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    "concept": "ifrs-full:IncreaseDecreaseInCashAndCashEquivalentsBeforeEffectOfExchangeRateChanges",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
   }
  },
  "fact-387": {
   "value": "22200000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:IncreaseDecreaseInCashAndCashEquivalentsBeforeEffectOfExchangeRateChanges",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2021-01-01T00:00:00/2022-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
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  },
  "fact-388": {
   "value": "325900000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-02T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
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  },
  "fact-389": {
   "value": "296800000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2021-01-02T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
   }
  },
  "fact-390": {
   "value": "4700000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:EffectOfExchangeRateChangesOnCashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
   }
  },
  "fact-391": {
   "value": "6900000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:EffectOfExchangeRateChangesOnCashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2021-01-01T00:00:00/2022-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
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  "fact-392": {
   "value": "218000000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2023-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
   }
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  "fact-393": {
   "value": "325900000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
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  },
  "fact-394": {
   "value": "218000000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2023-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
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  },
  "fact-395": {
   "value": "325900000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
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  },
  "fact-396": {
   "value": "218000000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2023-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
   }
  },
  "fact-397": {
   "value": "325900000",
   "decimals": -5,
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CashAndCashEquivalents",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00",
    "unit": "iso4217:GBP"
   }
  },
  "fact-398": {
   "value": "N<span class=\"_ _1\"/>o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tes to the Fina<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ncial Sta<span class=\"_ _1\"/>temen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ccoun<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ting P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olicies<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The consolidated financial statements <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group and Company are<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>prepared in accordance with UK adopted IAS and the requirements<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>of the Companies A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ct 2006. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y has taken advantage <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>section 408 of the Companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Act 2006 not to present the parent<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>company profit and loss account. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The Company is domiciled in the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>United Kingdom.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The financial statements ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve been prepared <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a going concern<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>basis and under the historical cost conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ention e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcept for the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of financial instruments (including deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives),<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties held at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue through profit or loss (FVPL),<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>associates held at FVPL, certain non-consolidated subsidiaries held<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>at FVPL, and property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment held at fair value. In<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>making this going concern assumption, the Directors hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e taken into<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>account the closed-ended nature of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, its <span class=\"_ _1\"/>existing cash<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>balances (\u00a3207 million) and monitoring procedures, its borrowing<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>capacity (\u00a390 million facilities committed and undra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn), as well as<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments which could be realised to fund liabilities,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>and cov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enants as well as cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w forecasts for the period to<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>30 June 2024 and uncalled commitments (\u00a3385 million). F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>details can be found <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on page 25.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The principal accounting policies adopted are set <span class=\"_ _1\"/>out below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Where the presentational guidance set out in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Recommended P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ractice: Financial <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statements of Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>rust<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Companies (the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SORP) issued by the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Association of In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Companies (AIC) in July 2022 is consistent with the requirements <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>UK adopted IAS<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, the Directors hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e sought to prepare the financial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>statements on a basis which complies with the recommendations <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>the SORP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Climate c<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hange<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In preparing the financial statements, the Directors hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e considered<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>the impact of climate change insof<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ar as they are reasonably able,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>particularly in the context <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the climate-related risks identified<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>in the principal risks and viability section of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eport.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>These considerations did not ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve a material impact <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the financial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>reporting judgements and estimates in the current <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, nor were<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>they <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expected to ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve a significant impact on the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s going<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>concern or viability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Basis of consolidation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>statements of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y and entities controlled by the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(its subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard has<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>concluded that the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, being the parent entity of the Group,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>continues to meet the particular characteristics of an \u2018In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Entity\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The \u2018Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment Entity\u2019 amendment to IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0 Consolidated<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statements requires that:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(i) <span class=\"_ _127\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the single subsidiary J.Rothschild Capital Management Limited<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(JRCM), that is not itself an in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entity<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, which pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vides<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment management services to the Group, is consolidated<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>on a line-by<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-line basis with balances between the parent and this<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>subsidiary eliminated; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(ii)  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">all other subsidiaries, including <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Spencer House Limited (SHL),<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>RIT Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments US, Inc and RIT In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments GP Limited, are<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>accounted for as in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at FVPL.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In the financial statements of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>non-consolidated subsidiaries are carried at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue and the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>consolidated subsidiary is carried at cost less any pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vision for<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>impairment made in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ssets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Impairment tests are carried out twice <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year concurrent with the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s principal reporting dates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The financial statements <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the subsidiaries are prepared at the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>same reporting date using consistent accounting policies. Control is<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>achiev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed where the Company has all <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the following;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(i) <span class=\"_ _127\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>power <span class=\"_ _1\"/>over the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(ii) <span class=\"_ _60\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>exposure, or rights, to v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ariable returns from its inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olvement with<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estee; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(iii) <span class=\"_ _2\"/> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>the ability to use its po<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wer <span class=\"_ _1\"/>over the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee to aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the amount<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s returns.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Both the Group and Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y hold inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in associates and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>joint ventures at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value as allo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y IAS 28 In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Associates and J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oint <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>entures and IFRS 9 Financial Instruments.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Presentation of income stat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ement<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In order to better reflect the activities <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of an investment tr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ust<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, and in accordance with guidance issued by the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIC,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>supplementary information which analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the consolidated income<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>statement between items <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue and capital nature has<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>been presented within the consolidated income statement and the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>consolidated statement of comprehensiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e income (SOCI).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Income<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividend income from inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments is recognised when the right to<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>receive pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yment has been established and this is normally the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>dividend date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>UK dividend income is recorded at the amount receivable. O<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verseas<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>dividend income is shown net <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of withholding tax under inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>income.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest and other income is accrued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a time basis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Rental income from in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties under short-term leases<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>is accounted for <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a straight-line basis, o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the lease term.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Allocation between capital and r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>evenue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In respect of the analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis between capital and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>venue items<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>presented within the consolidated income statement, the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SOCI and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>the statement of changes in <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, all <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expenses and finance costs,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>which are accounted for <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on an accruals basis, hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e been presented<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>as rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue items e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcept those items listed below:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>expenses are allocated to capital where a direct connection with<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>the maintenance or <span class=\"_ _1\"/>enhancement of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>can be demonstrated. Expenses are allocated to rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue where<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>there is an indirect connection;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>all segregated account fees are considered to be a cost <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>achieving a capital return f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or those e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternal managers operating<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>segregated accounts. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his ensures consistency with the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>treatment of all <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment management fees within <span class=\"_ _1\"/>our<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, which are automatically included in capital and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>reflected in the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment gain/loss;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the Group has in place certain incentive arrangements whereby individuals receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e share aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards based on inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment performance and/or share price gro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wth. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The cost <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these arrangements derives principally from the capital perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance and therefore the Directors consider it appropriate to allocate such costs to capital;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>expenses which are incidental to the purchase or disposal <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of an inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment are deducted from the initial fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue or disposal proceeds of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>costs incurred in connection with aborted portfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment transactions are also allocated to capital.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing are also presented as capital items:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>gains and losses on the realisation of in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments, including foreign e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xchange diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erences;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>increases and decreases in the valuation of in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end, including f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xchange diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erences;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>realised and unrealised gains and losses on derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es transactions of a capital nature; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>expenses, together with the related taxation eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect, allocated to capital in accordance with the abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e policies.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Finance costs<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Finance costs on borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings are accounted for <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on an accruals basis and are settled at the end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of each contractual period. Finance costs on derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es are settled in line with the underlying contract.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Finance costs are allocated in the ratio 20:80 to the rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue and capital columns of the income statement.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>For<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eign cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>encies<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The individual financial statements <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of each Group <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entity are presented in the currency of the primary <span class=\"_ _1\"/>economic en<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vironment in which the entity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>operates, i.e. its functional currency<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each entity are <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expressed in sterling which is the functional currency of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, and the presentational currency of the Group. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransactions in currencies other than sterling are recorded at the rate of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change prevailing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the dates of the transactions. At <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each balance sheet date, monetary items and non-monetary assets and liabilities that are fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued and are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailing on the balance sheet date. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>All foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange gains and losses are recognised in the consolidated income statement.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>axation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The tax <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expense represents the sum <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the tax currently pay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able and def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The tax currently pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yable is based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on taxable profit for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>axable profit differs from profit bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore tax as reported in the consolidated income statement because it e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcludes items <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of income or <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expense that are taxable <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or deductible in other <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years and it further e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcludes items that are not subject to tax <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or are not deductible for tax purposes. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e been enacted <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment trusts which hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e approv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>al under <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Section 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>58 of the Corporation <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ax A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ct 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0 are not subject to tax on capital gains. In view <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s status as an inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment trust, and its intention to continue meeting the conditions required to maintain approv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>al for the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreseeable future, the Company has not pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vided current or def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _1\"/>red tax on any capital gains <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or losses arising on the rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation or disposal of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The carrying amount <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax asset is revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed at <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each balance sheet date and reduced to the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xtent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailable to allow all or part of the asset to be reco<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vered.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax is charged or credited to the consolidated income statement or <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SOCI, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>except when it relates to items charged <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or credited directly to equity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, in which case the defer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>red tax is also dealt with in equity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are recognised and derecognised on the trade date where a purchase or sale is made under a contract whose terms require delivery within the timeframe <span class=\"_ _1\"/>established by the market concerned. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>All inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are measured initially and at subsequent reporting dates at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue and classified in accordance with IFRS as \u2018f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value through profit <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or loss\u2019 (FVPL). Unrealised changes in the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of these in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments are recognised in the consolidated income statement as capital items. The realised gain <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or loss arising on the disposal <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of investments is determined as the diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset at the beginning <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year and is recognised in the consolidated income statement as capital items. T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransaction costs are included within gains or losses <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on these inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue, for quoted in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments, is either the bid price <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the last traded price, depending on the con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vention <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change on which the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment is quoted. Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>managed funds are valued at the closing price, the bid price <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the single price as appropriate, released by the rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant fund administrator or in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In respect of priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, or where the market f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or a financial instrument is not active, f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value is <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimated by using appropriate valuation techniques and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>often inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olves significant judgement and estimation uncertainty<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. For direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held through co-inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment vehicles managed by a General Partner (GP), as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as private funds managed b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y a GP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, the estimated fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue is based on the most recent v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation provided by the GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These valuations are normally prepared quarterly and usually received within three months <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the relevant v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation date. Depending on the timing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the finalisation of the half-year and year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-end report and accounts, it is lik<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ely that the majority of these assets are valued at the pre<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vious quarter end. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where this is the case, the valuations <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of private funds are adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es. In relation to direct co-inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, the valuations will also be adjusted for subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, as well as pricing ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents where there is sufficient information to suggest the period-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>end valuation should be adjusted. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, in light of the intrinsic valuation uncertainty<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, where information is received after the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year <span class=\"_ _1\"/>end which relates to conditions present at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end, an adjustment will be considered if it would be lik<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ely to hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e a material impact on the net assets. Ultimately these valuations are dependent <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the reasonableness of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimation by the GP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The valuations are revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed periodically b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, and in the absence <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of contrary information, are assumed to be reliable. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w is also conducted annually in respect of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation bases of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estee funds to confirm these are in accordance with fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue standards.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Where the Manager has sufficient information to undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e its o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn valuations, these will be prepared ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ving regard to the International Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate Equity and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>enture Capital <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Valuation Guidelines as recommended by the British P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rivate Equity and <span class=\"_ _2\"/>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enture Capital Association. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The inputs into the valuation methodologies adopted include observ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able data such as historical earnings <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or cash flows as well as more subjectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e data such as earnings f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orecasts or discount rates. At period <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ends, all of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations are subject to revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, adjustment as appropriate and ultimately approv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>al by the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation Committee that operates as a sub-committee <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Board comprised entirely <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of independent non-ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ecutive Directors.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The gains and losses <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on financial assets classified at FVPL e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xclude any related interest income, dividend income and finance costs where these items are separately identifiable. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese items are disclosed separately in the financial statements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Leasehold and freehold in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties are measured initially at cost, including related transaction costs. After initial recognition at cost, inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties are carried at their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alues based on the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternal prof<span class=\"_ _1\"/>essional valuation made as of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each reporting date. V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation surpluses and deficits arising in the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year are included in the consolidated income statement.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments, including futures, options and other derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, are stated in the balance sheet at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue. For derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es that are capital in nature, the associated change in value is presented as a capital item in the income statement. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Group has adopted trade date accounting. Accordingly<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments are recognised <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the date the Group enters into the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant contract, and are derecognised on the date <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which it commits to their sale or the<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpire. All deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives are classified as FVPL and are presented as assets when their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue is positive, and as liabilities when their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue is negative.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank in the balance sheet comprises cash balances and deposits.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>visions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or Company has a constr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uctive or legal <span class=\"_ _1\"/>obligation as a result of a past ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ent and it is probable that an outflo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Share-based pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In accordance with IFRS 2 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Share-based P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ayment, the Group is required to reflect in its income statement and balance sheet the eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects of share-based pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yment transactions. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s share-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>settled incentive schemes include the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Annual Incentive <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme (AIS) (in part), share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted share units (RSUs).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>AIS aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards are structured such that 60% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of individual amounts in ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cess of \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>50,000 to \u00a3250,0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>00 (with the lower amount f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or senior management) are paid in def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred shares of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y which vest equally o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the three <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing the aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard. Defer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>red shares are valued using the pre<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailing mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et price at award. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpense is recognised o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year the aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard relates to and the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing three years.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Historically<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, long-term incentiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e plan (L<span class=\"_ _2\"/>TIP) aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards were made via SARs and perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance shares. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SARs w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ere measured at the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue at grant date using a trinomial option v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation model. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The cost is then recognised through the capital column of the income statement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er the three-year v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est period.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erformance shares w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ere conditional aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards of shares subject to performance conditions. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>They w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ere accounted for as equity settled in accordance with IFRS 2. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards were fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued at grant using a Monte Carlo model and the resulting cost of an a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward is then recognised through the capital column of the income statement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er the vest period particular to that a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing a re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>view by the R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>emuneration Committee, it was decided that from 2021, future L<span class=\"_ _2\"/>TIP aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards would be made using restricted share units (RSUs), with the first such a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward in March 2021<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RSUs are <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity-settled a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards accounted for in accordance with IFRS 2 and are measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value using the share price at the grant date, adjusted for a tw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>o <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear post-vesting sale restriction. The cost is recognised through the re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>venue column <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the income statement o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the three-y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear vest period. On 31 March 2021, staff members were giv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en the option to con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vert their e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xisting <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SARs and perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance shares at fair value into R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>SUs, with the vast majority subsequently con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verted. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersion was accounted for in accordance with IFR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S 2.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Shares required to meet the estimated future requirements from grants or <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ercises under all schemes, are purchased by an Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ee Benefit <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>rust (EBT), which is consolidated by the Group. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The cost of own shares held at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>end of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year by the EBT is reflected in the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s own shares reserv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e on the consolidated balance sheet.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vement in <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity arising under IFRS 2 is applied to the capital reserve.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Proper<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ty<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment is shown at cost less accumulated depreciation, sav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e as detailed below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. Depreciation is calculated by the Group on a straight-line basis b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to original cost, estimated useful lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e and residual value. Cost includes the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>original purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or its intended use. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The period <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of estimated useful lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e for this purpose is betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een three and five <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years for the majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of assets e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcept f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s leasehold interest in 27 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>St. James<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Place for which the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimated useful lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e is 61 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears, which is also the period remaining on the property lease. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The proportion of this asset occupied b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group is accounted for at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value under the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation model allow<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed by IA<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6 Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, Plant and Equipment,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> which is intended to ensure that the carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the asset<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> is nev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er substantially diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent to its fair value. Changes in f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> value are reflected in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SOCI and a separate re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation reserve.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> The proportion <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of property assets not occupied b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group is<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> accounted for as in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value. Determination<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> of fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue requires significant judgement and e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternal advisers are<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> used.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM is a participating <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s non-contributory<span class=\"_ _1\"/>,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> funded, defined benefit retirement scheme which is closed to new<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> members and the assets of which are held in a trustee-administered<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> fund. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>here are no longer any active members <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this scheme.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group accounts f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or this defined benefit retirement scheme<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to IA<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9 Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ee Benefits. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The cost of benefits<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> accruing during the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year in respect of past service is charged to the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> income statement and allocated to rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The net interest <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the income<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> statement. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ctuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cluding amounts included in the net interest on the net defined<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> benefit liability or asset, are recognised in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SOCI. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>An actuarial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> valuation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the defined benefit retirement scheme is undertaken<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ery three <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears as at 1 January and is updated as at <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each principal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> reporting date. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he valuation is carried <span class=\"_ _1\"/>out using the projected<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> unit credit method of funding basis. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The income statement also<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> includes costs incurred in respect of defined contribution schemes,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> comprising the contributions pay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ables/other pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other receivables/other pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables do not carry an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y interest, are<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> short-term in nature and are carried at amortised cost. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Application of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected credit loss model to receivables has had an immaterial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> impact on their carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he carrying value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of receivables and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> pay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ables approximates to their f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Amounts ow<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed to/b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y Group under<span class=\"_ _1\"/>takings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Amounts o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed to/b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y Group undertakings do not carry any interest<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> and are carried at amortised cost. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Application of the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected credit<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> loss model to these items has had an immaterial impact on their<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> carrying value. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of amounts o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed to/b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y Group<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> undertakings approximates to their f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Bank bor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest-bearing bank loans are recorded initially at the proceeds<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> received and subsequently at FVPL, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the basis that the Group and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> its performance is <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluated on a fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue basis, in line with IFRS 9,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> paragraph 4.2.2. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he fair value is calculated as the amount to replace<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> the facility which is <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equal to par<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Loan notes<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Loan notes are classified as a financial liability at FVPL and are<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> measured initially and subsequently at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue with movements<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> in fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue taken to the income statement as a capital item. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue is calculated with a discounted cash flow model using the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> fixed interest and redemption pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yments based on the underlying<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> contractual cash flows. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The discount rate adopted reflects the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> prev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailing market rate f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or similar instruments. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s a result, the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> determination of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value requires management judgement. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> details of the loan notes are pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vided on page 81.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividends<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y recognises interim dividends in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear in which they<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> are paid.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Share capital and shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>emium<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Share capital is classified as equity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. Share premium reflects the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cess of the consideration receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed on issuing shares o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> nominal value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of those shares, net of issue costs.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>reasury shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The cost <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of repurchasing shares into treasury<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, including all related<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> costs, is dealt with in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statement of Changes in Equity and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> deducted from the Capital Reserv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>New and amended standards and int<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _1\"/>pretations not applied<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The ne<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w and amended standards and interpretations that are<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant to RIT and issued, but not <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e up to the date of<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> issuance of the financial statements, are disclosed belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The Group<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> intends to adopt these, if applicable, when they become <span class=\"_ _1\"/>eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ective:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Amendments to UK adopted IAS 1 Presentation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of Financial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> Statements on the Classification <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of Liabilities as Current or Non-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>current, eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e for annual reporting periods beginning <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on or<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> after 1 January 2023;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Amendments to UK adopted IAS 1 Presentation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> statements and IFRS P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ractice <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statement 2 Making Materiality<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> Judgments <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the Disclosure of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Accounting P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olicies, which<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> provide guidance and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>examples to help <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities apply materiality<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> judgements to accounting policy disclosures, eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ective f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or annual<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> reporting periods beginning on <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or after 1 January 2023; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022  <span class=\"_ _190\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Amendments to UK adopted IAS 8 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Accounting P<span class=\"_ _2\"/>olicies, Changes<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span><span class=\"ws0\"> </span>in A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ccounting Estimates and Errors, which clarify the distinction<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> between changes in accounting <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimates and changes in<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> accounting policies and the correction of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>errors, eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e for<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> annual reporting periods beginning on <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or after 1 January 2023.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The impact <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these amendments is not e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected to be material to<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> the reported results and financial position of the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>itical accounting estimates and judg<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The preparation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial statements in conformity with UK<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> adopted IAS requires the use <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of certain critical accounting estimates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> It also requires the Manager and Board to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ercise judgement in<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> the process of applying the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s accounting policies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he areas<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> requiring a higher degree of judgement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or complexity and where<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> financial statements, are in relation to the valuation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of private<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments (see pages 64 and 65 and Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3) and property (see<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> pages 65 and 66 and Notes 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0 and 15).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2. In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ves<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tment inco<span class=\"_ _1\"/>me<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Income from listed inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments:  Dividends<span class=\"_ _192\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span></span><span class=\"ws0\">8.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Income from unlisted inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments:  Interest<span class=\"_ _193\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">4.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Interest income on cash balances<span class=\"_ _3c\"> </span>5.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Income from inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties<span class=\"_ _27\"> </span>2.1<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal investment income<span class=\"_ _7f\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.1<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>12.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3. Gains/(los<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses) on fair value in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Gains/(losses) on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cluding segregated accounts<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>(579.2)<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>908.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net gains/(losses) on segregated accounts<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>28.0<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(3.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Segregated account f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees  <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- annual<span class=\"_ _23\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7)<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Segregated account f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees  <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- performance<span class=\"_ _53\"> </span>(2.6)<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Gains/(losses) on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held in segregated accounts<span class=\"_ _194\"> </span>23.7<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(6.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Gains/(losses) on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(555.5)<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span>90<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Investment P<span class=\"_ _2\"/>olicy involv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es the allocation of part of the portfolio to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external fund managers. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he vast majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these managers operate funds where the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees are charged within the fund. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese \u2018indirect\u2019 investment management and perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees are therefore automatically reflected within the valuations received from the administrators <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or managers, and form part <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment gains/(losses). At 31 December 2022, three funds (31 December 2021: three) were struct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ured as segregated accounts (disclosed within the Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on pages 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7 to 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9), where the managers separately inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oice the Company f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or investment management. In order to pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vide a consistent presentation for all external f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees, these are included within the gain/(losses) <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on fair value in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments as sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn above. F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>urther details on the typical f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ee struc<span class=\"_ _0\"/>tures<span class=\"_ _0\"/> for t<span class=\"_ _0\"/>he external funds are set <span class=\"_ _1\"/>out in the Directors<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 Report on page<span class=\"ls1\">s 52<span class=\"_ _1\"/> <span class=\"ls3c ws4b\">to</span> 55<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>4. Operating expenses<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Staff costs:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>W<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ages and salaries<span class=\"_ _196\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.3<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>23.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Social security costs<span class=\"_ _197\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span></span>3.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Share-based payment costs<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 (Note 24)<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>20.3<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>20.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension costs (Note 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal staff costs<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>46.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Auditor\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s remuneration (Note 5)<span class=\"_ _f5\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Depreciation<span class=\"_ _198\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Lease pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yments<span class=\"_ _a0\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other operating expenses<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">6.9<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>6.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal operating expenses<span class=\"_ _80\"> </span>43.6<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>54.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Including related social security costs.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Operating e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpenses include costs incurred by JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM in managing the Group's assets, property costs from the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s property portfolio, as well as costs which are recharged to third parties. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information is pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vided in Note 6.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The figures include Directors<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>emoluments, details of which are shown in the Directors<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>emuneration Report on pages 48 to 51<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verage monthly number <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees during the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year was 59 <span class=\"ws3\">(2021: 55) of which <span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>47 (2021: 43) were <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed by JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM and 12<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> (2021: 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2) were <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SHL.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>5. Other disclosable expenses<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>During the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear the Group obtained the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing services from the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s auditor and its associates:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 thousand<span class=\"_ _199\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees payable to the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s auditor and its associates for the audit <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Parent Company and consolidated financial statements<span class=\"_ _d8\"> </span>228<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>202<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees payable to the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s auditor and its associates for <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other services:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Audit <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>94<span class=\"_ _5e\"> </span>83<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Audit-related assurance services<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>12<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>12<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>334<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>297<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>ransaction costs<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing transaction costs represent commissions paid <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the purchase and sale of listed in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments and are included within gains/(losses) on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Purchases<span class=\"_ _193\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>5<span class=\"_ _5e\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Sales<span class=\"_ _116\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>2<span class=\"_ _5e\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>ransaction costs<span class=\"_ _35\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urthermore \u00a30.02 million of prof<span class=\"_ _1\"/>essional f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees (2021: \u00a30.03 million) incurred on purchases <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are included within gains/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(losses) on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>6. Business a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>nd geograp<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hical seg<span class=\"_ _0\"/>men<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 2022 and 2021, the Group is considered to hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e three principal operating segments, all based in the UK, as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Segment<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span>Business<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 AU<span class=\"_ _0\"/>M<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 AU<span class=\"_ _0\"/>M<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment trust<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM<span class=\"_ _78\"> </span>Investment manager/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>administration<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>3,722<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span>49<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span>4,390<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span>46<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>SHL<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>Events/premises management<span class=\"_ _12e\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span><span class=\"ls52 ws75\">13<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span></span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span><span class=\"ls52 ws75\">12<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>At 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>At 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y financial information f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 2022 is as follows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Income/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>gains<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Operating<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>expenses<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Profit<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3,61<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.3<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>(51<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>(52.7)<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>(564.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM<span class=\"_ _19a\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.3<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>50.3<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span>(38.4)<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>SHL<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>0.9<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>3.7<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(3.5)<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>0.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Adjustments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(6.8)<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>(51<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span>51<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>(508.6)<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>(43.6)<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(552.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y financial information f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 2021 is as follows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Income/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>gains<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Operating<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>expenses<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Profit<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT<span class=\"_ _15a\"> </span>4,277<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>931<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span>(7<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>856.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM<span class=\"_ _24\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.0<span class=\"_ _12d\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3<span class=\"_ _19c\"> </span>(49.2)<span class=\"_ _19c\"> </span>25.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>SHL<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>0.8<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.8<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(2.9)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Adjustments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>(72.0)<span class=\"_ _19c\"> </span>72.0<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _b1\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>936.3<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>(54.4)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>881<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Includes intra-group income and expenses. 2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Profit before finance costs and tax. 3 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Consolidation adjustments in accordance with IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0 Consolidated Financial Statements. 7. Finance cos<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest on borrowings<span class=\"_ _19d\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>9.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Interest on swaps<span class=\"_ _19e\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4<span class=\"_ _12d\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other finance costs<span class=\"_ _19f\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Finance costs<span class=\"_ _cc\"> </span>25.0<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>20.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>8. T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>axation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Reven<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ue<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">Capital<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>UK corporation tax charge/(credit)<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Current tax charge/(credit)<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax charge/(credit)<span class=\"_ _a9\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>axation charg<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e/(credit)<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Reven<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ue<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">Capital<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>UK corporation tax charge/(credit)<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">0.2<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Current tax charge/(credit)<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax charge/(credit)<span class=\"_ _63\"> </span>0.2<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>axation charg<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e/(credit)<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>0.2<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Finance <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Act 2021 included an increase in the main corporation tax rate from the current 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9% to 25% with <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effect from 1 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>April 2023. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he tax charge for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers from the eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ective rate of corporation tax in the UK for 2022 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9% (2021: 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9%). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erences are explained <span class=\"ws0\">as follows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Reven<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ue<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">Capital<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Profit/(loss) bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore tax<span class=\"_ _2c\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(562.9)<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>(577<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ax at the standard UK corporation tax rate of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9%<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>(2.7)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>07<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>09.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect of:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Capital items e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xempt from corporation tax<span class=\"_ _1a0\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>02.9<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>02.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividend income not taxable<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Expenses not deductible for tax purposes<span class=\"_ _15a\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ax losses not recognised<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>3.8<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>4.8<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>8.