% Leiguskjól ehf., Bjargargata 1, Reykjavík, Iceland .............................................Rental guaranteeISK 51.0% 51.0% Stefnir hf., Borgartún 19, Reykjavík, Iceland .....................................................Asset managementISK 100.0% 100.0% VISA Ísland ehf., Borgartún 19, Reykjavík, Iceland ...........................................Holding companyISK 100.0% 100.0% Vördur tryggingar hf., Borgartún 19, Reykjavík, Iceland ....................................InsuranceISK 100.0% 100.0%
24
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Operating segment reporting
5. Operating segments
Markets & Stefnir
Corporate & Investment Banking (CIB)
Retail Banking
Treasury
Other subsidiaries
Supporting units
Supporting units include the Bank's headquarters which carry out support functions such as the CEO office, Risk Management, Finance
(excluding Treasury), IT, Operations and Culture (new supporting unit in 2023) and Customer Experience. The information presented
relating to the supporting units does not represent an operating segment. A significant proportion of expenses from support functions is
allocated to operating segments in a separate line in the operating segment overview.
The individuals segment of the insurance subsidiary Vördur is part of Retail Banking.
Subsidiaries include the subsidiaries Landey ehf., which holds the main part of the Group's investment property and the holding company
VISA Ísland ehf. and other smaller entities of the Group. The subsidiaries Stakksberg and Sólbjarg (both subsidiaries of Eignabjarg) are
classified as disposal groups held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5.
Segment information is presented in respect of the Group's operating segments and is based on the Group's management and internal
reporting structure. The business units are segmented according to customers, products and services characteristics. Segment
performance is evaluated based on earnings before tax.
Inter segment pricing is determined on an arm's length basis. Operating segments pay and receive interest to and from Treasury on an
arm's length basis to reflect the allocation of capital, funding cost and relevant risk premium.
Treasury is responsible for the Bank's funding, liquidity and asset-and-liability management. Treasury oversees the internal funds‘s transfer
pricing and manages the relationship with investors, credit rating agencies and financial institutions. Market making activities in domestic
securities and FX as well as FX brokerage sits within Treasury.
Corporate Banking's experienced account managers specialize in key economic sectors such as retail and services, seafood, energy and
real estate. The division serves companies ranging from SMEs to large cap´s and provides full range lending and insurance products,
including guarantees, deposit accounts, payment solutions, and a variety of value-added digital solutions. The Corporate portfolio
composition is diversified between sectors, customers and currencies which include international exposures, partly through syndicates with
other Icelandic or international banks.
Arion Bank‘s Corporate Finance works closely with Corporate Banking and provides the Bank’s clients with comprehensive financial
advisory services, with a key focus on M&A advisory, private placements, IPOs and other offerings of securities.
Retail Banking provides a diverse range of financial services in 13 branches and service points across Iceland in addition to service centre
and digital solutions both in the Arion app and online banking. These services include deposits and loans, savings, payment cards,
pensions, insurance, securities and funds. In order to improve efficiency the branch network is split into four regions, and smaller branches
can therefore benefit from the strength of larger units within each region.
Markets & Stefnir comprise Asset Management and Capital Markets. Asset Management manages financial assets on behalf of its
customers according to a pre-determined investment strategy. Asset Management also administers pension funds. Asset management
comprises Institutional Asset Management, Premia Service for extensive banking clients, Private Banking and Pension Fund
Administration. The operation of Stefnir hf. is presented under the segment. Stefnir hf. is an independently operating financial company
owned by Arion Bank and manages a broad range of mutual funds, investment funds and institutional investor funds. Markets also offers
comprehensive selection off funds from some of the leading international fund management companies. Capital Markets is a securities
brokerage and brokers listed securities transactions for the Bank’s international and domestic clients on all the world’s major securities
exchanges.
Corporate & Investment Banking provides comprehensive financial services to companies and investors with focus on meeting the needs of
each client, both in Iceland and internationally. The division is divided into Corporate Banking and Corporate Finance.
The corporate segment of the insurance subsidiary Vördur is part of Corporate & Investment Banking.
25
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
5. Operating segments, continued
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Retail Subsidi- Supporting2023 CIB Banking aries excl. unitsMarkets including including Stefnir and elimi-Income Statement and Stefnir insurance insurance Treasury and Vördur nations TotalNet interest income ..........................................................................1,011 20,989 19,504 3,394 (251) 38 44,685 Net fee and commission income .....................................................5,494 4,906 4,612 771 169 437 16,389 Insurance service results .................................................................- (508) 718 - - (58) 152 Net financial income ........................................................................74 687 783 (91) (65) (22) 1,366Other operating income ...................................................................6 (7) 41 6 1,627 (84) 1,589Operating income ..........................................................................6,585 26,067 25,658 4,080 1,480 311 64,181 Operating expenses ........................................................................(2,714) (1,479) (3,759) (757) (397) (16,595) (25,701)Allocated expenses .........................................................................(2,352) (4,141) (8,582) (1,252) (67) 16,394 - Bank levy .........................................................................................(44) (586) (823) (353) - 10 (1,796)Net impairment ................................................................................(13) (950) (526) 6 128 7 (1,348)Earnings before income tax ..........................................................1,462 18,911 11,968 1,724 1,144 127 35,336 Net seg. rev. from ext. customers ....................................................2,005 36,578 49,681 (25,844) 1,747 14 64,181 Net seg. rev. from other segments ..................................................4,580 (10,511) (24,023) 29,924 (267) 297 - Operating income ..........................................................................6,585 26,067 25,658 4,080 1,480 311 64,181 Balance SheetLoans to customers .........................................................................4,690 474,382 674,364 4 - (651) 1,152,789Financial instruments ......................................................................27,538 11,168 21,342 148,612 107 (3,061) 205,706 Other external assets ......................................................................6,507 1,358 6,088 119,912 12,437 20,875 167,177 Internal assets .................................................................................57,584 - - 286,793 5,189 (349,566) - Total assets ....................................................................................96,319 486,908 701,794 555,321 17,733 (332,403) 1,525,672 Deposits ...........................................................................................84,424 309,145 362,517 40,257 - (3,633) 792,710 Other external liabilities ...................................................................3,078 8,796 17,762 474,624 8,605 20,796 533,661 Internal liabilities ..............................................................................- 87,543 262,023 - - (349,566) - Total liabilities ................................................................................87,502 405,484 642,302 514,881 8,605 (332,403) 1,326,371 Allocated equity .............................................................................8,817 81,424 59,492 40,440 9,128 - 199,301
26
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
5. Operating segments, continued
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Income taxes and discontinued operations held for sale are excluded from the profit and loss segment information.
RetailSubsidi- Supporting2022* CIB Banking aries excl. unitsMarkets including including Stefnir and elimi-Income Statement and Stefnir insurance insurance Treasury and Vördur nations TotalNet interest income ..........................................................................3,033 20,061 19,626 (2,363) (65) (91) 40,201 Net fee and commission income .....................................................5,768 5,504 4,960 728 (592) 81 16,449 Insurance service results .................................................................- (639) 1,263 - (2) (7) 615 Net financial income ........................................................................(44) (168) (709) (2,819) 685 (231) (3,286)Other operating income ...................................................................11 107 120 2 52 1,022 1,314 Operating income ..........................................................................8,768 24,865 25,260 (4,452) 78 774 55,293 Operating expenses ........................................................................(2,282) (1,782) (3,675) (646) (279) (15,665) (24,329)Allocated expenses .........................................................................(2,001) (3,786) (7,881) (1,257) (31) 14,956 - Bank levy .........................................................................................(67) (557) (817) (319) - 11 (1,749)Net impairment ................................................................................- 546 185 - 373 (960) 144 Earnings (loss) before income tax ...............................................4,418 19,286 13,072 (6,674) 141 (884) 29,359 Net seg. rev. from ext. customers ....................................................3,030 27,367 44,596 (21,466) 898 868 55,293 Net seg. rev. from other segments ..................................................5,738 (2,502) (19,336) 17,014 (820) (94) - Operating income ..........................................................................8,768 24,865 25,260 (4,452) 78 774 55,293 - - Balance SheetLoans to customers .........................................................................622 445,748 638,916 90 74 (693) 1,084,757 Financial instruments ......................................................................32,204 7,886 19,362 134,729 1,869 (2,721) 193,329 Other external assets ......................................................................6,333 3,272 5,834 121,362 23,530 27,192 187,523 Internal assets .................................................................................56,949 - - 293,393 - (350,342) - Total assets ....................................................................................96,108 456,906 664,112 549,574 25,473 (326,564) 1,465,609 Deposits ...........................................................................................84,395 271,929 330,393 72,979 - (4,335) 755,361 Other external liabilities ...................................................................2,783 15,464 16,327 451,460 8,145 28,113 522,292 Internal liabilities ..............................................................................- 92,465 257,877 - - (350,342) - Total liabilities ................................................................................87,178 379,858 604,597 524,439 8,145 (326,564) 1,277,653 Allocated equity .............................................................................56,608 826 67,914 34,490 34,812 4,061 8,930 77,048 59,516 25,135 17,328 - 187,956
27
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Notes to the Consolidated Income Statement
Quarterly statements
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
6. Operations by quarters, unaudited2023 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 TotalNet interest income .................................................................................................................10,994 11,426 10,918 11,347 44,685 Net fee and commission income .............................................................................................4,451 4,187 3,848 3,903 16,389 Insurance service results ........................................................................................................(721) 762 395 (284) 152 Net financial income ...............................................................................................................796 (617) (183) 1,370 1,366 Other operating income ..........................................................................................................19 1,586 8 (24) 1,589 Operating income ..................................................................................................................15,539 17,344 14,986 16,312 64,181 Operating expenses ................................................................................................................(6,470) (6,009) (5,392) (7,830) (25,701)Bank levy ................................................................................................................................(449) (457) (468) (422) (1,796)Net impairment .......................................................................................................................(52) (568) (741) 13 (1,348)Earnings before income tax .................................................................................................8,568 10,310 8,385 8,073 35,336 Income tax expense ...............................................................................................................(2,287) (3,226) (2,274) (1,808) (9,595)Net earnings from continuing operations ...........................................................................6,281 7,084 6,111 6,265 25,741 Discontinued operations, net of tax .........................................................................................10 7 20 (41) (4)Net earnings ..........................................................................................................................6,291 7,091 6,131 6,224 25,737
The half-year results were reviewed by the Bank's auditors. Other quarterly statements and the split between quarters were not audited or reviewed by
the Bank's auditors.
2022*Net interest income .................................................................................................................9,476 9,745 10,357 10,623 40,201 Net fee and commission income .............................................................................................3,556 4,582 4,057 4,254 16,449 Insurance service results ........................................................................................................(564) 924 487 (232) 615 Net financial income ...............................................................................................................1,120 (2,878) (1,476) (52) (3,286)Other operating income ..........................................................................................................432 732 98 52 1,314 Operating income ..................................................................................................................14,020 13,105 13,523 14,645 55,293 Operating expenses ................................................................................................................(5,577) (6,056) (5,222) (7,474) (24,329)Bank levy ................................................................................................................................(393) (416) (444) (496) (1,749)Net impairment .......................................................................................................................(495) 186 42 411 144 Earnings before income tax .................................................................................................7,555 6,819 7,899 7,086 29,359 Income tax expense ...............................................................................................................(1,716) (3,588) (2,885) (1,755) (9,944)Net earnings from continuing operations ...........................................................................5,839 3,231 5,014 5,331 19,415 Discontinued operations, net of tax .........................................................................................96 6,819 (6) (366) 6,543 Net earnings ..........................................................................................................................5,935 10,050 5,008 4,965 25,958
28
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
7. Net interest income
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Interest spread
2023 2022
3.1% 3.1%
Interest spread (the ratio of net interest income to the average carrying amount of interest bearing assets) ...................................
2023 Amortized Fair value Fair valueInterest incomecost thr. P/L thr. OCI TotalCash and balances with Central Bank ........................................................................................................5,747 - - 5,747 Loans to credit institutions ..........................................................................................................................1,462 13 - 1,475 Loans to customers ....................................................................................................................................109,260 - - 109,260 Securities ....................................................................................................................................................- 1,589 4,983 6,572 Other ...........................................................................................................................................................62 - - 62 Interest income .........................................................................................................................................116,531 1,602 4,983 123,116 Interest expenseDeposits ......................................................................................................................................................(46,268) - - (46,268)Borrowings ..................................................................................................................................................(22,189) (5,176) - (27,365)Subordinated liabilities ................................................................................................................................(4,107) (544) - (4,651)Other ...........................................................................................................................................................(147) - - (147)Interest expense .......................................................................................................................................(72,711) (5,720) - (78,431)Net interest income ..................................................................................................................................43,820 (4,118) 4,983 44,685
Net interest income calculated using the effective interest rate method were ISK 117,334 million (2022: ISK 83,331 million).
2022*Interest incomeCash and balances with Central Bank ........................................................................................................3,334 - - 3,334 Loans to credit institutions ..........................................................................................................................218 80 - 298 Loans to customers ....................................................................................................................................76,761 - - 76,761 Securities ....................................................................................................................................................- 446 2,542 2,988 Other ...........................................................................................................................................................134 - - 134 Interest income .........................................................................................................................................80,447 526 2,542 83,515 Interest expenseDeposits ......................................................................................................................................................(22,751) - - (22,751)Borrowings ..................................................................................................................................................(18,027) - - (18,027)Subordinated liabilities ................................................................................................................................(2,338) - - (2,338)Other ...........................................................................................................................................................(198) - - (198)Interest expense .......................................................................................................................................(43,314) - - (43,314)Net interest income ..................................................................................................................................37,133 526 2,542 40,201
29
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
8. Net fee and commission income
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
9. Insurance service results
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Operation results of Vördur
Combined ratio
97.0% 93.3%
Vördur's operation resulted in a profit of ISK 840 million with a return on equity of 8.7% for the year, compared with loss of ISK 195 million in 2022 and a
negative return on equity of 2.1%.
Combined ratio of Vördur, including insurance revenue from the Group ...........................................................................................
20232022*Insurance revenue .............................................................................................................................................................................17,416 15,105 Incurred claims ...................................................................................................................................................................................(13,316) (11,310)Service expenses ...............................................................................................................................................................................(3,411) (2,978)Insurance service expenses ..............................................................................................................................................................(16,727) (14,288)Net expense from reinsurance contracts held ...................................................................................................................................(537) (202)Insurance service results ................................................................................................................................................................152 615
Fee and commission income on collection and payment services is generated billing services, such as issuing invoices and payment collection notices,
wire transfer services and other payment services.
Fee and commission income from lending and financial guarantees is mainly related to lending activities, extension fees, advisory services and
documentation, notification and payment fees plus fees from the issuing of guarantees on behalf of customers.
Other fee and commission income is mainly fees relating to sale, custody and market making on the Icelandic stock exchange.
Commission from cards and payment solutions is mainly from the Bank's issuance of credit and debit cards and other card related commission, e.g.
yearly fee on cards and transaction fees.
Asset management fees are earned by the Group for trust and fiduciary activities where the Group holds or invests assets on behalf of the customers.
20232022*Net NetIncome Expense income Income Expense incomeAsset management .............................................................................................5,473 (591) 4,882 5,433 (596) 4,837 Capital markets and corporate finance ...............................................................2,596 (36) 2,560 3,156 (43) 3,113 Lending and financial guarantees .......................................................................4,028 - 4,028 4,298 - 4,298 Collection and payment services ........................................................................1,586 (80) 1,506 1,520 (105) 1,415 Cards and payment solution ................................................................................5,523 (2,617) 2,906 3,443 (1,187) 2,256 Other ...................................................................................................................914 (776) 138 891 (680) 211 Commission expense from insurance operation .................................................- 369 369 - 319 319 Net fee and commission income .....................................................................20,120 (3,731) 16,389 18,741 (2,292) 16,449
Fee and commission income from capital markets and corporate finance includes miscellaneous corporate finance services plus commission from
capital markets relating to sales of shares, bonds, FX and derivatives.
2023 2022*Insurance service results ...................................................................................................................................................................152 615 Insurance revenue elimination ...........................................................................................................................................................386 425 Insurance service results according to the Financial Statements of Vördur ......................................................................................538 1,040 Investment return ...............................................................................................................................................................................1,080 (1,185)Net financial loss from insurance contracts .......................................................................................................................................(607) (32)Total investment return ......................................................................................................................................................................473 (1,217)Other income .....................................................................................................................................................................................11 8 Earnings before income tax ............................................................................................................................................................1,023 (169)Income tax .........................................................................................................................................................................................(183) (25)Net earnings .....................................................................................................................................................................................840 (195)
30
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Net realized loss on financial assets carried at fair value through OCI and reclassification from OCI equity reserve
11. Other operating income 2023 2022*
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Net (loss) gain on assets held for sale Net (loss) income from real estates and other assets .......................................................................................................................(8) 141 Expense related to real estates and other assets ..............................................................................................................................1 (12)Net (loss) gain on assets held for sale ...........................................................................................................................................(7) 129
Net loss on fair value hedge of interest rate swapFair value change of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments ..................................................................................6,645 (14,855)Fair value change on bonds issued by the Group attributable to interest rate risk ............................................................................(6,690) 13,947 Net loss on fair value hedge of interest rate swap ........................................................................................................................(45) (908)
Fair value changes on investment property .......................................................................................................................................1,569 24 Net (loss) gain on disposal of assets .................................................................................................................................................(1) 722 Net (loss) gain on assets held for sale ...............................................................................................................................................(7) 129 Share of (loss) profit of associates and profit from sale .....................................................................................................................(70) 270 Other income .....................................................................................................................................................................................98 169 Other operating income ...................................................................................................................................................................1,589 1,314
During the second quarter of 2022, the Bank identified an immaterial error in accounting for certain treasury bonds, classified at fair value through OCI.
From Q3 2019 the accounting for these bonds was not correct due to an implementation of a new system module at that time. The effective interest rate
on these bonds was not correctly accounted for during this period which resulted in understated OCI, overstated income statement but with net zero
effect on total equity. Management evaluated the impacts of the error for prior periods, both individually and in the aggregate, and determined that the
correction of this error was not material to any of its previously issued Financial Statements for the impacted periods on either a quantitative or qualitative
basis. This was also evaluated by the Bank’s external auditors as well as by independent third-party advisors. The impact was considered immaterial for
these applicable accounting periods with the Net Interest Margin impacted by 0bps to 10bps in a single quarter. The accumulative impact from Q3 2019
was ISK 1.9 billion which was reclassified from OCI to retained earnings through net financial income. Split between years, ISK 517 million from 2019-
2020, ISK 1,042 million from 2021 and 321 million from Q1 2022. The impact in Q2 2022 on net earnings after tax was ISK 1.4 billion but with zero effect
on total equity.
Real estates and other assets classified as assets held for sale are generally the result of foreclosures on companies and individuals.
Net loss on financial assets and financial liabilities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or lossEquity instruments .............................................................................................................................................................................586 (1,104)Debt instruments ................................................................................................................................................................................896 (654)Derivatives .........................................................................................................................................................................................(315) 1,248 Net loss on financial assets and financial liabilities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss .........................................................................................................1,167 (510)
10. Net financial income20232022*Net loss on financial assets and financial liabilities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss .....................................................................................................................................................1,167 (510)(Loss) gain on prepayments of borrowings ........................................................................................................................................(89) 14 Net (loss) gain on fair value hedge of interest rate swap ...................................................................................................................(45) (908)Net realized gain (loss) on financial assets carried at fair value through OCI and reclassification from OCI equity reserve ........................................................................................................................................20 (2,099)Net financial loss from insurance contracts .......................................................................................................................................(607) (190)Net foreign exchange gain .................................................................................................................................................................920 407 Net financial income ........................................................................................................................................................................1,366 (3,286)
31
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
12. Operating expenses 2023 2022*
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
** Additional remuneration represents Board Member compensation for their participation in Board Committees.
* Fixed remuneration represents Board Member compensation for their attendance at meetings of the Board of Directors.
Remuneration to the Board of Directors20232022Fixed Additional Fixed Additionalremuner- remuner- Pension remuner- remuner- Pensionation* ation** contribution Total ation* ation** contribution TotalBrynjólfur Bjarnason, Chairman .......................................... 13.1 10.7 2.7 26.5 12.4 9.1 1.8 23.4 Paul Richard Horner, Vice Chairman .................................. 13.6 12.0 - 25.6 12.2 10.3 - 22.5 Gunnar Sturluson, Director ................................................. 6.5 9.3 1.8 17.7 6.2 8.6 1.2 16.0 Kristín Pétursdóttir, Director ............................................... 5.2 6.1 1.3 12.6 - - - - Liv Fiksdahl, Director .......................................................... 10.0 10.7 - 20.6 9.4 9.6 - 19.0 Steinunn Kristín Thórdardóttir, Director ............................... 9.9 9.3 2.2 21.4 9.1 8.6 1.5 19.2 Alternate directors of the Board .......................................... 1.1 0.4 0.2 1.6 0.3 0.6 0.1 1.0 Total remuneration .................................................... 59.4 58.4 8.2 126.0 49.6 46.8 4.6 101.0
13. Personnel and salaries20232022Number of employeesAverage number of full-time equivalent positions during the year .....................................................................................................794 759 Full-time equivalent positions at the end of the year ..........................................................................................................................822 781
Salaries and related expensesSalaries ..............................................................................................................................................................................................11,832 10,812 Incentive scheme ...............................................................................................................................................................................1,041 1,236 Share-based payment expenses .......................................................................................................................................................197 279 Defined contribution pension plans ...................................................................................................................................................1,895 1,789 Salary-related expenses ....................................................................................................................................................................1,812 1,740 Salaries and related expenses ........................................................................................................................................................16,777 15,856
Salaries and related expenses ...........................................................................................................................................................16,777 15,856 Other operating expenses ..................................................................................................................................................................11,968 11,131 Operating expenses from insurance operation ..................................................................................................................................(3,044) (2,658)Operating expenses .........................................................................................................................................................................25,701 24,329
* Members of the Executive Committee are listed in Note 43.
The 2023 Annual General Meeting of the Bank held on 15 March 2023 approved the monthly salaries for 2023 for the Chairman, Vice Chairman and for
other Board Members of amounts ISK 1,100,000, ISK 825,000 and ISK 550,000 (2022: ISK 1,050,000; 787,500; 525,000) respectively. Alternate Board
Members receive a payment of ISK 550,000 per year and ISK 275,000 for each meeting attended (2022: ISK 262,500 per meeting, up to a maximum of
ISK 525,000 per month). Board members residing outside of Iceland receive a further ISK 350,000 for each Board meeting they attend in person. In
addition, it was approved to pay Board Members who serve on board committees of the Bank a maximum of ISK 225,000 (2022: ISK 210,000) per month
for each committee they serve on and the Chairman of the board committees ISK 337,500 (2022: ISK 315,000).
Board Members receive remuneration for their involvement in board committees. In addition to 13 Board meetings (2022: 13) during the year 7 Board
Credit Committee meetings (2022: 5), 5 Board Audit Committee meetings (2022: 6), 9 Board Risk Committee meetings (2022: 8), 5 Board Remuneration
Committee meetings (2022: 5) and 4 Board Tech committee meetings (2022: 4) were held.
Remuneration to key management personnel20232022Performance- Performance-based Pension based PensionSalaries payments contribution Total Salaries payments contribution TotalBenedikt Gíslason, CEO .................................................... 68.0 8.0 10.7 86.7 67.2 9.1 10.9 87.2 Eight members of the Executive Committee* ..................... 351.9 34.2 54.5 440.6 321.7 24.5 49.2 395.4 Former members of the Executive Comm. ......................... 10.9 6.2 2.5 19.5 28.9 13.9 6.2 49.0 Total remuneration .................................................... 430.7 48.4 67.7 546.8 417.8 47.4 66.4 531.6
32
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
13. Personnel and salaries, continued
Incentive schemes
Share-based payment expense
14. Other operating expenses 2023 2022
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
15. Bank levy
16. Net impairment
The Bank levy is 0.145% on total debts excluding tax liabilities, in excess of ISK 50 billion. The tax is assessed on Financial Undertakings but non-
financial subsidiaries are exempt from this tax.
Other value changes of loans to individuals and corporates is mainly due to release of discount from loans acquired with discount during the years 2008
to 2013, both due to impairments and other discount rate than reflected in the interest rates of the loans. The discount release was primarily related to
loans that were paid up during the year.
20232022Net impairment on financial instruments and value changes on loansNet impairment on loans to customers and financial institutions .......................................................................................................(1,735) (158)Net impairment on other financial instruments at FVOCI ...................................................................................................................2 8 Other value changes of loans - corporates ........................................................................................................................................24 137 Other value changes of loans - individuals ........................................................................................................................................361 157 Net impairment .................................................................................................................................................................................(1,348) 144
Auditor's feeAudit and review of the Consolidated Financial Statements for the relevant fiscal year ....................................................................176 168 Other audit related services for the relevant fiscal year .....................................................................................................................23 15 Other services from auditors ..............................................................................................................................................................5 6 Auditor's fee .....................................................................................................................................................................................204 189
Net impairment by customer typeIndividuals ..........................................................................................................................................................................................(417) 321 Corporates .........................................................................................................................................................................................(931) (177)Net impairment ...................................................................................................................................................................................(1,348) 144
In 2023 the Group revised the provision for the incentive scheme which resulted in a ISK 1,354 million in provision, including salary-related expenses
(2022: ISK 1,606 million). At the end of the year the Group's accrual for the incentive scheme payments amounted to ISK 2,113 million (31.12.2022: ISK
1,997 million).
Arion Bank has in place a share option plan for all employees of the Bank, Vördur and Stefnir, approved at the Banks annual general meeting. A total
expense of ISK 197 million was recognised in the Income Statement during the year (2022: ISK 256 million). Estimated remaining expenses due the
share option contracts are ISK 341 million and will be expensed over the next three years. For further information on the share option program, see Note
37.
Current incentive scheme for Arion Bank hf. and Vördur came into effect in 2021. The scheme is in compliance with the FSA’s rules on remuneration
policy for financial institutions. The scheme is split into two parts. Firstly, employees can receive up to 10% of their fixed salary for each fiscal year in the
form of a cash payment. Secondly, a limited group can receive up to 25% of their fixed salary as a payment in the form of shares in the Bank which will
be subject to a four to five year lock-up period. The key metric used to determine whether incentive scheme payments will be paid by the Bank, in part or
in full, is whether the Bank’s return on equity is higher than the weighted ROE of the Bank’s main competitors. Other supporting metrics are for example
ROE and cost-to-income ratio vs target, compliance, staff NPS etc. Stefnir hf. has a special incentive scheme where other criteria are used as a basis.
IT expenses ........................................................................................................................................................................................4,631 4,429 Professional services .........................................................................................................................................................................1,271 1,083 Marketing ...........................................................................................................................................................................................1,167 1,144 Housing expenses .............................................................................................................................................................................599 680 Other administration expenses ..........................................................................................................................................................2,414 1,938 Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund .......................................................................................................................................- 138 Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment ..................................................................................................................550 505 Depreciation of right of use asset ......................................................................................................................................................134 118 Amortization of intangible assets .......................................................................................................................................................1,202 1,096 Other operating expenses ...............................................................................................................................................................11,968 11,131
33
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
17. Income tax expense 2023 2022*
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
18. Discontinued operations held for sale, net of income tax 2023 2022
(7) 6,690
3 (147)
(4) 6,543
19. Earnings per share
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Tax exempt revenues / loss consist mainly of profit / loss from equity positions.
Financial undertakings pay 6% additional tax on taxable profit exceeding ISK 1 billion.
In 2022 Arion Bank sold its 100% shareholding in Valitor hf. The financial effects from the sale, less cost to sell, was ISK 5.6 billion and was recognized
in the Income Statement. Net earnings of Valitor was ISK 627 million.The operating effects of Sólbjarg ehf. and Stakksberg ehf. in 2022, both
subsidiaries of Eignabjarg, were mainly due to fair value changes of underlying assets.
Reconciliation of effective tax rate20232022*Earnings before income tax ........................................................................................................................35,336 29,359 Income tax using the Icelandic corporate tax rate ......................................................................................20.0% 7,067 20.0% 5,872 Additional 6% tax on Financial Undertakings .............................................................................................5.7% 2,015 5.4% 1,903 Non-deductible expenses ...........................................................................................................................0.2% 57 0.3% 103 Tax exempt revenues / loss ........................................................................................................................0.2% 69 3.7% 1,300 Non-deductible taxes (Bank levy) ...............................................................................................................1.0% 359 1.0% 350 Tax incentives not recognized in the Income Statement ............................................................................(0.5%) (161) 1.0% 353 Other changes ............................................................................................................................................0.5% 189 0.2% 63 Effective tax rate .......................................................................................................................................27.2% 9,595 33.9% 9,944
Net gain from discontinued operations held for sale ..........................................................................................................................
Income tax expense ...........................................................................................................................................................................
Discontinued operations held for sale, net of income tax ...........................................................................................................
Current tax expense ...........................................................................................................................................................................9,389 8,804 Deferred tax expense .........................................................................................................................................................................206 1,140 Income tax expense .........................................................................................................................................................................9,595 9,944
Basic earnings per share is based on net earnings attritutable to the shareholders of Arion Bank and the weighted average number of shares outstanding
during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of outstanding shares to assume conversion of all
dilutive potential ordinary shares. Arion Bank has issued warrants and stock options that have dilutive effects.
ContinuedDiscontinuedoperations operationsNet Earnings2023 2022* 2023 2022* 2023 2022*Net earnings attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank ...............................25,759 19,402 (4) 6,543 25,755 25,945 Total comprehensive income attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank .....26,441 19,306 (4) 6,543 26,437 25,849 Weighted average number of outstanding shares (millions) ...............................1,447 1,491 1,447 1,491 1,447 1,491 Weighted average number of outstanding shares including warrants and options (millions) ........................................................1,525 1,576 1,525 1,576 1,525 1,576 Basic earnings per share (ISK) ........................................................................17.80 13.01 (0.00) 4.39 17.80 17.40 Diluted earnings per share (ISK) ......................................................................16.89 12.31 (0.00) 4.15 17.00 16.46 Basic comprehensive income per share (ISK) ...............................................18.28 12.95 (0.00) 4.39 18.27 17.34 Diluted comprehensive income per share (ISK) .............................................17.34 12.25 (0.00) 4.15 17.34 16.40
34
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
20. Cash and balances with Central Bank 2023 2022
21. Loans to credit institutions 2023 2022
23. Financial instruments 2023 2022
Further analysis of loans is provided in Risk management disclosures.
The mandatory reserve deposit with the Central Bank is not available for the Group to use in its daily operations. The minimum fixed reserve requirement
of the Central Bank increased from 1% to 2% in May 2023.
The total book value of pledged loans that were pledged against amounts borrowed was ISK 359 billion at the end of the period (31.12.2022: ISK 305
billion). Pledged loans comprised mortgage loans to individuals.
Cash on hand .....................................................................................................................................................................................4,190 3,877 Cash with Central Bank .....................................................................................................................................................................82,179 102,821 Mandatory reserve deposit with Central Bank ...................................................................................................................................15,726 7,420 Cash and balances with Central Bank ...........................................................................................................................................102,095 114,118
Bank accounts ...................................................................................................................................................................................28,624 43,433 Other loans ........................................................................................................................................................................................211 2,068 Loans to credit institutions .............................................................................................................................................................28,835 45,501
Bonds and debt instruments ..............................................................................................................................................................157,197 138,174 Shares and equity instruments with variable income .........................................................................................................................17,656 17,733 Derivatives .........................................................................................................................................................................................6,602 9,516 Securities used for economic hedging ...............................................................................................................................................24,251 27,906 Financial instruments ......................................................................................................................................................................205,706 193,329
22. Loans to customersIndividualsCorporatesTotalGross Gross Grosscarrying Book carrying Book carrying Book2023 amount value amount value amount valueOverdrafts ............................................................................................................13,840 13,232 43,013 42,129 56,853 55,361 Credit cards .........................................................................................................15,972 15,783 2,062 2,010 18,034 17,793 Mortgage loans ....................................................................................................550,269 549,371 68,840 68,277 619,109 617,648 Construction loans ..............................................................................................- - 49,267 49,031 49,267 49,031 Capital lease .......................................................................................................2,352 2,331 6,893 6,832 9,245 9,163 Other loans ..........................................................................................................29,184 28,427 379,648 375,366 408,832 403,793 Loans to customers ..........................................................................................611,617 609,144 549,723 543,645 1,161,340 1,152,789 2022Overdrafts ............................................................................................................14,893 14,369 33,369 32,571 48,262 46,940 Credit cards .........................................................................................................14,304 14,155 1,838 1,792 16,142 15,947 Mortgage loans ....................................................................................................514,007 513,605 60,528 60,424 574,535 574,029 Construction loans ..............................................................................................- - 29,227 28,893 29,227 28,893 Capital lease .......................................................................................................4,107 4,089 4,163 4,131 8,270 8,220 Other loans ..........................................................................................................36,835 36,153 378,402 374,575 415,237 410,728 Loans to customers ..........................................................................................584,146 582,371 507,527 502,386 1,091,673 1,084,757
35
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
24. Financial assets and financial liabilities
* Including effect from hedge accounting derivatives.
2023Manda-Fair value torily atFinancial assetsAmortized through fair valuecost OCI thr. P/L TotalLoansCash and balances with Central Bank ........................................................................................................102,095 - - 102,095 Loans to credit institutions ..........................................................................................................................28,835 - - 28,835 Loans to customers ....................................................................................................................................1,152,789 - - 1,152,789 Loans .........................................................................................................................................................1,283,719 - - 1,283,719 Bonds and debt instrumentsListed ..........................................................................................................................................................- 129,564 27,059 156,623 Unlisted .......................................................................................................................................................- - 574 574 Bonds and debt instruments ...................................................................................................................- 129,564 27,633 157,197 Shares and equity instruments with variable incomeListed ..........................................................................................................................................................- - 7,093 7,093 Unlisted .......................................................................................................................................................- - 9,961 9,961 Bond funds with variable income, unlisted .................................................................................................- - 602 602 Shares and equity instruments with variable income ...........................................................................- - 17,656 17,656 DerivativesOTC derivatives ..........................................................................................................................................- - 4,539 4,539 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- - 2,063 2,063 Derivatives .................................................................................................................................................- - 6,602 6,602 Securities used for economic hedgingBonds and debt instruments, listed ............................................................................................................- - 2,195 2,195 Shares and equity instruments with variable income, listed .......................................................................- - 22,056 22,056 Securities used for economic hedging ...................................................................................................- - 24,251 24,251 Other financial assetsAccounts receivable ...................................................................................................................................1,765 - - 1,765 Other financial assets .................................................................................................................................10,423 - - 10,423 Other financial assets ..............................................................................................................................12,188 - - 12,188 Financial assets ........................................................................................................................................1,295,907 129,564 76,142 1,501,613 Financial liabilitiesDue to credit institutions and Central Bank ................................................................................................2,771 - - 2,771 Deposits ......................................................................................................................................................792,710 - - 792,710 Borrowings * ...............................................................................................................................................420,460 - - 420,460 Subordinated liabilities * .............................................................................................................................41,279 - - 41,279 Short position in bonds ...............................................................................................................................- - 61 61 Derivatives ..................................................................................................................................................- - 2,332 2,332 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- - 9,253 9,253 Other financial liabilities ..............................................................................................................................10,790 - - 10,790 Financial liabilities ....................................................................................................................................1,268,010 - 11,646 1,279,656
36
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
24. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
** Including effect from hedge accounting derivatives.
2022*Manda-Fair value torily atFinancial assets Amortized through fair valuecost OCI thr. P/L TotalLoansCash and balances with Central Bank ........................................................................................................114,118 - - 114,118 Loans to credit institutions ..........................................................................................................................43,433 - 2,068 45,501 Loans to customers ....................................................................................................................................1,084,757 - - 1,084,757 Loans .........................................................................................................................................................1,242,308 - 2,068 1,244,376 Bonds and debt instrumentsListed ..........................................................................................................................................................- 115,806 21,390 137,196 Unlisted .......................................................................................................................................................- - 978 978 Bonds and debt instruments ...................................................................................................................- 115,806 22,368 138,174 Shares and equity instruments with variable incomeListed ..........................................................................................................................................................- - 6,429 6,429 Unlisted .......................................................................................................................................................- - 9,709 9,709 Bond funds with variable income, unlisted .................................................................................................- - 1,595 1,595 Shares and equity instruments with variable income ...........................................................................- - 17,733 17,733 DerivativesOTC derivatives ..........................................................................................................................................- - 9,448 9,448 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- - 68 68 Derivatives .................................................................................................................................................- - 9,516 9,516 Securities used for economic hedgingBonds and debt instruments, listed ............................................................................................................- - 3,890 3,890 Shares and equity instruments with variable income, listed .......................................................................- - 24,016 24,016 Securities used for economic hedging ...................................................................................................- - 27,906 27,906 Other financial assetsAccounts receivable ...................................................................................................................................1,308 - - 1,308 Other financial assets .................................................................................................................................3,412 - - 3,412 Other financial assets ..............................................................................................................................4,720 - - 4,720 Financial assets ........................................................................................................................................1,247,028 115,806 79,591 1,442,425 Financial liabilitiesDue to credit institutions and Central Bank ................................................................................................11,697 - - 11,697 Deposits ......................................................................................................................................................755,361 - - 755,361 Borrowings ** ..............................................................................................................................................392,563 - - 392,563 Subordinated liabilities ** ............................................................................................................................47,331 - - 47,331 Short position in equity used for economic hedging ...................................................................................- - 11 11 Derivatives ..................................................................................................................................................- - 4,730 4,730 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- - 16,256 16,256 Other financial liabilities ..............................................................................................................................6,527 - - 6,527 Financial liabilities ....................................................................................................................................1,213,479 - 20,997 1,234,476
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
37
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
24. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
25. Fair value hierarchy
Level 2: valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are market observable, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3: valuation techniques which include significant inputs that are not based on observable market data.
For assets and liabilities that are recognized at fair value on a recurring basis, the Group determines whether transfers have occurred between Levels in
the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of
each reporting period.
Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value by level of the fair value hierarchy
The total amount of pledged bonds was ISK 3.0 billion at the end of the year (31.12.2022: ISK 3.6 billion). Pledged bonds comprised Icelandic
Government Bonds that were pledged against funding received and included in Due to credit institutions and Central Bank as well as short positions
included in Financial liabilities at fair value.
The Group uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of assets and liabilities by valuation technique:
Level 1: quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
2023Assets at fair valueLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalBonds and debt instruments .......................................................................................................................153,485 3,685 27 157,197 Shares and equity instruments with variable income .................................................................................7,082 6,979 3,595 17,656 Derivatives ..................................................................................................................................................- 4,539 - 4,539 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- 2,063 - 2,063 Securities used for economic hedging ........................................................................................................23,848 403 - 24,251 Investment property ....................................................................................................................................- - 9,493 9,493 Assets at fair value ...................................................................................................................................184,415 17,669 13,115 215,199 Liabilities at fair valueShort position in bonds ...............................................................................................................................61 - - 61 Derivatives ..................................................................................................................................................- 2,332 - 2,332 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- 9,253 - 9,253 Liabilities at fair value ..............................................................................................................................61 11,585 - 11,646
Manda-Fair value torily atBonds and debt instruments measured at fair value, specified by issuerthrough fair valueOCI thr. P/L Total2023Financial and insurance activities ..................................................................................................................................1,386 10,363 11,749 Public sector ...................................................................................................................................................................128,178 14,077 142,255 Corporates ......................................................................................................................................................................- 3,193 3,193 Bonds and debt instruments at fair value ..................................................................................................................129,564 27,633 157,197 2022Financial and insurance activities ..................................................................................................................................18,898 9,967 28,865 Public sector ...................................................................................................................................................................96,908 9,319 106,227 Corporates ......................................................................................................................................................................- 3,082 3,082 Bonds and debt instruments at fair value ..................................................................................................................115,806 22,368 138,174
38
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
25. Fair value hierarchy, continued
Methods for establishing fair value
The best evidence of the fair value of an asset and liability at initial recognition is the transaction price, unless the fair value can be evidenced by
comparison with other observable current market transactions, or is based on a valuation technique whose variables include only data from observable
markets.
The fair value of asset and liabilities is the amount at which the asset and liability could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, i.e.
not during a forced sale or liquidation. The existence of published price quotations in an active market is the best evidence of fair value and when they
exist they are used by the Group to measure assets and liabilities. If quoted prices for an asset fail to represent actual and regularly occurring
transactions in active market transactions or if quoted prices are not available at all, fair value is established by using an appropriate valuation technique.
For listed and liquid stocks and bonds, certain financial derivatives and other market traded securities, the fair value is derived directly from quoted
market prices. These instruments are disclosed under Financial instruments and Financial liabilities at fair value in the Statement of Financial Position.
In some cases, the carrying value of an asset in Note 24 is used as an approximation for the fair value of the asset. This is straight forward for cash and
cash equivalents but is also used for short term investments and borrowings to highly rated counterparties, such as credit institutions, on contracts that
feature interest close to or equal to market rates and expose the Group to little or no credit risk.
For assets and liabilities, for which the market is not active, the Group applies valuation techniques to attain a fair value using as much market
information as available. Valuation techniques include using recent market transactions between knowledgeable and willing parties, if available,
reference to current fair value of another instrument that is substantially the same, discounted cash flow analysis, option pricing models or other
commonly accepted valuation techniques used by market participants to price the instrument.
Level 2: Fair value established using valuation techniques with observable market information
Level 2 instruments include unlisted shares, unlisted funds with underlying bonds and equity holdings (share certificates), unlisted and less liquid listed
bonds and all OTC derivatives.
In most cases the valuation is based on theoretical financial models, such as the Black Scholes model or variations thereof. These techniques also
include forward pricing and swap models using present value calculations.
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Transfers from Level 1 to Level 2 amounted to ISK 697 million during the year (2022: Transfers from Level 1 to Level 2 ISK 1,098 million).
2022Assets at fair valueLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalLoans to credit institutions ..........................................................................................................................- 2,068 - 2,068 Bonds and debt instruments .......................................................................................................................135,126 2,946 102 138,174 Shares and equity instruments with variable income .................................................................................5,214 10,587 1,932 17,733 Derivatives ..................................................................................................................................................- 9,448 - 9,448 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- 68 - 68 Securities used for economic hedging ........................................................................................................27,906 - - 27,906 Investment property ....................................................................................................................................- - 7,862 7,862 Assets at fair value ...................................................................................................................................168,246 25,117 9,896 203,259 Liabilities at fair valueShort position in equity used for economic hedging ...................................................................................11 - - 11 Derivatives ..................................................................................................................................................- 4,730 - 4,730 Derivatives used for hedge accounting ......................................................................................................- 16,256 - 16,256 Liabilities at fair value ..............................................................................................................................11 20,986 - 20,997
Level 1: Fair value established from quoted market prices
For assets and liabilities for which quoted prices on active markets are not available, the fair value is derived using various valuation techniques. This
applies in particular to OTC derivatives such as options, swaps, futures and unlisted equities but also some other assets and liabilities.
39
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
25. Fair value hierarchy, continued
Level 3: Fair value established using valuation techniques with significant unobservable market information
Equity instruments that do not have a quoted market price are evaluated using methods and guidelines from pertinent international organizations. In
most cases intrinsic value is the basis for the assessment but other factors, such as cash flow analysis, can also modify the results.
The Group applies management valuation for determining fair value of investment properties. Management valuation is either based on recent
transactions and offers for similar assets or present value calculations which involve estimation of future cash flow and the assessment of appropriate
discount rate.
In some cases there is little or no market data to rely on for fair value calculations. The most common valuation technique is present value calculations.
Such calculations involve the estimation of future cash flow and the assessment of appropriate discount rate. The discount rate should both reflect
current market rates and the uncertainty in the future cash flow. In such cases internal models and methods are used to calculate the fair value. The
models may be statistical in nature, based on internal or external history of assets with similar characteristics and/or based on internal knowledge and
experience. For example, the credit margin on most loans to customers which, is added to the current and suitable interest rate to arrive at an
appropriate discount rate, is estimated using credit rating and loss parameters in case of default that have been derived from internal models.
Movements in Level 3 assets measured at fair valueInvestmentFinancial assetspropertyBonds Shares Total2023Balance at the beginning of the year ..........................................................................................................7,862 102 1,932 9,896 Net fair value changes ................................................................................................................................1,569 (72) 652 2,149 Additions .....................................................................................................................................................62 - 1,858 1,920 Disposals ....................................................................................................................................................- (3) (975) (978)Transfers into Level 3 .................................................................................................................................- - 128 128 Balance at the end of the year .................................................................................................................9,493 27 3,595 13,115 2022Balance at the beginning of the year ..........................................................................................................6,560 97 3,808 10,465 Net fair value changes ................................................................................................................................26 6 135 167 Additions .....................................................................................................................................................49 - 29 78 Disposals ....................................................................................................................................................(7) (1) (1,907) (1,915)Transfers from held for sale assets ............................................................................................................1,234 - - 1,234 Transfers out of Level 3 ..............................................................................................................................- - (133) (133)Balance at the end of the year .................................................................................................................7,862 102 1,932 9,896 Line items where effects of Level 3 assets are recognized in the Income Statement2023Net financial income ...................................................................................................................................- (72) 652 580 Other operating income ..............................................................................................................................1,569 - - 1,569 Effects recognized in the Income Statement .........................................................................................1,569 (72) 652 2,149 2022Net financial income ...................................................................................................................................- 6 135 141 Other operating income ..............................................................................................................................24 - - 24 Effects recognized in the Income Statement .........................................................................................24 6 135 165
40
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
25. Fair value hierarchy, continued
Loans to customers largely bear variable interest rates. Those loans, including corporate loans, are presented at book value as they generally have a
short duration and very limited interest rate risk. Loans with fixed interest rates, mainly retail mortgages, are estimated by using the discount cash flow
method with the interest rates offered on new loans, taking into account loan to value. Defaulted loans are presented at book value as no future cash flow
is expected on them. Instead they are written down according to their estimated potential recovery value.
Derivatives NotionalFair value2023valueAssets LiabilitiesForward exchange rate agreements ..............................................................................................................................54,756 414 236 Fair value hedge of interest rate swap ...........................................................................................................................235,726 2,063 9,253 Interest rate and exchange rate agreements .................................................................................................................47,377 998 1,017 Bond swap agreements ..................................................................................................................................................2,218 67 50 Share swap agreements ................................................................................................................................................24,689 3,060 1,029 Derivatives ....................................................................................................................................................................364,766 6,602 11,585 2022Forward exchange rate agreements ..............................................................................................................................73,127 2,383 168 Fair value hedge of interest rate swap ...........................................................................................................................246,965 68 16,256 Interest rate and exchange rate agreements .................................................................................................................93,206 2,737 3,540 Bond swap agreements ..................................................................................................................................................5,668 277 19 Share swap agreements ................................................................................................................................................36,057 3,694 975 Options - purchased agreements, unlisted ....................................................................................................................5 357 28 Derivatives ....................................................................................................................................................................455,028 9,516 20,986
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Carrying values and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities not carried at fair value2023Carrying Fair UnrealizedFinancial assets not carried at fair valuevalue value gain (loss)Cash and balances with Central Bank ...........................................................................................................................102,095 102,095 - Loans to credit institutions ..............................................................................................................................................28,835 28,835 - Loans to customers ........................................................................................................................................................1,152,789 1,145,363 (7,426)Other financial assets .....................................................................................................................................................12,188 12,188 - Financial assets not carried at fair value ...................................................................................................................1,295,907 1,288,481 (7,426)Financial liabilities not carried at fair valueDue to credit institutions and Central Bank ....................................................................................................................2,771 2,771 - Deposits .........................................................................................................................................................................792,710 792,710 - Borrowings .....................................................................................................................................................................420,460 419,008 1,452 Subordinated liabilities ...................................................................................................................................................41,279 41,154 125 Other financial liabilities .................................................................................................................................................10,790 10,790 - Financial liabilities not carried at fair value ...............................................................................................................1,268,010 1,266,433 1,577 2022*Financial assets not carried at fair valueCash and balances with Central Bank ...........................................................................................................................114,118 114,118 - Loans to credit institutions ..............................................................................................................................................45,501 45,501 - Loans to customers ........................................................................................................................................................1,084,757 1,017,671 (67,086)Other financial assets .....................................................................................................................................................4,720 4,720 - Financial assets not carried at fair value ...................................................................................................................1,249,096 1,182,010 (67,086)Financial liabilities not carried at fair valueDue to credit institutions and Central Bank ....................................................................................................................11,697 11,697 - Deposits .........................................................................................................................................................................755,361 755,361 - Borrowings .....................................................................................................................................................................392,563 387,882 11,137 Subordinated liabilities ...................................................................................................................................................47,331 48,310 (979)Other financial liabilities .................................................................................................................................................6,527 6,527 - Financial liabilities not carried at fair value ...............................................................................................................1,213,479 1,209,777 10,158
41
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
25. Fair value hierarchy, continued
Fair value hedge of interest rate swap
on FV
- - 76
- 228 650
- 534 354
- 5,183 3,205
- 2,725 1,617
- 583 307
2,063 - 436
68 - (747)
- 2,332 (1,933)
- 908 (1,103)
- 7,986 (6,911)
- 4,151 (3,321)
- 879 (840)
Gain (loss)
The effectiveness of each hedge is measured regularly with linear regression. The relationship between fair value changes of an interest rate swap on
the one hand and a borrowing on the other hand is examined. In all cases the effectiveness is within limits, or between 92-108%.
The Group applies fair value hedge accounting only with respect to interest rate swaps, whereby the Group pays floating rate interest and receives fixed
rate interest, with identical cash flows to the borrowings. The interest rate swaps are hedging the exposure of changes in the fair value of certain fixed-
rate EUR bonds, see Note 33, arising from changes in interest rates.
The effectiveness of each hedge is measured regularly with linear regression. The relationship between fair value changes of an interest rate swap on
the one hand and a borrowing on the other hand is examined.
During the year 2023 the slope for the regression line was in all cases within the range of 0.92-1.08 and the regression coefficient was at least 0.98.
During the year 2022, the slope of the regression line was in all cases within the range of 0.84-1.00 and the regression coefficient was at least 0.92. In all
cases the effectiveness is within limits during the year 2023 and 2022.
Gain (loss)Notional MaturityFair value2023dateAssets LiabilitieschangesInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................- - Interest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................11,957 3-6 mthInterest rates swaps - USD .................................................................................13,582 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................75,067 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................45,040 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................45,040 6-12 mthInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................45,040 1-5 years2,063 9,253 6,645 2022Interest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................20,680 0-3 mthInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................45,451 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - USD .................................................................................14,180 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................75,752 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................45,451 1-5 yearsInterest rates swaps - EUR .................................................................................45,451 1-5 years68 16,256 (14,855)Hedged borrowings and subordinated liabilities Accumulated Bookfair valueon FV2023valueAssets LiabilitieschangesEUR 300 million - issued 2018 - 5 years ....................................................................................................- - - (156)EUR 300 million - issued 2020 - 4 years ....................................................................................................11,776 206 - (632)USD 100 million - issued 2020 - Perpetual .................................................................................................13,216 608 - (336)EUR 500 million - issued 2021 - 5 years ....................................................................................................69,338 4,455 - (3,207)EUR 300 million - issued 2021 - 4 years ....................................................................................................42,740 2,303 - (1,612)EUR 300 million - issued 2022 - 2 years ....................................................................................................44,552 471 - (305)EUR 300 million - issued 2023 - 3 years ....................................................................................................47,326 (443) - (442)Hedged borrowings and subordinated liabilities ...................................................................................228,948 7,600 - (6,690)2022EUR 300 million - issued 2018 - 5 years ....................................................................................................20,672 156 - 13 EUR 300 million - issued 2020 - 4 years ....................................................................................................43,181 2,363 - 1,930 USD 100 million - issued 2020 - Perpetual .................................................................................................13,396 1,001 - 1,024 EUR 500 million - issued 2021 - 5 years ....................................................................................................66,231 7,765 - 6,927 EUR 300 million - issued 2021 - 4 years ....................................................................................................41,404 3,973 - 3,288 EUR 300 million - issued 2022 - 2 years ....................................................................................................44,557 792 - 766 Hedged borrowings and subordinated liabilities ...................................................................................229,441 16,050 - 13,947
42
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
26. Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities
Total assets
27. Investments in associates
During second quarter of 2023 share capital of Háblær was increased. Arion Bank invested for ISK 72 million but the Banks shareholding decreased as
other shareholders increased their shareholdings even further.
The Group's interest in its principal associatesBílafrágangur ehf., Lágmúli 5, Reykjavík, Iceland ..............................................................................................................................33.4% 33.4% Háblær ehf., Sudurlandsbraut 18, Reykjavík, Iceland ........................................................................................................................32.0% 49.0% Reiknistofa bankanna hf., Katrínartún 2, Reykjavík, Iceland .............................................................................................................23.0% 23.0% SER eignarhaldsfélag ehf., Borgartún 19, Reykjavík .........................................................................................................................35.3% 35.3%
Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements are recognized within the line items Financial instruments and Due to credit institutions
and Central Bank respectively.
Financial liabilities subject to enforceable master netting arrangements and similar arrangementsNetting potential not Liabilities subject to netting recognized in the arrangementsBalance SheetLiabilitiesLiabilities notTotalGross Liabilities after subject to liabilitiesliabilities Nettings recognized consideration enforceable recognizedbefore with gross on Balance Financial Collateral of netting netting arr- on balance2023nettings assets Sheet, net assets pledged potential angements sheetRepurchase agreements ............................................. - (10,164) (10,164) 10,164 - - - (10,164)Derivatives ................................................................... 11,430 - 11,430 (9,700) - 1,730 155 11,585 Deposist netted agains other assets ........................... 341 - 341 (341) - - - 341 Total liabilities ............................................................ 11,771 (10,164) 1,607 123 - 1,730 155 1,762 2022Repurchase agreements ............................................. 25 (10,212) (10,187) 10,212 - 25 - (10,187)Derivatives ................................................................... 20,098 - 20,098 (19,559) - 539 888 20,986 Deposist netted agains other assets ........................... 1,353 - 1,353 (1,353) - - - 1,353 Total liabilities ............................................................ 21,476 (10,212) 11,264 (10,700) - 564 888 12,152
Financial assets subject to enforceable master netting arrangements and similar arrangementsNetting potential not Assets subject to netting recognized in the arrangementsBalance SheetAssets not Assets Assets after subject toGross assets Nettings recognized consideration enforceable recognizedbefore with gross on Balance Financial Collateral of netting netting arr- on Balance2023nettings liabilities Sheet, net liabilities received potential angements Sheet, netReverse repurchase agreements ................................ 16,982 (10,164) 6,818 10,164 - 16,982 - 6,818 Derivatives ................................................................... 3,935 - 3,935 (2,452) - 1,483 2,667 6,602 Bank accounts netted against financial liabilities ........ 7,589 - 7,589 (7,589) - - - 7,589 Total assets ................................................................ 28,506 (10,164) 18,342 123 - 18,465 2,667 21,009 2022Reverse repurchase agreements ................................ 17,781 (10,212) 7,569 10,187 - 17,756 - 7,569 Derivatives ................................................................... 2,642 - 2,642 (1,395) - 1,247 6,874 9,516 Bank accounts netted against financial liabilities ........ 19,517 - 19,517 (19,517) - 19,517 Total assets ................................................................ 39,940 (10,212) 29,728 (10,725) - 19,003 6,874 36,602
2023 2022Carrying amount at the beginning of the year ....................................................................................................................................787 668 Acquisitions / increased share capital ................................................................................................................................................72 90 Disposals ...........................................................................................................................................................................................- (241)Share of (loss) profit of associates and profit from sale .....................................................................................................................(70) 270 Investment in associates .................................................................................................................................................................789 787
43
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
28. Intangible assets
Software Total
Impairment testing
The model used, to determine the recoverable amount, is most sensitive to changes in the forecast earnings available to shareholders over a five-year
period, the cost of equity and to changes in the growth rate. As a result of this analysis no impairment was recognized in 2023 (2021: nil).
The methodology for impairment testing on the Infrastructure and Customer relationship, which is part of intangible assets, is based on discounted cash
flow model which uses inputs that consider features of the business and the environment.
20232022Discount and growth ratesDiscount Growth Discount Growthrates rates rates ratesAsset Management operation .....................................................................................................................14.3% 3.5% 14.3% 4.0% Insurance operation ....................................................................................................................................14.3% 4.0% 14.3% 4.0%
Customer relationships and related agreements are connected to business relationships and agreements which the Bank acquired in subsidiaries. The
asset is based on the assumption that business relationships and agreements generate regular payments and earnings to the relevant business
segments. The lifetime of these agreements is based on the experience of the Group and the industry. As a result, these agreements are assessed as
having an identified useful lifetime.
Acquired software and internally developed software is capitalized on the basis of the cost of acquiring and bringing the software into service.
Expenditure on internally developed software is recognized as an asset when the Group is able to demonstrate its intention and ability to complete the
development and use the software in a manner that will generate future economic benefits, and when it can reliably measure the costs to complete the
development. The capitalized costs of internally developed software include external expenses directly attributable to developing the software and salary
and salary related expenses of implementation of core systems. Capitalized costs of software are amortized over its useful life. Computer software
licenses and internally developed software recognized as intangible assets are amortized over their useful life, which is estimated to be 3-10 years.
Goodwill related to the insurance operation is recognized among assets in the operating segments Corporate & Investment Banking and Retail Banking
and in 2022 Leiguskjól acquired a subsidiary including ISK 61 million in goodwill wich is recognized in the operating segment Other subsidiaries, see
Note 5.