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other items<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(0.7)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>(0.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal tax charg<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e/(credit)<span class=\"_ _b1\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Reven<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ue<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">Capital<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Profit/(loss) bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore tax<span class=\"_ _117\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>879.0<span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span>861<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ax at the standard UK corporation tax rate of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9%<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>(3.2)<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>67<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>63.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect of:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Capital items e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xempt from corporation tax<span class=\"_ _1a0\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>73.6)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>73.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividend income not taxable<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Expenses not deductible for tax purposes<span class=\"_ _15a\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ax losses not recognised<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>4.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>8.3<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other items<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.8<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal tax charg<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e/(credit)<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>0.2<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er to Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on page 71 f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xplanation of carried f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward tax losses.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>9.  <span class=\"_ _67\"/>Earnings per ordin<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ar<span class=\"_ _0\"/>y shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e \u2013  basic and dilu<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The basic <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings per ordinary share f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 2022 is based on the loss of \u00a3577<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.2 million (2021: profit of \u00a3859.2 million) and the weighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage number of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary shares in issue during the period of 15<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">5.5 million (2021: 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.1 million). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage number of </span>shares is adjusted for shares held in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ee benefit trust (EBT) and in treasury in accordance with IAS 33.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue profit/(loss)<span class=\"_ _e5\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3)<span class=\"_ _19c\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net capital profit/(loss)<span class=\"_ _90\"> </span>(562.9)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>876.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal profit/(loss) for the y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1a4\"> </span>(577<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>859.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>W<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted average (million)<span class=\"_ _98\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Number of shares in issue<span class=\"_ _1a5\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Shares held in EBT<span class=\"_ _1a6\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>(0.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Shares held in treasury<span class=\"_ _106\"> </span>(0.3)<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Basic shares<span class=\"_ _cc\"> </span>155.5<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>156.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>pence<span class=\"_ _1a7\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>venue earnings/(loss) <span class=\"ws0\"> </span>per ordinary share \u2013 basic<span class=\"_ _1a5\"> </span>(9.2)<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Capital earnings/(loss) <span class=\"ws0\"> </span>per ordinary share \u2013 basic<span class=\"_ _db\"> </span>(362.1)<span class=\"_ _130\"> </span>561<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal earnings per shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e \u2013 basic<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>(371<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>550.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The diluted <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings per ordinary share f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the period is based on the basic shares (abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e) adjusted for the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of share-based payments aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards for the period.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>This adjustment is not required f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 2022 as an increase in shares in issue would reduce the basic loss per <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary share. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s a result, there is no diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence between the basic and diluted loss per <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary share.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>W<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted average (million)<span class=\"_ _98\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Basic shares<span class=\"_ _32\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>55.5<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>156.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect of share-based payment a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards<span class=\"_ _42\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Diluted shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _d5\"> </span>155.5<span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span>157<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>pence<span class=\"_ _1a7\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>venue earnings/(loss) <span class=\"ws0\"> </span>per ordinary share \u2013 diluted<span class=\"_ _139\"> </span>(9.2)<span class=\"_ _19c\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Capital earnings/(loss) <span class=\"ws0\"> </span>per ordinary share \u2013 diluted<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>(362.1)<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>556.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal earnings per or<span class=\"_ _1\"/>dinary share \u2013 dilut<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">(371<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>545.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>10. Pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>operty<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>nd equip<span class=\"_ _1\"/>men<span class=\"_ _1\"/>t<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment as at 31 December 2022 was \u00a320.7 million (2021: \u00a323.1 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>Cost<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Accumulated depreciation<span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Revaluation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net book/fair value<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 1 January 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>4<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">(5.8)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span></span>23.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Additions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Charge for depreciation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation gain/(loss)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value at  31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls55 ws7a\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span></span>(6.2)<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Of which:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Property \u2013 leasehold<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.2<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(4.6)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>Cost<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Accumulated depreciation<span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Revaluation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net book/fair value<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 1 January 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>3<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">(5.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span></span>23.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Additions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Charge for depreciation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation gain/(loss)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value at  31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls55 ws7a\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>4<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span></span>(5.8)<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span><span class=\"ls56 ws7b\">11<span class=\"_ _0\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>5<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span></span>23.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Of which:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Property \u2013 leasehold<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.1<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(4.2)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span></span>21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment as at 31 December 2022 was \u00a320.6 million (2021: \u00a323.0 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Company \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>Cost<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Accumulated depreciation<span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Revaluation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net book/fair value<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 1 January 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.7<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(4.2)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span></span>23.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Additions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Charge for depreciation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation gain/(loss)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>15.8<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span>(4.6)<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>20.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Of which:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Property \u2013 leasehold<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>14<span class=\"_ _0\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">2<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(4.6)<span class=\"_ _83\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>18.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Company \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _19b\"> </span>Cost<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Accumulated depreciation<span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Revaluation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net book/fair value<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 1 January 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.6<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(3.9)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span></span>23.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Additions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Charge for depreciation<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(0.3)<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>(0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation gain/(loss)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>15.7<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span>(4.2)<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span><span class=\"ls56 ws7b\">11<span class=\"_ _0\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>5<span class=\"_ _19c\"> </span></span>23.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Of which:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Property \u2013 leasehold<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.1<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>(4.2)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span></span>21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value at both <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year ends predominantly relates to the proportion of the leasehold interest in 27 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>St. J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Place <span class=\"_ _1\"/>occupied by the Group. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The property valuations are based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on Jones Lang LaSalle\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s (JLL) v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations at the respective <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year ends. 11. P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensio<span class=\"_ _1\"/>n commitmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has pension commitments in respect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of its participation in the RITCP P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension and Lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ssurance <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme (the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Scheme consists of a defined benefit plan which is closed to ne<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w members. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Scheme is administered under a <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>rust Deed and Rules and a corporate trustee, La<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w Debenture P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ust Corporation plc, who is independent of the Group, and w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as appointed in May 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In December 2022, the Group de-risked its retirement benefit obligations by supporting the trustees <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme in completing a \u00a320 million bulk annuity insurance policy \u2018buy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/><span class=\"ws42\">. T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he<span class=\"ws0\"> \u2018buy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 secured </span></span>an insurance asset that fully matches almost all the remaining pension liabilities of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme, with the result that the Group no longer bears material inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment, longevity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, interest rate or inflation risk. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he annuity policy is held in the name of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>rustees. As the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme was in surplus <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on an accounting basis at 31 December 2022, in accordance with the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant accounting standard the impact of this transaction w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as to record a re-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>measurement loss of \u00a34.5 million bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore tax to other comprehensiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e income. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>here was no impact on profit bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore tax and no incremental funding was required.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the \u2018buy-in<span class=\"_ _2\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, current cash contributions into the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme will cease, with the possibility of minimal further contributions. In addition, the Group will no longer record non-cash interest income on the accounting surplus. Within the next 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8 months it is expected that a full \u2018bu<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y-out\u2019<span class=\"ws3\"> of the </span>scheme will occur<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, during which individual insurance policies will be purchased for the beneficiaries <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the scheme. After the \u2018bu<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y-out\u2019 has completed, the Group will no longer hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e any liabilities against the Scheme.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The costs associated with the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme, their recognition in the financial statements, the assumptions underlying the calculation of those costs and their disclosure in the consolidated income statement or <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SOCI are set <span class=\"_ _1\"/>out below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Defined benefit cost \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _146\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net interest on defined benefit asset<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Remeasurement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effects recognised in the SOCI<span class=\"_ _1aa\"> </span>4.5<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal cost/(credit)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>4.4<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>(2.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Recognised in the consolidated income statement \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _146\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Defined contribution schemes<span class=\"_ _74\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Defined benefit scheme: Net interest on defined benefit liability<span class=\"_ _105\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal pension cost recognised in the consolidated income stat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ement<span class=\"_ _23\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Recognised in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SOCI \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _146\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Defined benefit scheme:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial loss due to liability <span class=\"_ _1\"/>experience<span class=\"_ _103\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial (gain)/loss due to liability assumption changes<span class=\"_ _19d\"> </span>(9.6)<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial gain due to demographic assumption changes in defined benefit obligation (DBO)<span class=\"_ _19f\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Return <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme assets greater than discount rate<span class=\"_ _5f\"> </span>13.8<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Remeasurement eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ecognised in the SOCI<span class=\"_ _17c\"> </span>4.5<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>(1.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal (credit)/expense<span class=\"_ _177\"> </span>4.8<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(1.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities are shown below together with the actuarial assumptions used.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Changes in the DBO \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _146\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>DBO at end of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>prior <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1ab\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">26.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>28.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Interest cost on the DBO<span class=\"_ _bf\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial loss - demographic <span class=\"_ _1\"/>experience<span class=\"_ _107\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial gain - demographic assumptions<span class=\"_ _107\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial gain - financial assumptions<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>(9.6)<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Benefits paid from scheme assets<span class=\"_ _48\"> </span>(0.8)<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>(0.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal DBO<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">26.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Changes in <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme assets \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _146\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Opening fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme assets<span class=\"_ _63\"> </span>30.5<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>28.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest income on <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme assets<span class=\"_ _48\"> </span>0.6<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Return <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme assets greater than discount rate<span class=\"_ _a7\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.8)<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er contributions<span class=\"_ _1ac\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _5e\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Benefits paid<span class=\"_ _b5\"> </span>(0.8)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>(0.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal Scheme assets<span class=\"_ _197\"> </span><span class=\"ls55 ws7a\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>6<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span></span>30.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y has unrestricted rights to any surplus in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Scheme upon wind-up. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s such there is no irrecov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erable surplus for <span class=\"_ _1\"/>either the current year or <span class=\"_ _18\"/>prior year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>elopment of the net balance sheet position \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _146\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net defined benefit asset at end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of prior year<span class=\"_ _1ad\"> </span>3.8<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net interest on defined benefit asset at <span class=\"_ _1\"/>end of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>prior year<span class=\"_ _13\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">0.1<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Remeasurement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effects recognised in the SOCI<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>(4.5)<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er contributions<span class=\"_ _1ac\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _5e\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Net defined benefit asset<span class=\"_ _a1\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>3.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The assumptions used to determine the measurements at the reporting dates are shown belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount rate<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>4.95%<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.90%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price inflation (RPI)<span class=\"_ _c2\"> </span>3.35%<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.70%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Rate of salary increase<span class=\"_ _1ae\"> </span>n/a<span class=\"_ _3a\"> </span>n/a<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension increases for pre 6 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>April 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>997 pension<span class=\"_ _1af\"> </span>4.00%<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>4.00%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension increases for post 6 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>April 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>997 pension<span class=\"_ _1af\"> </span>4.25%<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>4.30%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension increases for def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred benefits (non Guaranteed Minimum P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension)<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>3.35%<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.70%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Scheme participant census date<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ost retirement mortality assumption-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>source<span class=\"_ _b2\"> </span>S<span class=\"_ _1\"/>APS<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>SAPS<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _60\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Self-administered P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension Scheme light series <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year of birth tables allo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing for Continuous Mortality In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestigation projections and a 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.5% per annum long-term trend.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In accordance with IAS 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9 (re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vised), the sensitivity of the DBO to the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant actuarial assumptions is shown belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. In <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each case the changed assumption has been considered in isolation (i.e. all other factors remain constant).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _1b0\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>DBO<span class=\"_ _10f\"> </span><span class=\"ls55 ws7a\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span></span>26.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Significant actuarial assumptions at 31 December 2022:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Assumptions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>used for<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>sensitivity  analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sensitivity<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vised DBO for each<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>sensitivity<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount rate<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span>4.45% <span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span><span class=\"ls57\">0.5% point decrease<span class=\"_ _136\"> </span></span>18.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price inflation (RPI)<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3.85% <span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span><span class=\"ls57\">0.5% point increase<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e expectancy<span class=\"_ _142\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _7d\"> </span><span class=\"ws7c\">Increase <span class=\"_ _0\"/>of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>1 year<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">1<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></span>11. P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensio<span class=\"_ _1\"/>n commitmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Significant actuarial assumptions at 31 December 2021:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Assumptions<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>used for<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>sensitivity  analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sensitivity<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vised DBO for each<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>sensitivity<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount rate<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.40% <span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span><span class=\"ls57\">0.5% point decrease<span class=\"_ _136\"> </span></span>29.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price inflation (RPI)<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>4.20% <span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span><span class=\"ls57\">0.5% point increase<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span></span>27<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e expectancy<span class=\"_ _142\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _7d\"> </span><span class=\"ws7c\">Increase <span class=\"_ _0\"/>of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>1 year<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span></span>27<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>The w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage duration of the DBO is 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther Scheme analysis is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Analysis <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of DBO by participant category \u00a3 millions<span class=\"_ _18d\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred participants<span class=\"_ _e3\"> </span>2.2<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span>4.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensioners<span class=\"_ _17c\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.9<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>22.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>DBO<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">26.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of Scheme assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6 million is analysed in the table below (2021: \u00a330.5 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Scheme asset breakdown<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Quoted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>securities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equities securities<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed income and credit<span class=\"_ _42\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Bulk insurance policy<span class=\"_ _3c\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span>96%<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span>96%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash and liquidity/other<span class=\"_ _15a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>4%<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span>4%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _49\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span><span class=\"ls34 ws3e\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>%<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span><span class=\"ls34 ws3e\">10<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Scheme asset breakdown<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Quoted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>securities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equities securities<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed income and credit<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>99%<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _12c\"> </span>99%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Bulk insurance policy<span class=\"_ _3c\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _61\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash and liquidity/other<span class=\"_ _15a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>1%<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span>1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _cd\"> </span>99%<span class=\"_ _c1\"> </span>1%<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span><span class=\"ls34 ws3e\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Classed as Level 2 assets under IFR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>12. Deferred tax<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The gross mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on defer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>red tax during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear is shown below:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at start <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _196\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Debit)/credit to consolidated income statement<span class=\"_ _199\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>(2.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Debit)/credit <span class=\"_ _0\"/>to SOCI<span class=\"_ _cd\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _163\"> </span></span><span class=\"ws0\">(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Balance at end of year<span class=\"_ _ba\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>(1.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax asset/(liability) is analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sed below:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _191\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Retirement benefit asset<span class=\"_ _90\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at end of year<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>(1.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group had carried f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward tax losses <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a3453 million at 31 December 2022 (2021: \u00a341<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 million) that hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e not been recognised as a def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax asset, as it is considered unlikely that the unrecognised asset will be utilised in the foreseeable future.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As an in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, financial instruments mak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e up the vast majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities and generate its performance.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial instruments comprise securities, derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es and other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, cash, short-term receivables and pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables, and short and long-term borrowings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The nature and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>extent <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the financial instruments outstanding can be seen on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ace of the balance sheet and the risk management policies emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yed b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group and Company are set out belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s policy for determining the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments (including private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments) is set <span class=\"_ _1\"/>out on pages 6<span class=\"ls1\">4</span> and 6<span class=\"ls1\">5<span class=\"_ _1\"/><span class=\"ls39\">. In relation </span></span>to receivables, pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables and short-term borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings, the carrying amount is view<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed as being a reasonable approximation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1 Financial r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk management<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The main risks arising from the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial instruments are market risk (including price risk, interest rate risk and currency risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he day-to-da<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y identification, mitigation and monitoring of these risks is undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en by the Manager under the authority of the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard and the A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>udit and Risk Committee, and is described in more detail below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The <span class=\"_ _1\"/>objectives, policies and processes f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or managing risks have not changed since the previous accounting <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The risk management processes of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y are aligned with those of the Group as a whole and it is at the Group lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el that the majority of the risk management procedures are performed. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>Where relevant and materially diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent from the Group position, Company-specific risk exposures are <span class=\"_ _1\"/>explained alongside those <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.1 Mar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>k<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a financial instrument or inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment property held by the Group ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices. Mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk can be summarised as comprising three types of risk:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Price risk <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments and in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties will fluctuate because of changes in market prices (other than those arising from interest rate risk or currency risk).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Interest rate risk <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments and in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties will fluctuate because of changes in interest rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Currency risk <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments will fluctuate because <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in foreign ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span><div class=\"t m0 h6 ff3c fs3 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:656.44977px;\">13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:639.1148px;\">The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to, sensitivity to and management of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:625.47px;\">these risks are described in further detail below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:608.1332px;\">Management of mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk is fundamental to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:594.4884px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio is continually </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:580.84357px;\">monitored to target an appropriate balance of risk and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:562.5916px;\">The Manager ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y seek to reduce or increase the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:548.9468px;\">exposure to stock mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets, interest rates and currencies by utilising </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:535.302px;\">derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es such as index futures, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>options, swaps and currency </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:521.65717px;\">forw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard contracts. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments are used for the purpose <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:508.0124px;\">hedging some or all <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xisting exposure within the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:494.3676px;\">those currencies or particular mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets, as well as to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>enable increased </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:480.72278px;\">exposure when deemed appropriate. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ith respect to equity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, foreign </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:467.078px;\">ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change and interest rate options, the notional <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure presented </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:453.43317px;\">in this note is adjusted to reflect the estimated sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:439.7884px;\">option to mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in the underlying security<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:417.1996px;\">13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.2 Pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ice r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:403.5548px;\">Price risk ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the value of the quoted, priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate and other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:389.90997px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held by the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:371.65796px;\">The Group has a widely div<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersified inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment portfolio which </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:358.01318px;\">significantly reduces the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to individual asset price risk. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:344.3684px;\">The perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance of third-party in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment managers is regularly </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:330.72357px;\">revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed and assessed to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensure compliance with their mandates </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:317.0788px;\">and that their performance is compatible with the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:303.434px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment objective.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:285.18198px;\">The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to price risk is monitored and managed by </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:271.53717px;\">analysing the le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vels <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of direct exposure from quoted <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity price risk </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:257.8924px;\">and the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from other price risk. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:239.64038px;\">The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to quoted equity price risk (also described as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:225.99557px;\">net quoted equity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure) can be assumed to be <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equivalent to the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:212.3508px;\">quoted equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment portfolio adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:194.09879px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Notional e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from quoted equity deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:174.92117px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Estimated cash balances held by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external managers; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:155.74359px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Estimated net equity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure from hedge fund managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:136.56598px;\">Other price risk e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure relates to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in private </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:122.92117px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, absolute return and credit, and real assets, adjusted for </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:109.2764px;\">the notional e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from commodity and credit derivatives.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:79.65405px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:197.55841px; bottom:90.706665px;\">31 December </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:230.54526px; bottom:79.65405px;\">2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:261.00348px; bottom:90.706665px;\">31 December </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:292.1966px; bottom:79.65405px;\">2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:65.2251px;\">Exposure to quoted equity price risk</div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:158.63405px; bottom:68.47185px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:216.93271px; bottom:65.2251px;\">1,361<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1,755.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:50.795105px;\">Exposure to other price risk<span class=\"_ _194\"> </span>2,394.5<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>2,669.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:36.365097px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal exposure to pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ice r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _1b2\"> </span>3,755.6<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>4,424.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:16.317154px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:2.3137436px; bottom:13.28685px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Quoted equity price risk represented 37% of <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-end net assets </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:1.584259px;\">(2021: 40%).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3f fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:660.2612px;\">Price risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:646.61646px;\">The sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit with regards to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:633.35645px;\">changes in market prices is illustrated belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>This is estimated using </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:620.09644px;\">an assumed 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% increase in general market prices with all other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:606.8364px;\">variables held constant. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% decrease is assumed to produce an </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:593.5764px;\">equal and opposite effect.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:576.6348px;\">The sensitivity analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis takes account <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the relevant deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:563.3748px;\">transactions the Group has entered into including those designed to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:550.1148px;\">provide a hedge against such mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:507.74365px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:553.22723px; bottom:529.84045px;\">2022 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:511.78766px; bottom:518.78784px;\">Impact on profit </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:516.2408px; bottom:507.73523px;\">and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:621.8713px; bottom:529.832px;\">2021 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:581.8043px; bottom:518.77936px;\">Impact on profit </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:586.258px; bottom:507.72675px;\">and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws74\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:493.31458px;\">Quoted equity<span class=\"_ _85\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _c1\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>77<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:478.88458px;\">Other<span class=\"_ _108\"> </span>239.4<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>266.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:464.4546px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b0\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.8<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>444.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:439.81635px;\">The Group is <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposed to mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk in respect to the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:426.55634px;\">the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties are v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued by </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:413.29633px;\">JLL using a market v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation approach and as such, the valuation </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:400.03632px;\">will be influenced by trends <span class=\"_ _1\"/>experienced in the property mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:386.7763px;\">also the wider economic <span class=\"_ _1\"/>environment. In particular<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the valuation will </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:373.51636px;\">be dependent on rental income <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yields, demand and supply for office </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:360.25635px;\">space in London and comparable transactions completed in the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:346.99634px;\">marketplace. Fluctuations in an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the inputs used b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the valuers to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:333.73633px;\">value the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y increase or decrease the fair </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:320.47635px;\">value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the properties. </div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:298.80273px;\">13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.3 Inter<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est rat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:285.54272px;\">The Group finances its <span class=\"_ _1\"/>operations mainly through its share capital </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:272.28275px;\">and reserves, including realised gains <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments. In addition, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:259.02274px;\">financing has been obtained through bank borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings and fixed rate </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:245.76273px;\">loan notes. Changes in interest rates hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e a direct or indirect impact </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:232.50275px;\">on the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue or future cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing financial assets </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:219.24274px;\">and liabilities:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:202.30115px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Gilts and other go<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vernment securities;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:185.35953px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Money mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et funds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:168.41794px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Credit funds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:151.47635px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Cash and cash equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alents;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:134.53473px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Group borrowings; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:117.59314px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Certain derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e contracts.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:100.65152px;\">Changes in interest rates indirectly aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:87.39154px;\">other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments including those in quoted equity securities, private </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:74.13153px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments or property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h6 ff3c fs3 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:726.749px;\">13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:709.804px;\">Interest rate risk is managed by taking into account the possible </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:696.54407px;\">eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and cash flows that could arise as a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:683.28406px;\">changes in interest rates when making decisions on in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:670.02405px;\">and borrowings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:653.08246px;\">Exposure of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial assets and liabilities to floating </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:639.82245px;\">interest rates (giving cash flow interest rate risk when rates are </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:626.56244px;\">reset) and fixed interest rates (giving f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value risk), is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:578.6689px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:185.84462px; bottom:606.30035px;\">31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:157.49763px; bottom:589.7215px;\">Floating </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:172.90585px; bottom:578.6689px;\">rate<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:229.08536px; bottom:589.7215px;\">Fixed </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:234.56094px; bottom:578.6689px;\">rate<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:564.2398px;\">P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:550.5898px;\">debt securities</div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:77.83296px; bottom:553.83655px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:182.42888px; bottom:550.5898px;\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:536.1598px;\">Cash<span class=\"_ _3e\"> </span>218.0<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:521.7298px;\">Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1b3\"> </span>(236.2)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:507.2998px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h61 ff3e fs1f fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:26.066177px; bottom:510.54926px;\">2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:164.44272px; bottom:507.3025px;\">(18.2)<span class=\"_ _130\"> </span>(93.7)<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/><span class=\"ls56 ws7b\">11<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:455.40234px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:185.84462px; bottom:483.03387px;\">31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:157.49763px; bottom:466.45496px;\">Floating </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:172.90585px; bottom:455.40234px;\">rate<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:229.08536px; bottom:466.45496px;\">Fixed </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:234.56094px; bottom:455.40234px;\">rate<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:440.97327px;\">P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:427.32324px;\">debt securities</div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:77.83296px; bottom:430.57px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:182.42888px; bottom:427.32324px;\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:412.89325px;\">Cash<span class=\"_ _3e\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:398.46326px;\">Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1b3\"> </span>(240.0)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:384.03326px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h61 ff3e fs1f fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:26.066177px; bottom:387.28275px;\">2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:167.6792px; bottom:384.036px;\">85.9<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>(139.2)<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>(53.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:363.98624px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:2.3137436px; bottom:360.95593px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>In addition, the Group holds \u00a3746.8 million (2021: \u00a3777<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.4 million) inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ested in </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:349.25333px;\">absolute return and credit, of which \u00a3443.7 million (2021: \u00a331<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.5 million) is in </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:337.55072px;\">funds that predominantly inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est in credit instruments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vide indirect </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:325.84814px;\">exposure to interest rate risk.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:316.44913px;\">2</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:2.3137436px; bottom:313.41895px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>In addition, the Group holds \u00a3nil million (2021: \u00a397<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.3 million) notional </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:301.71637px;\">exposure to interest rate deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:277.01376px;\">Exposures vary throughout the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year as a consequence of changes </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:263.36896px;\">in the composition of the net assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group arising out of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:249.72415px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment, borrowing and risk management processes.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:228.70575px;\">P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments include direct and indirect (via <span class=\"_ _1\"/>externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:215.06097px;\">managed funds) inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment securities, money </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:201.41617px;\">markets, as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as quoted and unquoted debt securities issued by </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:187.77136px;\">companies.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:166.75296px;\">Interest received <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on cash and cash equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alents is at prevailing mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:153.10815px;\">rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:132.08975px;\">The Group has total borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings with a fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of \u00a3370.6 million </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:118.44496px;\">outstanding at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end (2021: \u00a3408.9 million). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olving </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:104.800156px;\">credit facility comprising \u00a3236.2 million <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this total incurs floating </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:91.155365px;\">interest payments (2021: \u00a3240.0 million). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The loan notes with a fair </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:77.51056px;\">value of \u00a3<span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4 million (par value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million) have fix<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed interest </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:63.855362px;\">payments (2021: f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9 million; par v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million). </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:50.210556px;\">F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther details are provided in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3f fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:29.192154px;\">Interest rate risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:15.547363px;\">The appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ximate sensitivity of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit in </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:1.9025574px;\">regard to changes in interest rates is illustrated below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>This is based </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:730.63055px;\">on an assumed 50 basis point annualised increase in prev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailing </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:716.9858px;\">interest rates at the balance sheet date applied to the floating rate </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:703.34094px;\">and fixed rate assets and liabilities and the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing assumptions:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:686.00415px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the fair values <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of all other assets and liabilities are not aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ected by </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:672.3594px;\">a change in interest rates;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws80\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:655.0226px;\">\u2022  <span class=\"_ _1b4\"/><span class=\"ws0\"> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>funds will be reinvested in similar interest-bearing securities <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:641.37775px;\">maturity; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:624.04095px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>all other variables are held constant.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:603.0226px;\">A 50 basis point decrease is assumed to produce an equal and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:589.37775px;\">opposite impact.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:546.9227px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:553.22723px; bottom:569.0195px;\">2022 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:511.78766px; bottom:557.9669px;\">Impact on profit </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:516.2408px; bottom:546.9143px;\">and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:621.8713px; bottom:569.01105px;\">2021 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:581.8043px; bottom:557.95844px;\">Impact on profit </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:586.258px; bottom:546.9058px;\">and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:532.49365px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b5\"> </span>6.1<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>4.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:507.46356px;\">The Group has direct <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of interest rate changes </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:493.8188px;\">on the valuation and cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws of its interest-bearing assets and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:480.174px;\">liabilities. How<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, it ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y also be indirectly affected b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the impact of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:466.52917px;\">interest rate changes on the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings of certain companies in which </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:452.8844px;\">the Group inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ests, and the impact on v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations that use interest </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:439.23956px;\">rates as an input, including valuation models f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:425.5948px;\">Theref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore, the sensitivity analysis ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y not reflect the full eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect on </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:411.95px;\">the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:386.5948px;\">13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4 Cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rency r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:372.94998px;\">Consistent with its Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olicy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the Group invests in financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:359.30518px;\">instruments and transactions denominated in currencies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:345.6604px;\">than sterling. As such, the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s profit and net assets could be </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:332.0156px;\">significantly aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ected by currency mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:310.9972px;\">Currency risk is managed by the Group b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y entering into cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rency </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:297.3524px;\">options or f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward currency contracts as a means <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of limiting or </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:283.70758px;\">increasing its e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to particular currencies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese contracts </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:270.06277px;\">are used for the purpose <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of hedging part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>existing currency </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:256.418px;\">exposure <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s portfolio (as a means of reducing risk) <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:242.7732px;\">enable increased e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure when this is deemed appropriate by the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:229.12839px;\">Manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3f fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:208.10999px;\">F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign currency exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:169.34073px;\">Currency<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:553.22723px; bottom:191.4375px;\">2022 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:520.85333px; bottom:180.38489px;\">Net exposure<span class=\"ws0\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:533.3614px; bottom:169.33228px;\">% of NAV<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:621.8713px; bottom:191.42905px;\">2021 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:590.46405px; bottom:180.37643px;\">Net exposure<span class=\"ws0\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7d\" style=\"left:603.6471px; bottom:169.32385px;\">% of NAV<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:154.91165px;\">US dollar<span class=\"_ _1b6\"> </span>32.5<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>26.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7c\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:140.48166px;\">Japanese y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en<span class=\"_ _1b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">4.2<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:126.05165px;\">Euro<span class=\"_ _1b8\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _58\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:111.62164px;\">Other non-sterling<span class=\"_ _79\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:97.19165px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal</div><div class=\"t m0 h61 ff3e fs1f fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:355.31406px; bottom:100.44217px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:553.22723px; bottom:97.19542px;\">47<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>31.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:80.83063px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:331.9788px; bottom:77.80032px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Amounts in the abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e table are based on the carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of all foreign </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:336.9513px; bottom:66.09773px;\">currency denominated assets and liabilities and the underlying notional </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:336.9513px; bottom:54.395126px;\">amounts of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward currency contracts. It does not tak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e into account any </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:336.9513px; bottom:42.692535px;\">estimates of \u2018look-through<span class=\"_ _2\"/>\u2019 exposure from our fund in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div>13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit in regard to changes in ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y currencies is illustrated below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>This is based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on an assumed 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% strengt<span class=\"_ _0\"/>hening <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of sterling relative to the foreign currencies as at 31 December 2022, and assumes all other v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ariables are held constant. A 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% weak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ening is assumed to produce an equal and opposite eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis is based on the net f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign currency assets held at the balance sheet dates and takes account <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of currency forw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards and options that adjust the eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in currency ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>US dollar<span class=\"_ _f2\"> </span>(120.8)<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>(97<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Japanese y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en<span class=\"_ _a7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.6)<span class=\"_ _12e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Euro<span class=\"_ _184\"> </span>(27<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.8)<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>(6.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-sterling<span class=\"_ _82\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _26\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b9\"> </span>(175.4)<span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.5 Cr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>edit risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument held by the Group will f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ail to discharge an obligation or commitment that it has entered into with the Group, which could result in a loss to the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>This risk is not considered significant and is managed as f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the vast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s listed transactions are settled on a delivery v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersus payment basis and are held directly b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the custodian in fully segregated client accounts;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>use of a range of brok<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers and counterparties with their credit quality monitored regularly;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash balances are predominantly held with our custodian, whose credit worthiness is regularly monitored;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash margin is held by a range of appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ved counterparties, with both margin balances and counterparties<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 creditworthiness monitored regularly; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>careful selection of a diversified portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio of credit managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure could arise in respect of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative contracts entered into by the Group if a counterparty w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as unable to fulfil its contractual obligations.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to certain debt instruments acquired as part of its priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he credit risk associated with these instruments is managed as part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erall inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment risk in the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant portfolio companies and is not considered separately<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s maximum credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is limited to the carrying amount of financial assets recognised at the reporting date, as summarised below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit risk exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1ba\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash margin<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other receivables<span class=\"_ _c0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>59.9<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>75.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _18d\"> </span>562.3<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>654.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Debt securities held within portfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments include a private loan note issued by LionT<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ree <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Advisory Holdings LLC.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Represents the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of assets held by counterparties.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The credit quality <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of certain financial assets that are not past due, where the risk of loss is primarily that a counterparty f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ails to meet an obligation, can be assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external credit ratings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Manager has a re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>view process in place that includes an ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of a potential counterparty\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s ability to service and repay its debt. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his is considered on a regular basis. Cash margins and other receivables comprise mainly balances with counterparties which are inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment grade financial institutions with a short-term credit rating by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>S&amp;P of A-2 or <span class=\"_ _0\"/>higher (2021: A-2).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BNP is the custodian and depositary to the Company under the Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Managers Directiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e (AIFMD). Under the UK equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alent regulations, the Company is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (AIF) and JRCM is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Manager (AIFM). A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s custodian, substantially all of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s directly-held listed portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments and cash at bank are held by BNP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. Bankruptcy or insolv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ency of the custodian ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y cause the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s rights with respect to securities held by the custodian to be delay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed; how<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ever<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the custodian<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s local long-term rating from S&amp;P was <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A+ in the most recent rating prior to 31 December 2022 (2021: A+).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As depositary under <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIFMD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, the main obligation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of BNP is the saf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eguarding of those custodied assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on behalf of the RIT shareholder<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The depositary is liable for the loss <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments held in custody<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, other than under limited circumstances. As a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this obligation, the depositary maintains o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>versight <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of all transactions undertaken b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the AIFM (JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM) on behalf of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIF (RIT). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his includes reviewing all cash mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements, receiving copies of internal sign\u2010off documentation and ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y legal agreements, and ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersight and revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w of ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y procedures and controls.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.6 Liquidity r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e difficulty in meeting its obligations in respect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial liabilities as they fall due.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liquidity balances and committed but undrawn borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings, the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment portfolio includes a substantial amount of assets which w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould be e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected to be realised within a relatively short time frame, depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on market conditions. This might include stocks (unless held via a co-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment fund or subject to a lock-up), gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds and derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es. Other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments can be realised o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver varying timeframes depending on the nature of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment and/or the legal terms go<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verning disposal. Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternally-managed equity and hedge funds hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e redemption periods which typically range from daily to quarterly and longer<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, depend<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ing in part <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the underlying nature of the portfolio holdings. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>There is also a risk in stress situations of the funds imposing additional restrictions or \u2018gates<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on redemptions (as happened in particular to hedge funds during the global financial crisis). Direct private and priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are inherently less liquid, and while there is a secondary market, participants will <span class=\"_ _1\"/>often experience discounts to f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, in particular at times <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of stress.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM manages the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liquid resources in line with a liquidity risk framew<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ork o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verseen by the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his establishes a minimum lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el of liquidity a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailable to meet e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected contractual commitments, including ongoing costs, margin calls and capital calls (from funds with a commitment/draw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>down struct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ure  <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- see Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4). The Manager monitors the le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of short-term funding<span class=\"_ _0\"/>, and balances the need for access to short-term funding, with the long-term funding needs of the Group. The Group has three re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volving credit f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acilities with a total capacity of \u00a3335 million (of which \u00a390 million was committed and undra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/><span class=\"ws3\">y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end<span class=\"ws0\">) and \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51 million of long-term loan notes (details <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </span></span>which are disclosed in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The remaining contractual mat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urities of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial liabilities at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end, based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the earliest date <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which payment could be required are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 months or less<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 months<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span><span class=\"ws83\">&gt;1 year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Current liabilities:  Bank <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>loan/overdraft<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">236.2<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>236.2</span>  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _e0\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>3.4<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-current liabilities:  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _86\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.0  Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>89.3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>94.9</span>  Lease <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>liability<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>6.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>243.2<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>95.2<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>447<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>63.5<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span></span>65.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>306.7<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>197<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>513.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 months or less<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 months<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span><span class=\"ws83\">&gt;1 year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Current liabilities:  Bank <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>loan/overdraft<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">240.0<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>240.0</span>  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _e0\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>9<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>0.3<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>8.2 <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>Purchase f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future settlement<span class=\"_ _1bf\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-current liabilities:  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _86\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9  Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.2<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>94.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>99.8</span>  Lease <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>liability<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>4.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _24\"> </span>347<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>555.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.8<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span></span>169.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>516.6<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>202.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>724.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition, the Company has contingent liabilities in the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orm of commitments amounting to \u00a3385 million (2021: \u00a3360.2 million) as set out in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.2 Collater<span class=\"_ _1\"/>al<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Collateral in the form <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of cash margin is posted by the Group in relation to certain derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e transactions, transacted under the auspices of the International <span class=\"_ _1\"/>S<span class=\"_ _1\"/>waps and Deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Association. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Group does not hold collateral from other counterparties.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Set out belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w is the amount of financial assets pledged as collateral at <span class=\"_ _0\"/>the year <span class=\"_ _0\"/>end.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1ba\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash margin <span class=\"_ _c7\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.3 Der<span class=\"_ _1\"/>iv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative financial instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group typically uses the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing types <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of derivative instruments in the portfolio:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>futures and forward contracts relating to mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et indices, foreign currencies and gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>options relating to foreign currencies, market indices, stocks and interest rates; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>swaps relating to interest rates, bonds, credit spreads, equity indices and stocks.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As <span class=\"_ _1\"/>explained abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e, the Manager uses derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es to hedge various exposures and also selectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ely to increase or decrease <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure where desired. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he notional amount of certain types of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives provides a basis f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or comparison with instruments recognised on the balance sheet, but does not necessarily indicate the amount of future cash flows in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed or the current f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative instruments become f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ourable (assets) or unfa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vourable (liabilities) as a result of fluct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uations in indices, security prices, market interest rates <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange rates rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant to the terms of the deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative instrument. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The aggregate contractual or notional amount of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative financial instruments held, the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>extent to which instruments are f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>avourable <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or unfa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vourable and thus the aggregate fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alues of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative financial assets and liabilities can fluctuate significantly from time to time.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Details of the unsettled deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2022 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group and Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Notional<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>amount<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(positive fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liabilities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(negative<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Commodity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>69.1<span class=\"_ _1c0\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _23\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.1<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>49.6<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>(7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>42.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _157\"> </span>253.2<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>2.3<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>(3.4)<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed income deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1c1\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>47<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2021 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group and Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Notional<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>amount<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(positive fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liabilities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(negative<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Commodity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span>132.8<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _91\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>78.4<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(3.3)<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>(2.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2,364.4<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>28.6<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>(7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>53.0<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.5<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>3.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed income deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>81<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _b5\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>24.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Long and short notional exposure has been netted.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.4 IFRS 13 f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue measurement classification<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3 requires the Group to classify its financial instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments held at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue using a hierarchy that reflects the significance <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inputs used in the valuation methodologies. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>These are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets for identical assets or liabilities;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 1 that are observ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able for the asset <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or liability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed from prices); and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3: Inputs for the asset <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or liability that are not based on observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data (i.e. unobservable inputs).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial assets and liabilities, inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties and property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment are measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue on a recurring basis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s policy is to recognise transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers into and transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers out <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vels at the end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the reporting <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year when they are deemed to occur<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A description of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation techniques used by the Group with regards to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments categorised in each le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value hierarchy is detailed belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>Where the Group invests in a fund <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or a partnership, which is not itself listed on an activ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e market, the categorisation of such in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een levels 2 and 3 is determined by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to the nature <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the fund or partnership\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s underlying inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments. If such inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are categorised across diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>els, the lowest le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the hierarchy that f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orms a significant proportion of the fund <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is used to determine the reporting disclosure.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>If the proportion of the underlying in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments categorised betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>els changes during the period, these will be reclassified to the most appropriate lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments traded in active mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets is based on quoted mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et prices at the balance sheet date. A mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et is regarded as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailable from an e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xchange, dealer<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, broker<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, industry group, pricing service, or regulatory agency<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, and those prices represent actual and regularly occurring mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et transactions on an arm\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s length basis. The quoted mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et price used for financial assets held b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group is the current bid price or the last traded price, depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ention of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment is quoted. Where a market price is a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailable but the mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et is not considered active, the Group has classified these in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments as le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 2.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y using valuation techniques which maximise the use of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data where it is available. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Specific valuation techniques used to v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue O<span class=\"_ _1\"/>TC derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es include quoted market prices f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or similar instruments, counterparty quotes and the use of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange rates to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimate the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change contracts at the balance sheet date. Investments in externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-managed funds which themselves in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vest primarily in listed securities are valued at the price <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or net asset value released b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment manager or fund administrator as at the balance sheet date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group considers all priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, whether direct or funds, (as described in the Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on page <span class=\"ls4c ws69\">18<span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>) as lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3 assets, as the valuations <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets are not typically based on observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where other funds in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vest into illiquid stocks, these are also considered by the Group to be le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 3 assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are held at the most recent fair values provided b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the GPs managing those funds, adjusted for subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions, and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements up to the period end, and are subject to periodic revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w by the Manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. Direct co-inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are also held at the most recent fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alues provided by the GPs managing those co-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments, adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions, currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, as well as pricing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents where the Manager has sufficient information to suggest the period end valuation should be adjusted. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The remaining directly-held priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are valued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a semi-annual basis using techniques including a market approach, income approach and/or cost approach. The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation process inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olves the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment functions of the Manager who prepare the proposed valuations, which are then subject to revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w by the finance function, with the final valuations being presented to the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>aluation Committee, comprised of independent non-ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ecutive Directors, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of which the A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>udit and Risk Committee Chair is also a member<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span><span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span><div class=\"t m0 h6 ff3c fs3 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:707.0303px;\">13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:689.6953px;\">Specific valuation techniques used will typically include the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:676.0505px;\">of recent transactions, earnings multiples, discounted cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:662.4057px;\">analysis, and, where appropriate, industry specific methodologies. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:648.76086px;\">The acquisition cost, if determined to be f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y be used </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:635.1161px;\">to calibrate inputs to the valuation. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The valuations will often reflect </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:621.4713px;\">a synthesis of a number <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of distinct approaches in determining the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:607.8265px;\">final fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue estimate. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The individual approach for each in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:594.1817px;\">will vary depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant factors that a market participant </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:580.53687px;\">would tak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e into account in pricing the asset. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These might include the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:566.8921px;\">specific industry dynamics, the company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s stage of de<span class=\"_ _1\"/>velopment, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:553.2473px;\">profitability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, gro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wth prospects or risk as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as the rights associated </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:539.6025px;\">with the particular security<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:518.5841px;\">Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings at 31 December 2022 comprise bank loans and senior </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:504.93927px;\">loan notes. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he bank loans are revolving credit f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acilities paying </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:491.2945px;\">floating interest, and are typically drawn in tranches with a duration </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:477.64972px;\">of three or six months. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The loans are therefore short-term in nature, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:464.00488px;\">and their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue approximates their nominal v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The loan </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:450.3601px;\">notes were issued in 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 with tenors of betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0 and 20 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:436.71527px;\">with a weighted a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verage <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hey are valued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a monthly </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:423.0705px;\">basis using a discounted cash flow model where the discount rate </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:409.42572px;\">is derived from the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yield of similar tenor UK Gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:395.78088px;\">adjusted for an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y significant changes in either credit spreads <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:382.1361px;\">perceived credit risk <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:361.11768px;\">The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of investments in non-consolidated subsidiaries is </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:347.4729px;\">considered to be the net asset value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the individual subsidiary as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:333.8281px;\">at the balance sheet date. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he net asset value comprises various </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:320.1833px;\">assets and liabilities which are fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued on a recurring basis and is </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:306.53848px;\">considered to be lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:285.52008px;\">On a semi-annual basis, the Group engages <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external, independent </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:271.87527px;\">and qualified valuers to determine the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:258.2305px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties and property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment held at fair </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:244.5857px;\">value. F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>urt<span class=\"_ _0\"/>her inf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormation is shown in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:223.56729px;\">The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities within </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:209.92249px;\">the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, at 31 December 2022:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:710.9945px;\">As at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:690.57916px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span><span class=\"ls54 ws78\">Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>Level 2<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:676.1501px;\">Financial assets at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:662.50006px;\">through profit or loss (FVPL):</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:648.07007px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>506.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,204.2<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,77<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,485.2</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls57 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:633.6401px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Non-consolidated subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>101<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:619.2101px;\">Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>506.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,204.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,586.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:604.7801px;\">Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>51<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:590.3501px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial assets at FVPL<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>513.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,256.1<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,644.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:575.92004px;\">Non-financial assets measured </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:562.2701px;\">at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _1c3\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:547.8401px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Investment property<span class=\"_ _29\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:533.4101px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:519.7601px;\">equipment<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:505.33008px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal non-financial assets </div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:491.68005px;\">measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:477.25006px;\">Financial liabilities at FVPL:</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws85\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:462.82007px;\"> Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(370.6)</span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:448.39008px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Derivative financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:434.74005px;\">instruments<span class=\"_ _6a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:420.31006px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial liabilities at </div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:406.6601px;\">FVPL<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _141\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>(381<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:392.23004px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal net assets measured at </div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:378.58008px;\">f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _1c4\"> </span>513.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,245.7<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,563.3<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3,322.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:364.15005px;\">Other non-current assets<span class=\"_ _1c5\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:349.72006px;\">Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _1c6\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:335.29007px;\">Other current assets<span class=\"_ _101\"> </span>249.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:320.86008px;\">Other current liabilities<span class=\"_ _1c7\"> </span>(63.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:306.43008px;\">Other non-current liabilities<span class=\"_ _d6\"> </span>(5.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:292.00006px;\">Net assets<span class=\"_ _2a\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:262.6536px;\">Mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:233.18353px;\">Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2022 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:222.13092px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:498.0075px; bottom:244.22766px;\">Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:505.91492px; bottom:233.17508px;\">held at fair </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:526.1655px; bottom:222.12247px;\">value<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>Properties<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:207.70444px;\">Opening balance<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>61<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>1,975.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:193.27444px;\">Purchases<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>222.2<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>222.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:178.84442px;\">Sales<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3)<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:164.41443px;\">Realised gains/(losses) through profit </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:150.76443px;\">or loss<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>8.7<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>8.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:136.33444px;\">Unrealised gains/(losses) through </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws74\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:122.68442px;\">profit or loss<span class=\"_ _1c8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(59.7)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(60.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:108.254425px;\">Unrealised gains/(losses) through </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:94.60443px;\">other comprehensive income<span class=\"_ _31\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:80.17442px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in to lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3<span class=\"_ _90\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws74\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:65.74443px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er out of level 3<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:51.314423px;\">Other<span class=\"_ _57\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:36.88443px;\">Closing balance<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>1,933.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:15.547653px;\">During the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear no inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments were reclassified betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 2 </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:1.9028625px;\">and lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h6 ff3c fs3 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:772.5146px;\">13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:750.8445px;\">Level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:737.1997px;\">F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information in relation to the directly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-held private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:723.5549px;\">is set out in the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>This summarises the portfolio by the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:709.9101px;\">primary method used in fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluing the asset. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s we seek to emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:696.2653px;\">a range of v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation methods and inputs in the valuation process, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:682.6205px;\">selection of a primary method is subjectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e, and designed primarily </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:668.9757px;\">to assist the subsequent sensitivity analysis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:641.31195px;\">Primary v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation method/approach  </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:630.25934px;\">\u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _fb\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:615.8329px;\">Third-party v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:96.03282px; bottom:619.0796px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:232.16507px; bottom:615.8329px;\">246.3<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>361<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:601.4029px;\">Discount to recent transaction</div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:133.48024px; bottom:604.6505px;\">2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:237.14185px; bottom:601.40375px;\">90.5<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:586.97375px;\">Earnings multiple<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>49.8<span class=\"_ _63\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:572.54376px;\">Recent transaction<span class=\"_ _aa\"> </span>23.6<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>140.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:558.1138px;\">Other industry metrics<span class=\"_ _8c\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _136\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:543.6838px;\">Discount to agreed third-pa<span class=\"ws74\">rty off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _2b\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.8<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:529.2538px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1c9\"> </span>442.7<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>513.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:512.89355px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5c\" style=\"left:2.3137436px; bottom:509.86334px;\">  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Included in this method are directly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-held private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held within </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:498.16077px;\">the non-consolidated subsidiaries with a total of \u00a324.5 million (2021: \u00a329.7 </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:486.4582px;\">million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:474.10858px;\">2</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5c\" style=\"left:2.3137436px; bottom:471.07825px;\">  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Included in this method are direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate investments which ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve been </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.5532684px; bottom:459.37567px;\">discounted due to a decline in public markets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:440.20065px;\">The majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the direct private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments are structured as co-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:426.55585px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, managed by a GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. For these inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, we typically </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:412.91104px;\">use the latest quarterly fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations provided b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the GP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, adjusted </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:399.26627px;\">for an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments/distributions and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:385.62146px;\">as well as pricing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents, where there is sufficient information to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:371.97665px;\">suggest the period-end valuation should be adjusted.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:352.79904px;\">Where the Manager has sufficient information to undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e its o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:339.15427px;\">valuation, a range <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of methods will typically be used. For companies </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:325.50946px;\">with positive <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings, we seek to utilise an earnings multiple </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:311.86465px;\">approach, typically using EBITD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A or similar<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he earnings multiple is </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:298.21985px;\">assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to similar listed companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or transactions </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:284.57504px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olving similar companies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>When an asset is undergoing a sale </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:270.93027px;\">and the price has been agreed but not <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et completed or an <span class=\"_ _1\"/>off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:257.28546px;\">has been submitted, we use the agreed <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ered price, often with </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:243.64066px;\">a final discount to reflect the risks associated with the transaction </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:229.99585px;\">completing or an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y price adjustments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where a company has </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:216.35104px;\">been the subject of a recent financing round which is vie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:202.70627px;\">representative <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue, we will use this transaction price. Other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:189.06146px;\">methods emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yed include discounted cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w analysis and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:175.41666px;\">industry metrics such as multiples of assets under management <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:161.77185px;\">rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue, where market participants use these approaches in pricing </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:148.12706px;\">assets. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:776.4327px;\">The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vides a sensitivity analysis of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:762.78784px;\">directly-held priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, and the impact on net assets:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:740.571px;\">V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation method/approach<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>Sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:726.1419px;\">Third-party v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:712.4919px;\">assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.3 million </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:698.8419px;\">or 0.33% (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.1 million, 0.41%) </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:685.1919px;\">change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:670.7619px;\">Discount to recent transaction<span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Assets in this category are v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:657.1119px;\">using a discount applied to a recent </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:643.4619px;\">financing round or secondary transaction. </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws86\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:629.8119px;\">Discounts range between 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5% and 70%, </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:616.16187px;\">reflecting factors such as the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>elapsed </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:602.5119px;\">time since the transaction and the </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:588.8619px;\">mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ement in prices of broadly similar </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:575.2119px;\">listed companies. A 5% change to the </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:561.5619px;\">discount would result in a \u00a3<span class=\"ws74\">4.5 million or </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:547.91187px;\">0.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2% (2021: n/a) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:533.4819px;\">Earnings multiple<span class=\"_ _11a\"> </span><span class=\"ls5b\">Assets in this category are valued using EV/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls5b ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:519.8319px;\">sales multiples in the range of 4.0x <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- 8.5x. </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls5b ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:506.1819px;\">If the multiple used for v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation purposes<span class=\"_ _0\"/> </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls5b ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:492.53192px;\">is increased or decreased b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y 5% then the<span class=\"_ _0\"/> </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls5b ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:478.8819px;\">net assets would increase/decrease b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls5b ws87\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:465.23187px;\">\u00a32.5<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> <span class=\"ls5b\">million <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 0.07% (2021: n/a).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:450.80188px;\">Recent transaction<span class=\"_ _14f\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:437.1519px;\">assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.2 million </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:423.5019px;\">or 0.03% (2021: \u00a37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0 million, 0.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6%) </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:409.8519px;\">change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:395.4219px;\">Other industry metrics<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:381.77188px;\">assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1 million </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:368.1219px;\">or 0.03% (2021: \u00a30.6 million, 0.0<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1%) </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:354.4719px;\">change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:340.0419px;\">Discount to agreed third-party </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:326.3919px;\">off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:340.0419px;\">The asset in this category is v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:326.3919px;\">a 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5% discount to an agreed off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. A 5% </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:312.74188px;\">change in the discount would result </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:299.0919px;\">in a \u00a30.1<span class=\"ws74\"> million or <span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>&lt;0.0<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1% (2021: n/a) </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:470.6239px; bottom:285.4419px;\">change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:260.41638px;\">The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment property and property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment with an </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:246.77158px;\">aggregate fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of \u00a358.6 million (2021: \u00a361<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4 million) were valued </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:233.12677px;\">using a third-party valuation pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vided by JLL. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The properties were </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:219.48196px;\">valued using w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage capital values of \u00a31,580 per square </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:205.83719px;\">foot (2021: \u00a31,658) de<span class=\"_ _1\"/>veloped from rental <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yields and supported by </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:192.19238px;\">market transactions. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A \u00a325 per square foot increase/decrease in </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:178.54758px;\">capital values w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould result in a \u00a30.8 million increase/decrease in fair </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:164.90277px;\">value (2021: \u00a30.8 million increase/decrease).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:143.88437px;\">The non-consolidated subsidiaries are held at their f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:130.23958px;\">\u00a3<span class=\"ls2 ws2\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">1 million (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4 million) representing \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04.7 million </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:116.59477px;\">of portfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04.3 million) and \u00a33.3<span class=\"ws3\"> <span class=\"_ _0\"/>million of </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:102.94997px;\">remaining liabilities (2021: \u00a32.9 million of remaining liabilities<span class=\"ws4\">). A 5% </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:89.305176px;\">change in the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets would result in \u00a35.1<span class=\"ws3\"> million or </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:75.66037px;\">0.1% (2021: \u00a35.1 million, 0.1%) change in total net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls3c ws7\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:56.482773px;\">The remaining in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and classified as lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span><span class=\"ws88\">3 of </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls3c ws4b\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:42.837975px;\">\u00a31,355.7<span class=\"ws0\"> million (2021: \u00a31,329.2 million) were v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using third-party </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls3c ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:29.193176px;\">valuations from a GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>, administrator or fund manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"ls1\"> </span><span class=\"ws4b\">5%</span><span class=\"ls1\"> </span><span class=\"ws4b\">change </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls3c ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:15.54837px;\">in the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets would result in a <span class=\"ws4b\">\u00a367<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.8<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span><span class=\"ws3\">million or </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.82%<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls3c ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:1.9035721px;\">(2021: \u00a366.5 million, 1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.51%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div>13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In aggregate, the sum of the direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, investment property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and equipment, non-consolidated subsidiaries and the remaining fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments represents the total lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3 assets of \u00a31,933.9 million (2021: \u00a31,975.7 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities within the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, at 31 December 2021:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span><span class=\"ls54 ws78\">Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>Level 2<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial assets at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue through profit or loss (FVPL): <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>579.6<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>1,797<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.0<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>4,1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>90.5 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Non-consolidated subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/>3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>101<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>579.6<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>1,797<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,91<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>4,291<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>32.7<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial assets at FVPL<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>582.5<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,830.6<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>4,327<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-financial assets measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _1c3\"> </span>  <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Investment property<span class=\"_ _29\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>38.3<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>38.3 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>23.1<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>23.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal non-financial assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>61.4<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>61<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial liabilities at FVPL: Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(408.9)</span> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Derivative financial instruments<span class=\"_ _6a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial liabilities at FVPL<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1.1)<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>(420.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal net assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _1c4\"> </span>582.5<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.5<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,566.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3,968.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current assets<span class=\"_ _1c5\"> </span>3.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _1ca\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current assets<span class=\"_ _101\"> </span>266.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current liabilities<span class=\"_ _108\"> </span>(168.8)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current liabilities<span class=\"_ _d6\"> </span>(5.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net assets<span class=\"_ _1cb\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2021 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>Properties<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Opening balance<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>1,232.1<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span> 61<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4 <span class=\"_ _51\"> </span> 1,293.5 Purchases<span class=\"_ _1cc\"> </span>857<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span> 0.1 <span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>857<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sales<span class=\"_ _5f\"> </span>(882.1)<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _78\"> </span>(882.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Realised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _85\"> </span> 37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5 <span class=\"_ _122\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span></span> 37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _1cd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">767<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span> 0.6<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>768.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through other comprehensive income<span class=\"_ _2c\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _138\"> </span></span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in to lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3<span class=\"_ _1ce\"> </span>40.9<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>40.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er out of level 3<span class=\"_ _33\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\"> (1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>39.2)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _10d\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _141\"> </span></span> (1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>39.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other<span class=\"_ _17c\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span></span> (0.5)<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span> (0.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Closing balance<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span> 61.4 <span class=\"_ _1cf\"> </span>1,975.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.5 Capital management<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s primary objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es in relation to the management of capital are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>to deliver long-term capital growth f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or its shareholders, while preserving shareholders<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 capital;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>to deliver for shareholders increases in capital v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue in e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcess <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant indices o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver time through an appropriate balance of equity capital and gearing; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>to ensure the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s ability to continue as a going concern.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y is subject to e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternally imposed capital requirements:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Articles <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of Association restrict bor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rowings to a maximum of fiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e times share capital and reserves; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s borrowings are subject to co<span class=\"_ _1\"/>venants limiting the total e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure based on a minimum net assets and a cap <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of borrowings as a percentage <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of adjusted net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>All these conditions were met during this <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year and the previous financial <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition, JRCM is subject to capital requirements imposed b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the FCA and must ensure that it has sufficient capital to meet these requirements. JRCM w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as compliant with those capital requirements throughout the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s capital at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 comprised:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _10a\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equity share capital<span class=\"_ _177\"> </span>156.8<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Retained earnings and other reserves<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">3,564.9<span class=\"_ _1c0\"> </span>4,233.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Net asset value<span class=\"_ _cd\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>370.6<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>408.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal capital<span class=\"_ _1d0\"> </span>4,092.3<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>4,799.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>There ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve been no significant changes to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s capital management objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, policies and processes in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, nor has there been any change in what the Group considers to be its capital.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>14. Financial commi<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial commitments to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est additional funds which hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e not been provided f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Commitments<span class=\"_ _34\"> </span>385.0<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>385.0<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>360.2<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>360.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The financial commitments are principally uncalled commitments to private funds, which are typically <span class=\"_ _1\"/>established as 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0-y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear funds with a five<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">-year in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment period, and are div<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersified across multiple funds </span>and <span class=\"_ _0\"/>vintage years.<span class=\"ws0\"> <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The majority are denominated in US dollars and </span>therefore subject to currency fluct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uation.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>15. In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ves<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tment p<span class=\"_ _1\"/>roperty<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _10a\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Rental income from in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties<span class=\"_ _13\"> </span>2.1<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>2.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Direct operating expenses arising from inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties that generated rental income during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _147\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4)<span class=\"_ _26\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash outflo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w from leases<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group and Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y is committed to making the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing payments under non-cancellable leases <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er the periods described.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _10a\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Within <span class=\"_ _0\"/>one year<span class=\"_ _c7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">0.4<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Under non-cancellable leases the Group and Company will receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _10a\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Within <span class=\"_ _0\"/>one year<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span></span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een one and two <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.6<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>0.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een two and three <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een three and four <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years<span class=\"_ _db\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een four and five <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years<span class=\"_ _7f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er <span class=\"_ _18\"/>five y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears<span class=\"_ _1d1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>All inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties held by the Group during the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year generated rental income.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y leases <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Spencer House from the Spencer <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>rustees (the T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>rustees). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The terms of this lease include pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>visions such that: any assignment or sale <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the lease can occur <span class=\"_ _1\"/>only with the consent of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ustees, there are limits on e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vent frequency and that the T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>rustees retain certain (de minimis) usage rights <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er the \u2018fine rooms<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Company is required to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>externally redecorate <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ery three years and to internally redecorate <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ery seven <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The property is typically open to the public f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or viewing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>every <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Sunda<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cept during August. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment property portfolio is v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued by JLL on a six<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-monthly basis in accordance with current RICS <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation \u2013 Global Standards, published by the R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>al Institution of Chartered <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Surve<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yors, on the basis of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>open market v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The most recent v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation, which reflects the factors highlighted abo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve, w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as undertaken as at 31 December 2022.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>16. Other receivab<span class=\"_ _1\"/>les<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash margin<span class=\"_ _1d2\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Amounts receivable <span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>0.6<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.6<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.7<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Prepa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yments and accrued income<span class=\"_ _ca\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>6.6<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sales for future settlement<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>52.3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>52.3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>23.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>123.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unsettled inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment subscriptions<span class=\"_ _1d2\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>48.0<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>48.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>245.3<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>244.9<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>262.8<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>262.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The carrying amount <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of other receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ables approximates their f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, due to their short-term nature.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>17. Relat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed party t<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ran<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sac<span class=\"_ _0\"/>tion<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In the normal course of its business, the Group has <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entered into a number of transactions with related parties. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>All arrangements with related parties are monitored by the Conflicts Committee, which is comprised solely of independent non-e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xecutiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e Directors.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>ransactions with Hannah Rothschild or par<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ties relat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed to her<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>During the current and prior <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year the Group transacted with entities classified as related to Hannah Rothschild as a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of her having significant influence o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver them, a beneficial interest in them, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or otherwise in accordance with IAS 24.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group had cost-sharing arrangements with these related parties cov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ering the provision and receipt <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of administrative as well as inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment advisory<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, support and supply services. Under these arrangements the Group received \u00a361,757 (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>22,673) and paid \u00a37<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4,077 (2021: \u00a382,996).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Certain of these related parties <span class=\"_ _1\"/>occupy <span class=\"_ _1\"/>office space in St. J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Place which is o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wned or leased b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The rent, rates and services charged by the Group f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear ended 31 December 2022 amounted to \u00a3203,539 (2021: \u00a3270,690).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Nothing was <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ow<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed by the Group to the parties related to Hannah Rothschild at <span class=\"_ _1\"/>either 31 December 2022 or 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The balance due to the Group from these related parties at 31 December 2022 was \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>1,693 (2021: \u00a37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>,663).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>No subscriptions were made to its associate, JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM (London) LLP in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear (2021: Company \u00a3nil; JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM management \u00a3nil) and the Company has a remaining commitment <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a350,00<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 (2021: \u00a350,00<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group under<span class=\"_ _1\"/>takings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM acts as the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, administrator and corporate secretary<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. During t<span class=\"_ _0\"/>he <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year ended 31 December 2022, the charge for these services from JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM to the Company amounted to \u00a349.7 million (2021: \u00a371<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.5 million). JRCM incurred rent charges <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a3<span class=\"ws0\">580,00<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 </span>(2021: \u00a3580,00<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0) from the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. During the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Spencer House Limited (also a wholly-o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wned subsidiary of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y) earned property management rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enues of \u00a398,827 from JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM (2021: \u00a37<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4,961) and \u00a31,597<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>,394 from the Company (2021: \u00a31,671,731).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>17. Relat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed party t<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ran<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sac<span class=\"_ _0\"/>tion<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Amounts due from subsidiaries and to subsidiaries are disclosed on the face <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s balance sheet. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The balances <span class=\"_ _1\"/>outstanding at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear ends are sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w below:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Amounts ow<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed by<span class=\"ws0\">/(to) </span>Group undertakings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments US, Inc<span class=\"_ _b9\"> </span>4.5<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments GP Limited<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span>(0.1)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1d3\"> </span>4.