Policies applied to the Group's intangible assetsGoodwillCustomer relationshipand infrastructureand related agreementsSoftwareFinite 6-15 years Useful lives ..........................................................................................................UndefinedFinite 3-10 yearsand undefinedStraight-line basis over Straight-line basis Amortization method ...........................................................................................Impairment test6-15 years and over 3-10 yearsimpairment testAcquired and internally Internally generated or acquired .........................................................................AcquiredAcquiredgeneratedCustomerrelationshipInfra- and related2023Goodwill structure agreementsBalance at the beginning of the year ......................................................................................730 2,383 547 5,123 8,783 Additions .................................................................................................................................- - - 470 470 Amortization ............................................................................................................................- - (60) (1,142) (1,202)Intangible assets ...................................................................................................................730 2,383 487 4,451 8,051 2022Balance at the beginning of the year ......................................................................................669 2,383 607 5,804 9,463 Additions .................................................................................................................................61 - - 355 416 Amortization ............................................................................................................................- - (60) (1,036) (1,096)Intangible assets ...................................................................................................................730 2,383 547 5,123 8,783
Infrastructure, which is capitalized as an intangible asset, is related to the asset management operation and branding of the insurance operation. The
business activity is based on years of developing expertise and systems, during which a valuable platform has been created for future growth. An
impairment test is performed annually.
Intangible assets comprise the following categories: Goodwill, which arises on business combinations; Infrastructure, Customer relationships and related
agreements which are identified during the acquisition of subsidiaries and related to the activities of the businesses being acquired; and Software, which
is acquired (i.e. software licenses) and expenses of implementation.
44
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
30. Assets and disposal groups held for sale and associated liabilities
Sólbjarg ehf., a subsidiary of Eignabjarg ehf.
Sólbjarg ehf. is a holding company of the former TravelCo hf. tour operator group which included Terra Nova Sól ehf., Heimsferdir ehf. and TravelCo
Nordic/Bravo Tours. All operations were sold during the years 2020-2022. Following the sale of the operation of Heimsferdir ehf. Sólbjarg became a
minority shareholder in Ferdaskrifstofa Íslands ehf. through its ownership in Heimbjarg ehf. (former Heimsferdir ehf.). Sólbjarg sold its shares in
Heimbjarg ehf. in Q2 2023 with minor effects on the Income Statement.
Real estates and other assets classified as assets held for sale are generally the result of foreclosures on companies and individuals.
Assets and disposal groups held for sale 2023 2022Real estate .........................................................................................................................................................................................62 61 Assets and disposal groups held for sale .....................................................................................................................................62 61
Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can
be utilized. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely
timing and the level of future taxable profits, together with future tax planning strategies.
RecognizedRecognizedChanges in deferred tax assets and tax liabilities throughin profit orAt 1 Jan.equity lossAt 31 Dec.2023Investment property and property and equipment ......................................................................................(999) - (228) (1,227)Financial assets ..........................................................................................................................................(510) - 149 (361)Other assets and liabilities ..........................................................................................................................(267) - (1) (268)Deferred foreign exchange differences .......................................................................................................(78) - (127) (205)Tax loss carry forward ................................................................................................................................157 - 1 158 Change in deferred tax assets and tax liabilities ...................................................................................(1,697) - (206) (1,903)2022Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities ..................................................................................2 - (2) - Investment property and property and equipment ......................................................................................(728) - (271) (999)Financial assets ..........................................................................................................................................562 - (1,072) (510)Other assets and liabilities ..........................................................................................................................(202) - (65) (267)Deferred foreign exchange differences .......................................................................................................(191) - 113 (78)Tax loss carry forward ................................................................................................................................- - 157 157 Change in deferred tax assets and tax liabilities ...................................................................................(557) - (1,140) (1,697)
29. Tax assets and tax liabilities20232022Assets Liabilities Assets LiabilitiesCurrent tax ..................................................................................................................................................- 9,227 - 8,471 Deferred tax ................................................................................................................................................39 1,942 135 1,832 Tax assets and tax liabilities ...................................................................................................................39 11,169 135 10,303 Deferred tax assets and tax liabilities are attributable to the following:Investment property and property and equipment ......................................................................................- (1,227) - (999)Financial assets ..........................................................................................................................................- (361) - (510)Other assets and liabilities ..........................................................................................................................27 (295) 27 (294)Deferred tax related to foreign exchange gain ............................................................................................2 (207) 2 (80)Tax loss carry forward ................................................................................................................................158 - 157 - 187 (2,090) 186 (1,883)Set-off of deferred tax assets together with tax liabilities of the same taxable entities ...............................(148) 148 (51) 51 Deferred tax assets and tax liabilities .....................................................................................................39 (1,942) 135 (1,832)
45
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
31. Other assets
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Right-of-use asset is due to real estates for own use.
32. Other liabilities
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
The official real estate value (Registers Iceland) amounted to ISK 4,223 million at the end of the year (2022: ISK 4,152 million) and the insurance value
amounts to ISK 8,093 million (2022: ISK 7,720 million).Right-of-use asset 2023 2022Balance at the beginning of the year ..................................................................................................................................................745 823 New lease agreements ......................................................................................................................................................................230 213 Lease agreements terminated ...........................................................................................................................................................(15) (215)Indexation ...........................................................................................................................................................................................46 41 Depreciation .......................................................................................................................................................................................(134) (117)Right-of-use asset ............................................................................................................................................................................872 745
Property and equipment Real Equip- Total Total estate ment 2023 2022Gross carrying amount at the beginning of the year ....................................................................................2,727 3,646 6,373 6,654 Additions .....................................................................................................................................................- 457 457 357 Disposals ....................................................................................................................................................- (29) (29) (522)Write-offs ....................................................................................................................................................- (266) (266) (116)Gross carrying amount at the end of the year .......................................................................................2,727 3,808 6,535 6,373 Accumulated depreciation at the beginning of the year ..............................................................................(1,043) (1,543) (2,586) (2,387)Depreciation ...............................................................................................................................................(74) (439) (513) (462)Disposals ....................................................................................................................................................- 7 7 158 Write-offs ....................................................................................................................................................- 229 229 105 Accumulated depreciation at the end of the year ..................................................................................(1,117) (1,746) (2,863) (2,586)Property and equipment ...........................................................................................................................1,610 2,062 3,672 3,787
2023 2022*Property and equipment .....................................................................................................................................................................3,672 3,787 Right-of-use asset ..............................................................................................................................................................................872 745 Accounts receivable ...........................................................................................................................................................................1,765 1,278 Unsettled securities trading ................................................................................................................................................................7,781 890 Sundry assets ....................................................................................................................................................................................3,722 3,576 Other assets .....................................................................................................................................................................................17,813 10,276
2023 2022*Accounts payable ...............................................................................................................................................................................1,274 1,013 Unsettled securities trading ................................................................................................................................................................2,474 1,844 Insurance contract liabilities* .............................................................................................................................................................20,196 17,451 Withholding tax ..................................................................................................................................................................................6,026 2,637 Bank levy ...........................................................................................................................................................................................1,807 1,761 Accrued expenses .............................................................................................................................................................................4,895 4,776 Prepaid income ..................................................................................................................................................................................1,547 1,590 Impairment of off-balance items ........................................................................................................................................................363 449 Lease liability .....................................................................................................................................................................................1,074 970 Sundry liabilities .................................................................................................................................................................................6,680 6,910 Other liabilities .................................................................................................................................................................................46,336 39,401
Lease liability 2023 2022Balance at the beginning of the year ..................................................................................................................................................970 878 New and amended lease agreements ...............................................................................................................................................230 215 Lease agreements terminated ...........................................................................................................................................................(15) (34)Indexation ...........................................................................................................................................................................................63 69 Interest expense .................................................................................................................................................................................45 31 Lease payments .................................................................................................................................................................................(219) (189)Lease liability ....................................................................................................................................................................................1,074 970
Insurance contract liabilitiesLiabilities for remaining coverage ......................................................................................................................................................3,910 3,412 Liabilities for incurred claims ..............................................................................................................................................................15,597 13,410 Risk adjustment .................................................................................................................................................................................689 629 Insurance contract liabilities ...........................................................................................................................................................20,196 17,451
46
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
33. Borrowings
13,664 25,736
50,880 47,184
20,628 19,219
38,239 35,602
69,337 66,231
17,680 7,058
10,204 -
- 3,671
- 20,672
11,776 43,181
3,425 3,680
42,740 41,404
5,405 5,382
6,105 6,062
44,552 44,557
7,417 7,952
3,128 3,144
2,683 -
4,059 -
47,326 -
8,772 -
34. Subordinated liabilities
- 6,822
4,096 4,383
3,046 3,066
6,312 5,841
908 908
766 772
10,685 9,894
2,249 2,249
13,217 13,396
Additional Tier 1 and Tier 2 subordinated liabilities are eligible as regulatory capital under the Icelandic Financial Undertakings Act No. 161/2002.
The book value of listed bonds was ISK 420 billion at the end of the year (31.12.2022: ISK 393 billion). The market value of those bonds was ISK 419
billion (31.12.2022: ISK 388 billion). The Group repurchased own debts amounting to ISK 45 billion during the year with a net loss of ISK 89 million
recognized in the Income Statement (2022: ISK 14 million gain).
First call Currency, original nominal value Issued Maturity date Terms of interest 2023 2022SEK 500 million ........................................................... 2018 2028 22 Nov '23 Floating, 3 month STIBOR +3.10% .NOK 300 million ........................................................... 2019 2029 9 Jul '24 Floating, NIBOR +3.65% .................SEK 225 million ........................................................... 2019 2029 20 Dec '24 Floating, 3 month STIBOR +3.70% .ARION T2I 30 ISK 4,800 million .................................. 2019 2030 4 Jan '25 Fixed, CPI linked, 3.875% ..............ARION T2 30 ISK 880 million ...................................... 2019 2030 4 Jan '25 Fixed, 6.75% ...................................EUR 5 million ............................................................... 2019 2031 6 Mar '26 Fixed, 3.24% ..................................ARION T2I 33 9,860 million ......................................... 2022 2033 15 Dec '28 Fixed, CPI linked, 4.95% ................ARION T2 33 2,240 million .......................................... 2022 2033 15 Dec '28 Fixed, 9.25% ..................................Tier 2 subordinated liabilities .........................................................................................................................................................28,062 33,935 ARION AT1 USD 100 million * .................................... 2020 Perpetual 26 Mar '25 Fixed, 6.25% ...................................Additional Tier 1 subordinated liabilities ......................................................................................................................................13,217 13,396 Subordinated liabilities ....................................................................................................................................................................41,279 47,331 * The Group applies fair value hedge accounting to these bond issuances and uses certain foreign currency denominated interest rate swaps as hedging instruments, see Note 25.
* The Group applies fair value hedge accounting to these bond issuances and uses certain foreign currency denominated interest rate swaps as hedging instruments, see Note 25.
The interest rate swaps are hedging the Group’s exposure to fair value changes of these fixed-rate bonds in EUR arising from changes in interest rates.
FirstMaturity Currency, original nominal value issued Maturity type Terms of interest 2023 2022ARION CB 24 ISK 28,900 million ................................. 2019 2024 At maturity Fixed, 6.00% ...................................ARION CBI 25, ISK 37,940 million ............................... 2017 2025 At maturity Fixed, CPI linked, 3.00% ................ARION CBI 26 ISK 17,080 million ................................ 2019 2026 At maturity Fixed, CPI linked, 2.00% ................ARION CBI 29, ISK 27,200 million ............................... 2014 2029 At maturity Fixed, CPI linked, 3.50% ................ARION CBI 48, ISK 11,680 million ............................... 2018 2048Amortizing Fixed, CPI linked, 2.50% ................12,440 11,828 ARION CB EUR 500 million * ...................................... 2021 2026 At maturity Fixed, EUR 0.05% ..........................ARION CB 27, ISK 41,000 million ................................ 2022 2027 At maturity Fixed, 5.50% ...................................ARION CBI 30, ISK 11,260 million ............................... 2023 2030 At maturity Fixed, CPI linked, 2.75% ................Statutory covered bonds .................................................................................................................................................................233,072 212,858 NOK 250 million ........................................................... 2017 2023 At maturity Fixed, 3.02% ..................................EUR 300 million * ........................................................ 2018 2023 At maturity Fixed, 1.00% ..................................EUR 300 million * ........................................................ 2020 2024 At maturity Fixed, 0.625 % ................................NOK 250 million ........................................................... 2017 2027 At maturity Fixed, 3.40% ..................................EUR 300 million Green * .............................................. 2021 2025 At maturity Fixed, 0.375% ................................ARION 26 1222 Green (ISK 5,760m) .......................... 2021 2026 At maturity Fixed, 4.70% ...................................ARION 24 1020 Green (ISK 6,020m) .......................... 2022 2024 At maturity Floating, REIBOR 3M +0.70% ........EUR 300 million Green * .............................................. 2022 2024 At maturity Fixed, 4.875% .................................NOK 550 million ........................................................... 2022 2025 At maturity Floating, OIBOR 3M +2.35% ..........SEK 230 million ........................................................... 2022 2025 At maturity Floating, STIBOR 3M +2.35% ........NOK 200 million ........................................................... 2023 2025 At maturity Floating, OIBOR 3M + 2.55% .........SEK 300 million ........................................................... 2023 2026 At maturity Floating, STIBOR 3M + 3.00% .......EUR 300 million* ......................................................... 2023 2026 At maturity Fixed, 7.25% ...................................Arion 28 1512 (ISK 8,740 million) ................................ 2023 2028 At maturity Fixed, CPI linked, 4.35% ................Senior unsecured bonds .................................................................................................................................................................187,388 179,705 Borrowings .......................................................................................................................................................................................420,460 392,563
47
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
35. Liabilities arising from financial activities
36. Pledged assets
The Group has issued covered bonds amounting to ISK 58 billion that can be used for repo borrowings at the Central Bank of Iceland, the European
Central Bank or sold if market conditions are favorable (31.12.2022: ISK 45 billion). Pledged assets against those covered bonds are ISK 70 billion
(31.12.2022: ISK 54 billion).
The Group has pledged assets against due to credit institutions and borrowings, both issued covered bonds and other issued bonds and loan
agreements. Pledged loans comprised mortgage loans to individuals. The book value of those liabilities were ISK 233 billion at year end (31.12.2022:
ISK 213 billion).
The Group has pledged bonds against short term lending from the Central Bank of Iceland and against short positions, related to swap agreements, to
hedge market risk of those assets.
Pledged assets against liabilities 2023 2022Assets, pledged as collateral against borrowings ..............................................................................................................................380,860 328,811 Assets pledged as a collateral against loans from banks and other financial liabilities .....................................................................10,582 23,108 Pledged assets against liabilities ...................................................................................................................................................391,442 351,919 Thereof pledged assets against issued covered bonds held by the Bank .........................................................................................(86,682) (70,850)Assets against repoed issued bonds .................................................................................................................................................16,585 17,029 Pledged assets against liabilities on balance ...............................................................................................................................321,345 298,098
Non-cash changesCash Interest Foreign Effect2023At 1 Jan.flows expenses exchange from hedgeAt 31 Dec.Covered bonds in ISK - CPI linked.......................................................................113,833 5,849 12,709 - - 132,391 Covered bonds in ISK..........................................................................................32,794 (3,689) 2,239 - - 31,344 Covered bonds in FX............................................................................................66,231 (5,475) 5,681 (368) 3,268 69,337 Senior unsecured bonds in FX.............................................................................168,261 (9,597) 5,858 (2,082) 4,666 167,106 Senior unsecured bonds in ISK............................................................................11,444 (778) 844 - - 11,510 Senior unsecured bonds in ISK - CPI linked........................................................- 8,740 32 - - 8,772 Subordinated bond T2 in ISK - CPI linked............................................................15,735 (750) 2,012 - - 16,997 Subordinated bond T2 ISK...................................................................................3,156 (266) 267 - - 3,157 Subordinated bond T2 FX....................................................................................15,044 (7,527) 937 (565) 19 7,908 Subordinated bond AT1 FX..................................................................................13,396 (1,598) 1,437 (395) 377 13,217 Liabilities arising from financial activities.......................................................439,894 (15,091) 32,016 (3,410) 8,330 461,739 2022Covered bonds in ISK - CPI linked.......................................................................102,007 (814) 12,640 - - 113,833 Covered bonds in ISK..........................................................................................57,512 (27,114) 2,396 - - 32,794 Covered bonds in FX............................................................................................43,624 26,690 386 2,515 (6,984) 66,231 Senior unsecured bonds in FX.............................................................................149,970 17,949 2,044 4,278 (5,980) 168,261 Senior unsecured bonds in ISK............................................................................3,524 7,359 561 - - 11,444 Subordinated bond T2 in ISK - CPI linked............................................................5,337 9,651 747 - - 15,735 Subordinated bond T2 ISK...................................................................................907 2,182 68 - - 3,157 Subordinated bond T2 FX....................................................................................15,619 (596) 643 (623) - 15,043 Subordinated bond AT1 FX..................................................................................13,225 (867) 880 1,149 (991) 13,396 Liabilities arising from financial activities.......................................................391,725 34,440 20,365 7,319 (13,955) 439,894
48
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
37. Equity
Own shares / issued share capital ............................... 0.95% 3.01%
Share options
Warrants
Arion Bank has in place a share option plan for all employees of the Bank, Vördur and Stefnir, approved at the Banks annual general meeting, under
which employees may be granted options to purchase ordinary shares. The annual maximum purchase price for each employee is ISK 1.5 million, in line
with Article 10 of the Income Tax Act no. 90/2003, at an exercise price determined by the Bank’s average share price 10 days prior to issue date. The
employee must remain continuously employed with Arion Bank until the expiring date. The options carry neither rights to dividends nor voting rights and
are valued using the Black-Scholes pricing model.
The warrants reserve represents the consideration received for outstanding warrants. Arion Bank issued 54 million warrants on 9 March 2021. The
purchase price of the warrants amounted to ISK 15.6 per warrant, resulting in a total sale price of ISK 842.4 million. The warrant issuing represented
approximately 3% of the Bank's total share capital and the Bank is obliged to issue new shares when the warrants are exercised. Approximately 48.5% of
the total issue was sold to around 150 employees of the Group and 51.5% to professional investors. The exercise period runs from Q4 2023 to Q3 2024.
No share options are exercisable at period end. Next exercise periods are in February and May 2024.
All outstanding share options, if exercised, represent approximately 1.7% of the total issued shares.
To meet the Bank's obligations on the basis of the share option plan, the Bank will issue new share capital or deliver treasury shares. Arion Bank has no
legal or constructive obligation to repurchase or settle the options in cash.
At the AGM in March 2023 a motion was passed to reduce the Bank’s share capital by ISK 50 million. The reduction was effective 25 April 2023 and
Arion Bank's share capital was reduced from ISK 1,510 million to ISK 1,460 million. At the AGM in March 2022 a motion was passed to reduce the
Bank’s share capital by ISK 150 million. The reduction was effective 4 April 2022.
In accordance with the Bank's dividend policy Arion Bank has in place a regular buyback program. On 5 September 2022 the FSA authorized a buyback
program which amounted up to a total of 57.3 million shares or up to ISK 10 billion. During the first half of 2023 Arion Bank bought back own shares for
ISK 3,260 million. The Program ended 1 June 2023.
The following share option contracts are in existence at year end.Number Exerciseof shares Exercise price(in ths.) year (ISK)Issued in 2021 (ISK 600,000) - employees of Arion Bank ..............................................................................................8,086 2024-2026 95.50 Issued in 2023 (ISK 900,000) - employees of Arion Bank ..............................................................................................8,254 2024-2026 153.75 Issued in 2023 (ISK 1,500,000) - employees of Arion Bank ...........................................................................................5,912 2024-2026 153.75 Issued in 2023 (ISK 1,500,000) - employees of subsidiaries .........................................................................................2,183 2024-2026 140.56 24,435 Movements in share options during the year.20232022Weighted WeightedNumberaverageNumberaverageof sharescontractof sharescontract(in ths.) rate (in ths.) rateOutstanding at the beginning of the year ....................................................................................................30,882 143.2 19,728 95.5 Share options granted ................................................................................................................................16,349 153.8 17,362 180.3 Share options forfeited ...............................................................................................................................(20,152) 168.2 (2,916) 95.5 Share options exercised, WAVG share price ISK 151.79 at exercise date (2022: 187.56) ........................(2,644) 95.5 (3,292) 95.5 Outstanding share options at the end of the year .................................................................................24,435 136.2 30,882 143.2
Share capital and share premiumAccording to the Bank's Articles of Association, total share capital amounts to ISK 1,460 million, with par value of ISK 1 per share. The holders ofordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as approved by the AGM and are entitled to one vote per share at shareholders' meetings.Share Own Share Total Share Own Share Totalcapital shares premium 2023 capital shares premium 2022Balance at the beginning of the year ........................... 1,510 (45) 11,907 13,372 1,660 (142) 21,166 22,684 Share capital reduction ................................................ (50) 50 - - (150) 150 - - Purchase of treasury shares ........................................ - (22) (3,238) (3,260) - (58) (9,793) (9,851)Share option vested ......................................................- 2 295 297 - 4 349 353 Incentive scheme ..........................................................- 1 194 195 - 1 184 185 Warrants excercised .................................................... - - 30 30 - Balance at the end of the year .................................. 1,460 (14) 9,187 10,634 1,510 (45) 11,907 13,372
49
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Other information
38. Shareholders of Arion Bank 2023 2022
Number
of shares
39. Legal matters
Contingent liabilities
Legal proceedings regarding damages
At the end of the year the Group's employees held a shareholding of 0.83% in Arion Bank (31.12.2022: 0.65%). The Board of Directors and the members
of the Bank's Executive Committee shareholding is as follows:
On 15 March 2023 the AGM approved to reduce the Bank’s share capital by ISK 50 million nominal value, amounting 50 million own shares, by
cancelling the Bank’s own shares. The reduction was carried out on 25 April 2023. The Bank’s share capital therefore reduces from ISK 1,510 million to
ISK 1,460 million which is divided into an equal number of shares and each share is accompanied by one vote.
20232022Warrants / Number Warrants / optionsof shares optionsSteinunn Kristín Thórdardóttir, Director ......................................................................................................- 12,000 - 12,000 Alternate directors of the Board ..................................................................................................................- - - 13,000 Benedikt Gíslason, CEO .............................................................................................................................997,947 2,561,783 1,006,482 2,506,283 Eight members of the Executive Committee ..............................................................................................4,038,815 971,648 4,945,258 787,751
Other members of the Board of Directors do not hold shares or warrants in Arion Bank.
Gildi lífeyrissjódur ...............................................................................................................................................................................9.85% 9.77% Lífeyrissjódur starfsmanna ríkisins .....................................................................................................................................................9.62% 9.53% Lífeyrissjódur verzlunarmanna ...........................................................................................................................................................9.02% 9.14% Stodir hf. ............................................................................................................................................................................................5.38% 5.20% Brú lífeyrissjódur ................................................................................................................................................................................4.34% 3.69% Vanguard ...........................................................................................................................................................................................3.91% 2.27% Birta lífeyrissjódur ...............................................................................................................................................................................3.58% 3.47% Frjálsi lífeyrissjódurinn .......................................................................................................................................................................3.55% 3.17% Stapi lífeyrissjódur ..............................................................................................................................................................................2.85% 3.02% Hvalur hf. ............................................................................................................................................................................................2.52% 2.44% Festa lífeyrissjódur .............................................................................................................................................................................2.38% 1.92% Stefnir funds .......................................................................................................................................................................................2.30% 4.05% Íslandsbanki hf. ..................................................................................................................................................................................2.24% 2.38% Kvika banki hf. ...................................................................................................................................................................................1.66% 1.82% Almenni lífeyrissjódur .........................................................................................................................................................................1.52% 1.47% Lífsverk Pension fund ........................................................................................................................................................................1.23% 1.08% Sjóvá ..................................................................................................................................................................................................1.09% 1.00% Landsbankinn hf. ................................................................................................................................................................................1.06% 1.21% Landsbréf hf. ......................................................................................................................................................................................0.98% 1.43% Arion banki hf. ....................................................................................................................................................................................0.95% 3.01% Other shareholders with less than 1% shareholding ..........................................................................................................................29.96% 28.96% 100.0% 100.0%
The Group has formal controls and policies in place for managing legal claims. Once professional advice has been obtained and the likelihood and
amount of loss reasonably estimated, the Group makes adjustments, if appropriate, to account for any adverse effects the claims may have on its
financial standing. Should the Group conclude that it is to the detriment of the Group's case to disclose such potential amounts, relating to the legal
claims raised, it elects not to do so. At the end of the year, the Group had several unresolved legal claims.
In a lawsuit brought in June 2013, Kortaþjónustan hf. claimed damages from Arion Bank hf., Íslandsbanki hf., Landsbankinn hf., Borgun hf. and Valitor hf.
in the amount of ISK 1.2 billion plus interest. The lawsuit is a result of damage Kortaþjónustan hf. contended the five parties caused the company due to
violations of the Competition Act. In June 2017 the Supreme Court dismissed the case on procedural grounds. Since then, Kortaþjónustan hf. and
subsequently its largest shareholder EC-Clear have tried to initiate five lawsuits against the same defendants which have all been dismissed, the last one
in March 2021. In September 2021 EC-Clear has once again brought the same matter of dispute, claiming damages in the amount of ISK 922 million
plus interest, against the same defendants. In September 2022 the District Court dismissed the claims. EC-Clear appealed the dismissal but with a ruling
in January 2023 the Court of Appeal rejected the District Court’s ruling and ruled that the case should be heard on its merits by the District Court. Should
the defendants be found liable for damages, they would be jointly responsible. Therefore, the Bank has not made any provision.
50
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
39. Legal matters, continued
On-site inspection by the Central Bank
Consumer Association‘s class-action lawsuit
Other legal proceedings
Legal matters concluded
Administrative fine from Central Bank of Iceland
40. Events after the reporting period
Arion Bank undertook a review of its contractual terms and processes for interest rate decisions in light of the letter, concluding that no changes were
required and that the Association’s arguments are unfounded. A reasoned response was sent to the Consumer Association in September 2020.
According to information published on the Consumer Association’s website, all three banks have rejected the Association’s arguments.
No event has arisen after the reporting period and up to the approval of these Consolidated Financial Statements that require additional disclosures.
Since 2008 Arion Bank has formally been a party to proceedings in Luxembourg, commenced against the Luxembourg company R Capital S.á r.l. and its
beneficial owner, Mr. Umberto Ronsisvalle, for the collection of EUR 6 million plus interest. During this time, Kaupthing ehf. has been the beneficial
owner of the claim, with Arion Bank’s involvement limited to being the formal party to the proceedings while enjoying indemnity from Kaupthing. The
reason for the setup is a decision by the Icelandic Financial Supervisory Authority in 2009 during the split of Kaupthing to the “new” and “old” bank. In
2019, a counterclaim was made against Arion Bank in the proceedings, for the net sum of EUR 24 million plus interest, with the Bank continuing to enjoy
full indemnity from Kaupthing. In September 2021, Kaupthing and Arion Bank agreed that all rights and liabilities in the Luxembourg proceedings would
be transferred to Arion Bank. The Bank is still held harmless for any liabilities associated with the claims and has therefore not made any provision.
The Consumer Association in May 2021 published an article on its website calling for participants in a class action lawsuit. The intention is to commence
court proceedings against Icelandic credit institutions to provide court precedents for loans with variable rates. Arion Bank has received information
requests from a legal firm representing approximately 1,200 individuals. One case has been filed against the Bank and with a judgement of the District
Court of Reykjavík on the 7th of February 2023 the Bank was acquitted. The plaintiffs have appealed the judgement to the Court of Appeal. Considering
the District Court’s judgement as well as an outside opinion commissioned by the Bank on its legal position the Bank has not made any provision.
On 7 July 2020 the Financial Supervisory Authority of the Central Bank of Iceland (FSA) published its decision to impose an administrative fine on Arion
Bank of ISK 87.7 million due to the Bank’s alleged breach of an obligation to disclose insider information in a timely manner. The decision was published
on FSA´s website. Arion Bank paid the fine but filed a claim with the district court of Reykjavik in October 2020 demanding that FSA’s decision be
annulled. With a judgment of the district court in April 2022 FSA was acquitted. The Bank appealed the ruling and with a judgement of the Court of
Appeal in June 2023 the district court’s ruling was confirmed.
The Consumer Association of Iceland sent a letter to Arion Bank, Íslandsbanki and Landsbankinn in April 2020 urging the banks to review its contractual
terms on variable rate mortgages to individuals. The letter called for revised terms and compensation to borrowers who, according to the Association,
have suffered damage. The Association’s argument is that standard contractual terms lack proper legal grounds, as parameters for interest rate
decisions lack transparency and predictability, thus causing a contractual imbalance to the detriment of the consumer.
The estate of TravelCo Nordic has filed a case against TravelCo hf. and the Bank in Denmark claiming payment in solidum in the amount of DKK 58.1
million plus interest. The merits and arguments against the Bank are vague. The bankruptcy estate alleges that the Bank, as owner of Heimsferdir ehf.
and Terra Nova Sól ehf., contrived the sale of the companies to its subsidiary, Sólbjarg ehf., without real payment. The transaction the bankruptcy estate
is referring to is in fact the legal and lawful enforcement of security (i.e. share pledges) by the Bank over the shares in Heimsferdir hf. and Terra Nova Sól
ehf. following a default on a facilities agreement to TravelCo hf. as borrower. Following the enforcement, the Bank moved the companies to its holding
company, Sólbjarg ehf., and the Bank remained the beneficial owner of the companies. The Bank believes it likely that it will be acquitted of the estate’s
claim and has therefore not made any provision.