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Amounts ow<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed <span class=\"ws0\">by/(to) </span>Company undertakings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments US, Inc<span class=\"_ _b9\"> </span>4.5<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM<span class=\"_ _c4\"> </span>(94.7)<span class=\"_ _df\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>28.8)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _f3\"> </span>(90.2)<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>(125.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RITCP P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ension and Lif<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Assur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ance Scheme<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s pension scheme is deemed to be a related party of the Company pursuant to IA<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S 24. Details of the pension contributions made during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear are disclosed in Note 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>There w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ere no amounts o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing to or b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the pension scheme to the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, or any subsidiary<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, at 31 December 2022 (2021: \u00a3nil).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Direct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ors and k<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ey manag<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ement personnel<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Details of the remuneration and benefits attributable to Directors and ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y management personnel are set out belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1d4\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Short-term employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ee benefits<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">4.1<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Share-based payment<span class=\"_ _19e\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.0<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _143\"> </span>20.1<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>30.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has no ultimate controlling party<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span><span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>18. Borrowings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group and Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unsecured loans pay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able within one <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volving credit facilities<span class=\"_ _90\"> </span>236.2<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>240.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unsecured loans pay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able in more than one <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>Fixed rate loan notes<span class=\"_ _c0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal borr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>owings<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>370.6<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>408.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 31 December 2022 the Company had three re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volving credit facilities (R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CFs): an \u00a385 million three-year facility with BNP P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aribas SA<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> agreed in December 2022, a \u00a3150 million fiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e-year f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acility with </span>Commonw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ealth Bank <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ustralia agreed in December 20<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8 and a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 million three-year f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acility with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China agreed in December 2022. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese are flexible as to currency<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, duration and number of dra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wdo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wns, and bear interest linked to SONIA, LIBOR or equivalent<span class=\"ws0\"> relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant to the period and currency </span>drawn. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>As the<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y are drawn in tranches with tenors less than one year the<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y are classified as current liabilities. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he fair value and par value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the drawn borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as \u00a3236.2 million (2021: \u00a3240.0 million). A change in interest rates is not <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expected to hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e a significant impact on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value of the R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CFs. No bank loans are held within subsidiaries. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he weighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage interest rate on drawn do<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn RCFs at the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year end w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as 5.85% (2021: 1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.69%). On 1 June 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 the Company issued \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million of fix<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed rate loan notes with tenors between 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0 and 20 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears and coupons from 3.00% to 3.56%. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These Notes are held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and pay interest on a semi-annual basis. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this debt at the end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the year w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4 million (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9 million) calculated using a discount rate of <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">5.24% (2021: 2.04%). A 5% increase/decrease in </span>the underlying discount rate would result in an increase/decrease in net assets of <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">approximately \u00a32.3 million (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4 million) or 0.06% </span>(2021: 0.03%). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he weighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage interest rate pay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able on these Notes is 3.45% and their remaining weighted a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verage tenor is 8.2 years. The <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erall weighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage interest rate on dra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn borrowings at the year <span class=\"_ _0\"/>end <span class=\"_ _0\"/>was <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">4.93% (2021: 2.38%).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>19. Other payab<span class=\"_ _1\"/>les<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Accruals <span class=\"_ _1d5\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.5<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>28.3<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other creditors<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>24.9<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>24.7<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>40.6<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>40.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Purchases f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future settlement<span class=\"_ _1b2\"> </span>24.1<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>24.1<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>63.5<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>54.1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>168.8<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>143.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other payables appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ximates their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue, due to their short-term nature.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>20. Shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e cap<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ital<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Shares in issue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Nominal value of total shares in issue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Nominal value of total shares in issue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Allotted, issued and fully paid:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 1 January<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56,848,065<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 31 December<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>156,848,065<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>156.8<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>156.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y has one class <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The share capital is not distributable.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In 2022, 51<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4,634 shares were bought back at a cost <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a3<span class=\"ls1f ws25\">11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span></span> million and held in treasury (2021: 59,1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>89 shares at a cost of \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4 million) meaning at 31 December 2022, 689,863 shares were held in treasury (2021:1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>75,229 shares).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>21. Shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>emium<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1d4\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 1 January<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>45.7<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>45.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 31 December<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>45.7<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>45.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The share premium is not distributable.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>22. Cap<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ital redemp<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tion r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eser<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ve<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _124\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at start <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _c1\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 31 December<span class=\"_ _97\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>36.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The capital redemption reserv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e is not distributable and represents the cumulative nominal v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of shares acquired f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or cancellation.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>23. Own shares r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eser<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ve<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1d4\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Opening cost<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>(23.0)<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Own shares acquired<span class=\"_ _1a6\"> </span>(40.4)<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Own shares transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred<span class=\"_ _b9\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">1<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span></span>13.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Closing cost<span class=\"_ _1d7\"> </span>(46.3)<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(23.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has <span class=\"_ _1\"/>established an Employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ee Benefit <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>rust (EBT) which purchases shares in order to meet the anticipated v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of equity-settled, share-based a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>At the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end, the EBT held 1,988,580 shares with a cost of \u00a346.3 million and mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a342.3 million (2021: 932,403 shares, cost \u00a323.0 million, market v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue \u00a325.6 million). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he own shares reserv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e is not distributable.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>24. Shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e-based payments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group utilises share-based a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees, the vast majority of which are <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity-settled, and designed to align the interests of employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees with <span class=\"_ _0\"/>those of shareholders.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Restricted share units (R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>SUs) were a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>warded to emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yees during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These are commonly used long-term incentive a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards that comprise aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards of shares made to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employees that will v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est after a three-year service period and then are typically subject to a further two-y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear holding period. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>There are also a small number <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of legacy share appreciation rights (SARs) remaining which v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est based on market-based perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance conditions and subject to continued service. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese are no longer awarded to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees since the conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersion to RSUs w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as made in 2021<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition, 60% of annual bonuses <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>50,00<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 (for JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM directors) or \u00a3250,000 (for other <span class=\"_ _1\"/>employ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ees) are made in defer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>red shares which vest <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er three <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears (based on a service condition).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The total <span class=\"_ _1\"/>expense f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or share-based awards, including related social security costs, recognised in the consolidated income statement was \u00a320.3 million (2021: \u00a320.4 million) <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of which \u00a30.1 million related to SARs, \u00a3<span class=\"ws0\">9.9 million to RSUs, and \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3 million to deferred shares.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>The mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vement in share-based a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards is as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Number (thousand)<span class=\"_ _1af\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Outstanding at the start of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>SARs/performance shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>342<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>4,21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7  <span class=\"ws0\">RSUs<span class=\"_ _1a7\"> </span>1,397<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013</span>  Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>841<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>488 <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span> T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2,580<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>4,705<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Granted during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear:  RSUs<span class=\"_ _1d4\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">352<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>493</span>  Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>shares<span class=\"_ _32\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">553<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>554</span> <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span> T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _f3\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">905<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>1,047<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersion during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>SARs/performance shares (surrendered)<span class=\"_ _42\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(3,505)  RSUs <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>(replacement)<span class=\"_ _77\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1,1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51</span> <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span> T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1d8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(2,354)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Exercised/v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ested during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>SARs/performance shares<span class=\"_ _e1\"> </span>(3)<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>(263)  RSUs<span class=\"_ _1d9\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(256)<span class=\"_ _142\"> </span>(246)</span>  Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(406)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1) <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span> T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(665)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(71<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Lapsed/forf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eited during the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>SARs/performance shares<span class=\"_ _81\"> </span>(24)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>07)  RSUs<span class=\"_ _1da\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0)<span class=\"_ _136\"> </span>(1)</span>  Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>shares<span class=\"_ _1b6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013</span> <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span> T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(34)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>08)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Outstanding at the end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear: <span class=\"_ _0\"/> SARs<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3<span class=\"_ _0\"/>15<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">342</span>  RSUs<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1,483<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>1,397  Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>988<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>841 <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span> T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2,786<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>2,580<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>SARs e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xercisable at <span class=\"_ _1\"/>year end<span class=\"_ _1ab\"> </span><span class=\"ls52 ws75\">122<span class=\"_ _1c0\"> </span></span><span class=\"ws0\">53<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Intr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>insic value of SARs ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ercisable at y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end (\u00a3 million)<span class=\"_ _1db\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or share-based aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards granted during the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, the w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of each a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as 2,470 pence (2021: 2,230 pence).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Share-based aw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards with only service conditions attached (def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred shares and RSUs) w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ere valued using the pre<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailing market price and a lock-up discount factor as applicable.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>25. Cap<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ital reser<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ve<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at start <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span>4,1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.4<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>4,203.4<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>3,350.1<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>3,380.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Gains/(loss) for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>(535.3)<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>(535.3)<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>919.8<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>91<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividend paid<span class=\"_ _33\"> </span>(57<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>(57<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>(55.0)<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>(55.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other capital items<span class=\"_ _103\"> </span>(32.6)<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>(31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>(38.0)<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>(42.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>axation<span class=\"_ _81\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _69\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(2.5)<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal capital return<span class=\"_ _107\"> </span>(625.5)<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>(624.8)<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>824.3<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>822.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at end of year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>3,548.9<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>3,578.6<span class=\"_ _ac\"> </span>4,17<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.4<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>4,203.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Articles of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Association allo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w distribution by dividends of realised capital reserves.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1d4\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Capital reserve: <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>in respect of in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments realised<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>2,542.3<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>2,854.1 <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>in respect of in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held<span class=\"_ _1b2\"> </span>1,036.3<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>1,349.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at end of year<span class=\"_ _98\"> </span>3,578.6<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>4,203.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>26. Revenue r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eser<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ve<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at start <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _12e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4)<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>76.1)<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>5.1<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>(136.8)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Loss f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1dc\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3)<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>(33.4)<span class=\"_ _142\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.3)<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>(39.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Actuarial gain/(loss)<span class=\"_ _91\"> </span>(4.5)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>9<span class=\"_ _12d\"> </span></span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Def<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erred tax (charge)/credit<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _12d\"> </span></span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at end of year<span class=\"_ _dc\"> </span>(29.1)<span class=\"_ _1dd\"> </span>(209.5)<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4)<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>(17<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As permitted b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y Section 408 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Companies A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ct 2006, the Company has not published a separate income statement <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or statement of comprehensiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e income. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue loss after tax amounted to \u00a333.4 million (2021: loss \u00a339.3 million). The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s total comprehensive e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpense for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year was \u00a359<span class=\"ls1f ws25\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span></span> million (2021: \u00a3839.5 million profit).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>27. Revaluation r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eser<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ve<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at start <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation gain/(loss) on property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and equipment<span class=\"_ _a4\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Balance at end of year<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span><span class=\"ls56 ws7b\">11.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>11<span class=\"_ _0\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>The re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>valuation reserv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e is not distributable.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>28.  <span class=\"_ _67\"/>N<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et asset value per or<span class=\"_ _1\"/>dinar<span class=\"_ _0\"/>y sha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>re \u2013  basic and dilu<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net asset value per <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary share is based on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing data:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December<span class=\"_ _1c7\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net assets (\u00a3 million)<span class=\"_ _93\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Number of shares in issue (million)<span class=\"_ _1de\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Shares held in EBT (million)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(2.0)<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>(0.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Shares held in treasury (million)<span class=\"_ _80\"> </span>(0.7)<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Basic shares (million)<span class=\"_ _1df\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>54.1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>55.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect of share-based payment a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wards (million)<span class=\"_ _64\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>7<span class=\"_ _130\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Diluted shar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es (million)<span class=\"_ _1e0\"> </span>155.8<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>157<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>pence<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>pence<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net asset value per <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary share \u2013 <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>basic<span class=\"_ _14f\"> </span>2,414<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>2,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net asset value per <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary share \u2013 diluted<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>2,388<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>2,794<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>29. In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ves<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tments in subsidia<span class=\"_ _1\"/>r<span class=\"_ _0\"/>y undertak<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _14\"> </span> Carrying value at 1 J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>anuary 2022<span class=\"_ _66\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>07<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Additions<span class=\"_ _11b\"> </span>2.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Disposals<span class=\"_ _1e1\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue movements in <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _39\"> </span>(2.8)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Car<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rying value at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _1e2\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>07<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _14\"> </span> Carrying value at 1 J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>anuary 2021<span class=\"_ _1d0\"> </span>75.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Additions<span class=\"_ _11b\"> </span>3.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Disposals<span class=\"_ _1e1\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue movements in <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>28.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Car<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rying value at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _1e2\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>07<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in subsidiary undertakings are stated at cost or f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value where appropriate.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>At 31 December 2022 the Company held in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing subsidiaries, which, unless otherwise stated, are wholly-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>owned, share the same accounting ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence date as the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y and operate principally in their country <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of incorporation. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oting share capital, unless otherwise stated, is held directly b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In accordance with IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0 the subsidiary below is consolidated by the Group and held by the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y at cost:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Name<span class=\"_ _107\"> </span>Issued share capital<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 \u00a36,250,00<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1 divided into 6,250,00<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ordinary shares of \u00a31 each and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>one special share of \u00a31 which provides rights o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the use of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>\u201cJ. Rothschild\u201d name.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Registered office and principal place <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of business: 27 St. J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s Place, London SW1A 1NR.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>29.  <span class=\"_ _67\"/>I<span class=\"_ _1\"/>nv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in su<span class=\"_ _1\"/>bsidiar<span class=\"_ _0\"/>y undertakings (con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>I<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>n accordance with IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0 the Company and Group holds the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing subsidiaries at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue at 31 December 2022:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Name<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Principal place of business<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ownership interest<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Spencer House Limited<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1,5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>England<span class=\"_ _26\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>RIT US <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>alue Partnership LP<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1,6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>England<span class=\"_ _26\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>RIT Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments GP Limited<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2,3,5 Scotland <span class=\"_ _40\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>J. R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>othschild Capital Management US Inc<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>4,5 United States <span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>RIT Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments US Inc<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3,4,5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>United States <span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>RIT US Holdings LLP<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3,4,6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>United States <span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">10<span class=\"_ _18\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Registered office and principal place <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of business: 27 St. J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s Place, London SW1A 1NR.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Registered office and principal place <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of business: 50 Lothian Road, Edinburgh EH3 9WJ.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Held indirectly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>4 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Registered office: 251 Little Falls Driv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Wilmington, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9808, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>5 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Ownership interest is ordinary shares.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>6 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Ownership interest is partnership capital.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or all of the abo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve the proportion of v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oting rights held is equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alent to the o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wnership interest.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>There are no significant restrictions arising from an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y contractual arrangements or regulatory requirements that w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the ability of any <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e entities to transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er funds to or repa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y loans made by the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>There are no <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other current commitments or contractual arrangements to provide financial support to an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e other than in the normal course <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of business (e.g<span class=\"_ _0\"/>. funding of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment transactions/capital calls). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y has not assisted any <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e entities in obtaining financial support in an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y wa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er <span class=\"_ _18\"/>the y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>30. Dividends<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ence<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>per share<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ence<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>per share<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividends paid in year<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>35.25<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>57<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>55.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The abo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve amounts w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ere paid as distributions to equity holders of the Company in the rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year from accumulated capital profits.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>On 28 F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ebruary 2022 the Board declared a first interim dividend <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.5 pence per share in respect of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year ended 31 December 2022 that was paid <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on <span class=\"ws4\">29 April 2022</span>. A second interim dividend of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.5 pence per share was declared by the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard on <span class=\"ws4\">1 A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ugust 2022<span class=\"ws0\"> </span></span>and paid on <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">28 October 2022. </span>The B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard declares the payment <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a first interim dividend of 19<span class=\"_ _0\"/> <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">pence per share in respect of the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year ending 31 December 2023. </span>This will be paid <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on <span class=\"ws4\">28 April 2023</span> to shareholders on the register on 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1 April<span class=\"ws0\"> 2023, and funded from the accumulated capital profits.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>31.  <span class=\"_ _67\"/>Reconcilia<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tion of p<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rofi<span class=\"_ _1\"/>t/(loss) befor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e finance costs and taxa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tion to net cas<span class=\"_ _1\"/>h inflow/(ou<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tflow) from o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>perating activities befor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e taxatio<span class=\"_ _1\"/>n and int<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erest<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Profit/(loss) bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore dividend and interest income, finance costs and taxation <span class=\"_ _9d\"> </span>(569.2)<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>871<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividend income<span class=\"_ _b2\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>8.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest income<span class=\"_ _109\"> </span>9.8<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>2.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Profit/(loss) bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore finance costs and taxation<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>(552.2)<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>881<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Increase)/decrease in other receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ables<span class=\"_ _42\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span></span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>57<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Increase/(decrease) in other pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables<span class=\"_ _34\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>05.3)<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>05.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>35.7<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Gains)/losses on borrowings<span class=\"_ _a1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(34.5)<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Unrealised foreign ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change (gains)/losses on repayments and dra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings of borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _ff\"> </span>(5.2)<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>3.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Purchase <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of investments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>(886.3)<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>(1,351<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sale of in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _43\"> </span>1,395.6<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>1,397<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Gains)/losses on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _b1\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>92.4<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>(807<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net cash inflow/(outflo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w) from oper<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ating activities befor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e taxation and inter<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est<span class=\"_ _ff\"> </span><span class=\"ls55 ws7a\">5<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span></span>7<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>71<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Profit/(loss) bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore dividend and interest income, finance costs and taxation <span class=\"_ _1e3\"> </span>(581<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>849.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Dividend income<span class=\"_ _b2\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>8.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest income<span class=\"_ _109\"> </span>9.8<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>2.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Profit/(loss) bef<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore finance costs and taxation<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span><span class=\"fc1\">(564.6)<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span></span>859.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Increase)/decrease in other receiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ables<span class=\"_ _42\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">1<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7.<span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span></span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>57<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Increase/(decrease) in other pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables<span class=\"_ _112\"> </span>(89.7)<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>00.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(20.0)<span class=\"_ _142\"> </span>34.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Gains)/losses on borrowings<span class=\"_ _a1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(34.5)<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Unrealised foreign ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change (gains)/losses on repayments and dra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings of borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _ff\"> </span>(5.2)<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>3.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Purchase <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of investments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>(883.8)<span class=\"_ _1e4\"> </span>(1,348.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sale of in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _43\"> </span>1,395.6<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span>1,405.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(Gains)/losses on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _b1\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>92.4<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>(807<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net cash inflow/(outflo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w) from oper<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ating activities befor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e taxation and inter<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est<span class=\"_ _91\"> </span><span class=\"ls55 ws7a\">7.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>7<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>78.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ls4b ws0\">Prior <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year realised foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange (gains)/losses <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on repayments and drawings </span>of borrowings <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a30.6m hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e been re-presented within Other movements<span class=\"ls1\">.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Reconciliation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of liabilities arising from financing activities:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _131\"> </span><span class=\"fs1d\">2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Non-cash<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>changes in<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(draw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>downs)/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>repayments<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings \u2013 current<span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span>(240.0)<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>(32.4)<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>36.2<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>(236.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings \u2013 non-current<span class=\"_ _e2\"> </span>(168.9)<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>34.5<span class=\"_ _1e5\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>2.1<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>36.2<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 Including currency translation.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>32. Ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>terial in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>lated undertakings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information regarding in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn here.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Disclosed below are the ten largest in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio (ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cluding inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in non-consolidated subsidiaries) shown at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Attestor V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>48.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>HCIF Offshore<span class=\"_ _1e7\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3D Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1e8\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>30.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>residor Credit Opportunities<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>08.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BlackRock Strategic Equity<span class=\"_ _cf\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">97<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>ARCM IV<span class=\"_ _fa\"> </span>95.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Springs Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1e9\"> </span>92.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Motive<span class=\"_ _1ea\"> </span>76.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT US <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>alue Partnership<span class=\"_ _1eb\"> </span>72.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Caxton Dynamis<span class=\"_ _140\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">7<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1ec\"> </span>1,023.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Coupang<span class=\"_ _1ed\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>88.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Eisler Capital<span class=\"_ _52\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>63.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BlackRock Strategic Equity<span class=\"_ _d8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">143.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Springs Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1db\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Attestor V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>30.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>HCIF Offshore<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span>127<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>W<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard Fer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ry A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sian Smaller Companies<span class=\"_ _19d\"> </span>93.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Iconiq <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic Partners III<span class=\"_ _1ee\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>NE F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (previously Lansdo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wne New Energy)<span class=\"_ _1a0\"> </span>80.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sand <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>Grove T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>actical<span class=\"_ _1ef\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">76.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1ec\"> </span>1,224.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther to the disclosures in Note 29 (Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in subsidiary undertakings), the table on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing page sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws a list of significant related undertakings of the Group as at 31 December 2022. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments shown the principal place of business is considered to be the place of registration and the proportion <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of voting rights held is considered to be the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ownership interest. The Directors do not consider that an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments shown in the table <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing page fall within the definition of an associated company (aside from the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities noted below the table) as the Group does not e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xercise significant influence <span class=\"_ _1\"/>over their operating and financial policies as it is a passive in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestor<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In a number of cases the Group <span class=\"_ _1\"/>owns more than 50% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a particular class of shares <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership interest. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group does not consider these holdings, although greater than 50%, provide control <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estee entities concerned as firstly the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s position as a passive in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestor in these <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities acts as a substantive barrier to its ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ercising any po<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wer o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee and secondly the nature <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s holding does not give it the ability to direct the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant activities of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee because it does not control <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or participate in the gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erning bodies of these <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unconsolidated str<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uctur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed entities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group holds interests in closed-ended limited partnerships which inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est in underlying companies or securities f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the purposes of capital appreciation. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The Group, alongside the other limited partners, makes commitments to finance the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment programme of the rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant GP <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, who ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y draw do<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn this committed amount either upfront <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver a period of <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The table below sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s carrying value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of such investments and represents the maximum e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to loss based on the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s contributions to date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1f0\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2,034<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>2,590<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Included within Investments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The list <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of significant related undertakings on page 86 is pursuant to the requirements of Companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Act 2006, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statutory Instrument 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 No. 980 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Companies, Partnerships and Groups (A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ccounts and Reports) R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>egulations 20<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5, IFR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S and the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SORP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Disclosed on page <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">86 for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ended 31 December 2022 are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Entities classified as significant holdings (20% or greater interest in a class of shares <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership);<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Material investee undertakings in which the Group had an interest of o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver 3% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the allotted shares of any class; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Material investment funds in which the Group had an interest <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% or more in any class of share <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or unit.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>All the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in the table on page 86 are held at FVPL.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>32. Ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>terial in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>lated undertakings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(con<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tinued)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment name<span class=\"_ _1d0\"> </span><span class=\"ws7d\">Place of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>registration<span class=\"_ _fb\"> </span></span>Registered address<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>interest<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>992 Co-Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est (Offshore) LP<span class=\"_ _ca\"> </span>Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>26.6<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>49.7%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Blumberg Capital I LP<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>Delaware, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>580 How<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard Street, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Suite 40<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1, San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>05<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>5.4<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>56.1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BX-B Ribbit Opportunity IV<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, LLC<span class=\"_ _1f1\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>209 Orange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ilmington, Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>980<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.8<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>22.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BX-C Ribbit Opportunity IV<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, LLC<span class=\"_ _1f1\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>209 Orange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ilmington, Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>980<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>29.2%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Clay P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oint In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestors <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SPV 9, LP<span class=\"_ _9d\"> </span>Delaware, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>651 N. Broad <span class=\"_ _1\"/>St., Suite 206, Middleto<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>9709<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>4.1<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>58.1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Darwin Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate Equity I LP<span class=\"_ _35\"> </span>Scotland<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>50 L<span class=\"_ _1\"/>othian Road, F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estival <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Square, Edinburgh EH3 9WJ<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.8<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>23.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Firebird New R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ussia F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Ltd, Class A1<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>PO Box 897<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Windward 1, Grand Cayman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>03<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>25.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortress Credit Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (C) LP<span class=\"_ _ff\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _128\"> </span>Maples Corporate <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Services Limited, P<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.O. B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ox 309, Ugland House,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04, Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">33.3%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>ICQ Holdings 6 LLC<span class=\"_ _1f2\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>271<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1 Centerville R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oad, Suite 400, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Wilmington, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9808<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>39.7<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>00.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Infinity SDC <span class=\"_ _0\"/>Ltd<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>England <span class=\"_ _18\"/>&amp; Wales<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">500-60<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Witan Gate <span class=\"_ _2\"/>West, Milton Ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ynes MK9 1SH<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.8<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>23.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>JRCM (L<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ondon) LLP<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>England <span class=\"_ _18\"/>&amp; Wales<span class=\"_ _d1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">27 St J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Place, London <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SW1A 1NR<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>50.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Lansdowne NE F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und, Unhedged Non-R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estricted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>absolute shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _b4\"> </span>32 Molesworth <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, Dublin 2<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">7<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>50.4%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Media <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>echnology <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>entures IV LP<span class=\"_ _1f4\"> </span>California, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>185 B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erry <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, Suite 3600, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>07<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>38.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RR Capital Partners LP<span class=\"_ _82\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _1dd\"> </span>One Maritime Plaza, Suite 21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>20.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sand Grov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>actical F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>und LP<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>63.1<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sand Grov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e UK <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>actical P<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ortfolio<span class=\"_ _b6\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>46.5<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Springs Global <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic Partners F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und \u2013 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Anchor<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Class<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _1f5\"> </span>2nd Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, 2 Custom House Plaza, Harbourmaster Place, Dublin 1<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span></span>30.2%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Springs Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und LP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, Series <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>4th Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Willow House, Crick<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et Square, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-90<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>92.7<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>53.8%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>residor Credit Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und<span class=\"_ _1cd\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _1f5\"> </span>2nd Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, 2 Custom House Plaza, Harbourmaster Place, Dublin 1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>81<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ribeca Global Natural Resources F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eeder F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Class A P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>articipating <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Shares Unrestricted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>27 Hospital Road, George <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-9008<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span></span>62.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Xander <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Seleucus II LP<span class=\"_ _1f6\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _100\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span>41<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Xander Seleucus <span class=\"_ _0\"/>LP<span class=\"_ _19f\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>43.3%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Xander <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Seleucus Retail LP<span class=\"_ _1ab\"> </span>Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman Islands<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>48.8%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _18\"/> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Directors consider these entities, in which the Group holds ordinary shares, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or limited partnership interests, as associated companies as the Group has<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>significant influence due to circumstances particular to the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group has chosen to account for associated companies held f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or investment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>purposes at FVPL in accordance with IAS 28 In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Associates and Joint <span class=\"_ _2\"/>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>entures and IFRS 9 Financial Instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments.",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfNotesAndOtherExplanatoryInformationExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-399": {