The Financial Supervisory Authority of the Central Bank of Iceland (the “FSA”) did an on-site inspection at the Bank in 2022 into AML/CTF procedures.
Following the inspection, the FSA identified and reported deficiencies in the Bank's compliance with the relevant AML Act and regulations. In August
2023, following receipt of FSA´s final report, the Bank requested that the matter be concluded by way of settlement. The matter is now pending with the
FSA.
51
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Off balance sheet information
41. Commitments
42. Assets under management and under custody
1,383,134 1,298,289
1,233,011 1,067,052
Related party
43. Related party
The Group, acting as custodian, is responsible for safeguarding a firm's or individual's financial assets, hold in safekeeping securities such as stocks,
bonds and securities funds, arrange the settlement of trades and movements of securities, process corporate actions such as income on bonds and
dividends on shares; and pricing on securities.
Assets under management ................................................................................................................................................................
Transactions with related parties have been conducted on an arm's length basis. There have been no further guarantees provided or received for related
party receivables or payables.
Assets under management represent the total market value of the financial assets which the Group manages on behalf of its customers.
Financial guarantees, unused credit facilities and undrawn loan commitments2023 2022Financial guarantees ..........................................................................................................................................................................21,763 20,312 Unused overdrafts ..............................................................................................................................................................................61,951 57,259 Undrawn loan commitments ..............................................................................................................................................................69,188 105,888 Financial guarantees, unused credit facilities and undrawn loan commitments ......................................................................152,902 183,459
Assets under custody .........................................................................................................................................................................
The key management personnel includes the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee of Arion Bank, as well as their close family members and
legal entities controlled by them. The Executive Committee consists of the CEO, Managing Directors of Retail banking, CIB, Markets, Finance, Risk, IT,
Customer experience and Operations and culture. For compensation, pension and other transactions with the Board of Directors and the Executive
Committee, see Notes 13 and 38.
For information on the associated companies, see Note 28.
Arion Bank defines related party as shareholders with significant influence over the Group, the key management personnel and the Group's associated
companies.
Shareholders with significant influence are shareholders that have the power to participate in the finanical and operating decisions of Arion Bank but do
not control those policies. At the end of the year no shareholder was defined as related party with an influence over the Group (31.12.2022: none).
Key managementAssociatedpersonnelcompanies2023 2022 2023 2022Loans ..........................................................................................................................................................61 64 348 71 Other assets ...............................................................................................................................................2 2 - - Total assets ...............................................................................................................................................63 66 348 71 Deposits ......................................................................................................................................................(776) (1,111) (91) (155)Other liabilities ............................................................................................................................................- - (37) (27)Total liabilities ...........................................................................................................................................(776) (1,111) (128) (182)Interest income ...........................................................................................................................................6 10 16 1 Interest expenses .......................................................................................................................................(53) (7) (2) (1)Commission income ...................................................................................................................................10 14 4 1 Commission expenses ...............................................................................................................................- - (105) (101)Other income ..............................................................................................................................................9 - - - Other expenses ..........................................................................................................................................- (2) (1,311) (1,414)Net income ................................................................................................................................................(28) 15 (1,398) (1,514)
52
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Risk management disclosures
Further information on risk management and capital adequacy is provided in the Annual Financial Statements for 2023, in the Pillar 3 Risk
Disclosures for 2023 and in the quarterly Additional Pillar 3 Risk Disclosures. These documents are available on the Bank's website,
www.arionbank.com.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The Board of Directors is ultimately responsible for the Bank's risk management framework and for ensuring that satisfactory risk policies
and governance for controlling the Group's risk exposure are in place. Each subsidiary is responsible for its own risk management
framework but adheres to the Bank's ownership policies which outline the Group's internal control policy, risk appetite and reporting
mechanisms. The Board sets the risk appetite for the Bank, and in some cases the Group, which is translated into exposure limits and
targets monitored by the Bank's Risk Management division.
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is responsible for sustaining an effective risk management framework, processes and controls as well
as maintaining a high level of risk awareness among employees, making risk everyone's business.
The Bank operates several committees to manage risk. The Board Risk Committee (BRIC) is responsible for supervising the Bank's risk
management framework, risk appetite and the internal capital and liquidity adequacy assessment processes (ICAAP/ILAAP). The Board
Credit Committee (BCC) approves certain proposals for credit origination, debt cancellation, underwriting and investments, while the Board
of Directors is the supreme authority for cases which entail deviations from risk appetite or strategy. On the management level the CEO
has established six primary risk committees. The Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO) is responsible for managing asset-liability
mismatches, liquidity and funding risk, market risk, capital adequacy, and decides on underwriting and investment exposures. The
Operational Risk Committee (ORCO) is responsible for managing operational risk, which includes information security, financial crimes,
regulatory compliance and data management. The Arion Credit Committee (ACC) administers the Bank's credit rules and decides on the
origination of credit while the Arion Composition and Debt Cancellation Committee (ADC) is the principal authority for debt cancellation,
debt restructuring and composition agreements. ACC and ADC operate within limits set by the BCC. The Sustainability Committee ensures
that the Bank's strategy and decision-making are aligned with the Bank's commitments in relation to the environmental, social and
governance (ESG) agenda. The committee oversees the Bank's Green Financing Framework. Finally, the Executive Risk Committee
(ERCO), chaired by the CRO, oversees the implementation of risk policies, ensures that the Bank's limit framework adheres to the risk
appetite, reviews the Bank's ICAAP, ILAAP and stress testing, and approves economic scenarios, credit models and specific provisions
under IFRS9. The Executive Committee is concerned with business and strategic risk.
The Bank's Internal Audit conducts independent reviews of the Bank's and several subsidiaries' operations, risk management framework,
processes and measurements. Internal Audit discusses its results with management and reports its findings and recommendations to the
Board Audit Committee (BAC) and to the Board of Directors.
The Bank's Compliance function is headed by the Compliance Officer. It is independent and centralized and the Compliance Officer reports
directly to the CEO. The Compliance function manages the Bank's conduct and compliance risk, including risk relating to data protection
and financial crime.
The Bank's Risk Management division is headed by the Chief Risk Officer. It is independent and centralized and the CRO reports directly
to the CEO. The division is divided into four units: Risk Analysis, which is responsible for the quantification of risk on a portfolio level,
including risk modeling and reporting; Risk Monitoring and Framework, which facilitates and monitors the management of risk and controls
in the first line; Credit Analysis, which supports the Bank's credit transaction process and participates in credit decisions; and the Security
Team, headed by the Bank's Chief Security Officer, which facilitates and monitors information security risk management in the first line.
The Bank's Risk Officer for Pension Funds reports to the CRO.
Arion Bank is a small bank in an international context but classified as systemically important in Iceland. The Group operates in a small
economy which is subject to sectoral concentration, fluctuations in capital flows, and exchange rate volatility. Among the Group’s most
significant risks are credit risk, concentration risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, cyber risk, third party risk, business risk and reputational
risk. These risk factors are to the largest extent encountered within the parent company. Through the Bank's subsidiaries, the Group bears
risk arising from insurance activities and fund management.
The Group faces various risks arising from its day to day operations. Managing risk is a core activity within the Group. The key to effective
risk management is a process of on-going identification of significant risks, quantification of risk exposures, actions to limit risk and regular
monitoring. This process of risk management and the ability to evaluate, manage and correctly price the risk encountered is critical to the
Group's continuing profitability, and ensures that risk exposures remain within acceptable levels.
53
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk
Exposure to credit risk
The value of collateral is based on estimated market value. The valuation of real estate is based on market price, valuation model, or the
opinion of internal or external specialists. The valuation of fishing vessels takes into account related fishing quotas. The quality of collateral
is evaluated in the lending process with regards to specialization, location, age and condition and possibilities for reuse.
Collateral value is monitored and action is taken to remedy insufficient collateral coverage where the underlying agreement provides for
such remedies. Collateral value is reviewed to ensure the adequacy of the allowance for impairment losses. Collateral values shown are
capped by the related book value amount.
- Other collateral: Fixed and current assets including vehicles, equipment, inventory and trade receivables
- Vessels: Ships with assigned fishing quota and other vessels
Credit risk is managed and controlled by setting limits on the amount of risk the Group is willing to accept for individual counterparties,
group of connected clients, industries, geographies and loan types, and by monitoring exposures in relation to such limits. The Group
seeks to limit its total credit risk through diversification of the loan portfolio across sectors and by limiting large exposures to groups of
connected clients.
Credit risk arises when the Group commits its funds, resulting in capital or earnings being dependent on counterparty, issuer or borrower
performance. Loans to customers are the largest source of credit risk. Credit risk is also inherent in other types of assets, such as loans to
credit institutions, bonds, derivatives and off-balance sheet items such as commitments and guarantees.
Managing and analyzing the Group's loan portfolio is of utmost importance. Great emphasis is placed on the quality of the credit portfolio,
by maintaining a strict credit process, by critically inspecting loan applications, by actively monitoring the credit portfolio and by identifying
and reacting to possible problem loans at an early stage as well as by restructuring impaired credits.
The Group grants credit based on well-informed lending decisions and seeks to build business relationships with customers that have good
repayment capacity and are backed by strong collateral. The risk level of each credit is considered in the pricing.
The following table shows the maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of the Statement of Financial Position before the effect
of mitigation due to collateral agreements or other credit enhancements. The table also shows related collateral and credit enhancements.
The amount and type of collateral required depends on an assessment of the credit risk of the counterparty and the exposure type. The
main types of collateral obtained are as follows:
- Real estate: Residential property, commercial real estate and land
- Cash and securities: Cash, treasury notes and bills, asset backed bonds, listed equity, and funds that consist of eligible securities
Credit risk is the risk that the Group will incur a loss because its customers or counterparties fail to discharge their contractual obligations.
54
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Maximum exposure to credit risk and collateral held against different types of financial instruments subject to the impairment requirementsof IFRS 9CollateralMaximum Cash and Real Other Total 2023exposure securities estate Vessels collateral collateralCash and balances with Central Bank .......................................102,095 - - - - - Loans to credit institutions at amortized cost .............................28,835 - - - - - Loans to customers at amortized cost .......................................1,152,789 24,586 871,682 55,265 118,627 1,070,160 Individuals .............................................................................609,144 329 558,862 16 17,026 576,233 Mortgages ......................................................................................549,371 15 548,962 - 33 549,010 Other ..............................................................................................59,773 314 9,900 16 16,993 27,223 Corporates .............................................................................543,645 24,257 312,820 55,249 101,601 493,927 Real estate activities ......................................................................114,101 2,027 108,604 28 1,621 112,280 Construction ...................................................................................77,728 433 72,143 30 3,177 75,783 Fishing industry ..............................................................................82,772 972 14,085 53,137 11,188 79,382 Information and communication technology ..................................26,012 65 1,422 - 12,912 14,399 Wholesale and retail trade .............................................................90,320 40 51,332 3 29,253 80,628 Financial and insurance activities ..................................................41,517 19,732 6,701 - 13,914 40,347 Industry, energy and manufacturing ..............................................54,796 791 34,318 22 16,531 51,662 Transportation ................................................................................8,460 - 1,254 803 4,026 6,083 Services .........................................................................................22,191 187 10,265 1,220 8,071 19,743 Public sector ..................................................................................14,212 10 2,235 6 202 2,453 Agriculture and forestry ..................................................................11,536 - 10,461 - 706 11,167 Other assets with credit risk ......................................................12,188 - - - - - Financial guarantees .................................................................21,763 2,973 4,644 292 6,216 14,125 Undrawn loan commitments and unused overdrafts .................131,139 - - - - - Fair value through OCI ..............................................................129,564 - - - - - Government bonds ................................................................128,178 - - - - - Bonds issued by financial institutions and corporates ............1,386 - - - - - Balance at the end of the year ................................................1,578,373 27,559 876,326 55,557 124,843 1,084,285 2022*Cash and balances with Central Bank .......................................114,118 - - - - - Loans to credit institutions at amortized cost .............................43,433 - - - - - Loans to customers at amortized cost .......................................1,084,757 26,285 796,745 51,717 104,911 979,658 Individuals .............................................................................582,371 517 531,300 16 18,919 550,752 Mortgages ......................................................................................513,605 9 513,252 - 32 513,293 Other ..............................................................................................68,766 508 18,048 16 18,887 37,459 Corporates .............................................................................502,386 25,768 265,445 51,701 85,992 428,906 Real estate activities ......................................................................105,304 838 101,514 - 368 102,720 Construction ...................................................................................55,208 211 41,157 47 2,478 43,893 Fishing industry ..............................................................................91,427 1,123 14,278 49,501 13,023 77,925 Information and communication technology ..................................24,622 110 1,441 - 14,775 16,326 Wholesale and retail trade .............................................................85,005 24 50,831 - 26,584 77,439 Financial and insurance activities ..................................................41,378 22,938 6,377 - 7,390 36,705 Industry, energy and manufacturing ..............................................44,154 295 25,635 - 13,219 39,149 Transportation ................................................................................14,058 87 1,127 1,043 3,195 5,452 Services .........................................................................................19,155 131 11,007 1,104 3,904 16,146 Public sector ..................................................................................10,576 11 2,101 6 172 2,290 Agriculture and forestry ..................................................................11,499 - 9,977 - 884 10,861 Other assets with credit risk ......................................................4,720 - - - - - Financial guarantees .................................................................20,312 2,378 3,872 37 3,288 9,575 Undrawn loan commitments and unused overdrafts .................163,147 - - - - - Fair value through OCI ..............................................................115,806 - - - - - Government bonds ................................................................96,908 - - - - - Bonds issued by financial institutions and corporates ............18,898 - - - - - Balance at the end of the year ................................................1,546,293 28,663 800,617 51,754 108,199 989,233
55
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
LTV ratio for residential mortgage lending
Collateral for financial assets in stage 3
Collateral repossessed
At the end of the year, the gross carrying amount of assets in stage 3 was ISK 19,857 million (31.12.2022: ISK 12,903 million) with ISK
17,465 million in collateral (31.12.2022: ISK 10,627 million), thereof ISK 16,036 million in real estate (31.12.2022: 9,434 million).
The following table describes the loan to value (LTV) and impairment status of the Group's residential mortgage portfolio. LTV is calculated
as the ratio of the total exposure of individual borrowers to the value of the pledged real estate without adjusting for possible costs of
obtaining and selling the collateral. An exposure to a particular borrower appears in a single row in the table (whole-loan approach). The
residential real estate valuation model used gives an estimate of current value on a monthly basis. This model is used when the market
transaction value becomes older than 2 years.
The following table gives an alternative representation of the loan to value profile of the mortgage portfolio. Here, each exposure is split
into pieces and each piece is placed into the appropriate LTV bucket. A single exposure can therefore be spread between several rows in
the table (loan-splitting approach).
During the year, the Group took possession of assets due to foreclosures. The total value of real estate the Group took possession of
during the year and still holds at the end of the year was ISK 25 million (31.12.2022: nil) but nil in other assets (31.12.2022: nil). Assets
aquired due to foreclosure are held for sale, see Note 30.
Thereof in Stage 32023 2022 2023 2022Less than 50% ...............................................................................................................205,543 172,790 2,215 1,817 50-60% ..........................................................................................................................105,773 91,201 888 511 60-70% ..........................................................................................................................100,722 90,224 1,374 826 70-80% ..........................................................................................................................75,783 86,856 1,166 408 80-90% ..........................................................................................................................57,165 69,629 339 429 90-100% .........................................................................................................................3,332 2,111 130 153 More than 100% .............................................................................................................1,951 1,171 305 118 Not classified ..................................................................................................................- 25 - - Gross carrying amount at the end of the period ........................................................550,269 514,007 6,417 4,262
Thereof in Stage 32023 2022 2023 2022Less than 55% ...............................................................................................................487,095 445,185 5,457 3,643 55-70% ..........................................................................................................................45,134 48,024 620 380 70-80% ..........................................................................................................................13,198 16,045 183 132 80-90% ..........................................................................................................................3,777 3,895 72 65 90-100% .........................................................................................................................642 516 41 20 More than 100% .............................................................................................................423 317 44 22 Not classified ..................................................................................................................- 25 - - Gross carrying amount at the end of the period ........................................................550,269 514,007 6,417 4,262
56
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
Large exposures
Credit quality
The Group had no large exposure at the end of the year (31.12.2022: two large exposures).
The Group uses internal credit ratings and external credit ratings, if available, to monitor credit risk. The Group's internal credit rating
system rates customers through application of statistical models based on a variety of information that has been determined to be
predictive of default. This includes demographic, behavioral, financial and economic data, coupled with qualitative expert judgment for
large corporate exposures. Six exposure type models rate individuals' exposures – mortgages, consumer loans, auto loans, guarantees,
loans to individuals for work purposes, and other loans. The models are validated annually and recalibrated and updated with current data
with the aim of maintaining their predictive power. Year-on-year changes in risk classification of loans may in part be due to model
refinement. External ratings are primarily used for marketable securities and loans to credit institutions. For further information on the rating
scales used, see Note 59.
The following tables show financial instruments subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9 broken down by rating scale, where risk
class 5, DD, represents exposures in default. Assets carried at fair value through profit and loss are not subject to the impairment
requirements of IFRS 9. The tables below sum up the gross carrying amount of assets by rating class and impairment stage. The gross
carrying amount net of loss allowance is the book value of the underlying assets. For off-balance sheet exposures, the nominal amount is
shown. FVOCI stands for fair value through other comprehensive income.
Exposures that are 'Unrated' are typically due to newly formed entities, entities for which the Bank's rating models are not applicable or no
external rating is available.
A large exposure is defined as an exposure to a group of financially related borrowers which is equal to or exceeds 10% of the Group's Tier
1 capital according to the Financial Undertakings Act No. 161/2002. The legal maximum for individual large exposures is 25% of Tier 1
capital, net of eligible credit risk mitigation.
20232022No.Gross Net Gross Net1 .....................................................................................................................................<10% <10% 11.5% 11.5%2 .....................................................................................................................................<10% <10% 10.3% 10.3%Sum of large exposure gross and net > 10% ..............................................................0.0% 0.0% 21.8% 21.8%
57
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
FVOCI
Credit quality profile for financial instruments subject to IFRS 9 impairment requirementsFinancial Cash and Loans to instru-2023balances credit ments atwith CB institutionsLoans to credit institutions, securities and cashInvestment grade ..............................................................................................................................102,095 28,835 129,567 Non-investment grade ......................................................................................................................- - - Gross carrying amount ...................................................................................................................102,095 28,835 129,567 Loss allowance .................................................................................................................................- - (3)Book value ......................................................................................................................................102,095 28,835 129,564 Loans to customersStage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Risk class 0 - (Grades AAA to A-) ................................................................407,636 4,102 - 6 411,744 Risk class 1 - (Grades BBB+ to BBB-) ........................................................321,459 997 - 162 322,618 Risk class 2 - (Grades BB+ to BB-) ..............................................................229,165 27,870 - 23 257,058 Risk class 3 to 4 - (Grades B+ to CCC-) ......................................................90,096 59,724 - 5 149,825 Risk class 5 - (DD) .......................................................................................- - 19,610 247 19,857 Unrated ........................................................................................................238 - - - 238 Gross carrying amount ..............................................................................1,048,594 92,693 19,610 443 1,161,340 Loss allowance ............................................................................................(2,348) (2,091) (4,020) (92) (8,551)Book value .................................................................................................1,046,246 90,602 15,590 351 1,152,789 Loans to customers - IndividualsRisk class 0 - (Grades AAA to A-) ..........................................................310,023 373 - 6 310,402 Risk class 1 - (Grades BBB+ to BBB-) ..................................................208,557 689 - 162 209,408 Risk class 2 - (Grades BB+ to BB-) ........................................................42,480 19,203 - 23 61,706 Risk class 3 to 4 - (Grades B+ to CCC-) ................................................10,777 10,835 - 5 21,617 Risk class 5 - (DD) .................................................................................- - 8,320 156 8,476 Unrated ..................................................................................................8 - - - 8 Gross carrying amount ........................................................................571,845 31,100 8,320 352 611,617 Loss allowance ......................................................................................(559) (532) (1,381) (1) (2,473)Book value ...........................................................................................571,286 30,568 6,939 351 609,144 Loans to customers - CorporatesRisk class 0 - (Grades AAA to A-) ..........................................................97,613 3,729 - - 101,342 Risk class 1 - (Grades BBB+ to BBB-) ..................................................112,902 308 - - 113,210 Risk class 2 - (Grades BB+ to BB-) ........................................................186,685 8,667 - - 195,352 Risk class 3 to 4 - (Grades B+ to CCC-) ................................................79,319 48,889 - - 128,208 Risk class 5 - (DD) .................................................................................- - 11,290 91 11,381 Unrated ..................................................................................................230 - - - 230 Gross carrying amount ........................................................................476,749 61,593 11,290 91 549,723 Loss allowance ......................................................................................(1,789) (1,559) (2,639) (91) (6,078)Book value ...........................................................................................474,960 60,034 8,651 - 543,645 Loan commitments, guarantees and unused credit facilitiesRisk class 0 to 1 (Grades AAA to BBB-) ......................................................91,232 30 - - 91,262 Risk class 2 to 4 (Grades BB+ to CCC-) .....................................................51,795 4,660 292 - 56,747 Unrated ........................................................................................................4,893 - - - 4,893 Nominal ......................................................................................................147,920 4,690 292 - 152,902 Loss allowance ............................................................................................(236) (125) (2) - (363)Nominal less loss allowance .....................................................................147,684 4,565 290 - 152,539
58
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
Financial Cash and Loans to instru-2022balances credit ments atwith CB institutions FVOCILoans to credit institutions, securities and cashInvestment grade ..............................................................................................................................114,118 43,433 115,811 Non-investment grade ......................................................................................................................- - - Gross carrying amount ...................................................................................................................114,118 43,433 115,811 Loss allowance .................................................................................................................................- - (6)Book value ......................................................................................................................................114,118 43,433 115,805 Loans to customersStage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Risk class 0 - (Grades AAA to A-) ................................................................394,307 1,681 - - 395,988 Risk class 1 - (Grades BBB+ to BBB-) ........................................................316,636 3,157 - 115 319,908 Risk class 2 - (Grades BB+ to BB-) ..............................................................196,778 35,275 - 53 232,106 Risk class 3 to 4 - (Grades B+ to CCC-) ......................................................85,101 44,415 - 14 129,530 Risk class 5 - (DD) .......................................................................................- - 12,561 341 12,902 Unrated ........................................................................................................1,239 - - - 1,239 Gross carrying amount ..............................................................................994,061 84,528 12,561 523 1,091,673 Loss allowance ............................................................................................(2,334) (1,519) (2,932) (131) (6,916)Book value .................................................................................................991,727 83,009 9,629 392 1,084,757 Loans to customers - IndividualsRisk class 0 - (Grades AAA to A-) ..........................................................293,411 1,552 - - 294,963 Risk class 1 - (Grades BBB+ to BBB-) ..................................................203,585 2,749 - 115 206,449 Risk class 2 - (Grades BB+ to BB-) ........................................................41,795 13,064 - 53 54,912 Risk class 3 to 4 - (Grades B+ to CCC-) ................................................11,301 10,325 - 14 21,640 Risk class 5 - (DD) .................................................................................- - 5,861 161 6,022 Unrated ..................................................................................................160 - - - 160 Gross carrying amount ........................................................................550,252 27,690 5,861 343 584,146 Loss allowance ......................................................................................(445) (287) (1,043) - (1,775)Book value ...........................................................................................549,807 27,403 4,818 343 582,371 Loans to customers - CorporatesRisk class 0 - (Grades AAA to A-) ..........................................................100,896 129 - - 101,025 Risk class 1 - (Grades BBB+ to BBB-) ..................................................113,051 408 - - 113,459 Risk class 2 - (Grades BB+ to BB-) ........................................................154,983 22,211 - - 177,194 Risk class 3 to 4 - (Grades B+ to CCC-) ................................................73,800 34,090 - - 107,890 Risk class 5 - (DD) .................................................................................- - 6,700 180 6,880 Unrated ..................................................................................................1,079 - - - 1,079 Gross carrying amount ........................................................................443,809 56,838 6,700 180 507,527 Loss allowance ......................................................................................(1,889) (1,232) (1,889) (131) (5,141)Book value ...........................................................................................441,920 55,606 4,811 49 502,386 Loan commitments, guarantees and unused credit facilitiesRisk class 0 to 1 - (Grades AAA to BBB-) ....................................................109,205 23 - - 109,228 Risk class 2 to 4 - (Grades BB+ to CCC-) ...................................................60,752 9,110 271 - 70,133 Unrated ........................................................................................................4,094 4 - - 4,098 Nominal ......................................................................................................174,051 9,137 271 - 183,459 Loss allowance ............................................................................................(351) (93) (5) - (449)Nominal less loss allowance .....................................................................173,700 9,044 266 - 183,010
59
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
Sector split, gross carrying value and loss allowance for financial instruments subject to IFRS 9 impairment requirements
Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3Gross Gross Gross Carrying Loss Carrying Loss Carrying Loss Book2023amount allowance amount allowance amount allowance valueLoans to credit instit., securities & cash ..................- (3) - - - - (3)Loans to individuals ................................................571,845 (559) 31,296 (532) 8,476 (1,382) 609,144 Mortgages ...........................................................516,885 (233) 26,967 (351) 6,417 (314) 549,371 Other ...................................................................54,960 (326) 4,329 (181) 2,059 (1,068) 59,773 Loans to corporates ................................................476,749 (1,789) 61,593 (1,559) 11,381 (2,730) 543,645 Real estate activities ...........................................100,610 (327) 10,633 (233) 4,369 (951) 114,101 Construction ........................................................72,394 (386) 5,255 (52) 572 (55) 77,728 Fishing industry ...................................................73,245 (121) 8,922 (48) 1,519 (745) 82,772 Information and communication technology .........24,621 (202) 1,636 (145) 179 (77) 26,012 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................75,987 (252) 13,052 (466) 2,629 (630) 90,320 Financial and insurance activities ........................30,072 (214) 11,797 (261) 128 (5) 41,517 Industry, energy and manufacturing ....................52,771 (98) 1,811 (88) 458 (58) 54,796 Transportation .....................................................4,389 (19) 4,058 (89) 141 (20) 8,460 Services ..............................................................18,521 (91) 3,017 (151) 1,052 (157) 22,191 Public Sector .......................................................14,075 (59) 200 (4) 1 (1) 14,212 Agriculture and forestry .......................................10,064 (20) 1,212 (22) 333 (31) 11,536 Balance at the end of the year ..............................1,048,594 (2,351) 92,889 (2,091) 19,857 (4,112) 1,152,786 2022Loans to credit instit., securities & cash ..................273,362 (6) - - - - 273,356 Loans to individuals ................................................550,252 (445) 27,872 (287) 6,022 (1,043) 582,371 Mortgages ...........................................................486,371 (116) 23,373 (125) 4,262 (160) 513,605 Other ...................................................................63,881 (329) 4,499 (162) 1,760 (883) 68,766 Loans to corporates ................................................443,809 (1,889) 56,838 (1,232) 6,880 (2,020) 502,386 Real estate activities ...........................................94,680 (213) 8,668 (87) 2,609 (353) 105,304 Construction ........................................................51,280 (401) 4,161 (74) 252 (10) 55,208 Fishing industry ...................................................81,810 (193) 9,633 (137) 368 (54) 91,427 Information and communication technology .........21,372 (81) 3,410 (99) 49 (29) 24,622 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................68,357 (321) 16,508 (499) 1,904 (944) 85,005 Financial and insurance activities ........................33,478 (247) 8,244 (171) 79 (5) 41,378 Industry, energy and manufacturing ....................41,992 (128) 2,286 (32) 42 (6) 44,154 Transportation .....................................................13,877 (73) 205 (6) 61 (6) 14,058 Services ..............................................................16,183 (136) 2,421 (110) 1,385 (588) 19,155 Public Sector .......................................................10,323 (42) 299 (4) - - 10,576 Agriculture and forestry .......................................10,457 (54) 1,003 (13) 131 (25) 11,499 Balance at the end of the year ..............................1,267,423 (2,340) 84,710 (1,519) 12,902 (3,063) 1,358,113
60
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
** During the year the loss allowance balance for stage 3 loans was raised by ISK 576 million due to unwinding of interest income.
*** During the year an amount of ISK 598 million was written off but is still subject to enforcement activities subject to Icelandic law.
Comprise the impact of changes in model inputs or assumptions, including changes in forward-looking macroeconomic conditions, partial
repayments and additional draws on existing facilities, inflation, changes in the measurement following a transfer between stages, effects
of foreign exchange rate changes, impairment of interest income due to impaired debt instruments and unwinding of the time value
discount due to the passage of time.
Transfers of financial assets between impairment stages
Derecognitions and maturities
The amount after net remeasurements of loss allowance written off during the period.
* These amounts are a combination of all impairments, including an allowance for loan commitments and guarantees presented as a liability in these Consolidated
Financial Statements.
**** Loss allowance for all assets other than cash, bonds and loans to credit institutions.
Reflect the allowance related to assets derecognized during the period without a credit loss being incurred, including those assets that
were derecognized following a modification of terms.
2023Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Impairment loss allowance *Balance at the beginning of the year ............................................................(2,685) (1,612) (2,937) (131) (7,365)Transfers of financial assets:Transfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) ...................................................(1,530) 1,250 280 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ........................................................436 (989) 553 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) ...........................82 304 (386) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance ** ......................................................2,111 (1,362) (2,376) 39 (1,588)New financial assets, originated or purchased .............................................(1,749) (339) (313) - (2,401)Derecognitions and maturities ......................................................................679 511 513 - 1,703 Write-offs *** ................................................................................................72 21 644 - 737 Impairment loss allowance **** .................................................................(2,584) (2,216) (4,022) (92) (8,914)Impairment loss allowances for assets only carrying 12-month ECL ............(3) - - - (3)Total impairment loss allowance ..............................................................(2,587) (2,216) (4,022) (92) (8,917)
Write-offs
The table below reconciles the opening and closing allowance balance for loans to customers and debt securities at amortized cost and
FVOCI and loan commitments, guarantees and unused credit facilities by impairment stages. The reconciliation includes:
All transfers are presumed to occur before any corresponding remeasurement of the loss allowance.
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
New financial assets, originated or purchased
Include purchases and originations and reflect the allowance related to assets newly recognized during the period.
61
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
Impairment loss allowance for loans to customersStage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Balance at the beginning of the year ......................................................(2,334) (1,519) (2,932) (131) (6,916)Transfers of financial assets:Transfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) .............................................(1,437) 1,157 280 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ..................................................420 (973) 553 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) .....................81 301 (382) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance ...................................................1,859 (1,294) (2,380) 39 (1,776)New financial assets, originated or purchased .......................................(1,528) (235) (313) - (2,076)Derecognitions and maturities ................................................................519 451 510 - 1,480 Write-offs ...............................................................................................72 21 644 - 737 Total loss allowance for loans to customers .....................................(2,348) (2,091) (4,020) (92) (8,551)Impairment loss allowance for loans to customers - IndividualsBalance at the beginning of the year ................................................(445) (287) (1,043) - (1,775)Transfers of financial assetsTransfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) .......................................(564) 426 138 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ............................................112 (155) 43 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) ...............19 190 (209) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance .............................................438 (800) (697) (1) (1,060)New financial assets, originated or purchased .................................(233) (114) (152) - (499)Derecognitions and maturities ..........................................................113 188 264 - 565 Write-offs .........................................................................................1 20 275 - 296 Total loss allowance for loans to individuals ...............................(559) (532) (1,381) (1) (2,473)Impairment loss allowance for loans to customers - CorporatesBalance at the beginning of the year ................................................(1,889) (1,232) (1,889) (131) (5,141)Transfers of financial assetsTransfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) .......................................(873) 731 142 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ............................................308 (818) 510 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) ...............62 111 (173) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance .............................................1,421 (494) (1,683) 40 (716)New financial assets, originated or purchased .................................(1,295) (121) (161) - (1,577)Derecognitions and maturities ..........................................................406 263 246 - 915 Write-offs .........................................................................................71 1 369 - 441 Total loss allowance for loans to corporates ...............................(1,789) (1,559) (2,639) (91) (6,078)Impairment loss allowance for loan commitments, guarantees and unused credit facilities Balance at the beginning of the year ......................................................(351) (93) (5) - (449)TransfersTransfers to 12-month ECL .............................................................(93) 93 - - - Transfers to lifetime ECL .................................................................16 (16) - - - Transfers to credit impaired .............................................................1 3 (4) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance ...................................................252 (68) 4 - 188 New financial commitments originated ...................................................(221) (104) - - (325)Derecognitions and maturities ................................................................160 60 3 - 223 Total loss allowance for loan commit., guarantees, unused facilities .........(236) (125) (2) - (363)
62
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
2022Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Impairment loss allowance *Balance at the beginning of the year ............................................................(1,606) (1,897) (4,824) (1) (8,328)Transfers of financial assets:Transfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) ...................................................(1,213) 929 284 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ........................................................310 (891) 581 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) ...........................42 169 (211) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance ** ......................................................1,178 (121) (1,065) 1 (7)New financial assets, originated or purchased .............................................(2,192) (265) (1,048) (131) (3,636)Derecognitions and maturities ......................................................................795 457 2,120 (166) 3,206 Write-offs *** ................................................................................................1 7 1,226 166 1,400 Impairment loss allowance **** .................................................................(2,685) (1,612) (2,937) (131) (7,365)Impairment loss allowances for assets only carrying 12-month ECL ............(6) - - - (6)Total impairment loss allowance ..............................................................(2,691) (1,612) (2,937) (131) (7,371)* These amounts are a combination of all impairments, including an allowance for loan commitments and guarantees presented as a liability in these ConsolidatedFinancial Statements. ** During the year the loss allowance balance for stage 3 loans was raised by ISK 528 million due to unwinding of interest income.*** During the year an amount of ISK 910 million was written off but is still subject to enforcement activities subject to Icelandic law.**** Loss allowance for all assets other than cash, bonds and loans to credit institutions.Impairment loss allowance for loans to customersStage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Balance at the beginning of the year ......................................................(1,313) (1,806) (4,480) (1) (7,600)Transfers of financial assets:Transfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) .............................................(1,044) 760 284 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ..................................................289 (870) 581 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) .....................41 168 (209) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance ...................................................921 41 (777) 1 186 New financial assets, originated or purchased .......................................(1,683) (196) (1,048) (131) (3,058)Derecognitions and maturities ................................................................454 377 1,491 (166) 2,156 Write-offs ...............................................................................................1 7 1,226 166 1,400 Total loss allowance for loans to customers .....................................(2,334) (1,519) (2,932) (131) (6,916)Impairment loss allowance for loans to customers - IndividualsBalance at the beginning of the year ................................................(492) (246) (1,151) (1) (1,890)Transfers of financial assetsTransfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) .......................................(525) 326 199 - - Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ............................................92 (148) 56 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) ...............18 138 (156) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance .............................................581 (378) (474) 1 (270)New financial assets, originated or purchased .................................(241) (74) (75) - (390)Derecognitions and maturities ..........................................................121 86 272 - 479 Write-offs .........................................................................................1 7 286 - 294 Total loss allowance for loans to individuals ...............................(445) (289) (1,043) - (1,777)
63
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
Macroeconomic forecast
Sensitivity analysis
Regarding macroeconomic outlook, see Note 3, Significant accounting estimates and judgements. The Group calculates loss for three
different scenarios, optimistic, neutral and pessimistic and the loss allowance is the weighted average of the results. As a sensitivity
analysis, it can be noted that the loss allowance in stage 1 and 2 for each of these scenarios separately is ISK 1.5 billion, ISK 3.0 billion
and ISK 8.8 billion for the optimistic, base case and pessimistic scenarios, respectively (31.12.2022: ISK 1.8 billion, ISK 3.1 billion and ISK
8.4 billion, respectively).
The calculation of expected credit losses under IFRS 9 uses forward-looking information in the form of scenarios where the development of
macro-economic variables is predicted. The expected credit loss is a probability-weighted average of the estimated forecasts over three
scenarios: base case 60%, pessimistic 30% and optimistic 10% (31.12.2022: base case 65%, pessimistic 25% and optimistic 10%). The
macroeconomic forecast and scenario probability weights is done by the Bank’s Chief Economist and approved by the Bank’s Executive
Risk Committee. The following table shows values used for IFRS 9 impairment calculations.
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Impairment loss allowance for loans to customers - CorporatesBalance at the beginning of the year ................................................(821) (1,560) (3,329) - (5,710)Transfers of financial assetsTransfers to Stage 1 (12-month ECL) .......................................(520) 434 85 - (1)Transfers to Stage 2 (lifetime ECL) ............................................197 (722) 525 - - Transfers to Stage 3 (credit impaired financial assets) ...............23 29 (53) - (1)Net remeasurement of loss allowance .............................................340 419 (303) - 456 New financial assets, originated or purchased .................................(1,441) (123) (973) (131) (2,668)Derecognitions and maturities ..........................................................333 291 1,219 (166) 1,677 Write-offs .........................................................................................- - 940 166 1,106 Total loss allowance for loans to corporates ...............................(1,889) (1,232) (1,889) (131) (5,141)Impairment loss allowance for loan commitments, guarantees and unused credit facilities Balance at the beginning of the year ......................................................(293) (91) (344) - (728)TransfersTransfers to 12-month ECL .............................................................(169) 169 - - - Transfers to lifetime ECL .................................................................21 (21) - - - Transfers to credit impaired .............................................................1 1 (2) - - Net remeasurement of loss allowance ...................................................257 (162) (288) - (193)New financial commitments originated ...................................................(509) (69) - - (578)Derecognitions and maturities ................................................................341 80 629 - 1,050 Total loss allowance for loan commit., guarantees, unused facilities .........(351) (93) (5) - (449)
Base case2024 2025 2026Unemployment rate ..........................................................................................................................4.4% 4.4% 4.2%Housing prices, year-on-year change ...............................................................................................2.5% 4.7% 6.9%Private consumption, growth .............................................................................................................1.9% 2.7% 2.9%GDP growth ......................................................................................................................................2.3% 2.7% 2.5%OptimisticPessimistic2024 2025 2026 2024 2025 2026Unemployment rate ...................................................................3.3% 3.7% 4.0% 6.2% 5.6% 4.4%Housing prices, year-on-year change ........................................7.0% 7.7% 7.4% -4.0% 1.2% 7.9%Private consumption, growth .....................................................4.7% 3.5% 3.1% -1.8% 1.9% 2.5%GDP growth ...............................................................................4.2% 3.2% 2.9% -1.2% 2.5% 2.3%
64
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
44. Credit risk, continued
Forbearance
Volcanic activity
The Group grants forbearance measures to facilities where the customer is facing temporary difficulties and needs measures which would
not generally be available to customers. These forbearance measures include refinancing and renegotiations of loan terms, including loan
extensions and adjustment of the payment schedule. After forbearance measures have been granted, the facility is classified as forborne
for a period of at least 24 months. The forborne classification is not removed until the customer has demonstrated repayment capacity.
The volcanic events in the vicinity of Grindavík have an impact on the credit quality of a section of the Group’s loan portfolio. The carrying
amount of loans to individuals and corporates domiciled in the area is ISK 10.3 billion, thereof ISK 8.3 billion to corporates and ISK 2.0
billion to individuals. These loans are well collateralized with strong average LTVs of 53% for the mortgage portfolio and 42% for the
corporate portfolio. Of the loans to corporates, ISK 6.0 billion is secured by fishing vessels with appurtenant quota which are not impacted
by the events. The other main collateral is residential and commercial real estate. These are required by law to be insured against the risk
of fire based on an official fire insurance value, which is generally higher than the tax value in the area. The Natural Catastrophe Insurance
of Iceland covers real estate up to the fire insurance value in case of destruction by a natural disaster. Compensation has been paid out for
some of the properties that have been deemed destroyed.
It should be noted that these events are still ongoing, with an eruption occurring after the year-end reporting date on 14-15 January, with
lava flow partly within the town’s perimeter. Thus, the Bank will continue to monitor the situation and work with its customers through these
times of uncertainty. The Bank has transferred most of the exposure in Grindavík (96%) to stage 2 as this event amounts to a significant
increase in credit risk. Impairments remain modest but the assessment of expected credit losses will be subject to careful and continuous
review in the coming quarters. Potential government intervention may impact the Group's assessment.
Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3TotalGross Gross Gross Grosscarrying Loss carrying Loss carrying Loss carrying LossaGross Gross Gross Lossamountlallowancecarrying allowancecarrying allowancecarrying allowance2023Individuals ............................................ 2,614 (17) 2,001 (39) 3,873 (467) 8,488 (523)Companies ........................................... 3,432 (21) 13,242 (415) 2,659 (519) 19,333 (955) Tourism .............................................. 2,049 (15) 8,980 (376) 1,358 (254) 12,387 (645) Other than tourism ............................. 1,383 (6) 4,262 (39) 1,301 (265) 6,946 (310)Total .................................................... 6,046 (38) 15,243 (454) 6,532 (986) 27,821 (1,478)2022Individuals ............................................ - - 7,948 (42) 2,254 (257) 10,202 (299)Companies ........................................... - - 16,815 (606) 3,529 (1,259) 20,344 (1,865) Tourism .............................................. - - 13,100 (563) 2,511 (1,065) 15,611 (1,628) Other than tourism ............................. - - 3,715 (43) 1,018 (194) 4,733 (237)Total .................................................... - - 24,763 (648) 5,783 (1,516) 30,546 (2,164)
65
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45. Market risk
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk
Market risk arises from imbalances in the Group's balance sheet as well as in market making activities and position taking in bonds,
equities, currencies, derivatives and other commitments which are marked to market.
Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in market rates adversely affect net interest income and fair value of interest-
bearing instruments on the Group's balance sheet. The Group's operations are subject to interest rate risk due to mismatches in the fixing
of interest rates between assets and liabilities, resulting in a repricing risk for the Group. The Group also faces interest basis risk between
interest-bearing assets and interest-bearing liabilities due to different types of floating-rate indices in different currencies.
The Group manages and limits market risk exposure in accordance with its risk appetite and strategic goals for net profit.
The Group tracks market risk closely and separates its exposures for the trading book and the banking book. Market risk in the trading
book arises from market making activities and non-strategic derivatives positions arising from the Group's operations of meeting
customers' investment and risk management needs. Market risk in the banking book arises from various mismatches in assets and
liabilities in e.g. currencies, maturities and interest rates. Market risk in the trading book and in the banking book is managed separately.
Following the outbreak of Covid-19, the Central Bank of Iceland lowered interest rates to historic lows, resulting in a sharp increase in
demand for non-indexed mortgages with floating rates in 2020 and 2021. Inflation in Iceland, measured at 7.7% at year-end 2023, has
exceeded the Central Bank’s target of 2.5% since June 2020 and is expected to remain over the target throughout 2024 at least. The
Central Bank has responded by increasing interest rates by 8.5% from its lowest value of 0.75% at the start of 2021. From the second half
of 2021 to the start of 2022, this resulted in a sharp increase in demand for non-indexed fixed rate mortgages with corresponding increase
in interest rate risk for the Bank. This risk exposure is receding as the bulk of those loans is subject to interest rate reset in 2024. Interest
rate risk for indexed rates is however increasing due to new issuance of fixed-rate indexed covered bonds.
Market risk allowance is set by the Board in the Bank's risk appetite and limit frameworks are in place for each trading desk. The Asset and
Liability Committee (ALCO) is responsible for managing the Bank's overall market risk. Risk Management is responsible for measuring and
monitoring market risk exposure, and reporting the exposure, usage and limit breaches.
Market risk is the current or prospective risk that changes in financial market prices and rates adversely affect the Group's earnings and
equity due to changes to the value and cash flows of its assets and liabilities.
The Group's interest rate risk for foreign currencies is limited as foreign denominated assets predominantly have short fixing periods and
the Group generally applies fair value hedging for its foreign denominated fixed rate borrowings. For domestic rates, longer fixing periods
are more common.
The following table shows the Group's interest-bearing assets and liabilities by interest fixing periods. The figures for loans to customers
and borrowings are shown on a fair value basis, see Note 25, and are therefore different from the amounts shown in these Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements. Defaulted loans are presented at book value, which is based on the value of the underlying collateral,
and are therefore assumed to be independent of interest adjustment periods and placed in the 'Up to 3 months' category.
2023Up to 3 3-12 1-5 5-10 Over 10Assetsmonths months years years years TotalBalances with Central Bank .......................................................102,095 - - - - 102,095 Loans to credit institutions .........................................................28,835 - - - - 28,835 Loans to customers ...................................................................782,864 170,223 191,527 749 - 1,145,363 Bonds and debt instruments ......................................................79,710 46,599 14,657 9,150 7,081 157,197 Bonds and debt instruments used for hedging ...........................403 617 199 977 2,196 Derivatives ................................................................................108,752 75,100 182,078 - - 365,930 Assets ......................................................................................1,102,256 292,325 388,879 10,098 8,058 1,801,616 LiabilitiesDue to credit institutions and Central Bank ................................2,771 - - - - 2,771 Deposits ....................................................................................785,509 7,201 - - - 792,710 Derivatives ................................................................................221,119 134,951 8,389 - - 364,459 Borrowings ...............................................................................22,775 68,633 268,304 46,906 12,390 419,008 Subordinated liabilities ...............................................................- 7,005 34,149 - - 41,154 Liabilities .................................................................................1,032,174 217,790 310,842 46,906 12,390 1,620,102 Net interest gap ......................................................................70,082 74,535 78,037 (36,808) (4,332) 181,514
66
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45. Market risk, continued
The following table shows the sensitivity of the Group's net present value (NPV) of interest-bearing assets and liabilities, due to changes in
interest rates by currencies. The variation is calculated on the basis of simultaneous parallel shifts upwards or downwards of yield curves.
The choice of shifts is not an estimate of risk likelihood. Behavioral maturities are taken into account in the NPV calculations, including
prepayment likelihood and expected behavior of non-maturing deposits.
Sensitivity analysis of interest rate risk
20232022NPV change in the banking book -100 bps +100 bps -100 bps +100 bpsISK, CPI index-linked .....................................................................................................(1,855) 1,721 (1,994) 2,782 ISK, Non index-linked .....................................................................................................(1,487) 1,462 (1,106) 886 Foreign currencies .........................................................................................................(418) 416 (36) 32 NPV change in the trading bookISK, CPI index-linked .....................................................................................................133 (122) 173 (156)ISK, Non index-linked .....................................................................................................195 (185) 211 (199)Foreign currencies .........................................................................................................(31) 31 (38) 38
2022Up to 3 3-12?1-5 5-10 Over 10Assetsmonths months years years years Total0Balances with Central Bank .......................................................114,118 - - - - 114,118 Loans to credit institutions .........................................................45,501 0- - - - 45,501 Loans to customers ...................................................................679,615 0100,734 234,246 3,076 - 1,017,671 Bonds and debt instruments ......................................................79,754 043,433 7,181 5,682 2,124 138,174 Bonds and debt instruments used for hedging ...........................- 023 1,890 664 1,313 3,890 Derivatives ................................................................................127,576 071,983 231,337 - - 0430,896 Assets ......................................................................................1,046,564 216,173 474,654 9,422 3,437 1,750,250 Liabilities0Due to credit institutions and Central Bank ................................11,697 - - - - 11,697 Deposits ....................................................................................753,439 01,922 - - - 755,361 Derivatives ................................................................................123,579 0292,009 13,445 - - 429,033 Borrowings ...............................................................................35,373 03,411 298,896 32,446 11,300 381,426 Subordinated liabilities ...............................................................- 06,819 29,387 12,104 - 48,310 Liabilities .................................................................................924,088 304,161 341,728 44,550 11,300 1,625,827 Net interest gap ......................................................................122,476 (87,988) 132,926 (35,128) (7,863) 124,423
67
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45. Market risk, continued
Indexation risk
* Consolidated situation as per EU Regulation No 575/2013 (CRR)
A significant part of the Group's balance sheet is linked to the Icelandic Consumer Price Index (CPI). For index-linked instruments,
principal and interest payments are adjusted proportionally to the CPI. The Group is exposed to indexation risk as indexed assets exceed
indexed liabilities. Financial instruments held for liquidity or market making purposes are assumed to be on demand.
2022Assets, CPI index-linkedLoans to customers ........................................................................................................8,525 37,589 210,878 256,992 Financial instruments .....................................................................................................5,208 3,435 9,684 18,327 Assets, CPI index-linked ..............................................................................................13,733 41,024 220,562 275,319 Liabilities, CPI index-linkedDeposits .........................................................................................................................89,217 20,240 3,493 112,950 Borrowings .....................................................................................................................336 67,836 45,661 113,833 Subordinated liabilities ...................................................................................................- - 15,735 15,735 Other ..............................................................................................................................1,121 251 1,393 2,765 Off-balance sheet position ..............................................................................................1,889 1,520 - 3,409 Liabilities, CPI indexed linked .....................................................................................92,563 89,847 66,282 248,692 Net on-balance sheet position ........................................................................................(76,941) (47,303) 154,280 30,036 Net off-balance sheet position ........................................................................................(1,889) (1,520) - (3,409)CPI balance ...................................................................................................................(78,830) (48,823) 154,280 26,627 CPI balance for prudential consolidation, excluding insurance operations * ..........(77,727) (52,007) 144,954 15,220
Book value and maturity profile of indexed assets and liabilities2023Up to 1 1 to 5 Over 5Assets, CPI index-linkedyear years years TotalLoans to customers ........................................................................................................11,667 81,695 282,842 376,204 Financial instruments .....................................................................................................7,813 5,028 8,797 21,638 Assets, CPI index-linked ..............................................................................................19,480 86,723 291,639 397,842 Liabilities, CPI index-linkedDeposits .........................................................................................................................111,523 16,253 3,939 131,715 Borrowings .....................................................................................................................373 81,870 58,920 141,163 Subordinated liabilities ...................................................................................................- - 16,997 16,997 Other ..............................................................................................................................- - 1,028 1,028 Off-balance sheet position ..............................................................................................1,466 151 - 1,617 Liabilities, CPI index-linked .........................................................................................113,362 98,274 80,884 292,520 Net on-balance sheet position ........................................................................................(92,416) (11,400) 210,755 106,939 Net off-balance sheet position ........................................................................................(1,466) (151) - (1,617)CPI balance ...................................................................................................................(93,882) (11,551) 210,755 105,322 CPI balance for prudential consolidation, excluding insurance operations * ..........(95,084) (16,579) 201,957 90,296
68
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45. Market risk, continued
Currency risk
Currency risk is the risk of loss due to adverse movements in foreign exchange rates. The Group is exposed to currency risk through a
currency mismatch between assets and liabilities. Net exposures per currency are monitored centrally in the Bank.
** Management monitors currency risk with more assets and liabilities underlying as it is considered to be a more accurate measurement of the Group's currency
exposure. The net position, as seen by the management, is the position used for managing the currency imbalance.
* The net position of the currency risk is presented in accordance with IFRS.
Breakdown of assets and liabilities by currency2023Financial assetsISK EUR USD GBP DKK NOK Other TotalCash and balances with CB ..................100,837 412 301 112 137 28 268 102,095 Loans to credit institutions .................... 1,321 11,870 10,833 1,214 1,513 299 1,785 28,835 Loans to customers .............................. 961,822 105,897 52,705 1,150 28,602 1,327 1,286 1,152,789 Financial instruments ............................ 86,667 87,955 13,446 158 205 15,753 1,522 205,706 Other financial assets ........................... 5,107 264 6,808 - 5 4 - 12,188 Financial assets .................................. 1,155,754 206,398 84,093 2,634 30,462 17,411 4,861 1,501,613 Financial liabilitiesDue to credit inst. and Central Bank ..... 2,096 185 432 - - - 58 2,771 Deposits ............................................... 691,181 33,847 56,528 4,317 3,273 1,599 1,965 792,710 Financial liabilities at fair value ............. 1,573 9,156 739 - - 169 9 11,646 Other financial liabilities ........................ 6,156 1,426 2,024 250 538 138 258 10,790 Borrowings ........................................... 184,019 215,728 - - - 13,526 7,187 420,460 Subordinated liabilities .......................... 20,155 766 13,217 - - 4,096 3,045 41,279 Financial liabilities ............................. 905,180 261,108 72,940 4,567 3,811 19,528 12,522 1,279,656 Net on-balance sheet position .............. 250,574 (54,710) 11,153 (1,933) 26,651 (2,117) (7,661)Net off-balance sheet position .............. (32,394) 58,658 (11,253) 1,851 (26,069) 2,075 7,132 Net position * ...................................... 218,180 3,948 (100) (82) 582 (42) (529)Non-financial assetsInvestment property .............................. 9,493 - - - - - - 9,493 Investments in associates .................... 789 - - - - - - 789 Intangible assets .................................. 8,051 - - - - - - 8,051 Tax assets ............................................ 39 - - - - - - 39 Assets and disposal groupsheld for sale ....................................... 62 - - - - - - 62 Other non financial assets .................... 5,201 233 78 85 1 27 - 5,625 Non-financial assets ........................... 23,635 233 78 85 1 27 - 24,059 Non-financial liabilities and equityTax liabilities ......................................... 11,169 - - - - - - 11,169 Other non-financial liabilities ................. 35,493 48 2 - 1 - 2 35,546 Shareholders' equity ............................. 198,798 - - - - - - 198,798 Non-controlling interest ......................... 503 - - - - - - 503 Non-financial liabilities and equity .... 245,963 48 2 - 1 - 2 246,016 Management reportingof currency risk ** ............................ (4,148) 4,133 (24) 3 582 (15) (531)
69
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45. Market risk, continued
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
*** The management monitors currency risk with more assets and liabilities underlying as it is considered to be a more accurate measurement of the Group's
currency exposure. The net position, as seen by the management, is the position used for managing the currency imbalance.
2022*Financial assetsISK EUR USD GBP DKK NOK Other TotalCash and balances with CB ..................112,744 593 257 127 85 43 269 114,118 Loans to credit institutions .................... 1,414 11,884 23,809 3,444 553 1,270 3,127 45,501 Loans to customers .............................. 888,036 114,378 51,053 1,551 27,965 146 1,628 1,084,757 Financial instruments ............................ 107,687 62,878 3,443 88 372 18,817 44 193,329 Other financial assets ........................... 4,292 274 123 11 4 - 1 4,705 Financial assets .................................. 1,114,173 190,007 78,685 5,221 28,979 20,276 5,069 1,442,410 Financial liabilitiesDue to credit inst. and Central Bank ..... 9,777 252 231 9 2 - 1,426 11,697 Deposits ............................................... 662,541 35,413 46,102 3,058 3,023 3,099 2,125 755,361 Financial liabilities at fair value ............. 1,784 16,970 2,008 1 1 195 38 20,997 Other financial liabilities ........................ 2,227 1,234 1,775 257 223 589 222 6,527 Borrowings ........................................... 158,071 216,045 - - - 15,303 3,144 392,563 Subordinated liabilities .......................... 18,891 772 13,396 - - 4,383 9,889 47,331 Financial liabilities ............................. 853,291 270,686 63,512 3,325 3,249 23,569 16,844 1,234,476 Net on-balance sheet position .............. 261,257 (80,679) 15,173 1,896 25,730 (3,293) (11,775)Net off-balance sheet position .............. (51,950) 81,095 (15,967) (1,950) (25,649) 3,161 11,260 Net position ** ..................................... 209,307 416 (794) (54) 81 (132) (515)Non-financial assetsInvestment property .............................. 7,862 - - - - - - 7,862 Investments in associates .................... 787 - - - - - - 787 Intangible assets .................................. 8,783 - - - - - - 8,783 Tax assets ............................................ 135 - - - - - - 135 Assets and disposal groupsheld for sale ....................................... 61 - - - - - - 61 Other non financial assets .................... 5,275 128 66 86 - 11 6 5,572 Non-financial assets ........................... 22,903 128 66 86 - 11 6 23,200 Non-financial liabilities and equityTax liabilities ......................................... 10,303 - - - - - - 10,303 Other non-financial liabilities ................. 32,816 51 6 - 1 - - 32,874 Shareholders' equity ............................. 187,307 - - - - - - 187,307 Non-controlling interest ......................... 649 - - - - - - 649 Non-financial liabilities and equity .... 231,075 51 6 - 1 - - 231,133 Management reportingof currency risk *** .......................... 1,135 493 (734) 32 80 (121) (509)
** The net position of the currency risk is presented in accordance with IFRS.
70
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
45. Market risk, continued
Sensitivity analysis for currency risk
Equity risk
Sensitivity analysis for equity risk
Derivatives
Derivatives are a part of the Group's customer product offering. The types of derivatives currently offered are forward contracts, swaps and
options. Eligible underlying market factors are interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equities and commodities. Exposure limits, hedging
requirements and collateral requirements are determined in accordance with the Group's risk appetite and monitored by Risk Management
on a daily basis. The Group also uses derivatives to hedge market risk on its balance sheet. Note 25 provides a breakdown of the Group's
derivative positions by type.
Equity risk is the risk that the fair value of equities decreases. For information on assets seized and held for sale and equity exposures,
see Notes 31 and 24 respectively.
The table below indicates the currencies to which the Group had significant exposure at the end of the year. The analysis calculates the
effect of a reasonably possible movement of the currency rate against the ISK, with all other variables held constant, on the Consolidated
Income Statement (due to the fair value of currency sensitive non-trading monetary assets and liabilities). A negative amount in the table
reflects a potential net reduction in the Consolidated Income Statement or equity, while a positive amount reflects a net potential increase.