   "value": "1. Accounting Policies The consolidated financial statements of the Group and Company are  prepared in accordance with UK adopted IAS and the requirements  of the Companies Act 2006. The Company has taken advantage of  section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present the parent  company profit and loss account. The Company is domiciled in the  United Kingdom.  The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern  basis and under the historical cost convention except for the  revaluation of financial instruments (including derivatives),  investment properties held at fair value through profit or loss (FVPL),  associates held at FVPL, certain non-consolidated subsidiaries held  at FVPL, and property, plant and equipment held at fair value. In  making this going concern assumption, the Directors have taken into  account the closed-ended nature of the Company, its existing cash  balances (\u00a3207 million) and monitoring procedures, its borrowing  capacity (\u00a390 million facilities committed and undrawn), as well as  the value of investments which could be realised to fund liabilities,  and covenants as well as cash flow forecasts for the period to  30 June 2024 and uncalled commitments (\u00a3385 million). Further  details can be found on page 25. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.  Where the presentational guidance set out in the Statement of  Recommended Practice: Financial Statements of Investment Trust  Companies (the SORP) issued by the Association of Investment  Companies (AIC) in July 2022 is consistent with the requirements of  UK adopted IAS, the Directors have sought to prepare the financial  statements on a basis which complies with the recommendations of  the SORP.  Climate change In preparing the financial statements, the Directors have considered  the impact of climate change insofar as they are reasonably able,  particularly in the context of the climate-related risks identified  in the principal risks and viability section of the Strategic Report.  These considerations did not have a material impact on the financial  reporting judgements and estimates in the current year, nor were  they expected to have a significant impact on the Group\u2019s going  concern or viability. Basis of consolidation The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial  statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company  (its subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each year. The Board has  concluded that the Company, being the parent entity of the Group,  continues to meet the particular characteristics of an \u2018Investment  Entity\u2019. The \u2018Investment Entity\u2019 amendment to IFRS 10 Consolidated  Financial Statements requires that: (i)   the single subsidiary J.Rothschild Capital Management Limited  (JRCM), that is not itself an investment entity, which provides  investment management services to the Group, is consolidated  on a line-by-line basis with balances between the parent and this  subsidiary eliminated; and (ii)  all other subsidiaries, including Spencer House Limited (SHL),  RIT Investments US, Inc and RIT Investments GP Limited, are  accounted for as investments held at FVPL. In the financial statements of the Company investments in  non-consolidated subsidiaries are carried at fair value and the  consolidated subsidiary is carried at cost less any provision for  impairment made in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets.  Impairment tests are carried out twice each year concurrent with the  Group\u2019s principal reporting dates. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared at the  same reporting date using consistent accounting policies. Control is  achieved where the Company has all of the following; (i)   power over the investee; (ii)   exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with  the investee; and (iii)  the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount  of the Company\u2019s returns. Both the Group and Company hold investments in associates and  joint ventures at fair value as allowed by IAS 28 Investments in  Associates and Joint Ventures and IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. Presentation of income statement In order to better reflect the activities of an investment trust  company, and in accordance with guidance issued by the AIC,  supplementary information which analyses the consolidated income  statement between items of a revenue and capital nature has  been presented within the consolidated income statement and the  consolidated statement of comprehensive income (SOCI). Income Dividend income from investments is recognised when the right to  receive payment has been established and this is normally the ex-  dividend date. UK dividend income is recorded at the amount receivable. Overseas  dividend income is shown net of withholding tax under investment  income. Interest and other income is accrued on a time basis. Rental income from investment properties under short-term leases  is accounted for on a straight-line basis, over the lease term. Allocation between capital and revenue In respect of the analysis between capital and revenue items  presented within the consolidated income statement, the SOCI and  the statement of changes in equity, all expenses and finance costs,  which are accounted for on an accruals basis, have been presented  as revenue items except those items listed below: \u2022   expenses are allocated to capital where a direct connection with  the maintenance or enhancement of the value of the investments  can be demonstrated. Expenses are allocated to revenue where  there is an indirect connection; \u2022   all segregated account fees are considered to be a cost of  achieving a capital return for those external managers operating  segregated accounts. This ensures consistency with the  treatment of all other investment management fees within our  fund investments, which are automatically included in capital and  reflected in the investment gain/loss; \u2022   the Group has in place certain incentive arrangements whereby individuals receive share awards based on investment performance and/or share price growth. The cost of these arrangements derives principally from the capital performance and therefore the Directors consider it appropriate to allocate such costs to capital; \u2022   expenses which are incidental to the purchase or disposal of an investment are deducted from the initial fair value or disposal proceeds of the investment; and \u2022   costs incurred in connection with aborted portfolio investment transactions are also allocated to capital. The following are also presented as capital items: \u2022   gains and losses on the realisation of investments, including foreign exchange differences; \u2022   increases and decreases in the valuation of investments held at the year end, including foreign exchange differences; \u2022   realised and unrealised gains and losses on derivatives transactions of a capital nature; and \u2022   expenses, together with the related taxation effect, allocated to capital in accordance with the above policies. Finance costs Finance costs on borrowings are accounted for on an accruals basis and are settled at the end of each contractual period. Finance costs on derivatives are settled in line with the underlying contract. Finance costs are allocated in the ratio 20:80 to the revenue and capital columns of the income statement. Foreign currencies The individual financial statements of each Group entity are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates, i.e. its functional currency. For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of each entity are expressed in sterling which is the functional currency of the Company, and the presentational currency of the Group. Transactions in currencies other than sterling are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At each balance sheet date, monetary items and non-monetary assets and liabilities that are fair valued and are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. All foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in the consolidated income statement. Taxation The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the consolidated income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are not subject to tax or are not deductible for tax purposes. The Group\u2019s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Investment trusts which have approval under Section 1158 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 are not subject to tax on capital gains. In view of the Company\u2019s status as an investment trust, and its intention to continue meeting the conditions required to maintain approval for the foreseeable future, the Company has not provided current or deferred tax on any capital gains or losses arising on the revaluation or disposal of investments. The carrying amount of the deferred tax asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited to the consolidated income statement or SOCI, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Investments Investments are recognised and derecognised on the trade date where a purchase or sale is made under a contract whose terms require delivery within the timeframe established by the market concerned. All investments are measured initially and at subsequent reporting dates at fair value and classified in accordance with IFRS as \u2018fair value through profit or loss\u2019 (FVPL). Unrealised changes in the fair value of these investments are recognised in the consolidated income statement as capital items. The realised gain or loss arising on the disposal of investments is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset at the beginning of the year and is recognised in the consolidated income statement as capital items. Transaction costs are included within gains or losses on these investments. Fair value, for quoted investments, is either the bid price or the last traded price, depending on the convention of the exchange on which the investment is quoted. Investments in externally- managed funds are valued at the closing price, the bid price or the single price as appropriate, released by the relevant fund administrator or investment manager. In respect of private investments, or where the market for a financial instrument is not active, fair value is estimated by using appropriate valuation techniques and often involves significant judgement and estimation uncertainty. For direct private investments held through co-investment vehicles managed by a General Partner (GP), as well as private funds managed by a GP, the estimated fair value is based on the most recent valuation provided by the GP. These valuations are normally prepared quarterly and usually received within three months of the relevant valuation date. Depending on the timing of the finalisation of the half-year and year-end report and accounts, it is likely that the majority of these assets are valued at the previous quarter end. Where this is the case, the valuations of private funds are adjusted for subsequent investments, distributions and currency moves. In relation to direct co-investments, the valuations will also be adjusted for subsequent investments, distributions and currency moves, as well as pricing events where there is sufficient information to suggest the period- end valuation should be adjusted. Further, in light of the intrinsic valuation uncertainty, where information is received after the year end which relates to conditions present at the year end, an adjustment will be considered if it would be likely to have a material impact on the net assets. Ultimately these valuations are dependent on the reasonableness of the fair value estimation by the GP. The valuations are reviewed periodically by the Manager, and in the absence of contrary information, are assumed to be reliable. A review is also conducted annually in respect of the valuation bases of the investee funds to confirm these are in accordance with fair value standards. Where the Manager has sufficient information to undertake its own valuations, these will be prepared having regard to the International Private Equity and Venture Capital Valuation Guidelines as recommended by the British Private Equity and Venture Capital Association. The inputs into the valuation methodologies adopted include observable data such as historical earnings or cash flows as well as more subjective data such as earnings forecasts or discount rates. At period ends, all of the valuations are subject to review, adjustment as appropriate and ultimately approval by the Company\u2019s Valuation Committee that operates as a sub-committee of the Board comprised entirely of independent non-executive Directors. The gains and losses on financial assets classified at FVPL exclude any related interest income, dividend income and finance costs where these items are separately identifiable. These items are disclosed separately in the financial statements. Leasehold and freehold investment properties are measured initially at cost, including related transaction costs. After initial recognition at cost, investment properties are carried at their fair values based on the external professional valuation made as of each reporting date. Valuation surpluses and deficits arising in the year are included in the consolidated income statement. Derivative financial instruments, including futures, options and other derivatives, are stated in the balance sheet at fair value. For derivatives that are capital in nature, the associated change in value is presented as a capital item in the income statement. The Group has adopted trade date accounting. Accordingly, derivative financial instruments are recognised on the date the Group enters into the relevant contract, and are derecognised on the date on which it commits to their sale or they expire. All derivatives are classified as FVPL and are presented as assets when their fair value is positive, and as liabilities when their fair value is negative. Cash at bank Cash at bank in the balance sheet comprises cash balances and deposits. Provisions A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group or Company has a constructive or legal obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Share-based payment In accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based Payment, the Group is required to reflect in its income statement and balance sheet the effects of share-based payment transactions. The Group\u2019s share- settled incentive schemes include the Annual Incentive Scheme (AIS) (in part), share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted share units (RSUs). AIS awards are structured such that 60% of individual amounts in excess of \u00a3150,000 to \u00a3250,000 (with the lower amount for senior management) are paid in deferred shares of the Company which vest equally over the three years following the award. Deferred shares are valued using the prevailing market price at award. The expense is recognised over the year the award relates to and the following three years. Historically, long-term incentive plan (LTIP) awards were made via SARs and performance shares. SARs were measured at the fair value at grant date using a trinomial option valuation model. The cost is then recognised through the capital column of the income statement over the three-year vest period. Performance shares were conditional awards of shares subject to performance conditions. They were accounted for as equity settled in accordance with IFRS 2. The awards were fair valued at grant using a Monte Carlo model and the resulting cost of an award is then recognised through the capital column of the income statement over the vest period particular to that award. Following a review by the Remuneration Committee, it was decided that from 2021, future LTIP awards would be made using restricted share units (RSUs), with the first such award in March 2021. RSUs are equity-settled awards accounted for in accordance with IFRS 2 and are measured at fair value using the share price at the grant date, adjusted for a two year post-vesting sale restriction. The cost is recognised through the revenue column of the income statement over the three-year vest period. On 31 March 2021, staff members were given the option to convert their existing SARs and performance shares at fair value into RSUs, with the vast majority subsequently converted. This conversion was accounted for in accordance with IFRS 2. Shares required to meet the estimated future requirements from grants or exercises under all schemes, are purchased by an Employee Benefit Trust (EBT), which is consolidated by the Group. The cost of own shares held at the end of the year by the EBT is reflected in the Group\u2019s own shares reserve on the consolidated balance sheet. The movement in equity arising under IFRS 2 is applied to the capital reserve. Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment is shown at cost less accumulated depreciation, save as detailed below. Depreciation is calculated by the Group on a straight-line basis by reference to original cost, estimated useful life and residual value. Cost includes the original purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. The period of estimated useful life for this purpose is between three and five years for the majority of assets except for the Company\u2019s leasehold interest in 27 St. James\u2019s Place for which the estimated useful life is 61 years, which is also the period remaining on the property lease. The proportion of this asset occupied by the Group is accounted for at fair value under the revaluation model allowed by IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment, which is intended to ensure that the carrying value of the asset is never substantially different to its fair value. Changes in fair value are reflected in the SOCI and a separate revaluation reserve. The proportion of property assets not occupied by the Group is accounted for as investment properties at fair value. Determination of fair value requires significant judgement and external advisers are used. Pensions JRCM is a participating employer in the Group\u2019s non-contributory, funded, defined benefit retirement scheme which is closed to new members and the assets of which are held in a trustee-administered fund. There are no longer any active members of this scheme. The Group accounts for this defined benefit retirement scheme by reference to IAS 19 Employee Benefits. The cost of benefits accruing during the year in respect of past service is charged to the income statement and allocated to revenue. The net interest on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the income statement. Actuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets, excluding amounts included in the net interest on the net defined benefit liability or asset, are recognised in the SOCI. An actuarial valuation of the defined benefit retirement scheme is undertaken every three years as at 1 January and is updated as at each principal reporting date. The valuation is carried out using the projected unit credit method of funding basis. The income statement also includes costs incurred in respect of defined contribution schemes, comprising the contributions payable in the year. Other receivables/other payables Other receivables/other payables do not carry any interest, are short-term in nature and are carried at amortised cost. Application of the expected credit loss model to receivables has had an immaterial impact on their carrying value. The carrying value of receivables and payables approximates to their fair value. Amounts owed to/by Group undertakings Amounts owed to/by Group undertakings do not carry any interest and are carried at amortised cost. Application of the expected credit loss model to these items has had an immaterial impact on their carrying value. The carrying value of amounts owed to/by Group undertakings approximates to their fair value. Bank borrowings Interest-bearing bank loans are recorded initially at the proceeds received and subsequently at FVPL, on the basis that the Group and its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in line with IFRS 9, paragraph 4.2.2. The fair value is calculated as the amount to replace the facility which is equal to par. Loan notes Loan notes are classified as a financial liability at FVPL and are measured initially and subsequently at fair value with movements in fair value taken to the income statement as a capital item. The fair value is calculated with a discounted cash flow model using the fixed interest and redemption payments based on the underlying contractual cash flows. The discount rate adopted reflects the prevailing market rate for similar instruments. As a result, the determination of fair value requires management judgement. Further details of the loan notes are provided on page 81. Dividends The Company recognises interim dividends in the year in which they are paid. Share capital and share premium Share capital is classified as equity. Share premium reflects the excess of the consideration received on issuing shares over the nominal value of those shares, net of issue costs. Treasury shares The cost of repurchasing shares into treasury, including all related costs, is dealt with in the Statement of Changes in Equity and deducted from the Capital Reserve. New and amended standards and interpretations not applied The new and amended standards and interpretations that are relevant to RIT and issued, but not yet effective up to the date of issuance of the financial statements, are disclosed below. The Group intends to adopt these, if applicable, when they become effective: \u2022   Amendments to UK adopted IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements on the Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non- current, effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023; \u2022   Amendments to UK adopted IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements and IFRS Practice Statement 2 Making Materiality Judgments on the Disclosure of Accounting Policies, which provide guidance and examples to help entities apply materiality judgements to accounting policy disclosures, effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023; and \u2022  Amendments to UK adopted IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors, which clarify the distinction between changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting policies and the correction of errors, effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023. The impact of these amendments is not expected to be material to the reported results and financial position of the Group. Critical accounting estimates and judgements The preparation of financial statements in conformity with UK adopted IAS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires the Manager and Board to exercise judgement in the process of applying the Group\u2019s accounting policies. The areas requiring a higher degree of judgement or complexity and where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements, are in relation to the valuation of private investments (see pages 64 and 65 and Note 13) and property (see pages 65 and 66 and Notes 10 and 15). ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-400": {
   "value": "1. Accounting Policies The consolidated financial statements of the Group and Company are  prepared in accordance with UK adopted IAS and the requirements  of the Companies Act 2006. The Company has taken advantage of  section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present the parent  company profit and loss account. The Company is domiciled in the  United Kingdom.  The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern  basis and under the historical cost convention except for the  revaluation of financial instruments (including derivatives),  investment properties held at fair value through profit or loss (FVPL),  associates held at FVPL, certain non-consolidated subsidiaries held  at FVPL, and property, plant and equipment held at fair value. In  making this going concern assumption, the Directors have taken into  account the closed-ended nature of the Company, its existing cash  balances (\u00a3207 million) and monitoring procedures, its borrowing  capacity (\u00a390 million facilities committed and undrawn), as well as  the value of investments which could be realised to fund liabilities,  and covenants as well as cash flow forecasts for the period to  30 June 2024 and uncalled commitments (\u00a3385 million). Further  details can be found on page 25. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.  Where the presentational guidance set out in the Statement of  Recommended Practice: Financial Statements of Investment Trust  Companies (the SORP) issued by the Association of Investment  Companies (AIC) in July 2022 is consistent with the requirements of  UK adopted IAS, the Directors have sought to prepare the financial  statements on a basis which complies with the recommendations of  the SORP.  ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfGeneralInformationAboutFinancialStatementsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-4": {
   "value": "United Kingdom",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:CountryOfIncorporation",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-448": {
   "value": "United Kingdom",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DomicileOfEntity",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-401": {
   "value": "Climate change In preparing the financial statements, the Directors have considered  the impact of climate change insofar as they are reasonably able,  particularly in the context of the climate-related risks identified  in the principal risks and viability section of the Strategic Report.  These considerations did not have a material impact on the financial  reporting judgements and estimates in the current year, nor were  they expected to have a significant impact on the Group\u2019s going  concern or viability. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ritplc:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForClimateChange",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-402": {
   "value": "Basis of consolidation The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial  statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company  (its subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each year. The Board has  concluded that the Company, being the parent entity of the Group,  continues to meet the particular characteristics of an \u2018Investment  Entity\u2019. The \u2018Investment Entity\u2019 amendment to IFRS 10 Consolidated  Financial Statements requires that: (i)   the single subsidiary J.Rothschild Capital Management Limited  (JRCM), that is not itself an investment entity, which provides  investment management services to the Group, is consolidated  on a line-by-line basis with balances between the parent and this  subsidiary eliminated; and (ii)  all other subsidiaries, including Spencer House Limited (SHL),  RIT Investments US, Inc and RIT Investments GP Limited, are  accounted for as investments held at FVPL. In the financial statements of the Company investments in  non-consolidated subsidiaries are carried at fair value and the  consolidated subsidiary is carried at cost less any provision for  impairment made in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets.  Impairment tests are carried out twice each year concurrent with the  Group\u2019s principal reporting dates. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared at the  same reporting date using consistent accounting policies. Control is  achieved where the Company has all of the following; (i)   power over the investee; (ii)   exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with  the investee; and (iii)  the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount  of the Company\u2019s returns. Both the Group and Company hold investments in associates and  joint ventures at fair value as allowed by IAS 28 Investments in  Associates and Joint Ventures and IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfBasisOfConsolidationExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-403": {
   "value": "Presentation of income statement In order to better reflect the activities of an investment trust  company, and in accordance with guidance issued by the AIC,  supplementary information which analyses the consolidated income  statement between items of a revenue and capital nature has  been presented within the consolidated income statement and the  consolidated statement of comprehensive income (SOCI). ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ritplc:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForPresentationOfIncomeStatement",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-404": {
   "value": "Income Dividend income from investments is recognised when the right to  receive payment has been established and this is normally the ex-  dividend date. UK dividend income is recorded at the amount receivable. Overseas  dividend income is shown net of withholding tax under investment  income. Interest and other income is accrued on a time basis. Rental income from investment properties under short-term leases  is accounted for on a straight-line basis, over the lease term. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForRecognitionOfRevenue",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-405": {
   "value": "Allocation between capital and revenue In respect of the analysis between capital and revenue items  presented within the consolidated income statement, the SOCI and  the statement of changes in equity, all expenses and finance costs,  which are accounted for on an accruals basis, have been presented  as revenue items except those items listed below: \u2022   expenses are allocated to capital where a direct connection with  the maintenance or enhancement of the value of the investments  can be demonstrated. Expenses are allocated to revenue where  there is an indirect connection; \u2022   all segregated account fees are considered to be a cost of  achieving a capital return for those external managers operating  segregated accounts. This ensures consistency with the  treatment of all other investment management fees within our  fund investments, which are automatically included in capital and  reflected in the investment gain/loss; \u2022   the Group has in place certain incentive arrangements whereby individuals receive share awards based on investment performance and/or share price growth. The cost of these arrangements derives principally from the capital performance and therefore the Directors consider it appropriate to allocate such costs to capital; \u2022   expenses which are incidental to the purchase or disposal of an investment are deducted from the initial fair value or disposal proceeds of the investment; and \u2022   costs incurred in connection with aborted portfolio investment transactions are also allocated to capital. The following are also presented as capital items: \u2022   gains and losses on the realisation of investments, including foreign exchange differences; \u2022   increases and decreases in the valuation of investments held at the year end, including foreign exchange differences; \u2022   realised and unrealised gains and losses on derivatives transactions of a capital nature; and \u2022   expenses, together with the related taxation effect, allocated to capital in accordance with the above policies. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ritplc:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForAllocationBetweenCapitalAndRevenue",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-406": {
   "value": "Finance costs Finance costs on borrowings are accounted for on an accruals basis and are settled at the end of each contractual period. Finance costs on derivatives are settled in line with the underlying contract. Finance costs are allocated in the ratio 20:80 to the revenue and capital columns of the income statement. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForFinanceIncomeAndCostsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-449": {
   "value": "Finance costs Finance costs on borrowings are accounted for on an accruals basis and are settled at the end of each contractual period. Finance costs on derivatives are settled in line with the underlying contract. Finance costs are allocated in the ratio 20:80 to the revenue and capital columns of the income statement. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForFinanceCostsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-407": {
   "value": "Foreign currencies The individual financial statements of each Group entity are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates, i.e. its functional currency. For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of each entity are expressed in sterling which is the functional currency of the Company, and the presentational currency of the Group. Transactions in currencies other than sterling are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At each balance sheet date, monetary items and non-monetary assets and liabilities that are fair valued and are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. All foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in the consolidated income statement. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForForeignCurrencyTranslationExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-408": {
   "value": "Taxation The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the consolidated income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are not subject to tax or are not deductible for tax purposes. The Group\u2019s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Investment trusts which have approval under Section 1158 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 are not subject to tax on capital gains. In view of the Company\u2019s status as an investment trust, and its intention to continue meeting the conditions required to maintain approval for the foreseeable future, the Company has not provided current or deferred tax on any capital gains or losses arising on the revaluation or disposal of investments. The carrying amount of the deferred tax asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited to the consolidated income statement or SOCI, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForIncomeTaxExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-450": {
   "value": "Taxation The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the consolidated income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are not subject to tax or are not deductible for tax purposes. The Group\u2019s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Investment trusts which have approval under Section 1158 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 are not subject to tax on capital gains. In view of the Company\u2019s status as an investment trust, and its intention to continue meeting the conditions required to maintain approval for the foreseeable future, the Company has not provided current or deferred tax on any capital gains or losses arising on the revaluation or disposal of investments. The carrying amount of the deferred tax asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited to the consolidated income statement or SOCI, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForDeferredIncomeTaxExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-409": {
   "value": "Investments Investments are recognised and derecognised on the trade date where a purchase or sale is made under a contract whose terms require delivery within the timeframe established by the market concerned. All investments are measured initially and at subsequent reporting dates at fair value and classified in accordance with IFRS as \u2018fair value through profit or loss\u2019 (FVPL). Unrealised changes in the fair value of these investments are recognised in the consolidated income statement as capital items. The realised gain or loss arising on the disposal of investments is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset at the beginning of the year and is recognised in the consolidated income statement as capital items. Transaction costs are included within gains or losses on these investments. Fair value, for quoted investments, is either the bid price or the last traded price, depending on the convention of the exchange on which the investment is quoted. Investments in externally- managed funds are valued at the closing price, the bid price or the single price as appropriate, released by the relevant fund administrator or investment manager. In respect of private investments, or where the market for a financial instrument is not active, fair value is estimated by using appropriate valuation techniques and often involves significant judgement and estimation uncertainty. For direct private investments held through co-investment vehicles managed by a General Partner (GP), as well as private funds managed by a GP, the estimated fair value is based on the most recent valuation provided by the GP. These valuations are normally prepared quarterly and usually received within three months of the relevant valuation date. Depending on the timing of the finalisation of the half-year and year-end report and accounts, it is likely that the majority of these assets are valued at the previous quarter end. Where this is the case, the valuations of private funds are adjusted for subsequent investments, distributions and currency moves. In relation to direct co-investments, the valuations will also be adjusted for subsequent investments, distributions and currency moves, as well as pricing events where there is sufficient information to suggest the period- end valuation should be adjusted. Further, in light of the intrinsic valuation uncertainty, where information is received after the year end which relates to conditions present at the year end, an adjustment will be considered if it would be likely to have a material impact on the net assets. Ultimately these valuations are dependent on the reasonableness of the fair value estimation by the GP. The valuations are reviewed periodically by the Manager, and in the absence of contrary information, are assumed to be reliable. A review is also conducted annually in respect of the valuation bases of the investee funds to confirm these are in accordance with fair value standards. Where the Manager has sufficient information to undertake its own valuations, these will be prepared having regard to the International Private Equity and Venture Capital Valuation Guidelines as recommended by the British Private Equity and Venture Capital Association. The inputs into the valuation methodologies adopted include observable data such as historical earnings or cash flows as well as more subjective data such as earnings forecasts or discount rates. At period ends, all of the valuations are subject to review, adjustment as appropriate and ultimately approval by the Company\u2019s Valuation Committee that operates as a sub-committee of the Board comprised entirely of independent non-executive Directors. The gains and losses on financial assets classified at FVPL exclude any related interest income, dividend income and finance costs where these items are separately identifiable. These items are disclosed separately in the financial statements. Leasehold and freehold investment properties are measured initially at cost, including related transaction costs. After initial recognition at cost, investment properties are carried at their fair values based on the external professional valuation made as of each reporting date. Valuation surpluses and deficits arising in the year are included in the consolidated income statement. Derivative financial instruments, including futures, options and other derivatives, are stated in the balance sheet at fair value. For derivatives that are capital in nature, the associated change in value is presented as a capital item in the income statement. The Group has adopted trade date accounting. Accordingly, derivative financial instruments are recognised on the date the Group enters into the relevant contract, and are derecognised on the date on which it commits to their sale or they expire. All derivatives are classified as FVPL and are presented as assets when their fair value is positive, and as liabilities when their fair value is negative. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForInvestmentsOtherThanInvestmentsAccountedForUsingEquityMethodExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-410": {
   "value": "Cash at bank Cash at bank in the balance sheet comprises cash balances and deposits. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyToDetermineComponentsOfCashAndCashEquivalents",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-411": {
   "value": "Provisions A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group or Company has a constructive or legal obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForProvisionsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-412": {
   "value": "Share-based payment In accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based Payment, the Group is required to reflect in its income statement and balance sheet the effects of share-based payment transactions. The Group\u2019s share- settled incentive schemes include the Annual Incentive Scheme (AIS) (in part), share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted share units (RSUs). AIS awards are structured such that 60% of individual amounts in excess of \u00a3150,000 to \u00a3250,000 (with the lower amount for senior management) are paid in deferred shares of the Company which vest equally over the three years following the award. Deferred shares are valued using the prevailing market price at award. The expense is recognised over the year the award relates to and the following three years. Historically, long-term incentive plan (LTIP) awards were made via SARs and performance shares. SARs were measured at the fair value at grant date using a trinomial option valuation model. The cost is then recognised through the capital column of the income statement over the three-year vest period. Performance shares were conditional awards of shares subject to performance conditions. They were accounted for as equity settled in accordance with IFRS 2. The awards were fair valued at grant using a Monte Carlo model and the resulting cost of an award is then recognised through the capital column of the income statement over the vest period particular to that award. Following a review by the Remuneration Committee, it was decided that from 2021, future LTIP awards would be made using restricted share units (RSUs), with the first such award in March 2021. RSUs are equity-settled awards accounted for in accordance with IFRS 2 and are measured at fair value using the share price at the grant date, adjusted for a two year post-vesting sale restriction. The cost is recognised through the revenue column of the income statement over the three-year vest period. On 31 March 2021, staff members were given the option to convert their existing SARs and performance shares at fair value into RSUs, with the vast majority subsequently converted. This conversion was accounted for in accordance with IFRS 2. Shares required to meet the estimated future requirements from grants or exercises under all schemes, are purchased by an Employee Benefit Trust (EBT), which is consolidated by the Group. The cost of own shares held at the end of the year by the EBT is reflected in the Group\u2019s own shares reserve on the consolidated balance sheet. The movement in equity arising under IFRS 2 is applied to the capital reserve. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForSharebasedPaymentTransactionsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-413": {
   "value": "Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment is shown at cost less accumulated depreciation, save as detailed below. Depreciation is calculated by the Group on a straight-line basis by reference to original cost, estimated useful life and residual value. Cost includes the original purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. The period of estimated useful life for this purpose is between three and five years for the majority of assets except for the Company\u2019s leasehold interest in 27 St. James\u2019s Place for which the estimated useful life is 61 years, which is also the period remaining on the property lease. The proportion of this asset occupied by the Group is accounted for at fair value under the  revaluation model allowed by IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment,  which is intended to ensure that the carrying value of the asset  is never substantially different to its fair value. Changes in fair  value are reflected in the SOCI and a separate revaluation reserve.  The proportion of property assets not occupied by the Group is  accounted for as investment properties at fair value. Determination  of fair value requires significant judgement and external advisers are  used. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForPropertyPlantAndEquipmentExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-414": {
   "value": "Pensions JRCM is a participating employer in the Group\u2019s non-contributory,  funded, defined benefit retirement scheme which is closed to new  members and the assets of which are held in a trustee-administered  fund. There are no longer any active members of this scheme. The Group accounts for this defined benefit retirement scheme  by reference to IAS 19 Employee Benefits. The cost of benefits  accruing during the year in respect of past service is charged to the  income statement and allocated to revenue. The net interest on  the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the income  statement. Actuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets,  excluding amounts included in the net interest on the net defined  benefit liability or asset, are recognised in the SOCI. An actuarial  valuation of the defined benefit retirement scheme is undertaken  every three years as at 1 January and is updated as at each principal  reporting date. The valuation is carried out using the projected  unit credit method of funding basis. The income statement also  includes costs incurred in respect of defined contribution schemes,  comprising the contributions payable in the year. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForEmployeeBenefitsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-415": {
   "value": "Other receivables/other payables Other receivables/other payables do not carry any interest, are  short-term in nature and are carried at amortised cost. Application of  the expected credit loss model to receivables has had an immaterial  impact on their carrying value. The carrying value of receivables and  payables approximates to their fair value. Amounts owed to/by Group undertakings Amounts owed to/by Group undertakings do not carry any interest  and are carried at amortised cost. Application of the expected credit  loss model to these items has had an immaterial impact on their  carrying value. The carrying value of amounts owed to/by Group  undertakings approximates to their fair value. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForTradeAndOtherReceivablesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-451": {
   "value": "Other receivables/other payables Other receivables/other payables do not carry any interest, are  short-term in nature and are carried at amortised cost. Application of  the expected credit loss model to receivables has had an immaterial  impact on their carrying value. The carrying value of receivables and  payables approximates to their fair value. Amounts owed to/by Group undertakings Amounts owed to/by Group undertakings do not carry any interest  and are carried at amortised cost. Application of the expected credit  loss model to these items has had an immaterial impact on their  carrying value. The carrying value of amounts owed to/by Group  undertakings approximates to their fair value. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForTradeAndOtherPayablesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-416": {
   "value": "Bank borrowings Interest-bearing bank loans are recorded initially at the proceeds  received and subsequently at FVPL, on the basis that the Group and  its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in line with IFRS 9,  paragraph 4.2.2. The fair value is calculated as the amount to replace  the facility which is equal to par. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForBorrowingsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-417": {
   "value": "Loan notes Loan notes are classified as a financial liability at FVPL and are  measured initially and subsequently at fair value with movements  in fair value taken to the income statement as a capital item. The  fair value is calculated with a discounted cash flow model using the  fixed interest and redemption payments based on the underlying  contractual cash flows. The discount rate adopted reflects the  prevailing market rate for similar instruments. As a result, the  determination of fair value requires management judgement. Further  details of the loan notes are provided on page 81. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForLoansAndReceivablesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-418": {
   "value": "Dividends The Company recognises interim dividends in the year in which they  are paid. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForDividendsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-419": {
   "value": "Share capital and share premium Share capital is classified as equity. Share premium reflects the  excess of the consideration received on issuing shares over the  nominal value of those shares, net of issue costs. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForIssuedCapitalExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-420": {
   "value": "Treasury shares The cost of repurchasing shares into treasury, including all related  costs, is dealt with in the Statement of Changes in Equity and  deducted from the Capital Reserve. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForTreasurySharesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-421": {
   "value": "New and amended standards and interpretations not applied The new and amended standards and interpretations that are  relevant to RIT and issued, but not yet effective up to the date of  issuance of the financial statements, are disclosed below. The Group  intends to adopt these, if applicable, when they become effective: \u2022   Amendments to UK adopted IAS 1 Presentation of Financial  Statements on the Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non- current, effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or  after 1 January 2023; \u2022   Amendments to UK adopted IAS 1 Presentation of financial  statements and IFRS Practice Statement 2 Making Materiality  Judgments on the Disclosure of Accounting Policies, which  provide guidance and examples to help entities apply materiality  judgements to accounting policy disclosures, effective for annual  reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023; and \u2022  Amendments to UK adopted IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes  in Accounting Estimates and Errors, which clarify the distinction  between changes in accounting estimates and changes in  accounting policies and the correction of errors, effective for  annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023. The impact of these amendments is not expected to be material to  the reported results and financial position of the Group. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DescriptionOfExpectedImpactOfInitialApplicationOfNewStandardsOrInterpretations",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-422": {
   "value": "Critical accounting estimates and judgements The preparation of financial statements in conformity with UK  adopted IAS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates.  It also requires the Manager and Board to exercise judgement in  the process of applying the Group\u2019s accounting policies. The areas  requiring a higher degree of judgement or complexity and where  assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated  financial statements, are in relation to the valuation of private  investments (see pages 64 and 65 and Note 13) and property (see  pages 65 and 66 and Notes 10 and 15). ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfAccountingJudgementsAndEstimatesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-423": {
   "value": "2. Investment income \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Income from listed investments:  Dividends 7. 2 8.5 Income from unlisted investments:  Interest 4.3 2.0 Interest income on cash balances 5.5 0.2 Income from investment properties 2.1 2.0 Total investment income 19.1 12.7 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ritplc:DisclosureOfInvestmentIncome",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-424": {
   "value": "3. Gains/(losses) on fair value investments \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Gains/(losses) on fair value investments excluding segregated accounts (579.2) 908.4 Net gains/(losses) on segregated accounts 28.0 (3.4) Segregated account fees  - annual (1.7) (1.9) Segregated account fees  - performance (2.6) (1.3) Gains/(losses) on fair value investments held in segregated accounts 23.7 (6.6) Gains/(losses) on fair value investments (555.5) 901.8 The Company\u2019s Investment Policy involves the allocation of part of the portfolio to external fund managers. The vast majority of these managers operate funds where the fees are charged within the fund. These \u2018indirect\u2019 investment management and performance fees are therefore automatically reflected within the valuations received from the administrators or managers, and form part of the investment gains/(losses). At 31 December 2022, three funds (31 December 2021: three) were structured as segregated accounts (disclosed within the Investment Portfolio on pages 17 to 19), where the managers separately invoice the Company for investment management. In order to provide a consistent presentation for all external fees, these are included within the gain/(losses) on fair value investments as shown above. Further details on the typical fee structures for the external funds are set out in the Directors\u2019 Report on pages 52 to 55. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ritplc:DisclosureOfGainsLossesOnFairValueInvestments",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-425": {
   "value": "4. Operating expenses \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Staff costs: Wages and salaries 13.3 23.0 Social security costs 1. 7 3.1 Share-based payment costs 1 (Note 24) 20.3 20.4 Pension costs (Note 11) 0.3 0.4 Total staff costs 35.6 46.9 Auditor\u2019s remuneration (Note 5) 0.3 0.3 Depreciation 0.4 0.3 Lease payments 0.4 0.4 Other operating expenses 6.9 6.5 Total operating expenses 43.6 54.4 1  Including related social security costs. Operating expenses include costs incurred by JRCM in managing the Group's assets, property costs from the Group\u2019s property portfolio, as well as costs which are recharged to third parties. Further information is provided in Note 6. The figures include Directors\u2019 emoluments, details of which are shown in the Directors\u2019 Remuneration Report on pages 48 to 51. The average monthly number of employees during the year was 59 (2021: 55) of which 47 (2021: 43) were employed by JRCM and 12 (2021: 12) were employed by SHL. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfOtherOperatingExpenseExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-452": {
   "value": "4. Operating expenses \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Staff costs: Wages and salaries 13.3 23.0 Social security costs 1. 7 3.1 Share-based payment costs 1 (Note 24) 20.3 20.4 Pension costs (Note 11) 0.3 0.4 Total staff costs 35.6 46.9 Auditor\u2019s remuneration (Note 5) 0.3 0.3 Depreciation 0.4 0.3 Lease payments 0.4 0.4 Other operating expenses 6.9 6.5 Total operating expenses 43.6 54.4 1  Including related social security costs. Operating expenses include costs incurred by JRCM in managing the Group's assets, property costs from the Group\u2019s property portfolio, as well as costs which are recharged to third parties. Further information is provided in Note 6. The figures include Directors\u2019 emoluments, details of which are shown in the Directors\u2019 Remuneration Report on pages 48 to 51. The average monthly number of employees during the year was 59 (2021: 55) of which 47 (2021: 43) were employed by JRCM and 12 (2021: 12) were employed by SHL. 5. Other disclosable expenses During the year the Group obtained the following services from the Company\u2019s auditor and its associates: \u00a3 thousand 2022 2021 Fees payable to the Company\u2019s auditor and its associates for the audit of the Parent Company and consolidated financial statements 228 202 Fees payable to the Company\u2019s auditor and its associates for other services: Audit of the Company\u2019s subsidiaries 94 83 Audit-related assurance services 12 12 Total 334 297 Transaction costs The following transaction costs represent commissions paid on the purchase and sale of listed investments and are included within gains/(losses) on fair value investments: \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Purchases 1.5 1. 2 Sales 1.2 1. 2 Transaction costs 2.7 2.4 Furthermore \u00a30.02 million of professional fees (2021: \u00a30.03 million) incurred on purchases of investments are included within gains/ (losses) on fair value investments. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfInformationAboutEmployeesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-426": {
   "value": "5. Other disclosable expenses During the year the Group obtained the following services from the Company\u2019s auditor and its associates: \u00a3 thousand 2022 2021 Fees payable to the Company\u2019s auditor and its associates for the audit of the Parent Company and consolidated financial statements 228 202 Fees payable to the Company\u2019s auditor and its associates for other services: Audit of the Company\u2019s subsidiaries 94 83 Audit-related assurance services 12 12 Total 334 297 Transaction costs The following transaction costs represent commissions paid on the purchase and sale of listed investments and are included within gains/(losses) on fair value investments: \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Purchases 1.5 1. 2 Sales 1.2 1. 2 Transaction costs 2.7 2.4 Furthermore \u00a30.02 million of professional fees (2021: \u00a30.03 million) incurred on purchases of investments are included within gains/ (losses) on fair value investments. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfExpensesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-427": {
   "value": "6. Business and geographical segments For 2022 and 2021, the Group is considered to have three principal operating segments, all based in the UK, as follows: Segment Business 2022 AUM \u00a3 million 1 2022 Employees 1 2021 AUM \u00a3 million 2 2021 Employees 2 RIT Investment trust \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 JRCM Investment manager/ administration 3,722 49 4,390 46 SHL Events/premises management \u2013 13 \u2013 12 1  At 31 December 2022 2  At 31 December 2021 Key financial information for 2022 is as follows: \u00a3 million Net assets Income/ gains 1 Operating expenses 1 Profit 2 RIT 3,617.3 (511.6) (52.7) (564.3) JRCM 110.3 50.3 (38.4) 11. 9 SHL 0.9 3.7 (3.5) 0.2 Adjustments 3 (6.8) (51.0) 51.0 \u2013 Total 3,721.7 (508.6) (43.6) (552.2) Key financial information for 2021 is as follows: \u00a3 million Net assets Income/ gains 1 Operating expenses 1 Profit 2 RIT 4,277.6 931.2 (74.3) 856.9 JRCM 119.0 74.3 (49.2) 25.1 SHL 0.8 2.8 (2.9) (0.1) Adjustments 3 (7.1) (72.0) 72.0 \u2013 Total 4,390.3 936.3 (54.4) 881.9 1  Includes intra-group income and expenses. 2  Profit before finance costs and tax. 3   Consolidation adjustments in accordance with IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-428": {
   "value": "7. Finance costs \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Interest on borrowings 14.3 9.6 Interest on swaps 10.4 10.1 Other finance costs 0.3 0.3 Finance costs 25.0 20.0 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfFinanceIncomeExpenseExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-453": {
   "value": "7. Finance costs \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Interest on borrowings 14.3 9.6 Interest on swaps 10.4 10.1 Other finance costs 0.3 0.3 Finance costs 25.0 20.0 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfFinanceCostExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-429": {
   "value": "8. Taxation \u00a3 million Year ended 31 December 2022 Revenue Capital Total UK corporation tax charge/(credit) \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Current tax charge/(credit) \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Deferred tax charge/(credit) \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Taxation charge/(credit) \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u00a3 million Year ended 31 December 2021 Revenue Capital Total UK corporation tax charge/(credit) 0.2 2.5 2.7 Current tax charge/(credit) \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Deferred tax charge/(credit) 0.2 2.5 2.7 Taxation charge/(credit) 0.2 2.5 2.7 The Finance Act 2021 included an increase in the main corporation tax rate from the current 19% to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023. The tax charge for the year differs from the effective rate of corporation tax in the UK for 2022 of 19% (2021: 19%). The differences are explained as follows: \u00a3 million Year ended 31 December 2022 Revenue Capital Total Profit/(loss) before tax (14.3) (562.9) (577.2) Tax at the standard UK corporation tax rate of 19% (2.7) (107.0) (109.7) Effect of: Capital items exempt from corporation tax \u2013 102.9 102.9 Dividend income not taxable (1.2) \u2013 (1.2) Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 0.1 \u2013 0.1 Tax losses not recognised 3.8 4.8 8.6 Other items \u2013 (0.7) (0.7) Total tax charge/(credit) \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u00a3 million Year ended 31 December 2021 Revenue Capital Total Profit/(loss) before tax (17.1) 879.0 861.9 Tax at the standard UK corporation tax rate of 19% (3.2) 167.0 163.8 Effect of: Capital items exempt from corporation tax \u2013 (173.6) (173.6) Dividend income not taxable (1.1) \u2013 (1.1) Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 0.1 \u2013 0.1 Tax losses not recognised 4.3 8.3 12.6 Other items 0.1 0.8 0.9 Total tax charge/(credit) 0.2 2.5 2.7 Refer to Note 12 on page 71 for the explanation of carried forward tax losses. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfIncomeTaxExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-430": {
   "value": "9.  Earnings per ordinary share \u2013  basic and diluted The basic earnings per ordinary share for 2022 is based on the loss of \u00a3577.2 million (2021: profit of \u00a3859.2 million) and the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period of 155.5 million (2021: 156.1 million). The weighted average number of shares is adjusted for shares held in the employee benefit trust (EBT) and in treasury in accordance with IAS 33. \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Net revenue profit/(loss) (14.3) (17.3) Net capital profit/(loss) (562.9) 876.5 Total profit/(loss) for the year (577.2) 859.2 Weighted average (million) 2022 2021 Number of shares in issue 156.8 156.8 Shares held in EBT (1.0) (0.5) Shares held in treasury (0.3) (0.2) Basic shares 155.5 156.1 pence 2022 2021 Revenue earnings/(loss)  per ordinary share \u2013 basic (9.2) (11.1) Capital earnings/(loss)  per ordinary share \u2013 basic (362.1) 561.4 Total earnings per share \u2013 basic (371.3) 550.3 The diluted earnings per ordinary share for the period is based on the basic shares (above) adjusted for the effect of share-based payments awards for the period. This adjustment is not required for 2022 as an increase in shares in issue would reduce the basic loss per ordinary share. As a result, there is no difference between the basic and diluted loss per ordinary share. Weighted average (million) 2022 2021 Basic shares 155.5 156.1 Effect of share-based payment awards \u2013 1. 4 Diluted shares 155.5 157.5 pence 2022 2021 Revenue earnings/(loss)  per ordinary share \u2013 diluted (9.2) (11.0) Capital earnings/(loss)  per ordinary share \u2013 diluted (362.1) 556.5 Total earnings per ordinary share \u2013 diluted (371.3) 545.5 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfEarningsPerShareExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-431": {
   "value": "10. Property, plant and equipment The Group\u2019s property, plant and equipment as at 31 December 2022 was \u00a320.7 million (2021: \u00a323.1 million). Group \u00a3 million Cost Accumulated depreciation Revaluation Net book/fair value At 1 January 2022 1 7. 4 (5.8) 11. 5 23.1 Additions 0.1 \u2013 \u2013 0.1 Charge for depreciation \u2013 (0.4) \u2013 (0.4) Revaluation gain/(loss) \u2013 \u2013 (2.1) (2.1) Fair value at  31 December 2022 1 7. 5 (6.2) 9.4 20.7 Of which: Property \u2013 leasehold 14.2 (4.6) 9.4 19.0 Group \u00a3 million Cost Accumulated depreciation Revaluation Net book/fair value At 1 January 2021 1 7. 3 (5.4) 11. 7 23.6 Additions 0.1 \u2013 \u2013 0.1 Charge for depreciation \u2013 (0.4) \u2013 (0.4) Revaluation gain/(loss) \u2013 \u2013 (0.2) (0.2) Fair value at  31 December 2021 1 7. 4 (5.8) 11.5 23.1 Of which: Property \u2013 leasehold 14.1 (4.2) 11. 5 21.4 The Company\u2019s property, plant and equipment as at 31 December 2022 was \u00a320.6 million (2021: \u00a323.0 million). Company \u00a3 million Cost Accumulated depreciation Revaluation Net book/fair value At 1 January 2022 15.7 (4.2) 11. 5 23.0 Additions 0.1 \u2013 \u2013 0.1 Charge for depreciation \u2013 (0.4) \u2013 (0.4) Revaluation gain/(loss) \u2013 \u2013 (2.1) (2.1) Fair value at 31 December 2022 15.8 (4.6) 9.4 20.6 Of which: Property \u2013 leasehold 14.2 (4.6) 9.4 18.9 Company \u00a3 million Cost Accumulated depreciation Revaluation Net book/fair value At 1 January 2021 15.6 (3.9) 11. 7 23.4 Additions 0.1 \u2013 \u2013 0.1 Charge for depreciation \u2013 (0.3) \u2013 (0.3) Revaluation gain/(loss) \u2013 \u2013 (0.2) (0.2) Fair value at 31 December 2021 15.7 (4.2) 11.5 23.0 Of which: Property \u2013 leasehold 14.1 (4.2) 11. 5 21.4 The fair value at both year ends predominantly relates to the proportion of the leasehold interest in 27 St. James\u2019s Place occupied by the Group. The property valuations are based on Jones Lang LaSalle\u2019s (JLL) valuations at the respective year ends. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-432": {
   "value": "11. Pension commitments The Group has pension commitments in respect of its participation in the RITCP Pension and Life Assurance Scheme (the Scheme). The Scheme consists of a defined benefit plan which is closed to new members. The Scheme is administered under a Trust Deed and Rules and a corporate trustee, Law Debenture Pension Trust Corporation plc, who is independent of the Group, and was appointed in May 2019. In December 2022, the Group de-risked its retirement benefit obligations by supporting the trustees of the Scheme in completing a \u00a320 million bulk annuity insurance policy \u2018buy-in\u2019. The \u2018buy-in\u2019 secured an insurance asset that fully matches almost all the remaining pension liabilities of the Scheme, with the result that the Group no longer bears material investment, longevity, interest rate or inflation risk. The annuity policy is held in the name of the Trustees. As the Scheme was in surplus on an accounting basis at 31 December 2022, in accordance with the relevant accounting standard the impact of this transaction was to record a re- measurement loss of \u00a34.5 million before tax to other comprehensive income. There was no impact on profit before tax and no incremental funding was required. As a result of the \u2018buy-in\u2019, current cash contributions into the Scheme will cease, with the possibility of minimal further contributions. In addition, the Group will no longer record non-cash interest income on the accounting surplus. Within the next 18 months it is expected that a full \u2018buy-out\u2019 of the scheme will occur, during which individual insurance policies will be purchased for the beneficiaries of the scheme. After the \u2018buy-out\u2019 has completed, the Group will no longer have any liabilities against the Scheme. The costs associated with the Scheme, their recognition in the financial statements, the assumptions underlying the calculation of those costs and their disclosure in the consolidated income statement or SOCI are set out below. Defined benefit cost \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Net interest on defined benefit asset (0.1) (0.1) Remeasurement effects recognised in the SOCI 4.5 (1.9) Total cost/(credit) 4.4 (2.0) Recognised in the consolidated income statement \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Defined contribution schemes 0.4 0.5 Defined benefit scheme: Net interest on defined benefit liability (0.1) (0.1) Total pension cost recognised in the consolidated income statement 0.3 0.4 Recognised in the SOCI \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Defined benefit scheme: Actuarial loss due to liability experience 0.4 0.9 Actuarial (gain)/loss due to liability assumption changes (9.6) (1.7) Actuarial gain due to demographic assumption changes in defined benefit obligation (DBO) (0.1) (0.1) Return on Scheme assets greater than discount rate 13.8 (1.0) Remeasurement effects recognised in the SOCI 4.5 (1.9) Total (credit)/expense 4.8 (1.5) The Scheme\u2019s assets and liabilities are shown below together with the actuarial assumptions used. Changes in the DBO \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 DBO at end of prior year 26.7 28.0 Interest cost on the DBO 0.5 0.4 Actuarial loss - demographic experience 0.3 0.8 Actuarial gain - demographic assumptions \u2013 (0.1) Actuarial gain - financial assumptions (9.6) (1.7) Benefits paid from scheme assets (0.8) (0.7) Total DBO 1 7. 1 26.7 Changes in Scheme assets \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Opening fair value of the Scheme assets 30.5 28.6 Interest income on Scheme assets 0.6 0.5 Return on Scheme assets greater than discount rate (13.8) 1. 0 Employer contributions 1. 1 1. 1 Benefits paid (0.8) (0.7) Total Scheme assets 1 7. 6 30.5 The Company has unrestricted rights to any surplus in the Scheme upon wind-up. As such there is no irrecoverable surplus for either the current year or prior year. Development of the net balance sheet position \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Net defined benefit asset at end of prior year 3.8 0.7 Net interest on defined benefit asset at end of prior year 0.1 0.1 Remeasurement effects recognised in the SOCI (4.5) 1. 9 Employer contributions 1. 1 1. 1 Net defined benefit asset 0.5 3.8 The assumptions used to determine the measurements at the reporting dates are shown below: 2022 2021 Discount rate 4.95% 1.90% Price inflation (RPI) 3.35% 3.70% Rate of salary increase n/a n/a Pension increases for pre 6 April 1997 pension 4.00% 4.00% Pension increases for post 6 April 1997 pension 4.25% 4.30% Pension increases for deferred benefits (non Guaranteed Minimum Pension) 3.35% 3.70% Scheme participant census date 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Post retirement mortality assumption- source SAPS 1 SAPS 1 1   Self-administered Pension Scheme light series year of birth tables allowing for Continuous Mortality Investigation projections and a 1.5% per annum long-term trend. Sensitivity analysis In accordance with IAS 19 (revised), the sensitivity of the DBO to the relevant actuarial assumptions is shown below. In each case the changed assumption has been considered in isolation (i.e. all other factors remain constant). \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 DBO 1 7. 1 26.7 Significant actuarial assumptions at 31 December 2022: \u00a3 millions Assumptions used for sensitivity  analysis Sensitivity analysis Revised DBO for each sensitivity Discount rate 4.45%  0.5% point decrease 18.3 Price inflation (RPI) 3.85%  0.5% point increase 1 7. 2 Life expectancy \u2013 Increase of 1 year 1 7. 7 Significant actuarial assumptions at 31 December 2021: \u00a3 millions Assumptions used for sensitivity  analysis Sensitivity analysis Revised DBO for each sensitivity Discount rate 1.40%  0.5% point decrease 29.0 Price inflation (RPI) 4.20%  0.5% point increase 27.0 Life expectancy \u2013 Increase of 1 year 27.9 The weighted average duration of the DBO is 13 years. Further Scheme analysis is shown below. Analysis of DBO by participant category \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Deferred participants 2.2 4.5 Pensioners 14.9 22.2 DBO 1 7. 1 26.7 The fair value of Scheme assets of \u00a317.6 million is analysed in the table below (2021: \u00a330.5 million). Scheme asset breakdown Quoted securities 1 Other Total 2022 Equities securities \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Fixed income and credit \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Bulk insurance policy \u2013 96% 96% Cash and liquidity/other \u2013 4% 4% Total \u2013 100% 100% Scheme asset breakdown Quoted securities 1 Other Total 2021 Equities securities \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Fixed income and credit 99% \u2013 99% Bulk insurance policy \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Cash and liquidity/other \u2013 1% 1% Total 99% 1% 100% 1  Classed as Level 2 assets under IFRS 13 . ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfEmployeeBenefitsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-454": {
   "value": "The Group has pension commitments in respect of its participation in the RITCP Pension and Life Assurance Scheme (the Scheme). The Scheme consists of a defined benefit plan which is closed to new members. The Scheme is administered under a Trust Deed and Rules and a corporate trustee, Law Debenture Pension Trust Corporation plc, who is independent of the Group, and was appointed in May 2019. In December 2022, the Group de-risked its retirement benefit obligations by supporting the trustees of the Scheme in completing a \u00a320 million bulk annuity insurance policy \u2018buy-in\u2019. The \u2018buy-in\u2019 secured an insurance asset that fully matches almost all the remaining pension liabilities of the Scheme, with the result that the Group no longer bears material investment, longevity, interest rate or inflation risk. The annuity policy is held in the name of the Trustees. As the Scheme was in surplus on an accounting basis at 31 December 2022, in accordance with the relevant accounting standard the impact of this transaction was to record a re- measurement loss of \u00a34.5 million before tax to other comprehensive income. There was no impact on profit before tax and no incremental funding was required. As a result of the \u2018buy-in\u2019, current cash contributions into the Scheme will cease, with the possibility of minimal further contributions. In addition, the Group will no longer record non-cash interest income on the accounting surplus. Within the next 18 months it is expected that a full \u2018buy-out\u2019 of the scheme will occur, during which individual insurance policies will be purchased for the beneficiaries of the scheme. After the \u2018buy-out\u2019 has completed, the Group will no longer have any liabilities against the Scheme. The costs associated with the Scheme, their recognition in the financial statements, the assumptions underlying the calculation of those costs and their disclosure in the consolidated income statement or SOCI are set out below. Defined benefit cost \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Net interest on defined benefit asset (0.1) (0.1) Remeasurement effects recognised in the SOCI 4.5 (1.9) Total cost/(credit) 4.4 (2.0) Recognised in the consolidated income statement \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Defined contribution schemes 0.4 0.5 Defined benefit scheme: Net interest on defined benefit liability (0.1) (0.1) Total pension cost recognised in the consolidated income statement 0.3 0.4 Recognised in the SOCI \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Defined benefit scheme: Actuarial loss due to liability experience 0.4 0.9 Actuarial (gain)/loss due to liability assumption changes (9.6) (1.7) Actuarial gain due to demographic assumption changes in defined benefit obligation (DBO) (0.1) (0.1) Return on Scheme assets greater than discount rate 13.8 (1.0) Remeasurement effects recognised in the SOCI 4.5 (1.9) Total (credit)/expense 4.8 (1.5) The Scheme\u2019s assets and liabilities are shown below together with the actuarial assumptions used. Changes in the DBO \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 DBO at end of prior year 26.7 28.0 Interest cost on the DBO 0.5 0.4 Actuarial loss - demographic experience 0.3 0.8 Actuarial gain - demographic assumptions \u2013 (0.1) Actuarial gain - financial assumptions (9.6) (1.7) Benefits paid from scheme assets (0.8) (0.7) Total DBO 1 7. 1 26.7 Changes in Scheme assets \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Opening fair value of the Scheme assets 30.5 28.6 Interest income on Scheme assets 0.6 0.5 Return on Scheme assets greater than discount rate (13.8) 1. 0 Employer contributions 1. 1 1. 1 Benefits paid (0.8) (0.7) Total Scheme assets 1 7. 6 30.5 The Company has unrestricted rights to any surplus in the Scheme upon wind-up. As such there is no irrecoverable surplus for either the current year or prior year. Development of the net balance sheet position \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Net defined benefit asset at end of prior year 3.8 0.7 Net interest on defined benefit asset at end of prior year 0.1 0.1 Remeasurement effects recognised in the SOCI (4.5) 1. 9 Employer contributions 1. 1 1. 1 Net defined benefit asset 0.5 3.8 The assumptions used to determine the measurements at the reporting dates are shown below: 2022 2021 Discount rate 4.95% 1.90% Price inflation (RPI) 3.35% 3.70% Rate of salary increase n/a n/a Pension increases for pre 6 April 1997 pension 4.00% 4.00% Pension increases for post 6 April 1997 pension 4.25% 4.30% Pension increases for deferred benefits (non Guaranteed Minimum Pension) 3.35% 3.70% Scheme participant census date 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Post retirement mortality assumption- source SAPS 1 SAPS 1 1   Self-administered Pension Scheme light series year of birth tables allowing for Continuous Mortality Investigation projections and a 1.5% per annum long-term trend. Sensitivity analysis In accordance with IAS 19 (revised), the sensitivity of the DBO to the relevant actuarial assumptions is shown below. In each case the changed assumption has been considered in isolation (i.e. all other factors remain constant). \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 DBO 1 7. 1 26.7 Significant actuarial assumptions at 31 December 2022: \u00a3 millions Assumptions used for sensitivity  analysis Sensitivity analysis Revised DBO for each sensitivity Discount rate 4.45%  0.5% point decrease 18.3 Price inflation (RPI) 3.85%  0.5% point increase 1 7. 2 Life expectancy \u2013 Increase of 1 year 1 7. 7 Significant actuarial assumptions at 31 December 2021: \u00a3 millions Assumptions used for sensitivity  analysis Sensitivity analysis Revised DBO for each sensitivity Discount rate 1.40%  0.5% point decrease 29.0 Price inflation (RPI) 4.20%  0.5% point increase 27.0 Life expectancy \u2013 Increase of 1 year 27.9 The weighted average duration of the DBO is 13 years. Further Scheme analysis is shown below. Analysis of DBO by participant category \u00a3 millions 2022 2021 Deferred participants 2.2 4.5 Pensioners 14.9 22.2 DBO 1 7. 1 26.7 The fair value of Scheme assets of \u00a317.6 million is analysed in the table below (2021: \u00a330.5 million). Scheme asset breakdown Quoted securities 1 Other Total 2022 Equities securities \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Fixed income and credit \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Bulk insurance policy \u2013 96% 96% Cash and liquidity/other \u2013 4% 4% Total \u2013 100% 100% Scheme asset breakdown Quoted securities 1 Other Total 2021 Equities securities \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Fixed income and credit 99% \u2013 99% Bulk insurance policy \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Cash and liquidity/other \u2013 1% 1% Total 99% 1% 100% 1  Classed as Level 2 assets under IFRS 13 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfDefinedBenefitPlansExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-433": {
   "value": "12. Deferred tax The gross movement on deferred tax during the year is shown below: \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Balance at start of year (1.3) 2.5 (Debit)/credit to consolidated income statement \u2013 (2.7) (Debit)/credit to SOCI 1. 1 (1.1) Balance at end of year (0.2) (1.3) The deferred tax asset/(liability) is analysed below: \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Retirement benefit asset (0.2) (1.3) Balance at end of year (0.2) (1.3) The Group had carried forward tax losses of \u00a3453 million at 31 December 2022 (2021: \u00a3412 million) that have not been recognised as a deferred tax asset, as it is considered unlikely that the unrecognised asset will be utilised in the foreseeable future. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfDeferredTaxesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-434": {
   "value": "<div class=\"t m0 h6 ff35 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:686.3741px;\">13. Financial ins<span class=\"_ _1\"/>tr<span class=\"_ _0\"/>umen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:665.354px;\">As an in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, financial instruments mak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e up the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:651.70917px;\">vast majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities and generate </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:638.0644px;\">its performance.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:617.9612px;\">Financial instruments comprise securities, derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es and other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:604.3164px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, cash, short-term receivables and pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables, and short </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:590.6716px;\">and long-term borrowings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:570.5684px;\">The nature and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>extent <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the financial instruments outstanding can </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:556.9236px;\">be seen on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ace of the balance sheet and the risk management </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:543.2788px;\">policies emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yed b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group and Company are set out belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls39 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:523.1756px;\">The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s policy for determining the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls39 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:509.53076px;\">(including private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments) is set <span class=\"_ _1\"/>out on pages 6<span class=\"ls1\">4</span> and 6<span class=\"ls1\">5<span class=\"_ _1\"/><span class=\"ls39\">. In relation </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls39 ws7\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:495.886px;\">to receivables, pa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yables and short-term borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings, the carrying amount </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls39 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:482.2412px;\">is view<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed as being a reasonable approximation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3a fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:456.886px;\">13.1 Financial r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk management<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:443.2412px;\">The main risks arising from the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial instruments are </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:429.59637px;\">market risk (including price risk, interest rate risk and currency risk), </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:415.9516px;\">credit risk and liquidity risk. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he day-to-da<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y identification, mitigation </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:402.30676px;\">and monitoring of these risks is undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en by the Manager under </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:388.662px;\">the authority of the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard and the A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>udit and Risk Committee, and is </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:375.0172px;\">described in more detail below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:354.914px;\">The <span class=\"_ _1\"/>objectives, policies and processes f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or managing risks have not </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:341.2692px;\">changed since the previous accounting <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The risk management </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:327.6244px;\">processes of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y are aligned with those of the Group </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:313.97958px;\">as a whole and it is at the Group lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el that the majority of the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:300.33478px;\">risk management procedures are performed. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>Where relevant and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:286.69px;\">materially diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent from the Group position, Company-specific risk </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:273.0452px;\">exposures are <span class=\"_ _1\"/>explained alongside those <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3a fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:248.6156px;\">13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.1 Mar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>k<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:234.9708px;\">The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a financial instrument or </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:221.32599px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment property held by the Group ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y fluctuate as a result </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:207.68118px;\">of changes in market prices. Mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk can be summarised as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:194.03638px;\">comprising three types of risk:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3b fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:173.018px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Price risk</div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:159.3732px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:145.7284px;\">instruments and in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties will fluctuate because of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:132.08359px;\">changes in market prices (other than those arising from interest </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:118.43878px;\">rate risk or currency risk).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3b fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:101.10199px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Interest rate risk</div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:87.457184px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:73.81239px;\">instruments and in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties will fluctuate because of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:60.167587px;\">changes in interest rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3b fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:42.830795px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Currency risk</div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:29.18599px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:15.541183px;\">instruments will fluctuate because <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in foreign </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff39 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:15.477478px; bottom:1.8963928px;\">ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to, sensitivity to and management of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each of these risks are described in further detail below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Management of mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk is fundamental to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio is continually monitored to target an appropriate balance of risk and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Manager ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y seek to reduce or increase the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s exposure to stock mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets, interest rates and currencies by utilising derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es such as index futures, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>options, swaps and currency forw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard contracts. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments are used for the purpose <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of hedging some or all <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xisting exposure within the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio to those currencies or particular mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets, as well as to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>enable increased exposure when deemed appropriate. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ith respect to equity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, foreign ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change and interest rate options, the notional <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure presented in this note is adjusted to reflect the estimated sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the option to mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in the underlying security<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.2 Pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ice r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price risk ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the value of the quoted, priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate and other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held by the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has a widely div<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersified inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment portfolio which significantly reduces the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to individual asset price risk. The perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance of third-party in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment managers is regularly revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed and assessed to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensure compliance with their mandates and that their performance is compatible with the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment objective.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to price risk is monitored and managed by analysing the le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vels <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of direct exposure from quoted <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity price risk and the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from other price risk. The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to quoted equity price risk (also described as net quoted equity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure) can be assumed to be <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equivalent to the quoted equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment portfolio adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Notional e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from quoted equity deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Estimated cash balances held by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external managers; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Estimated net equity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure from hedge fund managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other price risk e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure relates to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, absolute return and credit, and real assets, adjusted for the notional e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from commodity and credit derivatives.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposure to quoted equity price risk1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1,361<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1,755.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposure to other price risk<span class=\"_ _194\"> </span>2,394.5<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>2,669.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal exposure to pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ice r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _1b2\"> </span>3,755.6<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>4,424.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Quoted equity price risk represented 37% of <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-end net assets (2021: 40%).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit with regards to changes in market prices is illustrated belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>This is estimated using an assumed 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% increase in general market prices with all other variables held constant. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% decrease is assumed to produce an equal and opposite effect.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis takes account <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the relevant deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative transactions the Group has entered into including those designed to provide a hedge against such mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Quoted equity<span class=\"_ _85\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _c1\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>77<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other<span class=\"_ _108\"> </span>239.4<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>266.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b0\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.8<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>444.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group is <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposed to mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk in respect to the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties are v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued by JLL using a market v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation approach and as such, the valuation will be influenced by trends <span class=\"_ _1\"/>experienced in the property mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et and also the wider economic <span class=\"_ _1\"/>environment. In particular<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the valuation will be dependent on rental income <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yields, demand and supply for office space in London and comparable transactions completed in the marketplace. Fluctuations in an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the inputs used b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the valuers to value the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y increase or decrease the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the properties. 13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.3 Inter<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est rat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group finances its <span class=\"_ _1\"/>operations mainly through its share capital and reserves, including realised gains <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments. In addition, financing has been obtained through bank borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings and fixed rate loan notes. Changes in interest rates hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e a direct or indirect impact on the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue or future cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing financial assets and liabilities:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Gilts and other go<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vernment securities;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Money mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et funds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Credit funds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Cash and cash equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alents;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Group borrowings; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Certain derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e contracts.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Changes in interest rates indirectly aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments including those in quoted equity securities, private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments or property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest rate risk is managed by taking into account the possible eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and cash flows that could arise as a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in interest rates when making decisions on in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments and borrowings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposure of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial assets and liabilities to floating interest rates (giving cash flow interest rate risk when rates are reset) and fixed interest rates (giving f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value risk), is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Floating rate<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed rate<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash<span class=\"_ _3e\"> </span>218.0<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1b3\"> </span>(236.2)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(18.2)<span class=\"_ _130\"> </span>(93.7)<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/><span class=\"ls56 ws7b\">11<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Floating rate<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed rate<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash<span class=\"_ _3e\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1b3\"> </span>(240.0)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>85.9<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>(139.2)<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>(53.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>In addition, the Group holds \u00a3746.8 million (2021: \u00a3777<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.4 million) inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ested in absolute return and credit, of which \u00a3443.7 million (2021: \u00a331<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.5 million) is in funds that predominantly inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est in credit instruments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vide indirect exposure to interest rate risk.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>In addition, the Group holds \u00a3nil million (2021: \u00a397<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.3 million) notional exposure to interest rate deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposures vary throughout the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year as a consequence of changes in the composition of the net assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group arising out of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment, borrowing and risk management processes.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments include direct and indirect (via <span class=\"_ _1\"/>externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>managed funds) inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment securities, money markets, as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as quoted and unquoted debt securities issued by companies.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest received <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on cash and cash equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alents is at prevailing mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has total borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings with a fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of \u00a3370.6 million outstanding at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end (2021: \u00a3408.9 million). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olving credit facility comprising \u00a3236.2 million <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this total incurs floating interest payments (2021: \u00a3240.0 million). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The loan notes with a fair value of \u00a3<span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4 million (par value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million) have fix<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed interest </span>payments (2021: f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9 million; par v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million). F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther details are provided in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest rate risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ximate sensitivity of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit in regard to changes in interest rates is illustrated below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>This is based on an assumed 50 basis point annualised increase in prev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailing interest rates at the balance sheet date applied to the floating rate and fixed rate assets and liabilities and the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing assumptions:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the fair values <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of all other assets and liabilities are not aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ected by a change in interest rates;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022  <span class=\"_ _1b4\"/><span class=\"ws0\"> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>funds will be reinvested in similar interest-bearing securities <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on </span>maturity; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>all other variables are held constant.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A 50 basis point decrease is assumed to produce an equal and opposite impact.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b5\"> </span>6.1<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>4.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has direct <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of interest rate changes on the valuation and cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws of its interest-bearing assets and liabilities. How<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, it ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y also be indirectly affected b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the impact of interest rate changes on the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings of certain companies in which the Group inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ests, and the impact on v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations that use interest rates as an input, including valuation models f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. Theref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore, the sensitivity analysis ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y not reflect the full eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect on the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4 Cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rency r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Consistent with its Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olicy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the Group invests in financial instruments and transactions denominated in currencies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other than sterling. As such, the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s profit and net assets could be significantly aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ected by currency mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency risk is managed by the Group b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y entering into cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rency options or f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward currency contracts as a means <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of limiting or increasing its e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to particular currencies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese contracts are used for the purpose <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of hedging part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>existing currency exposure <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s portfolio (as a means of reducing risk) <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or to enable increased e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure when this is deemed appropriate by the Manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign currency exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Net exposure<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>% of NAV<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Net exposure<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>% of NAV<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>US dollar<span class=\"_ _1b6\"> </span>32.5<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>26.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Japanese y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en<span class=\"_ _1b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">4.2<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Euro<span class=\"_ _1b8\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _58\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Other non-sterling<span class=\"_ _79\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>47<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>31.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Amounts in the abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e table are based on the carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of all foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities and the underlying notional amounts of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward currency contracts. It does not tak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e into account any estimates of \u2018look-through<span class=\"_ _2\"/>\u2019 exposure from our fund in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit in regard to changes in ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y currencies is illustrated below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>This is based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on an assumed 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% strengt<span class=\"_ _0\"/>hening <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of sterling relative to the foreign currencies as at 31 December 2022, and assumes all other v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ariables are held constant. A 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% weak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ening is assumed to produce an equal and opposite eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis is based on the net f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign currency assets held at the balance sheet dates and takes account <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of currency forw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards and options that adjust the eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in currency ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>US dollar<span class=\"_ _f2\"> </span>(120.8)<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>(97<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Japanese y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en<span class=\"_ _a7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.6)<span class=\"_ _12e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Euro<span class=\"_ _184\"> </span>(27<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.8)<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>(6.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-sterling<span class=\"_ _82\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _26\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b9\"> </span>(175.4)<span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.5 Cr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>edit risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument held by the Group will f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ail to discharge an obligation or commitment that it has entered into with the Group, which could result in a loss to the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>This risk is not considered significant and is managed as f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the vast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s listed transactions are settled on a delivery v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersus payment basis and are held directly b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the custodian in fully segregated client accounts;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>use of a range of brok<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers and counterparties with their credit quality monitored regularly;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash balances are predominantly held with our custodian, whose credit worthiness is regularly monitored;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash margin is held by a range of appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ved counterparties, with both margin balances and counterparties<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 creditworthiness monitored regularly; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>careful selection of a diversified portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio of credit managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure could arise in respect of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative contracts entered into by the Group if a counterparty w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as unable to fulfil its contractual obligations.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to certain debt instruments acquired as part of its priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he credit risk associated with these instruments is managed as part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erall inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment risk in the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant portfolio companies and is not considered separately<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s maximum credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is limited to the carrying amount of financial assets recognised at the reporting date, as summarised below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit risk exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1ba\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash margin<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other receivables<span class=\"_ _c0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>59.9<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>75.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _18d\"> </span>562.3<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>654.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Debt securities held within portfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments include a private loan note issued by LionT<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ree <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Advisory Holdings LLC.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Represents the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of assets held by counterparties.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The credit quality <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of certain financial assets that are not past due, where the risk of loss is primarily that a counterparty f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ails to meet an obligation, can be assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external credit ratings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Manager has a re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>view process in place that includes an ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of a potential counterparty\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s ability to service and repay its debt. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his is considered on a regular basis. Cash margins and other receivables comprise mainly balances with counterparties which are inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment grade financial institutions with a short-term credit rating by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>S&amp;P of A-2 or <span class=\"_ _0\"/>higher (2021: A-2).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BNP is the custodian and depositary to the Company under the Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Managers Directiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e (AIFMD). Under the UK equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alent regulations, the Company is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (AIF) and JRCM is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Manager (AIFM). A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s custodian, substantially all of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s directly-held listed portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments and cash at bank are held by BNP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. Bankruptcy or insolv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ency of the custodian ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y cause the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s rights with respect to securities held by the custodian to be delay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed; how<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ever<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the custodian<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s local long-term rating from S&amp;P was <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A+ in the most recent rating prior to 31 December 2022 (2021: A+).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As depositary under <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIFMD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, the main obligation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of BNP is the saf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eguarding of those custodied assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on behalf of the RIT shareholder<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The depositary is liable for the loss <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments held in custody<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, other than under limited circumstances. As a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this obligation, the depositary maintains o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>versight <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of all transactions undertaken b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the AIFM (JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM) on behalf of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIF (RIT). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his includes reviewing all cash mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements, receiving copies of internal sign\u2010off documentation and ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y legal agreements, and ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersight and revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w of ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y procedures and controls.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.6 Liquidity r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e difficulty in meeting its obligations in respect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial liabilities as they fall due.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liquidity balances and committed but undrawn borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings, the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment portfolio includes a substantial amount of assets which w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould be e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected to be realised within a relatively short time frame, depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on market conditions. This might include stocks (unless held via a co-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment fund or subject to a lock-up), gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds and derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es. Other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments can be realised o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver varying timeframes depending on the nature of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment and/or the legal terms go<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verning disposal. Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternally-managed equity and hedge funds hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e redemption periods which typically range from daily to quarterly and longer<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, depend<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ing in part <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the underlying nature of the portfolio holdings. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>There is also a risk in stress situations of the funds imposing additional restrictions or \u2018gates<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on redemptions (as happened in particular to hedge funds during the global financial crisis). Direct private and priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are inherently less liquid, and while there is a secondary market, participants will <span class=\"_ _1\"/>often experience discounts to f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, in particular at times <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of stress.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM manages the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liquid resources in line with a liquidity risk framew<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ork o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verseen by the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his establishes a minimum lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el of liquidity a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailable to meet e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected contractual commitments, including ongoing costs, margin calls and capital calls (from funds with a commitment/draw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>down struct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ure  <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- see Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4). The Manager monitors the le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of short-term funding<span class=\"_ _0\"/>, and balances the need for access to short-term funding, with the long-term funding needs of the Group. The Group has three re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volving credit f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acilities with a total capacity of \u00a3335 million (of which \u00a390 million was committed and undra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/><span class=\"ws3\">y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end<span class=\"ws0\">) and \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51 million of long-term loan notes (details <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </span></span>which are disclosed in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The remaining contractual mat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urities of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial liabilities at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end, based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the earliest date <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which payment could be required are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 months or less<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 months<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span><span class=\"ws83\">&gt;1 year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Current liabilities:  Bank <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>loan/overdraft<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">236.2<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>236.2</span>  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _e0\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>3.4<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-current liabilities:  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _86\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.0  Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>89.3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>94.9</span>  Lease <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>liability<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>6.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>243.2<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>95.2<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>447<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>63.5<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span></span>65.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>306.7<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>197<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>513.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 months or less<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 months<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span><span class=\"ws83\">&gt;1 year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Current liabilities:  Bank <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>loan/overdraft<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">240.0<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>240.0</span>  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _e0\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>9<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>0.3<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>8.2 <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>Purchase f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future settlement<span class=\"_ _1bf\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-current liabilities:  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _86\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9  Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.2<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>94.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>99.8</span>  Lease <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>liability<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>4.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _24\"> </span>347<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>555.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.8<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span></span>169.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>516.6<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>202.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>724.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition, the Company has contingent liabilities in the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orm of commitments amounting to \u00a3385 million (2021: \u00a3360.2 million) as set out in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.2 Collater<span class=\"_ _1\"/>al<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Collateral in the form <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of cash margin is posted by the Group in relation to certain derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e transactions, transacted under the auspices of the International <span class=\"_ _1\"/>S<span class=\"_ _1\"/>waps and Deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Association. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Group does not hold collateral from other counterparties.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Set out belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w is the amount of financial assets pledged as collateral at <span class=\"_ _0\"/>the year <span class=\"_ _0\"/>end.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1ba\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash margin <span class=\"_ _c7\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _56\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.3 Der<span class=\"_ _1\"/>iv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative financial instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group typically uses the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing types <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of derivative instruments in the portfolio:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>futures and forward contracts relating to mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et indices, foreign currencies and gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>options relating to foreign currencies, market indices, stocks and interest rates; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>swaps relating to interest rates, bonds, credit spreads, equity indices and stocks.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As <span class=\"_ _1\"/>explained abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e, the Manager uses derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es to hedge various exposures and also selectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ely to increase or decrease <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure where desired. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he notional amount of certain types of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives provides a basis f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or comparison with instruments recognised on the balance sheet, but does not necessarily indicate the amount of future cash flows in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed or the current f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative instruments become f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ourable (assets) or unfa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vourable (liabilities) as a result of fluct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uations in indices, security prices, market interest rates <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange rates rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant to the terms of the deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative instrument. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The aggregate contractual or notional amount of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative financial instruments held, the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>extent to which instruments are f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>avourable <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or unfa<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vourable and thus the aggregate fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alues of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative financial assets and liabilities can fluctuate significantly from time to time.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Details of the unsettled deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2022 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group and Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Notional<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>amount<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(positive fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liabilities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(negative<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Commodity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>69.1<span class=\"_ _1c0\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _23\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.1<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>49.6<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>(7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>42.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _157\"> </span>253.2<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>2.3<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>(3.4)<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed income deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1c1\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>47<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2021 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Group and Company<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Notional<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>amount<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(positive fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liabilities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(negative<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Commodity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _122\"> </span>132.8<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _91\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>78.4<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(3.3)<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>(2.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _1a3\"> </span>2,364.4<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>28.6<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>(7<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6)<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equity derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>53.0<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.5<span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>3.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed income deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span>81<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _b5\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>24.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Long and short notional exposure has been netted.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.4 IFRS 13 f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue measurement classification<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3 requires the Group to classify its financial instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments held at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue using a hierarchy that reflects the significance <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inputs used in the valuation methodologies. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>These are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets for identical assets or liabilities;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 1 that are observ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able for the asset <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or liability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed from prices); and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3: Inputs for the asset <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or liability that are not based on observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data (i.e. unobservable inputs).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial assets and liabilities, inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties and property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment are measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue on a recurring basis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s policy is to recognise transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers into and transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers out <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vels at the end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the reporting <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year when they are deemed to occur<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A description of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation techniques used by the Group with regards to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments categorised in each le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value hierarchy is detailed belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>Where the Group invests in a fund <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or a partnership, which is not itself listed on an activ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e market, the categorisation of such in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een levels 2 and 3 is determined by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to the nature <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the fund or partnership\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s underlying inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments. If such inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are categorised across diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>els, the lowest le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the hierarchy that f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orms a significant proportion of the fund <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is used to determine the reporting disclosure.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>If the proportion of the underlying in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments categorised betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>els changes during the period, these will be reclassified to the most appropriate lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments traded in active mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets is based on quoted mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et prices at the balance sheet date. A mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et is regarded as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailable from an e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xchange, dealer<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, broker<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, industry group, pricing service, or regulatory agency<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, and those prices represent actual and regularly occurring mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et transactions on an arm\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s length basis. The quoted mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et price used for financial assets held b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group is the current bid price or the last traded price, depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ention of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment is quoted. Where a market price is a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailable but the mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et is not considered active, the Group has classified these in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments as le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 2.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y using valuation techniques which maximise the use of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data where it is available. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Specific valuation techniques used to v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue O<span class=\"_ _1\"/>TC derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es include quoted market prices f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or similar instruments, counterparty quotes and the use of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange rates to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimate the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change contracts at the balance sheet date. Investments in externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-managed funds which themselves in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vest primarily in listed securities are valued at the price <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or net asset value released b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment manager or fund administrator as at the balance sheet date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group considers all priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, whether direct or funds, (as described in the Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on page <span class=\"ls4c ws69\">18<span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>) as lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3 assets, as the valuations <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets are not typically based on observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where other funds in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vest into illiquid stocks, these are also considered by the Group to be le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 3 assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are held at the most recent fair values provided b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the GPs managing those funds, adjusted for subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions, and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements up to the period end, and are subject to periodic revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w by the Manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. Direct co-inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are also held at the most recent fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alues provided by the GPs managing those co-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments, adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions, currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, as well as pricing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents where the Manager has sufficient information to suggest the period end valuation should be adjusted. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The remaining directly-held priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are valued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a semi-annual basis using techniques including a market approach, income approach and/or cost approach. The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation process inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olves the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment functions of the Manager who prepare the proposed valuations, which are then subject to revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w by the finance function, with the final valuations being presented to the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>aluation Committee, comprised of independent non-ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ecutive Directors, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of which the A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>udit and Risk Committee Chair is also a member<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span><span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Specific valuation techniques used will typically include the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of recent transactions, earnings multiples, discounted cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w analysis, and, where appropriate, industry specific methodologies. The acquisition cost, if determined to be f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y be used to calibrate inputs to the valuation. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The valuations will often reflect a synthesis of a number <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of distinct approaches in determining the final fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue estimate. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The individual approach for each in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment will vary depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant factors that a market participant would tak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e into account in pricing the asset. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These might include the specific industry dynamics, the company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s stage of de<span class=\"_ _1\"/>velopment, profitability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, gro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wth prospects or risk as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as the rights associated with the particular security<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings at 31 December 2022 comprise bank loans and senior loan notes. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he bank loans are revolving credit f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acilities paying floating interest, and are typically drawn in tranches with a duration of three or six months. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The loans are therefore short-term in nature, and their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue approximates their nominal v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The loan notes were issued in 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 with tenors of betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0 and 20 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years with a weighted a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verage <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hey are valued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a monthly basis using a discounted cash flow model where the discount rate is derived from the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yield of similar tenor UK Gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds, adjusted for an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y significant changes in either credit spreads <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the perceived credit risk <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of investments in non-consolidated subsidiaries is considered to be the net asset value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the individual subsidiary as at the balance sheet date. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he net asset value comprises various assets and liabilities which are fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued on a recurring basis and is considered to be lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3. On a semi-annual basis, the Group engages <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external, independent and qualified valuers to determine the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties and property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment held at fair value. F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>urt<span class=\"_ _0\"/>her inf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormation is shown in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities within the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, at 31 December 2022:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span><span class=\"ls54 ws78\">Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>Level 2<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial assets at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue through profit or loss (FVPL): <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>506.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,204.2<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,77<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,485.2 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Non-consolidated subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>101<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>506.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,204.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,586.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>51<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial assets at FVPL<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>513.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,256.1<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,644.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-financial assets measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _1c3\"> </span>  <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Investment property<span class=\"_ _29\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal non-financial assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial liabilities at FVPL: Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(370.6)</span> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Derivative financial instruments<span class=\"_ _6a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial liabilities at FVPL<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _141\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>(381<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal net assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _1c4\"> </span>513.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,245.7<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,563.3<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3,322.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current assets<span class=\"_ _1c5\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _1c6\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current assets<span class=\"_ _101\"> </span>249.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current liabilities<span class=\"_ _1c7\"> </span>(63.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current liabilities<span class=\"_ _d6\"> </span>(5.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net assets<span class=\"_ _2a\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2022 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>Properties<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Opening balance<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>61<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>1,975.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Purchases<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>222.2<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>222.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sales<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3)<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Realised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>8.7<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>8.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _1c8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(59.7)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(60.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through other comprehensive income<span class=\"_ _31\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in to lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3<span class=\"_ _90\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er out of level 3<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other<span class=\"_ _57\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Closing balance<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>1,933.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>During the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear no inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments were reclassified betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 2 and lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information in relation to the directly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-held private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments is set out in the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>This summarises the portfolio by the primary method used in fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluing the asset. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s we seek to emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y a range of v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation methods and inputs in the valuation process, selection of a primary method is subjectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e, and designed primarily to assist the subsequent sensitivity analysis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Primary v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation method/approach  \u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _fb\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Third-party v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>246.3<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>361<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to recent transaction2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>90.5<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Earnings multiple<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>49.8<span class=\"_ _63\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Recent transaction<span class=\"_ _aa\"> </span>23.6<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>140.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other industry metrics<span class=\"_ _8c\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _136\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to agreed third-pa<span class=\"ws74\">rty off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _2b\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.8<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1c9\"> </span>442.7<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>513.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Included in this method are directly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-held private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held within </span>the non-consolidated subsidiaries with a total of \u00a324.5 million (2021: \u00a329.7 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Included in this method are direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate investments which ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve been </span>discounted due to a decline in public markets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the direct private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments are structured as co-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, managed by a GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. For these inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, we typically use the latest quarterly fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations provided b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the GP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, adjusted for an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments/distributions and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es as well as pricing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents, where there is sufficient information to suggest the period-end valuation should be adjusted.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Where the Manager has sufficient information to undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e its o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn valuation, a range <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of methods will typically be used. For companies with positive <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings, we seek to utilise an earnings multiple approach, typically using EBITD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A or similar<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he earnings multiple is assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to similar listed companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or transactions inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olving similar companies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>When an asset is undergoing a sale and the price has been agreed but not <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et completed or an <span class=\"_ _1\"/>off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er has been submitted, we use the agreed <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ered price, often with a final discount to reflect the risks associated with the transaction completing or an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y price adjustments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where a company has been the subject of a recent financing round which is vie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed as representative <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue, we will use this transaction price. Other methods emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yed include discounted cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w analysis and industry metrics such as multiples of assets under management <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue, where market participants use these approaches in pricing assets. The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vides a sensitivity analysis of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of directly-held priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, and the impact on net assets:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation method/approach<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>Sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Third-party v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.3 million or 0.33% (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.1 million, 0.41%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to recent transaction<span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Assets in this category are v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using a discount applied to a recent financing round or secondary transaction. Discounts range between 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5% and 70%, reflecting factors such as the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>elapsed time since the transaction and the mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ement in prices of broadly similar listed companies. A 5% change to the discount would result in a \u00a3<span class=\"ws74\">4.5 million or </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2% (2021: n/a) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Earnings multiple<span class=\"_ _11a\"> </span><span class=\"ls5b\">Assets in this category are valued using EV/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>sales multiples in the range of 4.0x <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- 8.5x. If the multiple used for v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation purposes<span class=\"_ _0\"/> is increased or decreased b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y 5% then the<span class=\"_ _0\"/> net assets would increase/decrease b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y \u00a32.5<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> <span class=\"ls5b\">million <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 0.07% (2021: n/a).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Recent transaction<span class=\"_ _14f\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.2 million or 0.03% (2021: \u00a37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0 million, 0.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other industry metrics<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1 million or 0.03% (2021: \u00a30.6 million, 0.0<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to agreed third-party off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The asset in this category is v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using a 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5% discount to an agreed off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. A 5% change in the discount would result in a \u00a30.1<span class=\"ws74\"> million or <span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>&lt;0.0<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1% (2021: n/a) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment property and property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment with an aggregate fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of \u00a358.6 million (2021: \u00a361<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4 million) were valued using a third-party valuation pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vided by JLL. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The properties were valued using w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage capital values of \u00a31,580 per square foot (2021: \u00a31,658) de<span class=\"_ _1\"/>veloped from rental <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yields and supported by market transactions. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A \u00a325 per square foot increase/decrease in capital values w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould result in a \u00a30.8 million increase/decrease in fair value (2021: \u00a30.8 million increase/decrease).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The non-consolidated subsidiaries are held at their f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a3<span class=\"ls2 ws2\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">1 million (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4 million) representing \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04.7 million </span></span>of portfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04.3 million) and \u00a33.3<span class=\"ws3\"> <span class=\"_ _0\"/>million of </span>remaining liabilities (2021: \u00a32.9 million of remaining liabilities<span class=\"ws4\">). A 5% </span>change in the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets would result in \u00a35.1<span class=\"ws3\"> million or </span>0.1% (2021: \u00a35.1 million, 0.1%) change in total net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The remaining in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and classified as lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span><span class=\"ws88\">3 of </span>\u00a31,355.7<span class=\"ws0\"> million (2021: \u00a31,329.2 million) were v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using third-party </span>valuations from a GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>, administrator or fund manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"ls1\"> </span><span class=\"ws4b\">5%</span><span class=\"ls1\"> </span><span class=\"ws4b\">change </span>in the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets would result in a <span class=\"ws4b\">\u00a367<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.8<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span><span class=\"ws3\">million or </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.82%<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span></span>(2021: \u00a366.5 million, 1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.51%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In aggregate, the sum of the direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, investment property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and equipment, non-consolidated subsidiaries and the remaining fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments represents the total lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3 assets of \u00a31,933.9 million (2021: \u00a31,975.7 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities within the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, at 31 December 2021:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span><span class=\"ls54 ws78\">Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>Level 2<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial assets at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue through profit or loss (FVPL): <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>579.6<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>1,797<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.0<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>4,1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>90.5 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Non-consolidated subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/>3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>101<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>579.6<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>1,797<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,91<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>4,291<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>32.7<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial assets at FVPL<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>582.5<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,830.6<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>4,327<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-financial assets measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _1c3\"> </span>  <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Investment property<span class=\"_ _29\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>38.3<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>38.3 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>23.1<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>23.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal non-financial assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>61.4<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>61<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial liabilities at FVPL: Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(408.9)</span> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Derivative financial instruments<span class=\"_ _6a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial liabilities at FVPL<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1.1)<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>(420.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal net assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _1c4\"> </span>582.5<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.5<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,566.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3,968.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current assets<span class=\"_ _1c5\"> </span>3.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _1ca\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current assets<span class=\"_ _101\"> </span>266.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current liabilities<span class=\"_ _108\"> </span>(168.8)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current liabilities<span class=\"_ _d6\"> </span>(5.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net assets<span class=\"_ _1cb\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2021 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>Properties<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Opening balance<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>1,232.1<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span> 61<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4 <span class=\"_ _51\"> </span> 1,293.5 Purchases<span class=\"_ _1cc\"> </span>857<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span> 0.1 <span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>857<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sales<span class=\"_ _5f\"> </span>(882.1)<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _78\"> </span>(882.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Realised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _85\"> </span> 37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5 <span class=\"_ _122\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span></span> 37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _1cd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">767<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span> 0.6<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>768.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through other comprehensive income<span class=\"_ _2c\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _138\"> </span></span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in to lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3<span class=\"_ _1ce\"> </span>40.9<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>40.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er out of level 3<span class=\"_ _33\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\"> (1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>39.2)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _10d\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _141\"> </span></span> (1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>39.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other<span class=\"_ _17c\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span></span> (0.5)<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span> (0.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Closing balance<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span> 61.4 <span class=\"_ _1cf\"> </span>1,975.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.5 Capital management<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s primary objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es in relation to the management of capital are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>to deliver long-term capital growth f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or its shareholders, while preserving shareholders<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 capital;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>to deliver for shareholders increases in capital v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue in e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xcess <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant indices o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver time through an appropriate balance of equity capital and gearing; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>to ensure the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s ability to continue as a going concern.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y is subject to e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternally imposed capital requirements:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Articles <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of Association restrict bor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rowings to a maximum of fiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e times share capital and reserves; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s borrowings are subject to co<span class=\"_ _1\"/>venants limiting the total e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure based on a minimum net assets and a cap <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of borrowings as a percentage <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of adjusted net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>All these conditions were met during this <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year and the previous financial <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition, JRCM is subject to capital requirements imposed b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the FCA and must ensure that it has sufficient capital to meet these requirements. JRCM w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as compliant with those capital requirements throughout the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s capital at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 comprised:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _10a\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Equity share capital<span class=\"_ _177\"> </span>156.8<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>56.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Retained earnings and other reserves<span class=\"_ _2e\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">3,564.9<span class=\"_ _1c0\"> </span>4,233.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Net asset value<span class=\"_ _cd\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>370.6<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>408.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal capital<span class=\"_ _1d0\"> </span>4,092.3<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>4,799.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>There ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve been no significant changes to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s capital management objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, policies and processes in the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, nor has there been any change in what the Group considers to be its capital.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfFinancialInstrumentsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-455": {