An equivalent decrease in each of the below currencies against the ISK would have resulted in an equivalent but opposite impact (+10%
denotes a depreciation of the ISK).
The analysis below calculates the effect of a reasonable possible movement in equity prices that affect the Consolidated Financial
Statements. A negative amount in the table reflects a potential net reduction in the Consolidated Income Statement or equity, while a
positive amount reflects a potential net increase. Investments in associates are excluded. The result of value-at-risk calculations for the
trading book are shown in the Group's Pillar 3 Risk Disclosures.20232022Equity -10% +10% -10% +10%Trading book - listed .......................................................................................................(334) 334 (165) 165 Banking book - listed ......................................................................................................(397) 397 (477) 477 Banking book - unlisted ..................................................................................................(526) 526 (430) 430
20232022Currency -10% +10% -10% +10%EUR ...............................................................................................................................(413) 413 (49) 49 USD ...............................................................................................................................2 (2) 73 (73)GBP ...............................................................................................................................(0) 0 (3) 3 DKK ...............................................................................................................................(58) 58 (8) 8 NOK ...............................................................................................................................2 (2) 12 (12)Other ..............................................................................................................................53 (53) 51 (51)
71
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
46. Liquidity and Funding risk
Maturity analysis of assets and liabilities
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group, though solvent, either does not have sufficient financial resources available to meet its liabilities
when they fall due, or can secure them only at excessive cost. Liquidity risk arises from the inability to manage unplanned decreases or
changes in funding sources.
Contractual cash flows differ in many ways from expected cash flows. The difference is most significant for deposits on the liability side and
bonds on the asset side. Deposits are always assumed to be withdrawn at the earliest possible date, despite the fact that a large part of
the deposit base is considered to be stable funding where behavioral maturity considerably exceeds contractual maturity. Furthermore,
although contractual cash flows are presented for bonds held by the Bank, a large portion of the bonds are a part of the Bank's liquidity
buffer and are considered to be highly liquid and can be sold or pledged to the Central Bank of Iceland and thus converted into cash at
very short notice.
The maturity analysis is based on contractual cash flows. The amounts are not discounted and include future interest payments, but CPI-
linked amounts do not include accrued indexation due to future inflation. The total amount for each item is higher than the corresponding
amount on the Group's balance sheet, since the amounts on the balance sheet are either at amortized cost and do not contain future
interest payments, or at fair value where future cash flows have been discounted.
Liquidity risk is one of the Group's most significant risk factors and a great deal of emphasis is placed on managing it. The Asset and
Liability Committee (ALCO) is responsible for managing liquidity and funding risk within the risk appetite set by the Board of Directors. The
Bank's Treasury manages liquidity positions on a day-to-day basis. Risk Management measures, monitors and reports the Bank's liquidity
and funding risk on a daily basis.
A primary source of funding for the Group is deposits from individuals, businesses and financial undertakings. The Group's liquidity risk
stems from the fact that the maturity of loans exceeds the maturity of deposits, of which 71% is on-demand.
The Group's strategy in relation to liquidity risk is to actively manage its liquidity positions and risks to meet payment and settlement
obligations on a timely basis under both normal and stressed conditions. The Group seeks to maintain a stable funding profile which
supports its business strategy and liquidity profile, ensuring that the Group can withstand periods of market turbulence, without reliance on
volatile funding or external support.
Contractual cash flow of assets and liabilities2023 On Up to 3 3-12 1-5 Over 5 With no BookFinancial assetsdemand months months years years maturity Total valueCash and balances with CB .................. 2,556 83,848 16,227 - - - 102,631 102,095 Loans to credit institutions .................... 20,977 7,842 16 - - - 28,835 28,835 Loans to customers .............................. 6,942 161,250 155,075 531,276 1,385,530 - 2,240,073 1,152,789 Financial instruments ............................ 9,376 81,687 47,647 17,548 13,463 39,711 209,432 205,706 Derivatives - assets leg ...........................- 42,180 33,090 31,428 - - 106,698 94,662 Derivatives - liabilities leg ........................- (39,292) (32,374) (27,621) - - (99,287) (88,060)Other financial instruments ......................9,376 78,799 46,931 13,741 13,463 39,711 202,021 199,104 Other financial assets ........................... 519 9,229 774 1,666 - - 12,188 12,188 Financial assets .................................. 40,370 343,856 219,739 550,490 1,398,993 39,711 2,593,159 1,501,613 Financial liabilitiesDue to credit inst. and Central Bank ......1,640 1,162 - - - - 2,802 2,771 Deposits ............................................... 561,728 191,128 21,724 16,906 - - 791,486 792,710 Financial liabilities at fair value ............. - 3,791 5,726 16,209 - - 25,726 11,646 Derivatives - assets leg ...........................- (30,271) (10,276) (4,118) - - (44,665) (39,726)Derivatives - liabilities leg ........................- 34,001 16,002 20,327 - - 70,330 51,311 Short position in bonds ............................- 61 - - - - 61 61 Other financial liabilities ........................ 76 9,640 340 734 - - 10,790 10,790 Borrowings ........................................... - 1,191 92,107 304,564 63,417 - 461,279 420,460 Subordinated liabilities .......................... - 1,291 1,776 20,326 32,471 - 55,864 41,279 Financial liabilities ............................. 563,444 208,203 121,673 358,739 95,888 - 1,347,947 1,279,656 Net position for assets and liab. ........ (523,074) 135,653 98,066 191,751 1,303,105 39,711 1,245,212 221,957 Off-balance sheet itemsFinancial guarantees ............................ - 4,005 6,629 3,711 7,418 - 21,763 21,763 Unused overdraft .................................. - 61,951 - - - - 61,951 61,951 Undrawn loan commitments ................. - 44,220 15,009 9,354 605 - 69,188 69,188 Off-balance sheet items ..................... - 110,176 21,638 13,065 8,023 - 152,902 152,902 Net contractual cash flow .................. (523,074) 25,477 76,428 178,686 1,295,082 39,711 1,092,310 69,055
72
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
46. Liquidity and Funding risk, continued
Net Stable Funding Ratio
The Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) measures the amount of available stable funding (ASF) with the Group against the required stable
funding (RSF) as per the definition of the Central Bank of Iceland rules No. 750/2021. In general, RSF is determined by applying different
weights to different asset classes depending on the level of liquidity. ASF however is calculated by applying weights to the Group's
liabilities depending on maturity and stickiness. The NSFR in total shall exceed 100%.
2022* On Up to 3 3-12 1-5 Over 5 With no BookFinancial assetsdemand months months years years maturity Total valueCash and balances with CB .................. 18,183 88,515 7,531 - - - 114,229 114,118 Loans to credit institutions .................... 23,904 21,597 31 - - - 45,532 45,501 Loans to customers .............................. 2,282 139,996 147,972 470,458 1,138,049 - 1,898,757 1,084,757 Financial instruments ............................ 8,527 77,677 43,773 12,384 15,775 41,749 199,885 193,329 Derivatives - assets leg ...........................- 76,104 22,301 32,447 - - 130,852 123,547 Derivatives - liabilities leg ........................- (69,826) (19,032) (29,503) - - (118,361) (114,031)Other financial instruments ......................8,527 71,399 40,504 9,440 15,775 41,749 187,394 183,813 Other financial assets ........................... 488 858 2,611 763 - - 4,720 4,720 Financial assets .................................. 53,384 328,643 201,918 483,605 1,153,824 41,749 2,263,123 1,442,425 Financial liabilitiesDue to credit inst. and Central Bank ......7,233 4,484 - - - - 11,717 11,697 Deposits ............................................... 545,764 102,796 84,239 20,568 3,795 - 757,162 755,361 Financial liabilities at fair value ............. - 1,647 2,973 18,487 - - 23,107 20,997 Derivatives - assets leg ...........................- (25,891) (25,670) (12,131) - - (63,692) (62,420)Derivatives - liabilities leg ........................- 27,527 28,643 30,618 - - 86,788 83,406 Short position in bonds used for hedging - 11 - - - - 11 11 Other financial liabilities ........................ 109 5,121 343 954 - - 6,527 6,527 Borrowings ........................................... - 21,755 14,169 338,265 50,794 - 424,983 392,563 Subordinated liabilities .......................... - 1,402 1,634 19,685 36,111 - 58,832 47,331 Financial liabilities ............................. 553,106 137,205 103,358 397,959 90,700 - 1,282,328 1,234,476 Net position for assets and liab. ........ (499,722) 191,438 98,560 85,646 1,063,124 41,749 980,795 207,949 Off-balance sheet itemsFinancial guarantees ............................ - 2,194 10,024 2,058 6,036 - 20,312 20,312 Unused overdraft .................................. - 57,259 - - - - 57,259 57,259 Undrawn loan commitments ................. - 47,464 27,308 27,686 3,430 - 105,888 105,888 Off-balance sheet items ..................... - 106,917 37,332 29,744 9,466 - 183,459 183,459 Net contractual cash flow .................. (499,722) 84,521 61,228 55,902 1,053,658 41,749 797,336 24,490
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
2023 2022Available stable funding .....................................................................................................................................1,167,158 1,109,623 Required stable funding .....................................................................................................................................982,601 931,991 Net stable funding ratio ...................................................................................................................................119% 119%
The NSFR calculations are based solely on figures for the parent company. The Bank's subsidiaries have negligible impact on the funding
ratio.
73
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
46. Liquidity and Funding risk, continued
Liquidity coverage ratio
As of January 2023 rules no. 266/2017 were replaced with rules no. 1520/2022 which reference the EU LCR regulations directly. The
minimum requirement for the total LCR remains at 100% but the requirement for the LCR in ISK changed to 50% and there is no longer
any minimum requirement for the aggregate position in all foreign currencies. Instead the bank is required to maintain an 80% minimum for
the LCR in EUR.
*** LCR is defined as: LCR = Weighted liquid assets / (weighted cash outflows - weighted cash inflows) where weighted cash inflows are capped at 75% of
weighted cash outflows.
The Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) is one of the standards introduced in the Basel III Accord. The LCR is the result of a stress test that is
designed to ensure that banks have the necessary assets on hand to withstand short-term liquidity disruptions. More precisely, LCR
represents the balance between highly liquid assets and the expected net cash outflow of the Group in the next 30 days under stressed
conditions.
To qualify as highly liquid assets under the LCR rules, assets must be non-pledged, liquid and easily priced on the market, traded on an
active market and not issued by the Group or related entities.
* Level 1 assets include the Group's cash and balances with the Central Bank, domestic bonds eligible as collateral at the Central Bank and foreign government
bonds which receive 100% weight.
** Short-term deposits with other banks are defined as cash inflows in LCR calculations.
The following table shows the breakdown for the Group's LCR calculations.Total all2023ISK EURcurrenciesLiquid assets level 1 * ......................................................................................................................124,792 83,916 243,122 Liquid assets level 2 ........................................................................................................................9,302 - 9,302 Liquid assets ...................................................................................................................................134,094 83,916 252,424 Deposits ..........................................................................................................................................131,959 9,158 164,787 Borrowings .......................................................................................................................................672 - 759 Other cash outflows .........................................................................................................................5,402 10,436 12,380 Cash outflows .................................................................................................................................138,033 19,594 177,926 Short-term deposits with other banks ** ...........................................................................................- 8,569 19,918 Other cash inflows ...........................................................................................................................23,118 888 26,412 Cash inflows ...................................................................................................................................23,118 9,457 46,330 Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) *** .................................................................................................117% 828% 192%2022ISK FX TotalLiquid assets level 1 * ......................................................................................................................139,562 73,729 213,291Liquid assets level 2 ........................................................................................................................23,956 - 23,956 Liquid assets ...................................................................................................................................163,518 73,729 237,247 Deposits ..........................................................................................................................................155,507 34,631 190,138Borrowings .......................................................................................................................................580 73 653Other cash outflows .........................................................................................................................9,868 6,266 13,949Cash outflows .................................................................................................................................165,955 40,970 204,740Short-term deposits with other banks ** ...........................................................................................- 23,388 23,388Other cash inflows ...........................................................................................................................23,854 7,794 31,648Cash inflows ...................................................................................................................................23,854 31,182 55,036 Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) *** .................................................................................................115% 720% 158%
74
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
46. Liquidity and Funding risk, continued
Composition of liquid assets
LCR deposit categorization
As per the LCR methodology, the Group's deposit base is split into different categories depending on customer type. A second
categorization is used where term deposits refer to deposits with residual maturity greater than 30 days. Deposits that can be withdrawn
within 30 days are marked stable if the customer has a business relationship with the Group and the amount is covered by the Deposit
Insurance Scheme. Other deposit funds are considered less stable. A weight is attributed to each category, representing the expected
outflow under stressed conditions, i.e. the level of stickiness.
The table below shows the breakdown of the Group's deposit base according to the LCR categorization, with the associated weighted
average of the stressed outflow weights.
The following table shows the composition of the Group's liquidity buffer.
ISK USD EUR Other Total2023Cash and balances with Central Bank .........................................................100,837 301 412 545 102,095 Short-term deposits with financial institutions ..............................................- 6,961 8,569 4,388 19,918 Domestic bonds eligible as collateral with Central Bank ..............................30,046 - - - 30,046 Foreign government bonds .........................................................................- 18,888 83,504 14,675 117,067 Liquidity reserve ........................................................................................130,883 26,150 92,485 19,608 269,126 2022Cash and balances with Central Bank .........................................................112,744 257 593 524 114,118 Short-term deposits with financial institutions ..............................................- 14,125 4,456 4,807 23,388 Domestic bonds eligible as collateral with Central Bank ..............................50,116 - - - 50,116 Foreign government bonds .........................................................................- - 55,915 16,435 72,350 Liquidity reserve ........................................................................................162,860 14,382 60,964 21,766 259,972
* Here term deposits refer to deposits with maturities greater than 30 days.
LCR categorization - amounts and LCR outflow weightsDeposits maturing within 30 daysLess Weight Weight Term Total2023 stable % Stable % deposits* depositsIndividuals .................................................................................107,999 10% 115,140 5% 146,109 369,248 Small and medium enterprises ..................................................106,030 10% 17,758 5% 19,827 143,615 Operational relationship .............................................................7,540 25% - 5% - 7,540 Corporations ..............................................................................116,348 40% 15,759 20% 22,679 154,786 Sovereigns, central banks and PSE ..........................................27,678 40% 15 0 753 28,446 Pension funds ...........................................................................47,390 100% - - 17,211 64,601 Domestic financial entities .........................................................20,521 100% - - 4,780 25,301 Foreign financial entities ............................................................1,944 100% - - - 1,944 Total .........................................................................................435,450 148,672 211,359 795,481 2022Individuals .................................................................................99,019 10% 117,733 5% 108,788 325,540 Small and medium enterprises ..................................................102,870 10% 16,972 5% 10,155 129,997 Operational relationship .............................................................14,801 25% - 5% - 14,801 Corporations ..............................................................................108,565 40% 15,493 20% 10,907 134,965 Sovereigns, central banks and PSE ..........................................43,869 40% - - 778 44,647 Pension funds ...........................................................................56,987 100% - - 14,561 71,548 Domestic financial entities .........................................................39,740 100% - - 4,913 44,653 Foreign financial entities ............................................................908 100% - - - 908 Total .........................................................................................455,538 150,199 161,321 767,058
75
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
47. Capital management
Capital adequacy
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
The Bank has opted to make use of the transitional arrangements for IFRS 9 and Covid-19 in its capital adequacy calculations and this is
reflected in the Group's capital ratios. The transitional arrangements increase the capital adequacy ratio by 0.1 percentage points.
** On 31 December 2023, the deduction consists of 50% of profits as per the Bank's dividend policy. On 31 December 2022, the foreseeable dividend and buyback
corresponded to 50% of profits and the remaining part of the buyback authorized by the Central Bank in September 2022.
Risk-weighted exposure amount (REA) Credit risk, loans and off-balance sheet items .....................................................................................................732,760 707,479 Credit risk, securities and other ...........................................................................................................................52,032 56,714 Credit risk, derivatives and repos ........................................................................................................................7,442 14,645 Market risk due to currency imbalance ................................................................................................................4,751 1,387 Market risk due to trading book positions ............................................................................................................11,066 7,493 Credit valuation adjustment .................................................................................................................................3,680 6,010 Operational risk ...................................................................................................................................................98,740 89,166 Total risk-weighted exposure amount .............................................................................................................910,471 882,894
Capital ratios CET1 ratio ...........................................................................................................................................................19.7% 18.8% Tier 1 ratio ...........................................................................................................................................................21.2% 20.3% Capital adequacy ratio .........................................................................................................................................24.1% 24.0%
The Group's consolidated situation as stipulated in CRR is the Group's accounting consolidation excluding insurance subsidiaries, in
particular Vördur.
Own funds 2023 2022*Total equity .........................................................................................................................................................199,301 187,956 Non-controlling interest not eligible for inclusion in CET1 capital .........................................................................(503) (649)Common Equity Tier 1 capital before regulatory adjustments .......................................................................198,798 187,307 Intangible assets .................................................................................................................................................(7,211) (6,425)Additional value adjustments ...............................................................................................................................(227) (224)Foreseeable dividend and buyback ** .................................................................................................................(12,877) (15,980)Adjustment under IFRS 9 transitional arrangements as amended .......................................................................952 1,142 Common Equity Tier 1 capital ..........................................................................................................................179,435 165,820 Non-controlling interest eligible for inclusion in T1 capital ....................................................................................117 105 Additional Tier 1 capital .......................................................................................................................................13,217 13,396 Tier 1 capital ......................................................................................................................................................192,769 179,321 Tier 2 instruments ...............................................................................................................................................28,062 33,935 Tier 2 instruments of financial sector entities (significant investments) ................................................................(1,247) (1,155)Tier 2 capital ......................................................................................................................................................26,815 32,780 Total own funds .................................................................................................................................................219,584 212,101
The focus of capital management at the Group is to normalize the capital structure in the medium term and consequently maintain the
Group's capitalization comfortably above regulatory requirements, including the Pillar 2 and combined capital buffer requirements.
The Group's capital ratios are calculated in accordance with the Icelandic Financial Undertakings Act No. 161/2002 with later changes,
through which CRD V / CRR II have been adopted. The Group applies the standardized approach to calculate capital requirements for
credit risk, including counterparty credit risk, credit valuation adjustment risk, market risk and operational risk.
76
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
47. Capital management, continued
Leverage ratio
The Bank carries out an ongoing process, the Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP), with the aim to ensure that the
Group has in place sufficient risk management processes and systems to identify, manage and measure the Group's total risk exposure.
The ICAAP is aimed at identifying and measuring the Group's risk across all risk types and ensure that the Group has sufficient capital in
accordance with its risk profile. The FSA supervises the Group, receives the Group's internal estimation on the capital adequacy and sets
the Pillar 2R capital requirements for the Group as a whole following the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP). The Group's
own funds exceed the FSA's SREP requirements.
** The SREP result based on the Group's Financial Statement at 31 December 2022. The Pillar 2R requirement is 2.1% of risk-weighted exposure amount based
on the Group's prudential consolidation under CRR, which excludes Vördur.
* The Icelandic buffer value shown. In the combined buffer requirement, the effective countercyclical capital buffer is determined by calculating the weighted
average of the corresponding buffer levels of each country, the weights being the total risk-weighted exposures for credit risk against counterparties residing in
those countries. The systemic risk buffer only applies to domestic exposures and is calculated using the same weighting method.
The leverage ratio is seen as a complementary measure to the risk-based capital ratios. The ratio is calculated on the basis of the Group's
consolidated situation as per the CRR, which excludes the Group's insurance subsidiaries. The minimum leverage ratio requirement is 3%
as stated in the Icelandic Financial Undertakings Act No. 161/2002.
Capital requirement, % of REACET1 Tier 1 TotalPillar 1 capital requirement ...............................................................................................................4.5% 6.0% 8.0% Pillar 2R capital requirement ** .........................................................................................................1.2% 1.6% 2.1% Combined buffer requirement * .........................................................................................................9.2% 9.2% 9.2% Regulatory capital requirement .....................................................................................................14.9% 16.8% 19.3% Available capital ...............................................................................................................................19.7% 21.2% 24.1%
The Pillar 1 and Pillar 2R capital requirements may comprise 56.25% CET1 capital, 18.75% AT1 capital and 25% Tier 2 capital.
Capital buffer requirement, % of REA2023 2022Capital conservation buffer ..................................................................................................................................2.5% 2.5% Capital buffer for systematically important institutions .........................................................................................2.0% 2.0% Systemic risk buffer * ..........................................................................................................................................3.0% 3.0% Countercyclical capital buffer * ............................................................................................................................2.0% 2.0% Combined capital buffer requirement ..............................................................................................................9.5% 9.5%
The following table outlines the implementation of the capital buffer requirements in accordance with the Icelandic Financial Undertakings
Act No. 161/2002, as prescribed by the Financial Stability Council (FSC) and approved by the FSA.
2023 2022On-balance sheet exposures ...............................................................................................................................1,477,968 1,415,353 Derivative exposures ...........................................................................................................................................15,953 32,118 Repos .................................................................................................................................................................10,326 10,174 Off-balance sheet exposures ..............................................................................................................................46,087 59,723 Total exposure ...................................................................................................................................................1,550,334 1,517,368 Tier 1 capital ......................................................................................................................................................192,769 179,321 Leverage ratio .....................................................................................................................................................12.4% 11.8%
Capital ratios of the parent company2023 2022CET1 ratio ...........................................................................................................................................................19.9% 18.8% Tier 1 ratio ...........................................................................................................................................................21.4% 20.3% Capital adequacy ratio .........................................................................................................................................24.3% 23.9%
77
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
47. Capital management, continued
MREL
48. Operational risk
The Group uses the standardized approach for the calculation of capital requirements for operational risk.
Operational risk is the risk of direct or indirect loss, or damage to the Group's reputation resulting from inadequate or failed internal
processes or systems, from human error or external events that affect the Group's image and operational earnings.
Each business unit within the Group is primarily responsible for taking and managing their own operational risk. Risk management is
responsible for developing and maintaining tools for identifying, measuring, monitoring and reporting the Group's operational risk.
The solvency capital requirement for the subsidiary Vördur is calculated in accordance with the Icelandic Insurance Companies Act.
The Group must fulfil a minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities (MREL) in accordance with the Act on Resolution of
Credit Institutions and Investment Firms, no. 70/2020, as amended, which transposes BRRD I/II into Icelandic law. Own funds which are
not used to fulfil the combined buffer requirement can be used towards the MREL requirements. In October 2023, the Icelandic Resolution
Authority (IRA) presented the Group with the MREL requirements based on year-end 2022 financials. The requirements are expressed as
a fraction of total REA, and as a fraction of the total exposure measure. Both ratios are shown in the table below. The Bank expects an
MREL subordination requirement to come into effect in Iceland on 1 August 2026.
Minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities2023 2022Own funds ...........................................................................................................................................................219,584 212,101 Eligible liabilities ..................................................................................................................................................124,955 155,667 Own funds and eligible liabilities .....................................................................................................................344,539 367,768 Combined buffer requirement (CBR) ...................................................................................................................83,763 82,196 Own funds and eligible liabilities not used for CBR .......................................................................................260,775 285,572 Risk-weighted exposure amount (REA) ...............................................................................................................910,471 882,894 Own funds and eligible liabilities not used for CBR (% REA) ...............................................................................28.6% 32.3% MREL requirement (% REA) ..............................................................................................................................20.2% 23.0% Total exposure measure (TEM) ...........................................................................................................................1,550,334 1,517,368 Own funds and eligible liabilities (% TEM) ...........................................................................................................22.2% 24.2% MREL requirement (% TEM) ..............................................................................................................................6.0%
Solvency II for insurance subsidiary VördurExcess of assets over liabilities in accordance with Solvency II ..........................................................................10,232 9,175 Subordinated liabilities ........................................................................................................................................1,263 1,169 Foreseeable dividends ........................................................................................................................................- - Own funds .........................................................................................................................................................11,495 10,344 Solvency capital requirements (SCR) ..................................................................................................................8,294 7,114 SCR ratio ............................................................................................................................................................138.6% 145.4%
78
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023 Amounts are in ISK millions
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
49. Sustainability risk
The Green Financing Framework
The Bank's Green Financing Framework was published in 2021. Under this framework the Bank can issue Green Financing Instruments,
including covered bonds, bonds, loans, commercial paper, repurchase agreements and deposits. The use of proceeds from these
instruments is restricted to the financing of eligible assets as defined in the Framework. Eligible assets are divided into several eligible
categories with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Framework furthermore details the processes for identifying eligible assets, for
reporting on use of the framework and for external review. Before the introduction of this framework the Bank had a framework for green
deposits but these frameworks have been merged.
Sustainability risk is the risk that certain activities or practices compromise the Bank's assets or reputation or the ability of future
generations or segments of society to meet their own needs. This can be due to negative effects on the environment, natural or cultural
resources or social conditions. The Bank‘s Sustainability Committee is responsible for reviewing the Bank‘s performance in relation to its
commitments and policies in relation to environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors and aligning the Bank‘s strategy and risk
appetite with them.
Green Financing Instruments2023 2022Deposits ..............................................................................................................................................................25,477 21,274 Borrowings ..........................................................................................................................................................98,801 97,405 Book value .........................................................................................................................................................124,278 118,679 Identified eligible green assets by categorySustainable fishery and aquaculture ....................................................................................................................25,493 51,936 Renewable energy ..............................................................................................................................................429 - Clean transportation ............................................................................................................................................6,317 4,879 Green buildings ...................................................................................................................................................67,484 64,232 Energy efficiency .................................................................................................................................................16,644 8,189 Pollution prevention and control and wastewater management ...........................................................................6,523 6,174 Book value .........................................................................................................................................................122,890 135,410
79
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Significant accounting policies
50. Going concern assumption
51. Principles underlying the consolidation
Subsidiaries
Business combinations
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Non-controlling interests
–
–
The Group's management has made an assessment of the ability to continue as a going concern and is satisfied that the Group has the
resources to continue. In making this assessment, management has taken into consideration the risk exposures facing the Group, which
are further described in the Risk Management Disclosures. The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared on a going concern basis.
The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements are consistent with those followed in the
preparation of the Annual Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2022, except for when there have been made
amendmends to current IFRS valid from 1 January 2023, Icelandic Act on Financial Statements, Act on Financial Undertakings and rules on
Accounting for Credit Institutions. A number of new standards and interpretations were effective from 1 January 2023. Only IFRS 17
Insurance contracts had some effects on these Consolidated Financial Statements.
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Financial Statements of subsidiaries are included in the Consolidated Financial
Statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. The Financial Statements of the subsidiaries are
prepared for the same reporting period as the parent entity, using consistent accounting policies.
at their proportionate share of the acquiree's identifiable net assets, which are generally at fair value.
Changes in the Group's interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
the fair value of the consideration transferred; plus
power over the investee (i.e. existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee);
the ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns.
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, i.e. when control is transferred to the
Group. The Group controls an investee if, and only if, the Group has:
Generally, there is a presumption that a majority of voting rights result in control. To support this presumption and when the Group has less
than a majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee, the Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether
it has power over an investee, including (i) the contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee, (ii) rights arising from
other contractual arrangements and (iii) the Group's voting rights and potential voting rights. The Group re-assesses whether or not it
controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control.
exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and
Transaction costs incurred are expensed and included in administration expense.
For each business combination, the Group elects to measure any non-controlling interests in the acquiree either:
if the business combination is achieved in stages, the fair value of the pre-existing equity interest in the acquiree; less
the recognized amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree; less
When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognized immediately in profit or loss.
Non-controlling interests represent the portion of profit or loss and equity not owned, directly or indirectly, by the Group; such interests are
presented separately in the Income Statement and are included in equity in the Statement of Financial Position, separately from equity
attributable to owners of the Group.
at fair value; or
the net recognized amount (generally fair value) of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
The Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as:
IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts came into effect on 1 January 2023. The standard apply to all issued insurance and reinsurance contracts.
The issuers of insurance contracts should present them in the balance sheet as the sum of the cash flow and the margin yielded by the
contracts. Cash flow refers to the estimated premiums which the company collects minus the payment of claims and cost, taking into
account time and risk. Margin refers to the estimated profit from the insurance contracts. The impact of the standard on the company’s
results was not significant. The insurance reserve in the balance sheet at the beginning of 2023 was considerably lower than the reserve
according to the previous methods. Firstly, the presentation of the premium reserve is such that only pre-paid premiums are considered
part of the premium reserve, which resulted in a considerable decrease in the reserve and a corresponding decrease in receivables.
Secondly, the calculation of the claims reserve changes somewhat and did not have a significant impact on the reserve amount.
80
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
51. Principles underlying the consolidation, continued
Loss of control
Transactions eliminated on consolidation
Funds management
52. Associates
Impairment on investments in associates
53. Foreign currency
Foreign currency transactions
Intragroup balances, income and expenses arising from intragroup transactions, are eliminated in preparing the Consolidated Financial
Statements. This also applies to subsidiaries classified as disposal groups held for sale.
Upon loss of significant influence over the associate, the Group measures and recognizes any retained investment at its fair value. Any
difference between the carrying amount of the associate upon loss of significant influence and the fair value of the retained investment and
proceeds from disposal is recognized in profit or loss.
The Financial Statements include the Group's share of the total recognized income and expenses of associates from the date that
significant influence commences until the date that significant influence ceases. When the Group's share of losses exceeds its carrying
value of associate, the Group's carrying amount is reduced to nil and recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that
the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. If the associate subsequently reports
profits, the Group resumes recognizing its share of those profits only after its share of the profits equals the share of losses not recognized.
On the loss of control, the Group derecognizes the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any non-controlling interests and the other
components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any surplus or deficit arising on the loss of control is recognized in profit or loss.
When assessing whether to consolidate investment funds, the Group reviews all facts and circumstances to determine whether the Group,
as fund manager, is acting as agent or principal. The Group is deemed to be a principal, and hence controls and consolidates a fund, when
the Group acts as fund manager and cannot be removed without cause, has variable returns through significant holdings, and is able to
influence the returns of the funds by exercising its power. The Group is defined as agent in all instances.
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of Group entities at exchange rates at the dates of
transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslated to the functional
currency at the exchange rate at that date. All differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are taken to the Income
Statement. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are reported at historic cost.
After applying the equity method to account for investments in associates, the Group determines whether it is necessary to recognize any
impairment loss with respect to its investments in associates. The Group first determines whether there is any objective evidence that an
investment in an associate is impaired. If such evidence exists, the Group then tests the entire carrying amount of the investment for
impairment, by comparing its recoverable amount, which is the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell, with its carrying
amount. The recoverable amount of an investment in an associate is assessed for each associate, unless the associate does not generate
cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of those from other assets of the Group. The excess of the carrying amount
over the recoverable amount is recognized in the Income statement as an impairment loss. Impairment losses are subsequently reversed
through the Income Statement if the reasons for the impairment loss no longer apply.
Items included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of each of the Group's subsidiaries are measured using the functional currency of
the respective entity.
The considerations made in determining significant influence are similar to those necessary to determine control over subsidiaries.
The Group manages and administers assets held in unit trusts and investment vehicles on behalf of investors. The Financial Statements of
these entities are not included in these Consolidated Financial Statements except when the Group controls the entity.
Associates are those entities over which the Group has a significant influence, i.e. the power to participate in the financial and operating
policy decisions of the associates but not control or joint control over those policies. Significant influence generally exists when the Group
holds 20% or more of the voting power, including potential voting rights, unless it can be clearly demonstrated that this is not the case.
Investments in associates are initially recognized at cost. The carrying amount of investments in associates includes intangible assets and
accumulated impairment loss.
The Group's investments in its associate are accounted for using the equity method.
81
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
54. Interest
–
–
–
55. Fee and commission
56. Net financial income
i)
ii)
iii)
57. Insurance service results
amortized cost;
Interest income and expense presented in the Income Statement include Income and expenses of assets and liabilities carried at:
Net foreign exchange gain comprise all foreign exchange differences arising on the settlement of foreign currency monetary assets and
liabilities and on translating foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities at rates different from those at which they were translated on
initial recognition during the year or in previous Consolidated Financial Statements.
Net foreign exchange gain also include foreign exchange differences arising on translating non-monetary assets and liabilities which are
measured at fair value in foreign currencies and whose other gain and loss are also recognized in profit or loss.
Net gain on financial assets and liabilities at fair value comprises all realized and unrealized fair value changes, except for interest
(which is included in Interest income and Interest expense) and foreign exchange gain and losses (which are included in Net foreign
exchange gains as described below).
Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established. Usually this is the ex-dividend date for equity securities.
The Group provides various services to its clients and earns income therefrom, such as income from Corporate Banking, Retail Banking,
Capital Markets, Corporate Finance, Asset Management and Private Banking. Fees earned from services that are provided over a certain
period of time are recognized as the services are provided, i.e. point in time. Fees earned from transaction type services are recognized
when the service has been completed, i.e. point in time. Fees that are performance linked are recognized when the performance criteria are
fulfilled, i.e. point in time.
fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).
The calculation of the effective interest rate includes all transaction costs and fees and points paid or received that are an integral part of
the effective interest rate. Transaction costs include incremental costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of a financial
asset or financial liability.
Interest income and expense are recognized in the Income Statement using the effective interest method. The effective interest rate is the
rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments and receipts through the expected life of the financial asset or liability (or,
where appropriate, a shorter period) to the carrying amount of the financial asset or liability. The effective interest rate is established on
initial recognition of the financial asset and financial liability and is not revised subsequently.
fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL); and
Net financial income comprises Dividend income, Net gain on financial assets and liabilities at fair value and Net foreign exchange gain.
Insurance service expenses are claims incurred during the year and the increase or decrease due to claims from last year, acquisition cost
and other costs from activities, such as marketing costs, salary costs, office and administration costs.
Fees and commission income and expenses that are integral to the effective interest rate on a financial asset or liability are included in the
measurement of the effective interest rate.
Insurance revenues recognized in the Income Statement are insurance premium and other income from insurance contracts earned during
the operating year.
82
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
58. Income tax expense
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities
Recognition and initial measurement
Derecognition
Debt instruments
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Debt instruments, including loans and debt securities, are classified into one of the following measurement categories:
amortized cost;
All other debt instruments are carried at FVTPL.
Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, using tax rates
enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
it is held within a business model whose objective is to collect contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL); or
fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).
its contractual cash flows are SPPI.
The Group initially recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities on the date that they are originated at the fair value of consideration
paid. Regular-way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the trade date at which the Group commits to purchase or sell
assets. All other financial assets and liabilities are recognized on the trade date, which is the date that the Group becomes a party to the
contractual provision of the instrument.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to
taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities
and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.
A debt instrument is measured at FVOCI only if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax for the year has been calculated and recognized in the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
A debt instrument is measured at amortized cost only if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
its contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding (here after SPPI).
A financial asset or financial liability is measured initially at fair value and for an item not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction cost
that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue.
Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and the realization of
foreign exchange gain or loss, for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.
Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantially enacted at the reporting
date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. Taxable profit may differ from earnings before tax as reported in the
Income Statement as it may exclude income or expense that is deductible in other years and it excludes income or expense that are never
taxable or deductible.
Current and deferred tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit or loss.
it is held within a business model whose objective is to collect contractual cash flows; and
A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable
that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date
and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are
not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in
transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, tax liabilities are not recognized if the temporary
difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.
Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligation of the Group specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets have expired or when the Group has
transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership.
83
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
Business model assessment
-
-
-
-
-
Cash flow characteristics assessment
Debt instruments measured at amortized cost
Debt instruments measured at FVOCI
Debt instrument are measured at FVOCI if they are held within a business model whose objective is to hold for collection of contractual
cash flows and/or selling financial assets, where the assets' cash flows represent payments that are solely payments of principal and
interest. Subsequent to initial recognition, unrealized gains and losses on debt instruments measured at FVOCI are recorded in Other
Comprehensive Income (OCI). At realization the accumulated profit or loss recognized in OCI in previous periods is recycled to the
Consolidated Income Statement. Foreign exchange gains and losses of the debt instrument are recognized in the Consolidated Income
Statement. Interest income are recognized in the Income Statement in accordance with effective interest rate method.
Debt instrument are measured at amortized cost if they are held within a business model whose objective is to hold for collection of
contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest. After initial measurement, debt
instruments in this category are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate that
discounts contractual cash payments or receipt through the contractual lifetime of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a
financial asset. Amortized cost is calculated taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition, transaction cost and fees that are
an integral part of the effective interest rate. Amortization is included in interest income in the Consolidated Income Statement.
Impairment on debt instruments measured at FVOCI is calculated using the expected credit loss approach. The ECL on debt instruments
measured at FVOCI does not reduce the carrying amount of the asset in the Statement of Financial Position, which remains at its fair value.
Instead, an amount equal to the allowance that would arise if the assets were measured at amortized cost is recognized in OCI with a
corresponding charge to net impairment in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. The accumulated allowance recognized
in OCI is recycled to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income upon derecognition of the debt instrument.
In performing this assessment, the Group takes into consideration contractual features that could change the amount or timing of
contractual cash flows, such that the cash flows are no longer consistent with a basic lending arrangement. If the Group identifies any
contractual features that could modify the cash flows of the instruments such that they are no longer consistent with a basic lending
arrangement, the related financial assets is classified at FVTPL.
Impairment on debt instruments measured at amortized cost is calculated using the expected credit loss (ECL) approach. Loans and debt
securities measured at amortized cost are presented net of allowance for credit losses in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
Interest is defined as consideration for the time value of money, the banks funding costs, the credit risk associated with the principal amount
outstanding and other costs (e.g liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as a profit margin. Indexation of loans to the Consumer
Price Index (CPI) are considered part of interest as CPI guarantees the time value of money of the original outstanding balance. Principal
may change over the life of the instruments due to repayments. Indexation on principal accumulates over time.
whether the assets are held for trading purposes, i.e. assets that the Group acquires or incurs principally for the purpose of selling or
repurchasing in the near term, or holds as part of a portfolio that is manage together for short-term profit or position taking;
The contractual cash flow characteristics assessment involves assessing the contractual features of an instrument to determine if they give
rise to cash flows that are consistent with a basic lending arrangement. Contractual cash flows that are consistent with a basic lending
arrangement are considered SPPI.
the risks that affect the performance of assets held within a business model and how those risks are managed;
how the performance of assets in a portfolio is evaluated and reported to group heads and other key decision makers within the Group's
business lines;
Business model assessment involves determining whether financial assets are managed in order to generate cash flows from collection of
contractual cash flows, selling financial assets or both. The Group assesses the business model at a portfolio level reflective of how groups
of assets are managed together to achieve a particular business objective. For the assessment of business models the Group takes into
consideration the following factors:
how compensation is determined for the Group's business lines' management that oversee the assets; and
the frequency and volume of sales in prior periods and expectations about future sales activity.
84
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
Debt instruments measured at FVTPL
Purchased loans
Equity instruments
Offsetting
Equity instruments are measured at FVTPL.
POCI loans do not have allowance at initial recognition but subsequently the allowance will reflect the changes in the lifetime expected
losses. At recognition the discount of each POCI loan is split up into two categories, impairment discount and interest discount or premium.
Interest is calculated with a credit adjusted effective interest rate and is posted to interest income. Periodically the Group recalculates the
carrying amount by computing the present value of estimated future cash flows at the financial instrument's original credit adjusted effective
interest rate, any changes in the expected cash flows since the date of acquisition are recorded as a charge/recovery in net impairment in
the Consolidated Income Statement at the end of all reporting periods subsequent to the date of acquisition.
Purchased performing loans are reflected in Stage 1 and will follow the same accounting as other performing loans. They will be subject to a
12-month allowance for credit losses which is recorded as provision for credit losses in the Consolidated Income Statement. The fair value
adjustments set up for these loans on the date of acquisition is amortized into interest income over the life of these loans.
Financial assets and liabilities are set off and the net amount reported in the Statement of Financial Position when, and only when, the
Group has a legal right to offset the recognized amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the
liability simultaneously.
All purchased loans are initially measured at fair value on the date of acquisition. As a result no allowance for credit losses would be
recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Positions on the date of acquisition. Purchased loans may fit into either of the two
categories: Performing loans or Purchased or Originated Credit Impaired (POCI) loans.
The Group can elect to classify non-trading equity instruments at FVOCI. This election will be used for certain equity instruments for
strategic or longer term investment purposes. The FVOCI election is made upon initial recognition, on an instrument-by-instrument basis
and once made is irrevocable. Gains and losses on these instruments including when derecognized/sold are recorded in OCI and are not
subsequently reclassified to the Consolidated Income Statement. Dividends received are recorded in Financial income in the Consolidated
Income Statement. Any transaction costs incurred upon purchase of the security are added to the cost basis of the security and are not
reclassified to the Consolidated Income Statement of the security.
For equity instruments measured at FVTPL, changes in fair value are recognized as part of Financial income in the Consolidated Income
Statement.
Expected credit loss (ECL) is established for all financial assets, except for financial assets classified or designated as FVTPL and equity
instruments designated as FVOCI, which are not subject to impairment assessment. Assets subject to impairment assessment are primarily
debt instruments (including loans to customers) measured at amortized cost or FVOCI. ECL on financial assets is presented in Net
impairment. Other financial assets carried at amortized cost are presented net of ECL in the Group's Consolidated Statement of Financial
Position. Off-balance sheet items subject to impairment assessment include financial guarantees and undrawn loan commitments. ECL for
Off-balance sheet items is separately calculated and included in Other Liabilities.
Income and expenses are presented on a net basis only when permitted by the accounting standards, or for gains or losses arising from a
group of similar transactions such as in the Group's trading activity.
Expected credit losses
Debt instrument are measured at FVTPL if they are held for short term gain, held as part of a portfolio managed on a fair value basis or the
cash flows do not represent payments that are solely payments of principal and interest. These instruments are measured at fair value in
the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized as part of Net financial income
in the Consolidated Income Statement.
85
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
Stage Criteria
Definition of default
–
–
Probability of default and credit risk rating
Lifetime expected credit loss is recorded, based on the
probability of default over the remaining estimated life of the
financial instrument. Effective interest rate is calculated on the
gross carrying amount.
Exposures not impaired with significant increase in
credit risk subsequent to origination.
The Group measures the ECL on each balance sheet date according to a three-stage expected credit loss impairment model:
For corporate counterparties it is assumed that if one exposure is in default, all other exposures to that counterparty are also in default
(cross-default). For individuals however, the Group defines six different exposure portfolios and has different statistical credit risk models for
each of them - mortgages, consumer loans, auto loans, guarantees, loans to individuals for work purposes and other loans. Each exposure
portfolio is assessed separately, meaning that if an individual is in default on a loan belonging to one portfolio, their other exposures,
belonging to other portfolios, are not automatically assumed to be in default. However, defaults in other portfolios are also considered and
cross-default applies when they are significant.
3
Exposures in default / Credit impaired
2
the borrower is considered to be unlikely to pay.
Exposures not impaired and with no significant increase
in credit risk
The Group allocates to each exposure a credit risk rating (e.g. A+, A, A-, BBB+, etc.) based on the calculated 12 month probability of
default ('the PD'). The PD is assessed through the Group's credit rating models or based on external ratings if available. The Group's credit
rating models are statistical models based on a variety of information that has been determined to be predictive of default. These include
demographic, behavioral, financial and economic data, coupled with qualitative expert judgement for large corporate exposures. Factors
vary depending on the nature of the exposure and the profile of the borrower. The PD estimates used for the purpose of calculating IFRS 9
impairments are point-in-time, i.e. dependent on the economic cycle. The Group's credit rating models are subject to annual performance
tests and are recalibrated on a regular basis if needed.
In assessing whether a borrower is unlikely to pay, the Group considers both qualitative and quantitative indicators, e.g. overdue status,
debt and equity ratios, market circumstances and other data developed internally or obtained from external sources.
1
12 month expected credit loss is recorded. The expected credit
loss is computed using a probability of default occurring over the
next 12 months. For those instruments with a remaining maturity
of less than 12 months, a probability of default corresponding to
remaining term to maturity is used. The effective interest rate is
calculated on the gross carrying amount.
Assessment of expected credit loss, and effective interest
rates.
Increases or decreases in the required ECL attributable to purchases and new originations, derecognitions or maturities, and
remeasurements due to changes in loss expectations or state migrations are recorded in net impairment. Write-offs and recoveries of
amounts previously written off are recorded against ECL.
Lifetime expected credit loss is recorded. Effective interest rate
is calculated on the book value.
The ECL is an unbiased discounted probability-weighted estimate of the cash shortfalls expected to result from defaults occurring in the
next 12 months or, in cases where credit risk has significantly increased, in the expected lifetime of an exposure. For guarantees and loan
commitments, credit loss estimates consider the portion of the commitment that is expected to be paid out or expected to be drawn over the
relevant time period, contingent on significant financial difficulty.
the asset is more than 90 days past due, or
The ECL represents an unbiased estimate of expected credit losses on our financial assets as at the balance sheet date. Judgement is
required in making assumptions and estimations when calculating the ECL, including movements between the three stages and the
application of forward looking scenarios. The underlying assumptions and estimates may results in changes to the provisions from period to
period that significantly affect our results of operations.
The Group defines default in accordance with article 178 of EU Regulation No 575/2013 (CRR). The Group considers a financial asset to be
in default when:
For corporate counterparties, more than 90 days past due means that the counterparty has been past due on a material exposure each day
in the last 90 days. For individuals, more than 90 days past due means that the individual has been past due on a material exposure in the
same exposure portfolio each day in the last 90 days.
An asset does not return to non-defaulted status until after a probation period which is at least either three months if no forbearance
measures have been granted or one year if forbearance measures have been granted.
86
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
Probability of default
Each exposure is allocated a credit risk rating at initial recognition. The calculations are based on available information at the time of
origination. Exposures are continuously monitored and revaluated using the models described above and this may result in transitions
The Group uses external ratings for counterparties that receive such ratings from recognized rating agencies such as Moody's, Standard &
Poor's and Fitch. The Group's internal rating scale was originally calibrated to match historical default rates shown in publications of the
aforementioned rating agencies and using smoothing techniques. External ratings are primarily used to assess expected losses for
counterparties of marketable securities, money market and deposit accounts positions which fall under the Impairment requirements of
IFRS 9. The Group's ECL is broken down by investment grade and non-investment grade classes for such exposures, as per the definition
of the corresponding rating agency.
In addition to calculating PD and allocating a credit risk rating to each exposure, the Group calculates the lifetime probability of default
(LPD), which is an assessment of the probability that a default event occurs over the lifetime of the exposure. The LPD incorporates
management's view of possible future macroeconomic developments and the likelihood of rating transitions over the lifetime of the
exposure. For the determination of LPD, the Bank calculates PD term structures – which effectively provides the probability of default for
any given time period, one for each rating grade, PD model and economic scenario. The annualized lifetime probability of default (ALPD) of
an exposure is the fixed 12 month PD (without transitions) that corresponds to the exposure's LPD. The credit risk rating that corresponds to
the ALPD is defined as the lifetime credit risk rating.
The assessed 12 months PDs are the basis for the determination of the term structure of PDs for exposures. The Group applies transition
models, developed on the basis of historical data, to predict the development of risk grades for periods that exceed one year. The Group
has separated transition behavior due to specific and general risk and applies its macro-economic forecasts to the latter. The analysis of
credit rating transitions due to general risk includes the identification and calibration of relationships between changes in default rates and
changes in key macro-economic factors. Unemployment rate is the predominant predictive variable. Among other indicators examined are
GDP growth, private consumption expenditure, inflation, development of housing prices and benchmark interest rates.
The Group's rating scale is shown below, including mapping of external ratings. The lower bounds are inclusive.RiskS&P /class Rating Lower PDUpper PDFitchMoody'sDescription0 AAA ............................................................................... 0.000% 0.006% AAA AaaInvestment Grade AA+ ............................................................................... 0.006% 0.018% AA+ Aa1 AA ................................................................................. 0.018% 0.029% AA Aa2AA- ................................................................................ 0.029% 0.045% AA- Aa3A+ .................................................................................. 0.045% 0.070% A+ A1A .................................................................................... 0.070% 0.110% A A2A- .................................................................................. 0.110% 0.170% A- A31 BBB+ ............................................................................. 0.170% 0.260% BBB+ Baa1Investment GradeBBB ............................................................................... 0.260% 0.410% BBB Baa2BBB- .............................................................................. 0.410% 0.640% BBB- Baa32 BB+ ............................................................................... 0.640% 0.990% BB+ Ba1Non-investment GradeBB ................................................................................. 0.990% 1.540% BB Ba2BB- ................................................................................ 1.540% 2.400% BB- Ba33 B+ .................................................................................. 2.400% 3.730% B+ B1Non-investment GradeB .................................................................................... 3.730% 5.800% B B2B- .................................................................................. 5.800% 9.010% B- B34 CCC+ ............................................................................ 9.010% 14.000%Non-investment CCC .............................................................................. 14.000% 31.000%GradeCCC- ............................................................................. 31.000% 99.990%5 DD ................................................................................. 99.99% 100.00% D CDefault / Impaired
The Group's PDs and PD term structures are based on both quantitative and qualitative factors and in some cases external ratings are
used. PD's are re-assessed on a regular basis with different frequencies depending on the type of counterparty and/or exposure.
87
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
Loss given default
Exposure at default
Significant increase in credit risk
–
–
–
–
–
For a given exposure, the Group considers a significant increase in credit risk to have occurred if one of the following holds:
the number of days in arrears exceeds 30 days; or
Each credit facility is assigned an LGD. The LGD is an assessment of loss conditional on a default occurrence. The Group splits LGD into
three components; the probability of cure, the expected recovery from liquidation of collateral, and the recovery rate for the unsecured part
of the exposure. The cure rate is modeled on the Group’s historical data of assets returning to performing status after being in default
without loss. The expected recovery is the outcome of the Group’s collateral allocation algorithm which takes into account the seniority of
debt and collateral type. Haircuts are applied to different types of collaterals based on expert judgment, supported by historical data, and
take into account costs and the time value of money. Different haircuts are applied for different macro-economic scenarios in the ECL
calculations. In some instances, assets are considered to be fully covered by collateral after haircut application and therefore carry no ECL.
The recovery rate for the unsecured part of the exposure is based on expert judgment, taking into account historical loss experience.
The cut-off period for cure is taken to be 18 months from default, which means that a return to non-default after that period is not considered
a cure. Furthermore, cure is defined on a portfolio level instead of on a loan level i.e. the same level as the PD models. In this version,
statistical cure rate models have been created for the largest portfolios – mortgages, consumer loans and large corporates and retail SMEs.
As the explanatory variables in the statistical cure rate models can be related to variables in PD models, this change prompts a
consideration of PD-cure correlation. The correlation effects are taken into account in the Bank’s ECL calculations. Furthermore, long-run
average cure rate models using macro-economic variables have been created. The models can be used to assess cure rate under different
economic conditions to be able to apply different cure rates for different economic scenarios given different economic conditions.
The Group monitors the effectiveness of the criteria used to identify significant increases in credit risk by regular reviews to confirm that the
criteria is capable of identifying significant increases in credit risk before an exposure is in default and there is no unwarranted volatility in
loss allowance from transfers between 12-month ECL (stage 1) and lifetime ECL (stage 2).
The Group has six different exposure specific PD models for individuals: mortgages, consumer loans, auto loans, guarantees, loans to
individuals for work purposes and other loans. The Bank has a different model or rating logic for the following corporate portfolios – large
corporates, retail SMEs, holding companies, construction projects, financial institutions (external ratings), municipalities, state related
entities and cooperatives.
The EAD represents the expected exposure at the event of a default. For a given exposure, the Group derives the EAD from the contractual
amortization schedule and takes into account the likelihood of pre-payments, drawdowns, rollovers, extensions and use of unused
allowance in the period leading up to default. These behavioral estimates, which are based on historical observations and forward-looking
forecasts, apply differently to each type of exposure.
the exposure is on the Group's watch list.
The assessment of significant increase in credit risk requires significant judgment. In determining whether the risk of default for an exposure
has increased significantly since initial recognition, the Group considers relevant, reasonable and supportable information on an ongoing
basis. Assumptions are drawn based on the Group's historical experience and expert judgement including forward-looking expectations. If a
debt investment security has low credit risk and is considered investment grade at the reporting date, the Group determines that the credit
risk on the asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition.
the exposure's credit risk rating on reporting date is not in risk class 0 or 1 and has deteriorated by more than one risk rating compared
to the credit risk rating at origination;
the exposure's lifetime credit risk rating on reporting date is not in risk class 0 or 1 and has deteriorated by more than one risk grade
(two or more) compared to the lifetime credit risk rating at origination. As the Group does not have the benefit of hindsight, this
comparison is only used for exposures that originate on or after 1 January 2018;
Assumptions on key macro-economic indicators are on an ongoing basis estimated based on internal and external information available at
each time. The Group formulates a 'base case' view of the future direction of relevant economic variables as well as a representative range
of other possible forecast scenarios. The Group uses these forecasts to adjust its estimates of lifetime probability of default and other
factors that affect the lifetime expected credit loss.
the exposure has received forbearance measures in the past six months;
88
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
Exposures in default
Expected credit loss measurement
–
–
–
Forward looking scenarios
Write-off of loans
probability of default (PD),
loss given default (LGD); and
Loans are written off, either partially or in full, when there is no realistic prospect of recovery i.e. the bankruptcy of the borrower or an
ineffective attachment or distraint. Collateralized loans are generally written of when the realization of collateral have been received. After
write-off, exposures continue to be subject to collection activities in accordance with Icelandic law.
exposure at default (EAD).
Impairment losses are recognized in net impairment, see note 44. Any decreases in impairment loss amounts are reversed through net
impairment.
The predominant macro-economic variable used across all portfolios is the unemployment rate in Iceland, as measured by the Directorate
of Labor. Among other variables considered are GDP growth, private consumption expenditure, inflation, development of housing prices
and benchmark interest rates. The average cure is also correlated with unemployment rate, depending on portfolio, and collateral haircuts
are adjusted for different scenarios. Exit and pre-payment rates, which affects EAD, are dependent on refinancing spreads and due to the
correlation between interest rates and unemployment rate they are adjusted for different scenarios.
Exposures in default at each reporting date, according to the Group’s definition, are considered to be credit impaired.
The expected credit loss (ECL) calculations are based on three main components:
The ECL for an exposure is the weighted average of the expected credit loss for different macro-economic scenarios provided by the
Group's management. The Group currently considers three scenarios: 'base case', 'optimistic' and 'pessimistic' and assigns its best
estimate of the likelihood of occurrence to each one. The development of macro-economic variables and the corresponding weights are
based on expert judgement supported by historical data. The Group incorporates forward-looking macro-economic information into both its
assessment of whether the credit risk of an instrument has increased significantly since its initial recognition (via the lifetime credit risk
rating comparison) and its measurement of ECL as the PD term structures, LGD and EAD include macro-economic adjustments for each of
the scenarios.
Each component is derived from internally generated models, apart from external credit ratings. The models are developed with statistical
methods and/or expert judgement supported by historical data and adjusted for expected macro-economic effects.
The Group measures ECL considering the risk of default over the maximum contractual period (including any extension periods) over which
it is exposed to credit risk. The maximum contractual period extends to the date at which the Group has the right to require repayment of an
advance or terminate a loan commitment or guarantee. However, for overdrafts and credit card facilities that include both a loan and an
undrawn commitment component, the Group measures ECL over a period longer than the maximum contractual period if the Group’s
procedures for extensions do not limit the Group’s exposure to credit losses to the contractual period. These facilities do not have a fixed
term or repayment structure. The Group can cancel them with immediate effect but this contractual right is not enforced in the normal day-to-
day management, but only when the Group becomes aware of an increase in credit risk at the facility level. This longer period is estimated
taking into account the credit risk management actions that the Group expects to take and that serve to mitigate ECL. These include a
reduction in limits, cancellation of the facility and/or turning the outstanding balance into a loan with fixed repayment terms. The ECL
calculations involve discounting using the exposures' effective interest rates.
The amount of the loss impaired is the difference between the assets' gross carrying value and the present value of estimated future cash
flow. In some instances, the impairment of exposures is zero due to collateral coverage.
89
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
59. Financial assets and financial liabilities, continued
60. Hedge accounting
61. Cash and cash equivalents
Other derivatives, not designated in a qualifying hedge relationship, are used to manage its exposure to foreign currency, interest rate,
equity market and credit risk. The financial instruments used include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, cross-currency swaps,
forward contracts, futures, options, credit swaps and equity swaps.
Modifications
The original terms of a financial asset may be renegotiated or otherwise modified, resulting in changes to the contractual terms of the
financial asset that affect the contractual cash flow. The treatment of such modifications is primarily based on the process undertaken to
execute the renegotiation and the nature and extent of changes made. Modifications which are performed for credit reasons, primarily
related to troubled debt restructurings, are generally treated as modifications of the original financial asset unless modifications are
significant. Significant modifications are generally considered to be an expiry of the original cash flows; accordingly, such renegotiations are
treated as a derecognition of the original financial asset and recognition of a new financial asset.
The Group has chosen to continue to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39 as an accounting policy choice as permitted
under IFRS 9. The Group has chosen to continue to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39 as an accounting policy choice as
permitted under IFRS 9.
On initial designation of the hedges, the Group formally documented the relationship between the hedging instruments and hedged items,
including the risk management objective and strategy in undertaking the hedge, together with the method that will be used to assess the
effectiveness of the hedging relationships. The Group makes an assessment, both at inception of the hedge relationships and on an
ongoing basis, of whether the hedging instruments are expected to be highly effective in offsetting the changes in the fair value of the
hedged items during the period for which the hedge is designated, and whether the actual results of each hedge are within the range of
80–125%.
If the hedging derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, or the hedge no longer meets the criteria for fair value hedge
accounting, or the hedge designation is revoked, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. Any adjustments, up to the point of
discontinuation, to a hedged item for which the effective interest method is used, is amortized to profit or loss as part of the recalculated
effective interest rate of the item over its remaining life.