   "value": "13.1 Financial r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk management<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The main risks arising from the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial instruments are market risk (including price risk, interest rate risk and currency risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he day-to-da<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y identification, mitigation and monitoring of these risks is undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en by the Manager under the authority of the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard and the A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>udit and Risk Committee, and is described in more detail below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The <span class=\"_ _1\"/>objectives, policies and processes f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or managing risks have not changed since the previous accounting <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The risk management processes of the Compan<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y are aligned with those of the Group as a whole and it is at the Group lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el that the majority of the risk management procedures are performed. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>Where relevant and materially diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent from the Group position, Company-specific risk exposures are <span class=\"_ _1\"/>explained alongside those <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.1 Mar<span class=\"_ _1\"/>k<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a financial instrument or inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment property held by the Group ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices. Mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk can be summarised as comprising three types of risk:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Price risk <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments and in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties will fluctuate because of changes in market prices (other than those arising from interest rate risk or currency risk).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Interest rate risk <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments and in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties will fluctuate because of changes in interest rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Currency risk <span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he risk that the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future cash flows <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments will fluctuate because <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in foreign ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to, sensitivity to and management of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>each of these risks are described in further detail below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Management of mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk is fundamental to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment objectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio is continually monitored to target an appropriate balance of risk and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ward.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Manager ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y seek to reduce or increase the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s exposure to stock mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets, interest rates and currencies by utilising derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es such as index futures, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>options, swaps and currency forw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard contracts. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments are used for the purpose <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of hedging some or all <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xisting exposure within the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio to those currencies or particular mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets, as well as to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>enable increased exposure when deemed appropriate. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ith respect to equity<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, foreign ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change and interest rate options, the notional <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure presented in this note is adjusted to reflect the estimated sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the option to mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in the underlying security<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.2 Pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ice r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price risk ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the value of the quoted, priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate and other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held by the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has a widely div<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersified inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment portfolio which significantly reduces the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to individual asset price risk. The perf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormance of third-party in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment managers is regularly revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed and assessed to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ensure compliance with their mandates and that their performance is compatible with the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment objective.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to price risk is monitored and managed by analysing the le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vels <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of direct exposure from quoted <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equity price risk and the e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from other price risk. The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to quoted equity price risk (also described as net quoted equity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure) can be assumed to be <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equivalent to the quoted equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment portfolio adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Notional e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from quoted equity deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Estimated cash balances held by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external managers; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Estimated net equity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure from hedge fund managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other price risk e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure relates to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, absolute return and credit, and real assets, adjusted for the notional e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure from commodity and credit derivatives.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposure to quoted equity price risk1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1,361<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1,755.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposure to other price risk<span class=\"_ _194\"> </span>2,394.5<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>2,669.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal exposure to pr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ice r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _1b2\"> </span>3,755.6<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>4,424.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Quoted equity price risk represented 37% of <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-end net assets (2021: 40%).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Price risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit with regards to changes in market prices is illustrated belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>This is estimated using an assumed 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% increase in general market prices with all other variables held constant. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% decrease is assumed to produce an equal and opposite effect.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis takes account <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the relevant deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative transactions the Group has entered into including those designed to provide a hedge against such mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Quoted equity<span class=\"_ _85\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _c1\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>77<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other<span class=\"_ _108\"> </span>239.4<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>266.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b0\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.8<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>444.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group is <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposed to mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et risk in respect to the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties are v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued by JLL using a market v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation approach and as such, the valuation will be influenced by trends <span class=\"_ _1\"/>experienced in the property mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et and also the wider economic <span class=\"_ _1\"/>environment. In particular<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the valuation will be dependent on rental income <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yields, demand and supply for office space in London and comparable transactions completed in the marketplace. Fluctuations in an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the inputs used b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the valuers to value the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment properties ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y increase or decrease the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the properties. 13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.3 Inter<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est rat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group finances its <span class=\"_ _1\"/>operations mainly through its share capital and reserves, including realised gains <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments. In addition, financing has been obtained through bank borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings and fixed rate loan notes. Changes in interest rates hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e a direct or indirect impact on the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue or future cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing financial assets and liabilities:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Gilts and other go<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vernment securities;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Money mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et funds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Credit funds;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Cash and cash equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alents;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Group borrowings; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Certain derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e contracts.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Changes in interest rates indirectly aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments including those in quoted equity securities, private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments or property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest rate risk is managed by taking into account the possible eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects on f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and cash flows that could arise as a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in interest rates when making decisions on in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments and borrowings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposure of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial assets and liabilities to floating interest rates (giving cash flow interest rate risk when rates are reset) and fixed interest rates (giving f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value risk), is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Floating rate<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed rate<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash<span class=\"_ _3e\"> </span>218.0<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1b3\"> </span>(236.2)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>(18.2)<span class=\"_ _130\"> </span>(93.7)<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/><span class=\"ls56 ws7b\">11<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Floating rate<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fixed rate<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash<span class=\"_ _3e\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _121\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1b3\"> </span>(240.0)<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>85.9<span class=\"_ _6f\"> </span>(139.2)<span class=\"_ _144\"> </span>(53.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>In addition, the Group holds \u00a3746.8 million (2021: \u00a3777<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.4 million) inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ested in absolute return and credit, of which \u00a3443.7 million (2021: \u00a331<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.5 million) is in funds that predominantly inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est in credit instruments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vide indirect exposure to interest rate risk.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>In addition, the Group holds \u00a3nil million (2021: \u00a397<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.3 million) notional exposure to interest rate deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>atives.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Exposures vary throughout the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year as a consequence of changes in the composition of the net assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group arising out of inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment, borrowing and risk management processes.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments include direct and indirect (via <span class=\"_ _1\"/>externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>managed funds) inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment securities, money markets, as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as quoted and unquoted debt securities issued by companies.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest received <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on cash and cash equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alents is at prevailing mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has total borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings with a fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of \u00a3370.6 million outstanding at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end (2021: \u00a3408.9 million). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olving credit facility comprising \u00a3236.2 million <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this total incurs floating interest payments (2021: \u00a3240.0 million). <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The loan notes with a fair value of \u00a3<span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>34.4 million (par value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million) have fix<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed interest </span>payments (2021: f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.9 million; par v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0 million). F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther details are provided in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Interest rate risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ximate sensitivity of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit in regard to changes in interest rates is illustrated below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>This is based on an assumed 50 basis point annualised increase in prev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailing interest rates at the balance sheet date applied to the floating rate and fixed rate assets and liabilities and the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing assumptions:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the fair values <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of all other assets and liabilities are not aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ected by a change in interest rates;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022  <span class=\"_ _1b4\"/><span class=\"ws0\"> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>funds will be reinvested in similar interest-bearing securities <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on </span>maturity; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>all other variables are held constant.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A 50 basis point decrease is assumed to produce an equal and opposite impact.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b5\"> </span>6.1<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>4.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has direct <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>effect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of interest rate changes on the valuation and cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws of its interest-bearing assets and liabilities. How<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, it ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y also be indirectly affected b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the impact of interest rate changes on the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings of certain companies in which the Group inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ests, and the impact on v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations that use interest rates as an input, including valuation models f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. Theref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ore, the sensitivity analysis ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y not reflect the full eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect on the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4 Cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rency r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Consistent with its Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olicy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the Group invests in financial instruments and transactions denominated in currencies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>other than sterling. As such, the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s profit and net assets could be significantly aff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ected by currency mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency risk is managed by the Group b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y entering into cur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rency options or f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward currency contracts as a means <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of limiting or increasing its e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to particular currencies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hese contracts are used for the purpose <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of hedging part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>existing currency exposure <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s portfolio (as a means of reducing risk) <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or to enable increased e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure when this is deemed appropriate by the Manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign currency exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Net exposure<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>% of NAV<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Net exposure<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>% of NAV<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>US dollar<span class=\"_ _1b6\"> </span>32.5<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>26.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Japanese y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en<span class=\"_ _1b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">4.2<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>2.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Euro<span class=\"_ _1b8\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _58\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Other non-sterling<span class=\"_ _79\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>47<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>31.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Amounts in the abov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e table are based on the carrying v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of all foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities and the underlying notional amounts of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward currency contracts. It does not tak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e into account any estimates of \u2018look-through<span class=\"_ _2\"/>\u2019 exposure from our fund in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Currency risk sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s net assets and profit in regard to changes in ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y currencies is illustrated below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>This is based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on an assumed 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% strengt<span class=\"_ _0\"/>hening <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of sterling relative to the foreign currencies as at 31 December 2022, and assumes all other v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ariables are held constant. A 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% weak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ening is assumed to produce an equal and opposite eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ect.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The sensitivity analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sis is based on the net f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oreign currency assets held at the balance sheet dates and takes account <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of currency forw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ards and options that adjust the eff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ects <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of changes in currency ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change rates.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2022 Impact on profit<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2021 Impact on profit<span class=\"ws0\"> </span>and net assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>US dollar<span class=\"_ _f2\"> </span>(120.8)<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>(97<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Japanese y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>en<span class=\"_ _a7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.6)<span class=\"_ _12e\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Euro<span class=\"_ _184\"> </span>(27<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.8)<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>(6.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-sterling<span class=\"_ _82\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.2)<span class=\"_ _26\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1b9\"> </span>(175.4)<span class=\"_ _1a2\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.5 Cr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>edit risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument held by the Group will f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ail to discharge an obligation or commitment that it has entered into with the Group, which could result in a loss to the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>This risk is not considered significant and is managed as f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the vast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s listed transactions are settled on a delivery v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersus payment basis and are held directly b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the custodian in fully segregated client accounts;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>use of a range of brok<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers and counterparties with their credit quality monitored regularly;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash balances are predominantly held with our custodian, whose credit worthiness is regularly monitored;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash margin is held by a range of appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ved counterparties, with both margin balances and counterparties<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 creditworthiness monitored regularly; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>careful selection of a diversified portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio of credit managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>A credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure could arise in respect of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative contracts entered into by the Group if a counterparty w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as unable to fulfil its contractual obligations.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group has <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to certain debt instruments acquired as part of its priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he credit risk associated with these instruments is managed as part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erall inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment risk in the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant portfolio companies and is not considered separately<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s maximum credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is limited to the carrying amount of financial assets recognised at the reporting date, as summarised below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Credit risk exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1ba\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>40.7<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash margin<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other receivables<span class=\"_ _c0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>59.9<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>75.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _18d\"> </span>562.3<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>654.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Debt securities held within portfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments include a private loan note issued by LionT<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ree <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Advisory Holdings LLC.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Represents the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of assets held by counterparties.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The credit quality <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of certain financial assets that are not past due, where the risk of loss is primarily that a counterparty f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ails to meet an obligation, can be assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external credit ratings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Manager has a re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>view process in place that includes an ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of a potential counterparty\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s ability to service and repay its debt. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his is considered on a regular basis. Cash margins and other receivables comprise mainly balances with counterparties which are inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment grade financial institutions with a short-term credit rating by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>S&amp;P of A-2 or <span class=\"_ _0\"/>higher (2021: A-2).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BNP is the custodian and depositary to the Company under the Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Managers Directiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e (AIFMD). Under the UK equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alent regulations, the Company is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (AIF) and JRCM is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Manager (AIFM). A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s custodian, substantially all of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s directly-held listed portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments and cash at bank are held by BNP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. Bankruptcy or insolv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ency of the custodian ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y cause the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s rights with respect to securities held by the custodian to be delay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed; how<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ever<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the custodian<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s local long-term rating from S&amp;P was <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A+ in the most recent rating prior to 31 December 2022 (2021: A+).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As depositary under <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIFMD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, the main obligation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of BNP is the saf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eguarding of those custodied assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on behalf of the RIT shareholder<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The depositary is liable for the loss <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments held in custody<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, other than under limited circumstances. As a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this obligation, the depositary maintains o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>versight <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of all transactions undertaken b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the AIFM (JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM) on behalf of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIF (RIT). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his includes reviewing all cash mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements, receiving copies of internal sign\u2010off documentation and ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y legal agreements, and ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersight and revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w of ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y procedures and controls.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.6 Liquidity r<span class=\"_ _1\"/>isk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e difficulty in meeting its obligations in respect <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial liabilities as they fall due.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition to the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liquidity balances and committed but undrawn borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings, the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment portfolio includes a substantial amount of assets which w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould be e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected to be realised within a relatively short time frame, depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on market conditions. This might include stocks (unless held via a co-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment fund or subject to a lock-up), gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds and derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es. Other inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments can be realised o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver varying timeframes depending on the nature of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment and/or the legal terms go<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verning disposal. Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xternally-managed equity and hedge funds hav<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e redemption periods which typically range from daily to quarterly and longer<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, depend<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ing in part <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the underlying nature of the portfolio holdings. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>There is also a risk in stress situations of the funds imposing additional restrictions or \u2018gates<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on redemptions (as happened in particular to hedge funds during the global financial crisis). Direct private and priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are inherently less liquid, and while there is a secondary market, participants will <span class=\"_ _1\"/>often experience discounts to f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, in particular at times <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of stress.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>JRCM manages the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s liquid resources in line with a liquidity risk framew<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ork o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verseen by the B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oard. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his establishes a minimum lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el of liquidity a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailable to meet e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xpected contractual commitments, including ongoing costs, margin calls and capital calls (from funds with a commitment/draw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>down struct<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ure  <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- see Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4). The Manager monitors the le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of short-term funding<span class=\"_ _0\"/>, and balances the need for access to short-term funding, with the long-term funding needs of the Group. The Group has three re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>volving credit f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acilities with a total capacity of \u00a3335 million (of which \u00a390 million was committed and undra<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/><span class=\"ws3\">y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end<span class=\"ws0\">) and \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>51 million of long-term loan notes (details <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </span></span>which are disclosed in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The remaining contractual mat<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urities of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial liabilities at the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear end, based <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the earliest date <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which payment could be required are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 months or less<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 months<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span><span class=\"ws83\">&gt;1 year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Current liabilities:  Bank <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>loan/overdraft<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">236.2<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>236.2</span>  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _e0\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>3.4<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-current liabilities:  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _86\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.0  Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>89.3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>94.9</span>  Lease <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>liability<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>6.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>243.2<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>95.2<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>447<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span>63.5<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span></span>65.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>306.7<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>9.4<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>197<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>513.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3 months or less<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2 months<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span><span class=\"ws83\">&gt;1 year<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Current liabilities:  Bank <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>loan/overdraft<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">240.0<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>240.0</span>  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _e0\"> </span><span class=\"ls50 ws72\">7.<span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>9<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span></span>0.3<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>8.2 <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _70\"> </span>Purchase f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or future settlement<span class=\"_ _1bf\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>99.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-current liabilities:  Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>financial instruments<span class=\"_ _86\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _137\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>2.9  Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.2<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>94.6<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>99.8</span>  Lease <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>liability<span class=\"_ _1b1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>0.4<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>3.9<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>4.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _24\"> </span>347<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>555.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-financial liabilities<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>68.8<span class=\"_ _129\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _17d\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span></span>169.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _d4\"> </span>516.6<span class=\"_ _1bc\"> </span>5.9<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>202.4<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>724.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In addition, the Company has contingent liabilities in the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orm of commitments amounting to \u00a3385 million (2021: \u00a3360.2 million) as set out in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfFinancialRiskManagementExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-465": {
   "value": "13.1.1 Market risk The fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument or investment property held by the Group may fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices. Market risk can be summarised as comprising three types of risk: \u2022  Price risk   The risk that the fair value or future cash flows of financial instruments and investment properties will fluctuate because of changes in market prices (other than those arising from interest rate risk or currency risk). \u2022  Interest rate risk   The risk that the fair value or future cash flows of financial instruments and investment properties will fluctuate because of changes in interest rates. \u2022  Currency risk   The risk that the fair value or future cash flows of financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Group\u2019s exposure to, sensitivity to and management of each of these risks are described in further detail below. Management of market risk is fundamental to the Group\u2019s investment objective. The investment portfolio is continually monitored to target an appropriate balance of risk and reward. The Manager may seek to reduce or increase the portfolio\u2019s exposure to stock markets, interest rates and currencies by utilising derivatives such as index futures, options, swaps and currency forward contracts. These instruments are used for the purpose of hedging some or all of the existing exposure within the portfolio to those currencies or particular markets, as well as to enable increased exposure when deemed appropriate. With respect to equity, foreign exchange and interest rate options, the notional exposure presented in this note is adjusted to reflect the estimated sensitivity of the option to movements in the underlying security. 13.1.2 Price risk Price risk may affect the value of the quoted, private and other investments held by the Group. The Group has a widely diversified investment portfolio which significantly reduces the exposure to individual asset price risk. The performance of third-party investment managers is regularly reviewed and assessed to ensure compliance with their mandates and that their performance is compatible with the Group\u2019s investment objective. The Group\u2019s exposure to price risk is monitored and managed by analysing the levels of direct exposure from quoted equity price risk and the exposure from other price risk. The Group\u2019s exposure to quoted equity price risk (also described as net quoted equity exposure) can be assumed to be equivalent to the quoted equity investments in the investment portfolio adjusted for: \u2022  Notional exposure from quoted equity derivatives; \u2022  Estimated cash balances held by external managers; and \u2022  Estimated net equity exposure from hedge fund managers. Other price risk exposure relates to investments in private investments, absolute return and credit, and real assets, adjusted for the notional exposure from commodity and credit derivatives. \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Exposure to quoted equity price risk1 1,361.1 1,755.0 Exposure to other price risk 2,394.5 2,669.5 Total exposure to price risk 3,755.6 4,424.5 1   Quoted equity price risk represented 37% of year-end net assets (2021: 40%). Price risk sensitivity analysis The sensitivity of the Group\u2019s net assets and profit with regards to changes in market prices is illustrated below. This is estimated using an assumed 10% increase in general market prices with all other variables held constant. A 10% decrease is assumed to produce an equal and opposite effect. The sensitivity analysis takes account of the relevant derivative transactions the Group has entered into including those designed to provide a hedge against such movements. \u00a3 million 2022 Impact on profit and net assets 2021 Impact on profit and net assets Quoted equity 137.4 177.1 Other 239.4 266.9 Total 376.8 444.0 The Group is exposed to market risk in respect to the fair value of the investment properties. The investment properties are valued by JLL using a market valuation approach and as such, the valuation will be influenced by trends experienced in the property market and also the wider economic environment. In particular, the valuation will be dependent on rental income yields, demand and supply for office space in London and comparable transactions completed in the marketplace. Fluctuations in any of the inputs used by the valuers to value the investment properties may increase or decrease the fair value of the properties. 13.1.3 Interest rate risk The Group finances its operations mainly through its share capital and reserves, including realised gains on investments. In addition, financing has been obtained through bank borrowings and fixed rate loan notes. Changes in interest rates have a direct or indirect impact on the fair value or future cash flows of the following financial assets and liabilities: \u2022  Gilts and other government securities; \u2022  Money market funds; \u2022  Credit funds; \u2022  Cash and cash equivalents; \u2022  Group borrowings; and \u2022  Certain derivative contracts. Changes in interest rates indirectly affect the fair value of the Group\u2019s other investments including those in quoted equity securities, private investments or property. Interest rate risk is managed by taking into account the possible effects on fair value and cash flows that could arise as a result of changes in interest rates when making decisions on investments and borrowings. Exposure of the Group\u2019s financial assets and liabilities to floating interest rates (giving cash flow interest rate risk when rates are reset) and fixed interest rates (giving fair value risk), is shown below. \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 Floating rate Fixed rate Total Portfolio investments \u2013 debt securities1 \u2013 40.7 40.7 Cash 218.0 \u2013 218.0 Borrowings (236.2) (134.4) (370.6) Total 2 (18.2) (93.7) (111.9) \u00a3 million 31 December 2021 Floating rate Fixed rate Total Portfolio investments \u2013 debt securities1 \u2013 29.7 29.7 Cash 325.9 \u2013 325.9 Borrowings (240.0) (168.9) (408.9) Total 2 85.9 (139.2) (53.3) 1   In addition, the Group holds \u00a3746.8 million (2021: \u00a3777.4 million) invested in absolute return and credit, of which \u00a3443.7 million (2021: \u00a3313.5 million) is in funds that predominantly invest in credit instruments. These provide indirect exposure to interest rate risk. 2   In addition, the Group holds \u00a3nil million (2021: \u00a397.3 million) notional exposure to interest rate derivatives. Exposures vary throughout the year as a consequence of changes in the composition of the net assets of the Group arising out of investment, borrowing and risk management processes. Portfolio investments include direct and indirect (via externally- managed funds) investments in government securities, money markets, as well as quoted and unquoted debt securities issued by companies. Interest received on cash and cash equivalents is at prevailing market rates. The Group has total borrowings with a fair value of \u00a3370.6 million outstanding at the year end (2021: \u00a3408.9 million). The revolving credit facility comprising \u00a3236.2 million of this total incurs floating interest payments (2021: \u00a3240.0 million). The loan notes with a fair value of \u00a3134.4 million (par value of \u00a3151.0 million) have fixed interest payments (2021: fair value \u00a3168.9 million; par value \u00a3151.0 million). Further details are provided in Note 18. Interest rate risk sensitivity analysis The approximate sensitivity of the Group\u2019s net assets and profit in regard to changes in interest rates is illustrated below. This is based on an assumed 50 basis point annualised increase in prevailing interest rates at the balance sheet date applied to the floating rate and fixed rate assets and liabilities and the following assumptions: \u2022   the fair values of all other assets and liabilities are not affected by a change in interest rates; \u2022   funds will be reinvested in similar interest-bearing securities on maturity; and \u2022   all other variables are held constant. A 50 basis point decrease is assumed to produce an equal and opposite impact. \u00a3 million 2022 Impact on profit and net assets 2021 Impact on profit and net assets Total 6.1 4.2 The Group has direct exposure to the effect of interest rate changes on the valuation and cash flows of its interest-bearing assets and liabilities. However, it may also be indirectly affected by the impact of interest rate changes on the earnings of certain companies in which the Group invests, and the impact on valuations that use interest rates as an input, including valuation models for private investments. Therefore, the sensitivity analysis may not reflect the full effect on the Group\u2019s net assets. 13.1.4 Currency risk Consistent with its Investment Policy, the Group invests in financial instruments and transactions denominated in currencies other than sterling. As such, the Group\u2019s profit and net assets could be significantly affected by currency movements. Currency risk is managed by the Group by entering into currency options or forward currency contracts as a means of limiting or increasing its exposure to particular currencies. These contracts are used for the purpose of hedging part of the existing currency exposure of the Group\u2019s portfolio (as a means of reducing risk) or to enable increased exposure when this is deemed appropriate by the Manager. Foreign currency exposure Currency 2022 Net exposure % of NAV 2021 Net exposure % of NAV US dollar 32.5 26.8 Japanese yen 4.2 2.7 Euro 7. 5 1. 5 Other non-sterling 2.9 0.4 Total1 47.1 31.4 1   Amounts in the above table are based on the carrying value of all foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities and the underlying notional amounts of forward currency contracts. It does not take into account any estimates of \u2018look-through\u2019 exposure from our fund investments . Currency risk sensitivity analysis The sensitivity of the Group\u2019s net assets and profit in regard to changes in key currencies is illustrated below. This is based on an assumed 10% strengthening of sterling relative to the foreign currencies as at 31 December 2022, and assumes all other variables are held constant. A 10% weakening is assumed to produce an equal and opposite effect. The sensitivity analysis is based on the net foreign currency assets held at the balance sheet dates and takes account of currency forwards and options that adjust the effects of changes in currency exchange rates. \u00a3 million 2022 Impact on profit and net assets 2021 Impact on profit and net assets US dollar (120.8) (97.9) Japanese yen (15.6) (11.9) Euro (27.8) (6.6) Other non-sterling (11.2) (1.7) Total (175.4) (118.1) ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfMarketRiskExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-466": {
   "value": "<div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:374.72015px;\">13.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.5 Cr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>edit risk<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:361.07532px;\">Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:347.43054px;\">held by the Group will f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ail to discharge an obligation or commitment </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:333.78574px;\">that it has entered into with the Group, which could result in a loss </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:320.14093px;\">to the Group.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:299.12253px;\">This risk is not considered significant and is managed as f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollows:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:278.10413px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>the vast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s listed transactions are settled </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:264.45932px;\">on a delivery v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersus payment basis and are held directly b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:250.81454px;\">custodian in fully segregated client accounts;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:229.79614px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>use of a range of brok<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers and counterparties with their credit </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:216.15134px;\">quality monitored regularly;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:195.13293px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash balances are predominantly held with our custodian, whose </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:181.48813px;\">credit worthiness is regularly monitored;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:160.46973px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>cash margin is held by a range of appro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ved counterparties, with </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:146.82492px;\">both margin balances and counterparties<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019 creditworthiness </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:133.18015px;\">monitored regularly; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:112.16174px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>careful selection of a diversified portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio of credit managers.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:91.14334px;\">A credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure could arise in respect of deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ative contracts </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:77.498535px;\">entered into by the Group if a counterparty w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>as unable to fulfil its </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:63.85373px;\">contractual obligations.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:42.835327px;\">The Group has <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exposure to certain debt instruments acquired as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:29.190536px;\">part of its priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate equity in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he credit risk associated with </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:15.545731px;\">these instruments is managed as part of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erall inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment risk </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:1.90094px;\">in the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant portfolio companies and is not considered separately<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:619.26074px;\">The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s maximum credit e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is limited to the carrying </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:605.6159px;\">amount of financial assets recognised at the reporting date, as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:591.9711px;\">summarised below<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h3f ff3f fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:570.95276px;\">Credit risk exposure<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:554.2723px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1ba\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:539.8432px;\">P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments \u2013 debt securities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:170.36053px; bottom:543.08997px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:223.47723px; bottom:539.8432px;\">40.7<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>29.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:525.4132px;\">Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5f ff3d fs1f fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:139.1383px; bottom:528.6609px;\">2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:223.47723px; bottom:525.4141px;\">58.3<span class=\"_ _55\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:510.98413px;\">Cash margin<span class=\"_ _1bb\"> </span>85.4<span class=\"_ _118\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:496.55414px;\">Other receivables<span class=\"_ _c0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>59.9<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>75.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:482.12415px;\">Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:4.114441px; bottom:467.69415px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _18d\"> </span>562.3<span class=\"_ _17a\"> </span>654.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:447.648px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:2.2287903px; bottom:444.6178px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Debt securities held within portfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments include a private loan note </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:7.201294px; bottom:432.91522px;\">issued by LionT<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ree <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Advisory Holdings LLC.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:423.51105px;\">2</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:2.2287903px; bottom:420.4807px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span>Represents the fair value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of assets held by counterparties.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:395.03857px;\">The credit quality <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of certain financial assets that are not past due, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:381.39374px;\">where the risk of loss is primarily that a counterparty f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ails to meet an </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:367.74896px;\">obligation, can be assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external credit ratings.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:350.41217px;\">The Manager has a re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>view process in place that includes an </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:336.76733px;\">ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of a potential counterparty\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s ability to service and repay its </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:323.12256px;\">debt. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his is considered on a regular basis. Cash margins and other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:309.47778px;\">receivables comprise mainly balances with counterparties which are </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:295.83295px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment grade financial institutions with a short-term credit rating </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws4\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:282.18814px;\">by <span class=\"_ _1\"/>S&amp;P of A-2 or <span class=\"_ _0\"/>higher (2021: A-2).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:264.85135px;\">BNP is the custodian and depositary to the Company under the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:251.20654px;\">Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Managers Directiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e (AIFMD). Under </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:237.56177px;\">the UK equiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alent regulations, the Company is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:223.91696px;\">Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (AIF) and JRCM is the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Alternative In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:210.27216px;\">Manager (AIFM). A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s custodian, substantially all of the Company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:196.62735px;\">directly-held listed portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments and cash at bank are held </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:182.98254px;\">by BNP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. Bankruptcy or insolv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ency of the custodian ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y cause the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:169.33777px;\">Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s rights with respect to securities held by the custodian to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:155.69296px;\">be delay<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed; how<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ever<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, the custodian<span class=\"_ _1\"/>\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s local long-term rating from </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:142.04816px;\">S&amp;P was <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A+ in the most recent rating prior to 31 December 2022 </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:128.40335px;\">(2021: A+).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:111.06656px;\">As depositary under <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIFMD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, the main obligation <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of BNP is the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:97.42175px;\">saf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eguarding of those custodied assets <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on behalf of the RIT </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:83.77695px;\">shareholder<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The depositary is liable for the loss <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:70.13214px;\">instruments held in custody<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, other than under limited circumstances. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:56.487366px;\">As a result <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of this obligation, the depositary maintains o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>versight <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:42.84256px;\">all transactions undertaken b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the AIFM (JR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>CM) on behalf of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>AIF </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:29.197754px;\">(RIT). <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>his includes reviewing all cash mo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vements, receiving copies </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:15.552948px;\">of internal sign\u2010off documentation and ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y legal agreements, and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0038452148px; bottom:1.9081573px;\">ov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ersight and revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w of ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y procedures and controls.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div>",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfCreditRiskExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-467": {
   "value": "13.1.6 Liquidity risk Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will have difficulty in meeting its obligations in respect of financial liabilities as they fall due. In addition to the Group\u2019s liquidity balances and committed but undrawn borrowings, the investment portfolio includes a substantial amount of assets which would be expected to be realised within a relatively short time frame, depending on market conditions. This might include stocks (unless held via a co-investment fund or subject to a lock-up), government bonds and derivatives. Other investments can be realised over varying timeframes depending on the nature of the investment and/or the legal terms governing disposal. Investments in externally-managed equity and hedge funds have redemption periods which typically range from daily to quarterly and longer, depending in part on the underlying nature of the portfolio holdings. There is also a risk in stress situations of the funds imposing additional restrictions or \u2018gates\u2019 on redemptions (as happened in particular to hedge funds during the global financial crisis). Direct private and private fund investments are inherently less liquid, and while there is a secondary market, participants will often experience discounts to fair value, in particular at times of stress. JRCM manages the Group\u2019s liquid resources in line with a liquidity risk framework overseen by the Board. This establishes a minimum level of liquidity available to meet expected contractual commitments, including ongoing costs, margin calls and capital calls (from funds with a commitment/drawdown structure  - see Note 14). The Manager monitors the level of short-term funding, and balances the need for access to short-term funding, with the long-term funding needs of the Group. The Group has three revolving credit facilities with a total capacity of \u00a3335 million (of which \u00a390 million was committed and undrawn at the year end) and \u00a3151 million of long-term loan notes (details of which are disclosed in Note 18). The remaining contractual maturities of the Group\u2019s financial liabilities at the year end, based on the earliest date on which payment could be required are as follows: \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 3 months or less 3-12 months >1 year Total Current liabilities:  Bank loan/overdraft 236.2 \u2013 \u2013 236.2  Derivative financial instruments 7. 0 3.4 \u2013 10.4 Non-current liabilities:  Derivative financial instruments \u2013 \u2013 0.0 0.0  Borrowings \u2013 5.6 189.3 194.9  Lease liability \u2013 0.4 5.9 6.3 Financial liabilities 243.2 9.4 195.2 447.8 Other non-financial liabilities 63.5 \u2013 1. 8 65.3 Total 306.7 9.4 197.0 513.1 \u00a3 million 31 December 2021 3 months or less 3-12 months >1 year Total Current liabilities:  Bank loan/overdraft 240.0 \u2013 \u2013 240.0  Derivative financial instruments 7. 9 0.3 \u2013 8.2    Purchase for future settlement 99.9 \u2013 \u2013 99.9 Non-current liabilities:  Derivative financial instruments \u2013 \u2013 2.9 2.9  Borrowings \u2013 5.2 194.6 199.8  Lease liability \u2013 0.4 3.9 4.3 Financial liabilities 347.8 5.9 201.4 555.1 Other non-financial liabilities 168.8 \u2013 1. 0 169.8 Total 516.6 5.9 202.4 724.9 In addition, the Company has contingent liabilities in the form of commitments amounting to \u00a3385 million (2021: \u00a3360.2 million) as set out in Note 14 . ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfLiquidityRiskExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-457": {
   "value": "13.2 Collateral Collateral in the form of cash margin is posted by the Group in relation to certain derivative transactions, transacted under the auspices of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association. The Group does not hold collateral from other counterparties. Set out below is the amount of financial assets pledged as collateral at the year end. \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Cash margin  85.4 87.6 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfCollateralExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-456": {
   "value": "13.3 Derivative financial instruments The Group typically uses the following types of derivative instruments in the portfolio: \u2022   futures and forward contracts relating to market indices, foreign currencies and government bonds; \u2022   options relating to foreign currencies, market indices, stocks and interest rates; and \u2022   swaps relating to interest rates, bonds, credit spreads, equity indices and stocks. As explained above, the Manager uses derivatives to hedge various exposures and also selectively to increase or decrease exposure where desired. The notional amount of certain types of derivatives provides a basis for comparison with instruments recognised on the balance sheet, but does not necessarily indicate the amount of future cash flows involved or the current fair value of the derivatives. The derivative instruments become favourable (assets) or unfavourable (liabilities) as a result of fluctuations in indices, security prices, market interest rates or foreign exchange rates relevant to the terms of the derivative instrument. The aggregate contractual or notional amount of derivative financial instruments held, the extent to which instruments are favourable or unfavourable and thus the aggregate fair values of derivative financial assets and liabilities can fluctuate significantly from time to time. Details of the unsettled derivatives at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 are: As at 31 December 2022 \u00a3 million Group and Company Notional 1 amount Assets (positive fair value) Liabilities (negative fair value) Total fair value Commodity derivatives 169.1 6.4 \u2013 6.4 Credit derivatives \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Currency derivatives 1,815.1 49.6 (7.0) 42.6 Equity derivatives 253.2 2.3 (3.4) (1.1) Fixed income derivatives \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 Total 58.3 (10.4) 47.9 As at 31 December 2021 \u00a3 million Group and Company Notional 1 amount Assets (positive fair value) Liabilities (negative fair value) Total fair value Commodity derivatives 132.8 3.0 \u2013 3.0 Credit derivatives 178.4 0.4 (3.3) (2.9) Currency derivatives 2,364.4 28.6 (7.6) 21.0 Equity derivatives 53.0 3.5 (0.2) 3.3 Fixed income derivatives 81.2 0.1 \u2013 0.1 Total 35.6 (11.1) 24.5 1  Long and short notional exposure has been netted. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfDerivativeFinancialInstrumentsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-458": {