If a modification of terms does not result in derecognition of the financial asset, the carrying amount of the financial asset is recalculated as
the present value of the renegotiated or modified contractual cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate and gain or loss is
recognized. The financial asset continues to be subject to the same assessments for significant increase in credit risk relative to initial
recognition and credit-impairment, as described above. A modified financial asset will migrate out of Stage 3 if the conditions that led to it
being identified as credit-impaired are no longer present and relate objectively to an event occurring after the original credit-impairment was
recognized. A modified financial asset will migrate out of Stage 2 when it no longer satisfies the relative thresholds set to identify significant
increase in credit risk, which are based on changes in its PD, lifetime PD, days past due and other qualitative considerations.
If a modification of terms results in derecognition of the original financial asset and recognition of the new financial asset, the new financial
asset will generally be recorded in Stage 1, unless it is determined to be credit-impaired at the time of renegotiation. For the purposes of
assessing for significant increase in credit risk, the date of initial recognition for the new financial asset is the date of modification.
The Group applies fair value hedge accounting with respect to designated hedging relationship of certain fixed-rate foreign currency
denominated notes issued by the Bank as the hedged items and certain foreign currency denominated interest rate swaps as the hedging
instruments. The Group recognizes the changes in fair value of the interest rate swaps together with changes in the fair value of bonds
attributable to interest rate risk immediately in profit or loss in the line item of Note 10, Net gain on fair value hedge of interest rate swap.
Calculated accrued interest on both swaps and bonds are included in the line item of Note 7, Interest expense.
Cash and cash equivalents in the Statement of Cash Flows consist of cash, demand deposits with the Central Bank and demand deposits
with other credit institutions. Cash and cash equivalents comprise balances with less than three months' maturity from the date of
acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at amortized cost in the Statement of Financial position.
90
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
62. Loans
63. Derivatives
64. Intangible assets
Goodwill and infrastructure
Customer relationship and related agreements
Software
Amortization of intangible assets
65. Investment property
When the Group is the lessor in a lease agreement that transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the
asset to the lessee, the arrangement is classified as a capital lease and a receivable equal to the net investment in the lease is recognized
and presented within loans.
When the Group purchases an asset and simultaneously enters into an agreement to resell the asset (or a substantially similar asset) at a
fixed price on a future date reverse repo or stock borrowing, the arrangement is accounted for as a loan, and the underlying asset is not
recognized in the Group's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Goodwill and infrastructure that arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries is presented with intangible assets. Subsequent to initial recognition
goodwill and infrastructure is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.
Customer relationship and related agreements are measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.
A derivative is a financial instrument or other contract, the value of which changes in response to a change in an underlying variable, such
as share, commodity or bond prices, an index value or an exchange or interest rate, which requires no initial net investment or initial net
investment that is smaller than would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes
in market factors and which is settled at a future date.
Software acquired by the Group is measured at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses.
Subsequent expenditure on software is capitalized only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to
which it relates. All other expenditure is expensed as incurred.
Derivatives are recognized at fair value. Fair value changes are recognized in the Income Statement. Changes in fair values of derivatives
are split into interest income, foreign exchange differences and net financial gain or loss. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis.
Derivatives with positive fair values are recognized as Financial instruments and derivatives with negative fair values are recognized as
Financial liabilities at fair value.
Amortization of intangible assets is recognized in the Income Statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life, from the date
that it is available for use. The estimated useful life of intangible assets for the current and comparative periods is three to ten years.
An investment property is a property which is held either to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or for both.
Investment property is initially measured at cost and subsequently at fair value. Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair values of
investment properties are included in the Income Statement.
Loans are initially measured at fair value plus incremental direct transaction costs, and subsequently measured at their amortized cost
using the effective interest method.
Loans are financial instruments with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market and that the Group does not
intend to sell immediately or in the near term. Loans include loans provided by the Group to credit institutions and to its customers,
participation in loans from other lenders and purchased loans.
91
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
66. Impairment of non-financial assets
67. Deposits
68. Borrowings
69. Subordinated liabilities
70. Assets and disposal groups held for sale
Subordinated liabilities are financial liabilities in the form of subordinated capital which, in case of the Group's voluntary or compulsory
winding-up, will not be repaid until after the claims of ordinary creditors have been met. In the calculation of the capital ratio, they are
included within both Tier 1 and Tier 2, based on terms of each instrument. The Group may only retire subordinated liabilities with the
permission of the FSA.
The Group classifies a Asset or disposal group as held for sale if its carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction
rather than through continuing use. For this to be the case the asset or disposal group must be available for immediate sale in its present
condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset or disposal group and the sale must be highly probable.
Immediately before classification as held for sale, the measurement of the qualifying assets and all assets and liabilities in a disposal group
is brought up-to-date in accordance with applicable IFRS. Then, on initial classification as held for sale, Assets and disposal groups are
recognized at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Impairment losses on initial classification as held for sale are
included in the Income Statement, even when there is a revaluation. The same applies to gains and losses on subsequent remeasurement.
Revaluation through the reversal of impairment in subsequent periods is limited so that the carrying amount of the held for sale, Assets or
disposal groups does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized in prior
years.
An impairment loss in respect of other assets, where impairment losses have been recognized in prior periods, are assessed at each
reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change
in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying
amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss
had been recognized.
Deposits are initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs, and subsequently measured at their amortized cost using the effective
interest method.
Subordinated liabilities are recognized initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, subordinated
liabilities are stated at principal amount due plus accrued interest, which is recognized in the Income Statement based on the contractual
terms of the borrowing.
Borrowings are measured at amortized cost with any difference between cost and redemption amount being recognized in the Income
Statement over the period of the borrowings on an effective interest basis. Accrued interest is included in the carrying amount of the
borrowings.
The carrying amounts of the Group's non-financial assets, other than assets held for sale, investment property and deferred tax assets, are
reviewed at each reporting date to determine, whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists then the asset's
recoverable amount is estimated. The recoverable amount of intangible assets is assessed annually.
An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in
profit or loss.
The recoverable amount of an asset is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less cost to sell. In assessing value in use, the
estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of
the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.
92
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
71. Other assets and other liabilities
Property and equipment
Right-of-use asset and lease liability
Other assets and other liabilities
Insurance contract liabilities
72. Equity
Share capital and share premium
Treasury shares
Dividends
Option reserve
Warrants reserve
The depreciable amount of property and equipment is determined after deducting its residual value. Depreciation is charged to the Income
Statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of property and equipment. The estimated useful
lives are as follows:
Insurance contract liabilities comprise liabilities for remaining coverage and liabilities from incurred claims. Liabilities for remaining coverage
is estimated using a simple method which is based on paid premiums minus premiums from insurance services recognized as income. A
loss factor is added in the case of onerous contracts. Liabilities from incurred claims are estimated as the best estimate of discounted cash
flows plus a risk premium due to non-financial risk and other expected cost of claims. Liabilities for remaining coverage are estimated in the
same way as the best estimate for claims outstanding pursuant to the Insurance Activities Act No. 100/2016. These calculation methods are
in accordance with the rules of IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts.
The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of the contract. The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a
corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease arrangements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases and leases of low
value assets. For these leases, the Group recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of
the lease. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date,
discounted by using the Group's incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use assets comprise the initial measurement of the corresponding
lease liability. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Real estates .....................................................................................................................................................................
The consideration paid for the purchase of own shares is deducted from the shareholders equity as treasury shares. No gain or loss is
recognised in the Income Statement on purchase or sale of treasury stock.
The option reserve represents the cumulative charge to the Income Statement for options for employees of the Group to purchase shares in
Arion Bank. The stock option plan is set up in accordance with article 10 in the Icelandic Act on income tax No. 90/2003.
Par value of issued share capital is ISK 1 per share. The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as approved by the
AGM and are entitled to one vote per share at shareholders' meetings. Share capital has been fully paid.
The warrants reserve represents the consideration received for outstanding warrants.
The depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reassessed annually.
Items of property and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. When parts of an item of
property and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property and equipment.
Other assets and other liabilities are stated at cost less impairment.
Equipment .......................................................................................................................................................................
33 years
3-15 years
Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only when it is probable that the future economic benefits of the expenditure will flow to the Group.
Ongoing repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Dividends on shares are recognized in equity in the period in which they are approved by Arion Bank's shareholders.
93
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
72. Equity, continued
Reserve for investments in subsidiaries and associates
Reserve for investments in securities
Reserve due to capitalized development cost
Financial assets at fair value through OCI
Statutory reserve
Foreign currency translation reserve
73. Earnings per share
74. Financial guarantees
75. Fiduciary activities
According to the Icelandic Companies Act No. 2/1995 at least 10% of the profit of the Group which is not devoted to meeting losses from
previous years and is not contributed to other legal reserves must be contributed to the statutory reserve until it amounts to 10% of the
share capital. When that limit has been reached the contribution must be at least 5% of the profit until the statutory reserve amounts to 25%
of the share capital of the Bank.
The foreign currency translation reserve comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the Consolidated
Financial Statements of foreign operations.
The Group presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS). Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net earnings
attributable to the shareholders of Arion Bank hf. by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year to assume
conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, which comprise share options granted to employees and issued warrants.
The Group provides asset custody, asset management, investment management and advisory services to its clients. These services
require the Group to make decisions on the treatment, acquisition or disposal of financial instruments. Assets in the Group's custody are not
reported in its Statement of Financial Position.
According to the Financial Statements Act No. 3/2006 entities that capitalize development costs shall transfer a corresponding amount from
retained earnings to a separate reserve. The reserve is not subject to dividend payments. The reserve shall be eliminated in an amount
corresponding to the annual depreciation of the capitalized development cost. The reserve shall be released if the asset is sold or fully
depreciated.
In the ordinary course of business, the Group gives financial guarantees, consisting of letters of credit, guarantees and acceptances.
Financial guarantees are initially recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements at fair value, being the premium received.
Subsequent to initial recognition, the Group's liability under each guarantee is measured at the higher of the amount initially recognized
less, when appropriate, cumulative amortization recognized in the Income Statement, and the best estimate of expenditure required to settle
any financial obligation arising as a result of the guarantee. Any increase in the liability relating to financial guarantees is recorded in the
Income Statement. The premium received is recognized in the Income Statement in Net fees and commission income on a straight line
basis over the life of the guarantee.
A reserve for unrealized fair value changes, net of tax, for assets held at fair value through other comprehensive income. The fair value
reserve is released in correlation with realization of gains or losses of financial assets at derecognition.
According to the Financial Statements Act No. 3/2006 the difference between share of profit of subsidiary or associate in excess of dividend
payment or dividend payment pending, shall be transferred to a restricted shareholding equity reserve, net of tax, which is not subject to
dividend payments. When shareholding in subsidiary or associate is sold or written off the shareholding equity reserve shall be released
and the amount transferred to retained earnings.
According to the Financial Statements Act No. 3/2006 fair value changes of financial assets from the initial reporting, shall be transferred
from retained earnings to a fair value equity reserve, net of tax. The fair value equity reserve is not subject to dividend payments. The fair
value equity reserve shall be released in accordance with fair value changes recognized when financial asset is sold or redeemed or the
assumptions for the fair value change is no longer in force.
94
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
76. Employee benefits
Share-based payment expense
All entities with employees within the Group have defined contribution plans. The entities pay fixed contributions to publicly or privately
administered pension plans on a mandatory and contractual basis. The Group has no further payment obligations once these contributions
have been paid. The contributions are recognized as an expense in the Income Statement when they become due. The Group does not
operate any pension fund which confers pension rights.
Equity-settled share‐based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at grant date. The grant date
fair value of equity-settled share‐based payments granted to employees is recognized as an salary expense, with a corresponding increase
in equity, over the contratual period. The amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of shares that are expected to
be exercised at the vesting date.
95
Arion Bank Consolidated Financial Statements 2023
Amounts are in ISK millions
Income Statement
2023 2022* 2021 2020 2019
44,685 40,201 32,063 31,158 30,317
16,389 16,449 14,673 11,642 9,950
152 615 3,442 3,071 2,886
1,366 (3,286) 6,220 2,745 3,212
1,589 1,314 1,827 2,148 1,633
64,181 55,293 58,225 50,764 47,998
(25,701) (24,329) (25,875) (24,441) (26,863)
(1,796) (1,749) (1,516) (1,301) (2,984)
(1,348) 144 3,169 (5,044) (382)
35,336 29,359 34,003 19,978 17,769
(9,595) (9,944) (6,782) (3,231) (3,714)
25,741 19,415 27,221 16,747 14,055
(4) 6,543 1,394 (4,278) (12,955)
25,737 25,958 28,615 12,469 1,100
Statement of Financial Position
Assets
102,095 114,118 69,057 42,136 95,717
28,835 45,501 30,272 28,235 17,947
1,152,789 1,084,757 936,237 822,941 773,955
205,706 193,329 225,657 227,251 117,406
9,493 7,862 6,560 6,132 7,119
789 787 668 891 852
8,051 8,783 9,463 9,689 8,367
39 135 2 2 2
62 61 16,047 16,811 43,626
17,813 10,276 19,901 18,618 16,864
1,525,672 1,465,609 1,313,864 1,172,706 1,081,855
Liabilities and Equity
2,771 11,697 5,000 13,031 5,984
792,710 755,361 655,476 568,424 492,916
11,646 20,997 5,877 5,240 2,570
11,169 10,303 7,102 4,262 4,404
- 16,935 16,183 28,631
46,336 39,401 37,151 32,714 32,697
420,460 392,563 356,637 298,947 304,745
41,279 47,331 35,088 36,060 20,083
1,326,371 1,277,653 1,119,266 974,861 892,030
198,798 187,307 193,925 197,672 189,644
503 649 673 173 181
199,301 187,956 194,598 197,845 189,825
1,525,672 1,465,609 1,313,864 1,172,706 1,081,855
Net impairment ...................................................................................
Net financial income ............................................................................
Investments in associates ...................................................................
Earnings before income tax .................................................................
Income tax expense ............................................................................
Net interest income .............................................................................
Bank levy ............................................................................................
Other operating income ......................................................................
Net fee and commission income .........................................................
Operating income .................................................................................
Operating expenses ............................................................................
Net insurance income .........................................................................
5-year overview
Discontinued operations, net of tax .....................................................
Total equity ........................................................................................
Liabilities associated with disposal groups held for sale ......................
Intangible assets .................................................................................
Tax assets ..........................................................................................
Investment property ............................................................................
Net earnings ..........................................................................................
Net earnings from continuing operations ...........................................
Cash and balances with Central Bank .................................................
Loans to credit institutions ..................................................................
Loans to customers ............................................................................
* Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with IFRS 17, see Notes 1 and 2 for further information.
Financial instruments ..........................................................................
Tax liabilities .......................................................................................
Total liabilities ...................................................................................
Assets and disposal groups held for sale ............................................
Non-controlling interest .......................................................................
Total Assets ..........................................................................................
Total Liabilities and Equity ...................................................................
Other liabilities ....................................................................................
Borrowings ..........................................................................................
Subordinated liabilities ........................................................................
Shareholders' equity ...........................................................................
Due to credit institutions and Central Bank .........................................
Deposits ..............................................................................................
Financial liabilities at fair value ............................................................
Other assets .......................................................................................
96
Arion Bank
Borgartun 19
105 Reykjavik
Iceland
Id.: 581008-0150
1
EU Taxonomy
In 2023 new legislation was introduced in Iceland which requires Arion Bank and its
subsidiaries Stefnir and Vörður to disclose information in respect of EU Taxonomy.
Information in accordance with the EU Taxonomy is being published for the first time in
an annex to the Consolidated Financial Statements for 2023.
On 1 June 2023, Act No. 25/2023 on sustainable finance disclosure and taxonomy for
sustainable investment came into force. The act transposed into Icelandic law two EU
regulations. Firstly, Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 of the European Parliament and of the Council
on Sustainable Financial Disclosure (SFDR); and secondly Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of a framework to facilitate
sustainable investment and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (Taxonomy Regulation).
The Taxonomy Regulation, which partly came into effect in the EU on 12 July 2020, and came
fully into effect on 1 January 2023, establishes a harmonized European taxonomy with
definitions of what is considered to be an environmentally sustainable economic activity.
The aims of the Taxonomy Regulation include reorienting capital flows towards sustainable
investment, increasing transparency and consistency in companies’ disclosure with respect to
what activities can be considered environmentally sustainable and to combat greenwashing,
which involves companies defining and marketing activities as sustainable without basic criteria
having been met.
Eligible and environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned)
An activity is considered to be eligible if it is defined in delegated EU regulations, established in
the basis of the Taxonomy Regulation, on the technical screening criteria which the activity
needs to fulfil in order to be considered environmentally sustainable according to the taxonomy.
If the taxonomy applies to the activity, it is considered eligible. Eligibility does not, however,
determine whether a particular activity is sustainable, but just states that there are technical
screening criteria for the activity which enable it to be analyzed in accordance with the
taxonomy.
The Taxonomy Regulation covers six environmental objectives:
• Climate change mitigation
• Climate change adaptation
• The sustainable use and protection of water and marine resources
• The transition to a circular economy
• Pollution prevention and control
• Protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems
The first delegated EU regulation no. 2021/2139 (the Delegated Climate Regulation) addresses
the environmental objectives Climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation. The
economic activity which the taxonomy covers now is any activity which is important for reducing
greenhouse gas emissions and to increase resilience. Therefore, manufacturing, construction,
energy and transportation are eligible economic activities under the regulation. Eventually, the
taxonomy will apply to more economic activities and the other four environmental objectives.
2
Delegated regulation (EU) 2023/2486 on these four environmental objectives came into force in
the EU in December and is waiting to be implemented in Iceland.
In order for an economic activity to be considered environmentally sustainable it must be
aligned with one of the six environmental objectives of the regulation but at the same time must
do no significant harm to other objectives. This is to prevent an economic activity from being
considered environmentally sustainable if it then does such harm to the environment that it
outweighs the activity’s contribution to the environmental objective. The activity also needed to
be carried out in accordance with minimum safeguards which, among other things, address
human rights, and to meet technical screening criteria.
Reporting on the taxonomy in 2023
From January 2022 companies operating on the EU market have been required to publish
information on eligible assets in their annual financial statements. A year later the disclosure
requirement was broadened so that companies, other than credit institutions, were required to
publish key performance indicators in accordance with the entire regulation. From January 2024
onwards, credit institutions in Iceland and the EU have been required to publish information on
environmentally sustainable assets. Financial institutions need data from their counterparties in
order to publish their own key performance indicators on both eligible and environmentally
sustainable activities, which explains the one-year delay in publishing KPIs for credit institutions.
In Iceland the regulation did not come into force until 2023, meaning that Icelandic companies
are publishing information in accordance with the taxonomy for the first time in 2024, unlike
other companies in the EU which have been doing it in their annual financial statements since
the 2021 financial year.
The taxonomy is still under development and gradually the scope of disclosure will increase and
companies will get a better handle on disclosure in accordance with the Taxonomy Regulation.
The taxonomy was referred to some extent when the Bank’s green financing framework was
devised in 2021. It will gradually be incorporated into the Bank’s strategy, including in the
sustainability financial framework, which is scheduled for publication in 2024, and the Bank’s
product range. This is a long-term project, and the implementation of the regulation is far from
complete.
Assets under the scope of KPIs
The Green Asset Ratio (GAR) is a key performance indicator for credit institutions. The indicator
shows the ratio of a financial institution’s assets which finance an economic activity aligned to
the taxonomy. i.e. assets considered environmentally sustainable, as a ratio of total covered
assets under Delegated Regulation (EU) 2021/2178.
Risk exposures relating to governments, central banks and supranational issuers are excluded
from the equation on GAR.
Credit institutions shall disclose relevant KPIs on the basis of the scope of their prudential
consolidation determined in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 575/2013 Title II, Chapter 2,
Section 2.
On 18 January 2024, the register of annual accounts announced on its website limited
exemptions from the requirement to publish information in suitable templates where relevant
and/or reliable information does not exist. Since there is virtually zero experience in Iceland in
3
disclosure relating to the taxonomy and the data required to calculate KPIs is very limited, the
Bank is publishing a condensed version of template 1 and 3 from Annex VI to the Disclosure
Delegated Act No. 2021/2178 and other tables from that annex are excluded due to a lack of
data. The Bank’s Pillar 3 Risk Disclosures contain a more detailed breakdown of the Group’s
assets in accordance with the Taxonomy Regulation.
Assets
Gross carrying
amount
Share of total
covered assets, %
EU Taxonomy
eligible assets
Share of eligible assets of
total covered assets, %
Eu Taxonomy
aligned assets*
Covered assets in both numerator and denominator
Loans and advances, debt securities and equity instruments not HfT
eligible for GAR calculation
768.919.026.363 57,5 557.343.758.891 42
Financial corporations 57.378.926.160 4,3
of which credit institutions 1.387.143.644
of which other financial corporations 55.991.782.516
Non-financial corporations (subject to NFRD disclosure obligations) 91.704.331.771 6,9
Households 609.143.980.134 45,6 557.343.758.891 41,7
of which loans collateralised by residential immovable property 552.586.505.860 552.586.505.860 41,3
of which building renovation loans
0 0 0,0
of which motor vehicle loans* 4.757.253.031 4.757.253.031 0,4
Local governments financing 10.691.788.298 0,8
Housing financing 0
Other local governments financing 10.691.788.298
Collateral obtained by taking possession: residential and commercial
immovable properties
24.889.092 0,0
24.889.092 0,0
TOTAL GAR ASSETS 768.943.915.455 57,5 557.368.647.983 41,7
Assets excluded from the numerator for GAR calculation (covered in
the denominator)
EU Non-financial corporations (not subject to NFRD disclosure
obligations)
364.087.603.800
Non-EU Non-financial corporations (not subject to NFRD disclosure
obligations)
38.087.960.171
Derivatives 2.063.128.763
On demand interbank loans 28.623.251.312
Cash and cash-related assets 102.094.582.445
Other assets (e.g. Goodwill, commodities etc.) 33.124.914.603
TOTAL ASSETS IN THE DENOMINATOR (total covered assets) 1.337.025.356.548
Other assets excluded from both the numerator and denominator for GAR calculation
Sovereigns 128.178.251.547
Central banks exposure 0
Trading book 40.179.046.544
Total assets 1.505.382.654.638
Off-balance sheet exposures - Corporates subject to NFRD disclosure
obligations
Financial guarantees 8.691.927.054
Assets under management 453.654.939.452 2.993.618.854 139.844.705
Of which debt securities (NFRD obliged corporates) 251.435.616.901 - -
Of which equity instruments (NFRD obliged corporates) 202.219.322.551 2.993.618.854 139.844.705
* based on the Turnover KPI of the counterparty
** Motor vehicle loans generated after 1st of June 2023
2023
4
Companies within scope
There are approximately 300 companies in Iceland within the scope of the Taxonomy
Regulation and they are required to implement EU Taxonomy and disclose information on the
Taxonomy in the 2023 annual financial statements. These are companies which are required to
publish non-financial information, cf. Article 66 d of the Annual Accounts Act, i.e. major
companies, parent companies of major groups and public-interest entities, often called NFRD
1
companies.
A list of Icelandic companies subject to these disclosure requirements was obtained from an
analyst which manages such information. At the end of 2023 the Bank’s exposure to NFRD
companies was 11% of the total covered assets within the taxonomy. In Iceland, the vast
majority of companies are defined as small or medium, and until now such companies are not
required to disclose information with respect to the taxonomy. At the end of 2023 the Bank’s
exposure to SMEs was 27% of the total covered assets within the taxonomy.
Implementation in Iceland and lack of necessary data
The provisions of Article 8 of the Taxonomy Regulation concern information which companies
should disclose with respect to the taxonomy and these provisions are expanded on in the
Disclosure Delegated Act No. 2021/2178. This describes in detail the methodology, subject
matter and configuration of disclosure, plus a timeline for entry into force and implementation of
the Regulation for credit institutions and other companies.
The implementation of the regulation is arranged so that companies can implement taxonomy
disclosure in stages over a period of years. The Taxonomy Regulation entered into force in the
EU on 12 July 2020 and implementation of the regulation is based on that date. In Iceland,
however, the regulation came into force on 1 June 2023 and those companies required to
disclose information with respect to the EU Taxonomy will publish this information for the first
time in 2024, i.e. for the 2023 annual financial statements. Companies operating in the EU have
therefore published this information in their financial statements since 2021 and how it has been
implemented therefore differs from the situation in Iceland.
The regulation stipulates that credit institutions should use counterparties’ data and KPIs to
calculate their own KPIs. The Bank’s counterparties which come under the scope of the
legislation are, like the Bank, disclosing information on the Taxonomy for the first time in 2024 in
the 2023 annual financial statements. This means that the data required to calculate the Green
Asset Ratio covered by the Taxonomy, and to what extent these assets are considered
environmentally sustainable, is not yet available.
1
NFRD stands for Non-Financial Reporting Directive
5
Loans to households
In the Taxonomy Regulation loans to households are divided into loans with a mortgage in
residential housing, loans to renovate housing and car loans These loan categories cover
41.7% of the total covered assets as defined in the regulation. Loans to households therefore
represent the majority of assets considered eligible under the Taxonomy Regulation today.
Loans need to meet stringent technical screening criteria to be considered environmentally
sustainable. In order to assess whether the criteria have been met, certain data is required but
in reality the lack of data, as noted above, prevents this from being possible in Iceland.
Retail mortgages
Loans for property and to renovate property are defined in the Climate Delegated Act and
therefore these loan categories are considered eligible in every respect.
In order to meet the requirements for a mortgage to be considered environmentally sustainable,
information needs to be available on the energy efficiency of the housing subject to the loan. In
Iceland the building regulations do not require information on the energy efficiency of housing to
be available, unlike in many areas of Europe.
A harmonized methodology is being prepared for the calculation of the energy efficiency of
housing and publication of criteria for energy categories of buildings for Icelandic conditions is
also being prepared. The action plan for the Build a Green Future scheme, a joint initiative of
the government and construction industry on eco-friendly construction assumes that this will be
ready by the end of 2024. According to this action plan, a requirement on the energy efficiency
of new buildings should have been incorporated into Icelandic building regulations by 2028.
Since data on the energy efficiency of housing in Iceland is not available, it is not possible to
determine whether loans to homes with a mortgage in property are considered environmentally
sustainable according to the definitions of the EU Taxonomy.
Consumer car loans
Loans secured by a car can be considered to strongly support climate change adaptation if the
criteria set out in the Climate Delegated Act are met.
Only those car loans which were granted after 1 June 2023, i.e. after the date the regulation
was introduced, can be considered eligible.
In order for a car loan to be considered environmentally sustainable it may not have a
significantly adverse impact on other environmental objectives. In order to be able to assess this
with respect to a vehicle, information is required on the vehicles CO2 emissions, the reuse,
recycling and recovery ratios of the vehicle, the external rolling noise and the rolling resistance
coefficient of the tyres.
The Bank does not have any data on the car tyres of its customers, which makes it impossible
to determine whether car loans can be considered environmentally sustainable.
6
Off-balance sheet exposures
Assets under management
Icelandic companies which come under the scope of the Taxonomy Regulation will publish their
first figures on the proportion of environmentally sustainable turnover and capital expenditure in
2024 in the annual financial statement for 2023. Therefore, it was impossible for Arion Asset
Management and Stefnir to calculate the proportion of environmentally sustainable turnover and
capital expenditure for their assets in domestic equities and bonds and domestic alternative
investments.
Furthermore, no international equities fund or international alternative investment fund in asset
portfolios of Arion clients or Stefnir funds has published the eligibility or ratio of their
environmentally sustainable assets. Reporting in accordance with the Taxonomy Regulation
from the investment funds is expected in their annual financial statements for 2023.
Since the implementation of the Taxonomy Regulation commenced earlier for companies in the
EU, those companies covered by the regulation have already reported their mitigation and
adaptation to climate change. Therefore, is possible to estimate the eligibility and the proportion
of environmentally sustainable turnover and capital expenditure for certain investments in
individual foreign assets. However, this is a negligible proportion of total assets under
management at Arion and Stefnir and only 4% of assets under management are in individual
foreign equities. Data on eligible and environmentally sustainable assets was obtained from
Bloomberg.
Government bonds are not covered by the regulation so there is no disclosure requirement for
them.
For the reasons given above the publication of KPIs for assets under management at Arion
Bank and Stefnir is limited for 2023.
Gross carrying
amount
Gross carrying
amount*
EU Taxonomy
eligible assets
Eu Taxonomy aligned
assets**
Eu Taxonomy aligned
assets***
Assets under management (AuM) 1.173.102.538.852 453.654.939.452 2.993.618.854 191.384.543 139.844.705
of which debt securities 667.710.698.983 251.435.616.901 - - -
of which equity instruments 505.391.839.870 202.219.322.551 2.993.618.854 191.384.543 139.844.705
*Non-financial corporations (subject to NFRD disclosure obligations)
**based on the CapEx KPI of the counterparty
***based on the Turnover KPI of the counterparty
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