   "value": "<div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:305.40195px;\">13.4 IFRS 13 f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue measurement classification<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:291.75714px;\">IFRS 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3 requires the Group to classify its financial instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments held </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:278.11234px;\">at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue using a hierarchy that reflects the significance <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:264.46756px;\">inputs used in the valuation methodologies. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>These are as follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:243.44916px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets for identical </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:229.80435px;\">assets or liabilities;<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:208.78595px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 1 </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:195.14114px;\">that are observ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>able for the asset <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or liability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>either directly (i.e. as </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:181.49635px;\">prices) or indirectly (i.e. deriv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed from prices); and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:160.47795px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3: Inputs for the asset <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or liability that are not based on </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:146.83315px;\">observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data (i.e. unobservable inputs).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:125.81474px;\">The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ast majority of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s financial assets and liabilities, </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:112.16995px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties and property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment are </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:98.52515px;\">measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue on a recurring basis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:77.506744px;\">The Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s policy is to recognise transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers into and transf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ers out <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:63.861946px;\">fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vels at the end <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the reporting <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year when they </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:50.217148px;\">are deemed to occur<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:29.198746px;\">A description of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation techniques used by the Group with </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:15.553947px;\">regards to inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments categorised in each le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel of the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:1.9091492px;\">hierarchy is detailed belo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>Where the Group invests in a fund <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or </div>a partnership, which is not itself listed on an activ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e market, the categorisation of such in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een levels 2 and 3 is determined by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to the nature <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the fund or partnership\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s underlying inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments. If such inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are categorised across diff<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erent lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>els, the lowest le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the hierarchy that f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orms a significant proportion of the fund <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure is used to determine the reporting disclosure.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>If the proportion of the underlying in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments categorised betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>els changes during the period, these will be reclassified to the most appropriate lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments traded in active mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ets is based on quoted mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et prices at the balance sheet date. A mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et is regarded as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ailable from an e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xchange, dealer<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, broker<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, industry group, pricing service, or regulatory agency<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, and those prices represent actual and regularly occurring mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et transactions on an arm\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s length basis. The quoted mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et price used for financial assets held b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the Group is the current bid price or the last traded price, depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the conv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ention of the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on which the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment is quoted. Where a market price is a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vailable but the mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et is not considered active, the Group has classified these in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments as le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 2.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y using valuation techniques which maximise the use of <span class=\"_ _1\"/>observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data where it is available. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Specific valuation techniques used to v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue O<span class=\"_ _1\"/>TC derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es include quoted market prices f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or similar instruments, counterparty quotes and the use of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward <span class=\"_ _1\"/>exchange rates to <span class=\"_ _1\"/>estimate the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>orward foreign <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>change contracts at the balance sheet date. Investments in externally<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-managed funds which themselves in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vest primarily in listed securities are valued at the price <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or net asset value released b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment manager or fund administrator as at the balance sheet date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group considers all priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, whether direct or funds, (as described in the Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on page <span class=\"ls4c ws69\">18<span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>) as lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3 assets, as the valuations <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets are not typically based on observable mark<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et data. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where other funds in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vest into illiquid stocks, these are also considered by the Group to be le<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vel 3 assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are held at the most recent fair values provided b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the GPs managing those funds, adjusted for subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions, and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements up to the period end, and are subject to periodic revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w by the Manager<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. Direct co-inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are also held at the most recent fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alues provided by the GPs managing those co-in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments, adjusted f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, distributions, currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es, as well as pricing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents where the Manager has sufficient information to suggest the period end valuation should be adjusted. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The remaining directly-held priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments are valued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a semi-annual basis using techniques including a market approach, income approach and/or cost approach. The v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation process inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olves the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment functions of the Manager who prepare the proposed valuations, which are then subject to revie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w by the finance function, with the final valuations being presented to the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>aluation Committee, comprised of independent non-ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ecutive Directors, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of which the A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>udit and Risk Committee Chair is also a member<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Specific valuation techniques used will typically include the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of recent transactions, earnings multiples, discounted cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w analysis, and, where appropriate, industry specific methodologies. The acquisition cost, if determined to be f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value, ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y be used to calibrate inputs to the valuation. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The valuations will often reflect a synthesis of a number <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of distinct approaches in determining the final fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue estimate. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The individual approach for each in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment will vary depending <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant factors that a market participant would tak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e into account in pricing the asset. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>These might include the specific industry dynamics, the company\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s stage of de<span class=\"_ _1\"/>velopment, profitability<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, gro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wth prospects or risk as w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ell as the rights associated with the particular security<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings at 31 December 2022 comprise bank loans and senior loan notes. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he bank loans are revolving credit f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>acilities paying floating interest, and are typically drawn in tranches with a duration of three or six months. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The loans are therefore short-term in nature, and their fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue approximates their nominal v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The loan notes were issued in 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 with tenors of betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0 and 20 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years with a weighted a<span class=\"_ _1\"/>verage <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ears. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>hey are valued <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on a monthly basis using a discounted cash flow model where the discount rate is derived from the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yield of similar tenor UK Gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ernment bonds, adjusted for an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y significant changes in either credit spreads <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the perceived credit risk <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Company<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of investments in non-consolidated subsidiaries is considered to be the net asset value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the individual subsidiary as at the balance sheet date. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he net asset value comprises various assets and liabilities which are fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued on a recurring basis and is considered to be lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3. On a semi-annual basis, the Group engages <span class=\"_ _1\"/>external, independent and qualified valuers to determine the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment properties and property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and <span class=\"_ _1\"/>equipment held at fair value. F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>urt<span class=\"_ _0\"/>her inf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ormation is shown in Note 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities within the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, at 31 December 2022:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span><span class=\"ls54 ws78\">Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>Level 2<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial assets at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue through profit or loss (FVPL): <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>506.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,204.2<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,77<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,485.2 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Non-consolidated subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/>1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>101<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>506.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,204.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,586.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>6.4<span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>51<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>58.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial assets at FVPL<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>513.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,256.1<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>3,644.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Non-financial assets measured at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _1c3\"> </span>  <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Investment property<span class=\"_ _29\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9 <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>20.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal non-financial assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Financial liabilities at FVPL: Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(370.6)</span> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Derivative financial instruments<span class=\"_ _6a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial liabilities at FVPL<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _141\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.4)<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>(370.6)<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>(381<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal net assets measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _1c4\"> </span>513.2<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,245.7<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,563.3<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3,322.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current assets<span class=\"_ _1c5\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _1c6\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current assets<span class=\"_ _101\"> </span>249.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other current liabilities<span class=\"_ _1c7\"> </span>(63.6)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other non-current liabilities<span class=\"_ _d6\"> </span>(5.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Net assets<span class=\"_ _2a\"> </span>3,721<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2022 \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>Properties<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Opening balance<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _178\"> </span>61<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>1,975.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Purchases<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>222.2<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>222.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sales<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3)<span class=\"_ _d2\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Realised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>8.7<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>8.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through profit or loss<span class=\"_ _1c8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">(59.7)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>(60.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Unrealised gains/(losses) through other comprehensive income<span class=\"_ _31\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>(2.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in to lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3<span class=\"_ _90\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er out of level 3<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Other<span class=\"_ _57\"> </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.4)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.3)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Closing balance<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>1,875.3<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>58.6<span class=\"_ _180\"> </span>1,933.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>During the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ear no inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments were reclassified betw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>een lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 2 and lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information in relation to the directly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-held private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments is set out in the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>This summarises the portfolio by the primary method used in fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluing the asset. A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>s we seek to emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y a range of v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation methods and inputs in the valuation process, selection of a primary method is subjectiv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e, and designed primarily to assist the subsequent sensitivity analysis.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Primary v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation method/approach  \u00a3 million <span class=\"_ _fb\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _195\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Third-party v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>246.3<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>361<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to recent transaction2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>90.5<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Earnings multiple<span class=\"_ _92\"> </span>49.8<span class=\"_ _63\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Recent transaction<span class=\"_ _aa\"> </span>23.6<span class=\"_ _1a8\"> </span>140.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other industry metrics<span class=\"_ _8c\"> </span>21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _136\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to agreed third-pa<span class=\"ws74\">rty off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _2b\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0.8<span class=\"_ _104\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1c9\"> </span>442.7<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>513.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Included in this method are directly<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-held private inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held within </span>the non-consolidated subsidiaries with a total of \u00a324.5 million (2021: \u00a329.7 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2  <span class=\"_ _120\"/><span class=\"ws0\">Included in this method are direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate investments which ha<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ve been </span>discounted due to a decline in public markets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The majority <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the direct private in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments are structured as co-<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, managed by a GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>. For these inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, we typically use the latest quarterly fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations provided b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y the GP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, adjusted for an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y subsequent inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments/distributions and currency mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>es as well as pricing <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ents, where there is sufficient information to suggest the period-end valuation should be adjusted.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Where the Manager has sufficient information to undertak<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e its o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn valuation, a range <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of methods will typically be used. For companies with positive <span class=\"_ _1\"/>earnings, we seek to utilise an earnings multiple approach, typically using EBITD<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A or similar<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he earnings multiple is assessed by ref<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erence to similar listed companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or transactions inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olving similar companies. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>When an asset is undergoing a sale and the price has been agreed but not <span class=\"_ _1\"/>y<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et completed or an <span class=\"_ _1\"/>off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er has been submitted, we use the agreed <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ered price, often with a final discount to reflect the risks associated with the transaction completing or an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y price adjustments. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Where a company has been the subject of a recent financing round which is vie<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wed as representative <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue, we will use this transaction price. Other methods emplo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yed include discounted cash flo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>w analysis and industry metrics such as multiples of assets under management <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or rev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>enue, where market participants use these approaches in pricing assets. The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vides a sensitivity analysis of the v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation of directly-held priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, and the impact on net assets:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation method/approach<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span>Sensitivity analysis<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Third-party v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluations<span class=\"_ _132\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2.3 million or 0.33% (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>8.1 million, 0.41%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to recent transaction<span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span>Assets in this category are v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using a discount applied to a recent financing round or secondary transaction. Discounts range between 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5% and 70%, reflecting factors such as the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>elapsed time since the transaction and the mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ement in prices of broadly similar listed companies. A 5% change to the discount would result in a \u00a3<span class=\"ws74\">4.5 million or </span>0.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>2% (2021: n/a) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Earnings multiple<span class=\"_ _11a\"> </span><span class=\"ls5b\">Assets in this category are valued using EV/<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>sales multiples in the range of 4.0x <span class=\"_ _4a\"/>- 8.5x. If the multiple used for v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>aluation purposes<span class=\"_ _0\"/> is increased or decreased b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y 5% then the<span class=\"_ _0\"/> net assets would increase/decrease b<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y \u00a32.5<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> <span class=\"ls5b\">million <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or 0.07% (2021: n/a).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span>Recent transaction<span class=\"_ _14f\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.2 million or 0.03% (2021: \u00a37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.0 million, 0.1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Other industry metrics<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>A 5% change in the value of these assets would result in a \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.1 million or 0.03% (2021: \u00a30.6 million, 0.0<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Discount to agreed third-party off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The asset in this category is v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using a 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5% discount to an agreed off<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er<span class=\"_ _2\"/>. A 5% change in the discount would result in a \u00a30.1<span class=\"ws74\"> million or <span class=\"_ _0\"/></span>&lt;0.0<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1% (2021: n/a) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment property and property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and equipment with an aggregate fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue of \u00a358.6 million (2021: \u00a361<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4 million) were valued using a third-party valuation pro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vided by JLL. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The properties were valued using w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eighted av<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erage capital values of \u00a31,580 per square foot (2021: \u00a31,658) de<span class=\"_ _1\"/>veloped from rental <span class=\"_ _2\"/>yields and supported by market transactions. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A \u00a325 per square foot increase/decrease in capital values w<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ould result in a \u00a30.8 million increase/decrease in fair value (2021: \u00a30.8 million increase/decrease).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The non-consolidated subsidiaries are held at their f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of \u00a3<span class=\"ls2 ws2\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">1 million (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4 million) representing \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04.7 million </span></span>of portfolio in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments (2021: \u00a31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04.3 million) and \u00a33.3<span class=\"ws3\"> <span class=\"_ _0\"/>million of </span>remaining liabilities (2021: \u00a32.9 million of remaining liabilities<span class=\"ws4\">). A 5% </span>change in the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets would result in \u00a35.1<span class=\"ws3\"> million or </span>0.1% (2021: \u00a35.1 million, 0.1%) change in total net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The remaining in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value and classified as lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span><span class=\"ws88\">3 of </span>\u00a31,355.7<span class=\"ws0\"> million (2021: \u00a31,329.2 million) were v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alued using third-party </span>valuations from a GP<span class=\"_ _4e\"/>, administrator or fund manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>. <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"ls1\"> </span><span class=\"ws4b\">5%</span><span class=\"ls1\"> </span><span class=\"ws4b\">change </span>in the value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of these assets would result in a <span class=\"ws4b\">\u00a367<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.8<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span><span class=\"ws3\">million or </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.82%<span class=\"ls1 ws0\"> </span></span>(2021: \u00a366.5 million, 1<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.51%) change in net assets.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:771.0195px;\">In aggregate, the sum of the direct priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments, investment </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:757.37463px;\">property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, property<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, plant and equipment, non-consolidated </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:743.72986px;\">subsidiaries and the remaining fund inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments represents the total </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:730.085px;\">lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3 assets of \u00a31,933.9 million (2021: \u00a31,975.7 million).<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:710.9075px;\">The f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing table analy<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ses the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s assets and liabilities within </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:697.26263px;\">the fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue hierarchy<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, at 31 December 2021:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:676.24426px;\">As at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:655.9593px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1c2\"> </span><span class=\"ls54 ws78\">Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 1<span class=\"_ _9a\"> </span>Level 2<span class=\"_ _eb\"> </span>Level<span class=\"_ _0\"/> 3<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:641.5302px;\">Financial assets at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:627.8802px;\">through profit or loss (FVPL):</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:613.4502px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortfolio inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>579.6<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>1,797<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>3.0<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>4,1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>90.5</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls57 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:599.0202px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Non-consolidated subsidiaries<span class=\"_ _96\"> </span><span class=\"ls1\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span><span class=\"ls5a ws84\">101<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.<span class=\"_ _0\"/>3<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>101<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _18\"/>3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:584.5902px;\">Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments held at fair value<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span>579.6<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>1,797<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,91<span class=\"_ _1\"/>4.3<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>4,291<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:570.1602px;\">Derivativ<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e financial instruments<span class=\"_ _138\"> </span>2.9<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>32.7<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>35.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:555.7302px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial assets at FVPL<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>582.5<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,830.6<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>4,327<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:541.30023px;\">Non-financial assets measured </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:527.6502px;\">at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _1c3\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:513.2202px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Investment property<span class=\"_ _29\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>38.3<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>38.3</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:498.79022px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Property<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, plant and </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:485.1402px;\">equipment<span class=\"_ _b3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span>23.1<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>23.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:470.7102px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal non-financial assets </div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:457.06024px;\">measured at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _8d\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>61.4<span class=\"_ _1be\"> </span>61<span class=\"_ _1\"/>.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:442.63022px;\">Financial liabilities at FVPL:</div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws85\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:428.20023px;\"> Borro<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wings<span class=\"_ _b7\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">\u2013<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _87\"> </span>(408.9)</span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:413.7702px;\"> <span class=\"_ _fc\"> </span>Derivative financial </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:400.1202px;\">instruments<span class=\"_ _6a\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _c3\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:385.69022px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal financial liabilities at </div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:372.04022px;\">FVPL<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _7b\"> </span>(1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1.1)<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>(408.9)<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>(420.0)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:357.61023px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal net assets measured at </div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:343.9602px;\">f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value<span class=\"_ _1c4\"> </span>582.5<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>1,81<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9.5<span class=\"_ _4d\"> </span>1,566.8<span class=\"_ _72\"> </span>3,968.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:329.5302px;\">Other non-current assets<span class=\"_ _1c5\"> </span>3.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:315.10022px;\">Cash at bank<span class=\"_ _1ca\"> </span>325.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:300.67023px;\">Other current assets<span class=\"_ _101\"> </span>266.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:286.2402px;\">Other current liabilities<span class=\"_ _108\"> </span>(168.8)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:271.8102px;\">Other non-current liabilities<span class=\"_ _d6\"> </span>(5.9)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:257.38022px;\">Net assets<span class=\"_ _1cb\"> </span>4,390.3<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:228.03363px;\">Mov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ements in level 3 assets<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:198.56354px;\">Y<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ear ended 31 December 2021 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:187.51094px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:169.5347px; bottom:209.6077px;\">Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:176.63205px; bottom:198.55508px;\">held at fair </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:195.10129px; bottom:187.50249px;\">value<span class=\"_ _68\"> </span>Properties<span class=\"_ _126\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:173.08444px;\">Opening balance<span class=\"_ _1bd\"> </span>1,232.1<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span> 61<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.4 <span class=\"_ _51\"> </span> 1,293.5 </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:158.65445px;\">Purchases<span class=\"_ _1cc\"> </span>857<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.6<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span> 0.1 <span class=\"_ _123\"> </span>857<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:144.22444px;\">Sales<span class=\"_ _5f\"> </span>(882.1)<span class=\"_ _160\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _78\"> </span>(882.1)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:129.79445px;\">Realised gains/(losses) through profit </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:116.144455px;\">or loss<span class=\"_ _85\"> </span> 37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5 <span class=\"_ _122\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _12a\"> </span></span> 37<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:101.71445px;\">Unrealised gains/(losses) through </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws74\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:88.06445px;\">profit or loss<span class=\"_ _1cd\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">767<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _13f\"> </span> 0.6<span class=\"_ _179\"> </span>768.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:73.634445px;\">Unrealised gains/(losses) through </div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:14.831619px; bottom:59.984444px;\">other comprehensive income<span class=\"_ _2c\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _138\"> </span></span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>(0.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:45.55445px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er in to lev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>el 3<span class=\"_ _1ce\"> </span>40.9<span class=\"_ _40\"> </span>\u2013<span class=\"_ _75\"> </span>40.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws74\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:31.12445px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ransf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>er out of level 3<span class=\"_ _33\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\"> (1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>39.2)<span class=\"_ _bb\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _10d\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _141\"> </span></span> (1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>39.2)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:16.69445px;\">Other<span class=\"_ _17c\"> </span><span class=\"ws89\"> <span class=\"_ _50\"> </span>\u2013   <span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span></span> (0.5)<span class=\"_ _6e\"> </span> (0.5)<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:2.2644463px;\">Closing balance<span class=\"_ _17e\"> </span>1,914.3<span class=\"_ _13a\"> </span> 61.4 <span class=\"_ _1cf\"> </span>1,975.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div>",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfFairValueMeasurementExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-459": {
   "value": "13.5 Capital management The Group\u2019s primary objectives in relation to the management of capital are: \u2022   to deliver long-term capital growth for its shareholders, while preserving shareholders\u2019 capital; \u2022   to deliver for shareholders increases in capital value in excess of the relevant indices over time through an appropriate balance of equity capital and gearing; and \u2022   to ensure the Group\u2019s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company is subject to externally imposed capital requirements: \u2022   the Company\u2019s Articles of Association restrict borrowings to a maximum of five times share capital and reserves; and \u2022   the Company\u2019s borrowings are subject to covenants limiting the total exposure based on a minimum net assets and a cap of borrowings as a percentage of adjusted net assets. All these conditions were met during this year and the previous financial year. In addition, JRCM is subject to capital requirements imposed by the FCA and must ensure that it has sufficient capital to meet these requirements. JRCM was compliant with those capital requirements throughout the year. The Group\u2019s capital at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 comprised: \u00a3 million  2022 2021 Equity share capital 156.8 156.8 Retained earnings and other reserves 3,564.9 4,233.5 Net asset value 3,721.7 4,390.3 Borrowings 370.6 408.9 Total capital 4,092.3 4,799.2 There have been no significant changes to the Group\u2019s capital management objectives, policies and processes in the year, nor has there been any change in what the Group considers to be its capital. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfObjectivesPoliciesAndProcessesForManagingCapitalExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-435": {
   "value": "14. Financial commitments Financial commitments to invest additional funds which have not been provided for are as follows: \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Commitments 385.0 385.0 360.2 360.2 The financial commitments are principally uncalled commitments to private funds, which are typically established as 10-year funds with a five-year investment period, and are diversified across multiple funds and vintage years. The majority are denominated in US dollars and therefore subject to currency fluctuation. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfCommitmentsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-436": {
   "value": "15. Investment property \u00a3 million  2022 2021 Rental income from investment properties 2.1 2.0 Direct operating expenses arising from investment properties that generated rental income during the year (1.4) (1.4) Cash outflow from leases (0.4) (0.4) The Group and Company is committed to making the following payments under non-cancellable leases over the periods described. \u00a3 million  2022 2021 Within one year 0.4 0.4 Under non-cancellable leases the Group and Company will receive the following: \u00a3 million  2022 2021 Within one year 1. 1 1. 3 Between one and two years 0.6 0.6 Between two and three years 0.1 0.1 Between three and four years 0.1 \u2013 Between four and five years \u2013 \u2013 Over five years \u2013 \u2013 All investment properties held by the Group during the year generated rental income. The Company leases Spencer House from the Spencer Trustees (the Trustees). The terms of this lease include provisions such that: any assignment or sale of the lease can occur only with the consent of the Trustees, there are limits on event frequency and that the Trustees retain certain (de minimis) usage rights over the \u2018fine rooms\u2019. The Company is required to externally redecorate every three years and to internally redecorate every seven years. The property is typically open to the public for viewing every Sunday, except during August. The investment property portfolio is valued by JLL on a six-monthly basis in accordance with current RICS Valuation \u2013 Global Standards, published by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, on the basis of open market value. The most recent valuation, which reflects the factors highlighted above, was undertaken as at 31 December 2022",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfInvestmentPropertyExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-437": {
   "value": "16. Other receivables \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Cash margin 85.4 85.4 87.6 87.6 Amounts receivable  0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 Prepayments and accrued income 7. 0 6.6 2.9 2.5 Sales for future settlement 152.3 152.3 123.6 123.6 Unsettled investment subscriptions \u2013 \u2013 48.0 48.0 Total 245.3 244.9 262.8 262.4 The carrying amount of other receivables approximates their fair value, due to their short-term nature. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfTradeAndOtherReceivablesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-438": {
   "value": "17. Related party transactions In the normal course of its business, the Group has entered into a number of transactions with related parties. All arrangements with related parties are monitored by the Conflicts Committee, which is comprised solely of independent non-executive Directors. Transactions with Hannah Rothschild or parties related to her During the current and prior year the Group transacted with entities classified as related to Hannah Rothschild as a result of her having significant influence over them, a beneficial interest in them, or otherwise in accordance with IAS 24. The Group had cost-sharing arrangements with these related parties covering the provision and receipt of administrative as well as investment advisory, support and supply services. Under these arrangements the Group received \u00a361,757 (2021: \u00a3122,673) and paid \u00a374,077 (2021: \u00a382,996). Certain of these related parties occupy office space in St. James\u2019s Place which is owned or leased by the Group. The rent, rates and services charged by the Group for the year ended 31 December 2022 amounted to \u00a3203,539 (2021: \u00a3270,690). Nothing was owed by the Group to the parties related to Hannah Rothschild at either 31 December 2022 or 31 December 2021. The balance due to the Group from these related parties at 31 December 2022 was \u00a311,693 (2021: \u00a37,663). Other No subscriptions were made to its associate, JRCM (London) LLP in the year (2021: Company \u00a3nil; JRCM management \u00a3nil) and the Company has a remaining commitment of \u00a350,000 (2021: \u00a350,000). Group undertakings JRCM acts as the Company\u2019s manager, administrator and corporate secretary. During the year ended 31 December 2022, the charge for these services from JRCM to the Company amounted to \u00a349.7 million (2021: \u00a371.5 million). JRCM incurred rent charges of \u00a3580,000 (2021: \u00a3580,000) from the Company. During the year Spencer House Limited (also a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company) earned property management revenues of \u00a398,827 from JRCM (2021: \u00a374,961) and \u00a31,597,394 from the Company (2021: \u00a31,671,731). Amounts due from subsidiaries and to subsidiaries are disclosed on the face of the Group\u2019s balance sheet. The balances outstanding at the year ends are show below: \u00a3 million Amounts owed by/(to) Group undertakings 2022 2021 RIT Investments US, Inc 4.5 3.7 RIT Investments GP Limited (0.1) \u2013 Total 4.4 3.7 \u00a3 million Amounts owed by/(to) Company undertakings 2022 2021 RIT Investments US, Inc 4.5 3.7 JRCM (94.7) (128.8) Total (90.2) (125.1) RITCP Pension and Life Assurance Scheme The Group\u2019s pension scheme is deemed to be a related party of the Company pursuant to IAS 24. Details of the pension contributions made during the year are disclosed in Note 11. There were no amounts owing to or by the pension scheme to the Company, or any subsidiary, at 31 December 2022 (2021: \u00a3nil). Directors and key management personnel Details of the remuneration and benefits attributable to Directors and key management personnel are set out below. \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Short-term employee benefits 4.1 14.6 Share-based payment 16.0 16.2 Total 20.1 30.8 The Group has no ultimate controlling party ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfTransactionsBetweenRelatedPartiesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-439": {
   "value": "18. Borrowings \u00a3 million Group and Company 2022 2021 Unsecured loans payable within one year:    Revolving credit facilities 236.2 240.0 Unsecured loans payable in more than one year:    Fixed rate loan notes 134.4 168.9 Total borrowings 370.6 408.9 At 31 December 2022 the Company had three revolving credit facilities (RCFs): an \u00a385 million three-year facility with BNP Paribas SA agreed in December 2022, a \u00a3150 million five-year facility with Commonwealth Bank of Australia agreed in December 2018 and a \u00a3100 million three-year facility with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China agreed in December 2022. These are flexible as to currency, duration and number of drawdowns, and bear interest linked to SONIA, LIBOR or equivalent relevant to the period and currency drawn. As they are drawn in tranches with tenors less than one year they are classified as current liabilities. The fair value and par value of the drawn borrowings at the year end was \u00a3236.2 million (2021: \u00a3240.0 million). A change in interest rates is not expected to have a significant impact on the fair value of the RCFs. No bank loans are held within subsidiaries. The weighted average interest rate on drawn down RCFs at the year end was 5.85% (2021: 1.69%). On 1 June 2015 the Company issued \u00a3151.0 million of fixed rate loan notes with tenors between 10 and 20 years and coupons from 3.00% to 3.56%. These Notes are held at fair value and pay interest on a semi-annual basis. The fair value of this debt at the end of the year was \u00a3134.4 million (2021: \u00a3168.9 million) calculated using a discount rate of 5.24% (2021: 2.04%). A 5% increase/decrease in the underlying discount rate would result in an increase/decrease in net assets of approximately \u00a32.3 million (2021: \u00a31.4 million) or 0.06% (2021: 0.03%). The weighted average interest rate payable on these Notes is 3.45% and their remaining weighted average tenor is 8.2 years. The overall weighted average interest rate on drawn borrowings at the year end was 4.93% (2021: 2.38%). ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfBorrowingsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-440": {
   "value": "19. Other payables \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Accruals  14.5 5.3 28.3 3.5 Other creditors 24.9 24.7 40.6 40.4 Purchases for future settlement 24.1 24.1 99.9 99.9 Total 63.5 54.1 168.8 143.8 The carrying value of the Group\u2019s other payables approximates their fair value, due to their short-term nature. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfTradeAndOtherPayablesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-441": {
   "value": "20. Share capital \u00a3 million Shares in issue 2022 Nominal value of total shares in issue 2021 Nominal value of total shares in issue Allotted, issued and fully paid: At 1 January 156,848,065 156.8 156.8 At 31 December 156,848,065 156.8 156.8 The Company has one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income. The share capital is not distributable. In 2022, 514,634 shares were bought back at a cost of \u00a311. 0  million and held in treasury (2021: 59,189 shares at a cost of \u00a31.4 million) meaning at 31 December 2022, 689,863 shares were held in treasury (2021:175,229 shares). 21. Share premium \u00a3 million 2022 2021 At 1 January 45.7 45.7 At 31 December 45.7 45.7 The share premium is not distributable. 22. Capital redemption reserve \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.3 At 31 December 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.3 The capital redemption reserve is not distributable and represents the cumulative nominal value of shares acquired for cancellation. 23. Own shares reserve \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Opening cost (23.0) (15.3) Own shares acquired (40.4) (21.0) Own shares transferred 1 7. 1 13.3 Closing cost (46.3) (23.0) The Group has established an Employee Benefit Trust (EBT) which purchases shares in order to meet the anticipated value of equity-settled, share-based awards. At the year end, the EBT held 1,988,580 shares with a cost of \u00a346.3 million and market value of \u00a342.3 million (2021: 932,403 shares, cost \u00a323.0 million, market value \u00a325.6 million). The own shares reserve is not distributable. 25. Capital reserve \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year 4,174.4 4,203.4 3,350.1 3,380.8 Gains/(loss) for the year (535.3) (535.3) 919.8 919.7 Dividend paid (57.6) (57.6) (55.0) (55.0) Other capital items (32.6) (31.9) (38.0) (42.1) Taxation \u2013 \u2013 (2.5) \u2013 Total capital return (625.5) (624.8) 824.3 822.6 Balance at end of year 3,548.9 3,578.6 4,174.4 4,203.4 The Company\u2019s Articles of Association allow distribution by dividends of realised capital reserves. \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Capital reserve:    in respect of investments realised 2,542.3 2,854.1    in respect of investments held 1,036.3 1,349.3 Balance at end of year 3,578.6 4,203.4 26. Revenue reserve \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year (11.4) (176.1) 5.1 (136.8) Loss for the year (14.3) (33.4) (17.3) (39.3) Actuarial gain/(loss) (4.5) \u2013 1. 9 \u2013 Deferred tax (charge)/credit 1. 1 \u2013 (1.1) \u2013 Balance at end of year (29.1) (209.5) (11.4) (176.1) As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company has not published a separate income statement or statement of comprehensive income. The Company\u2019s revenue loss after tax amounted to \u00a333.4 million (2021: loss \u00a339.3 million). The Company\u2019s total comprehensive expense for the year was \u00a3591. 7  million (2021: \u00a3839.5 million profit). 27. Revaluation reserve \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year 11. 5 11. 5 11. 7 11. 7 Revaluation gain/(loss) on property, plant and equipment (2.1) (2.1) (0.2) (0.2) Balance at end of year 9.4 9.4 11. 5 11.5 The revaluation reserve is not distributable",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfShareCapitalReservesAndOtherEquityInterestExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-460": {
   "value": "20. Share capital \u00a3 million Shares in issue 2022 Nominal value of total shares in issue 2021 Nominal value of total shares in issue Allotted, issued and fully paid: At 1 January 156,848,065 156.8 156.8 At 31 December 156,848,065 156.8 156.8 The Company has one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income. The share capital is not distributable. In 2022, 514,634 shares were bought back at a cost of \u00a311. 0  million and held in treasury (2021: 59,189 shares at a cost of \u00a31.4 million) meaning at 31 December 2022, 689,863 shares were held in treasury (2021:175,229 shares). 21. Share premium \u00a3 million 2022 2021 At 1 January 45.7 45.7 At 31 December 45.7 45.7 The share premium is not distributable. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfIssuedCapitalExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-462": {
   "value": "22. Capital redemption reserve \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.3 At 31 December 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.3 The capital redemption reserve is not distributable and represents the cumulative nominal value of shares acquired for cancellation. 25. Capital reserve \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year 4,174.4 4,203.4 3,350.1 3,380.8 Gains/(loss) for the year (535.3) (535.3) 919.8 919.7 Dividend paid (57.6) (57.6) (55.0) (55.0) Other capital items (32.6) (31.9) (38.0) (42.1) Taxation \u2013 \u2013 (2.5) \u2013 Total capital return (625.5) (624.8) 824.3 822.6 Balance at end of year 3,548.9 3,578.6 4,174.4 4,203.4 The Company\u2019s Articles of Association allow distribution by dividends of realised capital reserves. \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Capital reserve:    in respect of investments realised 2,542.3 2,854.1    in respect of investments held 1,036.3 1,349.3 Balance at end of year 3,578.6 4,203.4 26. Revenue reserve \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year (11.4) (176.1) 5.1 (136.8) Loss for the year (14.3) (33.4) (17.3) (39.3) Actuarial gain/(loss) (4.5) \u2013 1. 9 \u2013 Deferred tax (charge)/credit 1. 1 \u2013 (1.1) \u2013 Balance at end of year (29.1) (209.5) (11.4) (176.1) As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company has not published a separate income statement or statement of comprehensive income. The Company\u2019s revenue loss after tax amounted to \u00a333.4 million (2021: loss \u00a339.3 million). The Company\u2019s total comprehensive expense for the year was \u00a3591. 7  million (2021: \u00a3839.5 million profit). 27. Revaluation reserve \u00a3 million 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 Group Company Group Company Balance at start of year 11. 5 11. 5 11. 7 11. 7 Revaluation gain/(loss) on property, plant and equipment (2.1) (2.1) (0.2) (0.2) Balance at end of year 9.4 9.4 11. 5 11.5 The revaluation reserve is not distributable. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfReservesAndOtherEquityInterestExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-461": {
   "value": "23. Own shares reserve \u00a3 million 2022 2021 Opening cost (23.0) (15.3) Own shares acquired (40.4) (21.0) Own shares transferred 1 7. 1 13.3 Closing cost (46.3) (23.0) The Group has established an Employee Benefit Trust (EBT) which purchases shares in order to meet the anticipated value of equity-settled, share-based awards. At the year end, the EBT held 1,988,580 shares with a cost of \u00a346.3 million and market value of \u00a342.3 million (2021: 932,403 shares, cost \u00a323.0 million, market value \u00a325.6 million). The own shares reserve is not distributable. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfTreasurySharesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-442": {
   "value": "24. Share-based payments The Group utilises share-based awards for employees, the vast majority of which are equity-settled, and designed to align the interests of employees with those of shareholders. Restricted share units (RSUs) were awarded to employees during the year. These are commonly used long-term incentive awards that comprise awards of shares made to employees that will vest after a three-year service period and then are typically subject to a further two-year holding period. There are also a small number of legacy share appreciation rights (SARs) remaining which vest based on market-based performance conditions and subject to continued service. These are no longer awarded to employees since the conversion to RSUs was made in 2021. In addition, 60% of annual bonuses over \u00a3150,000 (for JRCM directors) or \u00a3250,000 (for other employees) are made in deferred shares which vest over three years (based on a service condition). The total expense for share-based awards, including related social security costs, recognised in the consolidated income statement was \u00a320.3 million (2021: \u00a320.4 million) of which \u00a30.1 million related to SARs, \u00a39.9 million to RSUs, and \u00a310.3 million to deferred shares. The movement in share-based awards is as follows: Number (thousand) 2022 2021 Outstanding at the start of the year:    SARs/performance shares 342 4,217  RSUs 1,397 \u2013  Deferred shares 841 488   Total 2,580 4,705 Granted during the year:  RSUs 352 493  Deferred shares 553 554   Total 905 1,047 Conversion during the year:    SARs/performance shares (surrendered) \u2013 (3,505)  RSUs (replacement) \u2013 1,151   Total \u2013 (2,354) Exercised/vested during the year:    SARs/performance shares (3) (263)  RSUs (256) (246)  Deferred shares (406) (201)   Total (665) (710) Lapsed/forfeited during the year:    SARs/performance shares (24) (107)  RSUs (10) (1)  Deferred shares \u2013 \u2013   Total (34) (108) Outstanding at the end of the year:  SARs 315 342  RSUs 1,483 1,397  Deferred shares 988 841   Total 2,786 2,580 SARs exercisable at year end 122 53 Intrinsic value of SARs exercisable at year end (\u00a3 million) 0.1 0.4 For share-based awards granted during the year, the weighted average fair value of each award was 2,470 pence (2021: 2,230 pence). Share-based awards with only service conditions attached (deferred shares and RSUs) were valued using the prevailing market price and a lock-up discount factor as applicable. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfSharebasedPaymentArrangementsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-443": {
   "value": "28.  Net asset value per ordinary share \u2013  basic and diluted Net asset value per ordinary share is based on the following data: 31 December 2022 2021 Net assets (\u00a3 million) 3,721.7 4,390.3 Number of shares in issue (million) 156.8 156.8 Shares held in EBT (million) (2.0) (0.9) Shares held in treasury (million) (0.7) (0.2) Basic shares (million) 154.1 155.7 Effect of share-based payment awards (million) 1.7 1. 4 Diluted shares (million) 155.8 157.1 31 December 2022 pence 2021 pence Net asset value per ordinary share \u2013  basic 2,414 2,819 Net asset value per ordinary share \u2013 diluted 2,388 2,794 ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfNetAssetValueAttributableToUnitholdersExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-444": {
   "value": "29. Investments in subsidiary undertakings \u00a3 million  Carrying value at 1 January 2022 107.5 Additions 2.5 Disposals \u2013 Fair value movements in year (2.8) Carrying value at 31 December 2022 107.2 \u00a3 million  Carrying value at 1 January 2021 75.6 Additions 3.1 Disposals \u2013 Fair value movements in year 28.8 Carrying value at 31 December 2021 107.5 Investments in subsidiary undertakings are stated at cost or fair value where appropriate. At 31 December 2022 the Company held investments in the following subsidiaries, which, unless otherwise stated, are wholly- owned, share the same accounting reference date as the Company and operate principally in their country of incorporation. The voting share capital, unless otherwise stated, is held directly by the Company. In accordance with IFRS 10 the subsidiary below is consolidated by the Group and held by the Company at cost: Name Issued share capital JRCM 1 \u00a36,250,001 divided into 6,250,000 ordinary shares of \u00a31 each and one special share of \u00a31 which provides rights over the use of the \u201cJ. Rothschild\u201d name. 1   Registered office and principal place of business: 27 St. James\u2019s Place, London SW1A 1NR. I n accordance with IFRS 10 the Company and Group holds the following subsidiaries at fair value at 31 December 2022: Name Principal place of business Ownership interest Spencer House Limited 1,5 England 100% RIT US Value Partnership LP 1,6 England 100% RIT Investments GP Limited 2,3,5 Scotland  100% J. Rothschild Capital Management US Inc 4,5 United States  100% RIT Investments US Inc 3,4,5 United States  100% RIT US Holdings LLP 3,4,6 United States  100% 1   Registered office and principal place of business: 27 St. James\u2019s Place, London SW1A 1NR. 2   Registered office and principal place of business: 50 Lothian Road, Edinburgh EH3 9WJ. 3  Held indirectly. 4  Registered office: 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, Delaware 19808, USA. 5  Ownership interest is ordinary shares. 6  Ownership interest is partnership capital. For all of the above the proportion of voting rights held is equivalent to the ownership interest. There are no significant restrictions arising from any contractual arrangements or regulatory requirements that would affect the ability of any of the above entities to transfer funds to or repay loans made by the Company. There are no other current commitments or contractual arrangements to provide financial support to any of the entities above other than in the normal course of business (e.g. funding of investment transactions/capital calls). The Company has not assisted any of the above entities in obtaining financial support in any way over the year. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfInvestmentsOtherThanInvestmentsAccountedForUsingEquityMethodExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-463": {
   "value": "29. Investments in subsidiary undertakings \u00a3 million  Carrying value at 1 January 2022 107.5 Additions 2.5 Disposals \u2013 Fair value movements in year (2.8) Carrying value at 31 December 2022 107.2 \u00a3 million  Carrying value at 1 January 2021 75.6 Additions 3.1 Disposals \u2013 Fair value movements in year 28.8 Carrying value at 31 December 2021 107.5 Investments in subsidiary undertakings are stated at cost or fair value where appropriate. At 31 December 2022 the Company held investments in the following subsidiaries, which, unless otherwise stated, are wholly- owned, share the same accounting reference date as the Company and operate principally in their country of incorporation. The voting share capital, unless otherwise stated, is held directly by the Company. In accordance with IFRS 10 the subsidiary below is consolidated by the Group and held by the Company at cost: Name Issued share capital JRCM 1 \u00a36,250,001 divided into 6,250,000 ordinary shares of \u00a31 each and one special share of \u00a31 which provides rights over the use of the \u201cJ. Rothschild\u201d name. 1   Registered office and principal place of business: 27 St. James\u2019s Place, London SW1A 1NR. n accordance with IFRS 10 the Company and Group holds the following subsidiaries at fair value at 31 December 2022: Name Principal place of business Ownership interest Spencer House Limited 1,5 England 100% RIT US Value Partnership LP 1,6 England 100% RIT Investments GP Limited 2,3,5 Scotland  100% J. Rothschild Capital Management US Inc 4,5 United States  100% RIT Investments US Inc 3,4,5 United States  100% RIT US Holdings LLP 3,4,6 United States  100% 1   Registered office and principal place of business: 27 St. James\u2019s Place, London SW1A 1NR. 2   Registered office and principal place of business: 50 Lothian Road, Edinburgh EH3 9WJ. 3  Held indirectly. 4  Registered office: 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, Delaware 19808, USA. 5  Ownership interest is ordinary shares. 6  Ownership interest is partnership capital. For all of the above the proportion of voting rights held is equivalent to the ownership interest. There are no significant restrictions arising from any contractual arrangements or regulatory requirements that would affect the ability of any of the above entities to transfer funds to or repay loans made by the Company. There are no other current commitments or contractual arrangements to provide financial support to any of the entities above other than in the normal course of business (e.g. funding of investment transactions/capital calls). The Company has not assisted any of the above entities in obtaining financial support in any way over the year. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfSignificantInvestmentsInSubsidiariesExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-445": {
   "value": "30. Dividends 2022 Pence per share 2021 Pence per share 2022 \u00a3 million 2021 \u00a3 million Dividends paid in year 37.0 35.25 57.6 55.0 The above amounts were paid as distributions to equity holders of the Company in the relevant year from accumulated capital profits. On 28 February 2022 the Board declared a first interim dividend of 18.5 pence per share in respect of the year ended 31 December 2022 that was paid on 29 April 2022. A second interim dividend of 18.5 pence per share was declared by the Board on 1 August 2022 and paid on 28 October 2022. The Board declares the payment of a first interim dividend of 19 pence per share in respect of the year ending 31 December 2023. This will be paid on 28 April 2023 to shareholders on the register on 11 April 2023, and funded from the accumulated capital profits. ",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfDividendsExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-446": {
   "value": "31.  Reconciliation of profit/(loss) before finance costs and taxation to net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities before taxation and interest \u00a3 million Group 2022 2021 Profit/(loss) before dividend and interest income, finance costs and taxation  (569.2) 871.2 Dividend income 7. 2 8.5 Interest income 9.8 2.2 Profit/(loss) before finance costs and taxation (552.2) 881.9 (Increase)/decrease in other receivables 1 7. 5 (157.5) Increase/(decrease) in other payables (105.3) 105.3 Other movements 1 35.7 12.7 (Gains)/losses on borrowings (34.5) (12.6) Unrealised foreign exchange (gains)/losses on repayments and drawings of borrowings (5.2) 3.7 Purchase of investments held at fair value (886.3) (1,351.6) Sale of investments held at fair value 1,395.6 1,397.5 (Gains)/losses on fair value investments 192.4 (807.6) Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities before taxation and interest 5 7. 7 71.8 \u00a3 million Company 2022 2021 Profit/(loss) before dividend and interest income, finance costs and taxation  (581.6) 849.0 Dividend income 7. 2 8.5 Interest income 9.8 2.2 Profit/(loss) before finance costs and taxation (564.6) 859.7 (Increase)/decrease in other receivables 1 7. 5 (157.5) Increase/(decrease) in other payables (89.7) 100.4 Other movements 1 (20.0) 34.9 (Gains)/losses on borrowings (34.5) (12.6) Unrealised foreign exchange (gains)/losses on repayments and drawings of borrowings (5.2) 3.7 Purchase of investments held at fair value (883.8) (1,348.5) Sale of investments held at fair value 1,395.6 1,405.6 (Gains)/losses on fair value investments 192.4 (807.6) Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities before taxation and interest 7. 7 78.1 1  Prior year realised foreign exchange (gains)/losses on repayments and drawings of borrowings of \u00a30.6m have been re-presented within Other movements. Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities: \u00a3 million 2021 Non-cash changes in fair value 1 Net (drawdowns)/ repayments 2022 Borrowings \u2013 current (240.0) (32.4) 36.2 (236.2) Borrowings \u2013 non-current (168.9) 34.5 \u2013 (134.4) Total (408.9) 2.1 36.2 (370.6) 1 Including currency translation",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfCashFlowStatementExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-464": {
   "value": "<div class=\"t m0 h6 ff3c fs3 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:728.56146px;\">32. Ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>terial in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>lated undertakings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:711.2265px;\">F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information regarding in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn here.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:690.20807px;\">Disclosed below are the ten largest in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:676.5633px;\">(ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cluding inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in non-consolidated subsidiaries) shown at </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:662.91846px;\">fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:642.6438px;\">As at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7c\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:628.2147px;\">Attestor V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>48.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:613.7847px;\">HCIF Offshore<span class=\"_ _1e7\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:599.35474px;\">3D Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1e8\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>30.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:584.92474px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>residor Credit Opportunities<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>08.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7f\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:570.4947px;\">BlackRock Strategic Equity<span class=\"_ _cf\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">97<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:556.0647px;\">ARCM IV<span class=\"_ _fa\"> </span>95.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:541.6347px;\">Springs Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1e9\"> </span>92.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:527.2047px;\">Motive<span class=\"_ _1ea\"> </span>76.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:512.7747px;\">RIT US <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>alue Partnership<span class=\"_ _1eb\"> </span>72.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:498.34473px;\">Caxton Dynamis<span class=\"_ _140\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">7<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:483.91473px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1ec\"> </span>1,023.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:459.65137px;\">As at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:445.2224px;\">Coupang<span class=\"_ _1ed\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>88.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:430.79242px;\">Eisler Capital<span class=\"_ _52\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>63.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7f\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:416.36243px;\">BlackRock Strategic Equity<span class=\"_ _d8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">143.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:401.93243px;\">Springs Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1db\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws7c\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:387.50244px;\">Attestor V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>30.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:373.07242px;\">HCIF Offshore<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span>127<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:358.64243px;\">W<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard Fer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ry A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sian Smaller Companies<span class=\"_ _19d\"> </span>93.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:344.21243px;\">Iconiq <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic Partners III<span class=\"_ _1ee\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:329.78244px;\">NE F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (previously Lansdo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wne New Energy)<span class=\"_ _1a0\"> </span>80.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws8e\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:315.35242px;\">Sand <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>Grove T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>actical<span class=\"_ _1ef\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">76.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5e ff3e fs1e fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:300.92242px;\">T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1ec\"> </span>1,224.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:275.90158px;\">F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther to the disclosures in Note 29 (Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in subsidiary </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:262.25677px;\">undertakings), the table on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing page sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws a list of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:248.612px;\">significant related undertakings of the Group as at 31 December </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:234.9672px;\">2022. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments shown the principal place of business </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:221.32239px;\">is considered to be the place of registration and the proportion <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:207.67758px;\">voting rights held is considered to be the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ownership interest. </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:186.65918px;\">The Directors do not consider that an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:173.01437px;\">shown in the table <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing page fall within the definition </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:159.3696px;\">of an associated company (aside from the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities noted below the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:145.7248px;\">table) as the Group does not e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xercise significant influence <span class=\"_ _1\"/>over their </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:132.07999px;\">operating and financial policies as it is a passive in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestor<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:111.061584px;\">In a number of cases the Group <span class=\"_ _1\"/>owns more than 50% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a particular </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:97.416794px;\">class of shares <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership interest. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group does not consider </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:83.77199px;\">these holdings, although greater than 50%, provide control <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:70.12718px;\">inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estee entities concerned as firstly the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s position as a </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:56.48239px;\">passive in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestor in these <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities acts as a substantive barrier to its </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:42.837585px;\">ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ercising any po<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wer o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee and secondly the nature <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:29.192795px;\">the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s holding does not give it the ability to direct the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:15.547989px;\">activities of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee because it does not control <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or participate in </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:1.9031906px;\">the gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erning bodies of these <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h9 ff3e fs4 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:732.4616px;\">Unconsolidated str<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uctur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed entities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:718.8168px;\">The Group holds interests in closed-ended limited partnerships </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:705.172px;\">which inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est in underlying companies or securities f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:691.52716px;\">purposes of capital appreciation. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The Group, alongside the other </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:677.8824px;\">limited partners, makes commitments to finance the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:664.2376px;\">programme of the rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant GP <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, who ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y draw do<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:650.5928px;\">this committed amount either upfront <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver a period of <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:636.948px;\">table below sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s carrying value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of such investments </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:623.30316px;\">and represents the maximum e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to loss based on the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:609.6584px;\">contributions to date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:589.2604px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1f0\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:333.86444px; bottom:574.36066px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1e ff3d fsb fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:355.31406px; bottom:577.82385px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5d ff3d fs1e fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:566.62946px; bottom:574.36066px;\">2,034<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>2,590<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:561.68097px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:331.9788px; bottom:558.6507px;\"> <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Included within Investments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:537.6306px;\">The list <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of significant related undertakings on page 86 is pursuant to </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:523.9858px;\">the requirements of Companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Act 2006, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statutory Instrument 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:510.341px;\">No. 980 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Companies, Partnerships and Groups (A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ccounts and </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:496.69617px;\">Reports) R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>egulations 20<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5, IFR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S and the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SORP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws3\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:482.313px;\">Disclosed on page <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">86 for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ended 31 December 2022 are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:464.9762px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Entities classified as significant holdings (20% or greater interest </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:451.33136px;\">in a class of shares <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership);<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws79\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:433.99457px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Material investee undertakings in which the Group had an interest </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:420.3498px;\">of o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver 3% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the allotted shares of any class; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:403.013px;\">\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Material investment funds in which the Group had an interest <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of </div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:345.22748px; bottom:389.3682px;\">1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% or more in any class of share <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or unit.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h7 ff3d fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:329.75385px; bottom:368.3498px;\">All the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in the table on page 86 are held at FVPL.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div>Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment name<span class=\"_ _1d0\"> </span><span class=\"ws7d\">Place of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>registration<span class=\"_ _fb\"> </span></span>Registered address<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> \u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> interest<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>992 Co-Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est (Offshore) LP<span class=\"_ _ca\"> </span>Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>26.6<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>49.7%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Blumberg Capital I LP<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>Delaware, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>580 How<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard Street, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Suite 40<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1, San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>05<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>5.4<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>56.1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BX-B Ribbit Opportunity IV<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, LLC<span class=\"_ _1f1\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>209 Orange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ilmington, Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>980<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.8<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>22.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BX-C Ribbit Opportunity IV<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, LLC<span class=\"_ _1f1\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>209 Orange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ilmington, Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>980<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>29.2%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Clay P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oint In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestors <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SPV 9, LP<span class=\"_ _9d\"> </span>Delaware, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>651 N. Broad <span class=\"_ _1\"/>St., Suite 206, Middleto<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>9709<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>4.1<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>58.1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Darwin Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate Equity I LP<span class=\"_ _35\"> </span>Scotland<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>50 L<span class=\"_ _1\"/>othian Road, F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estival <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Square, Edinburgh EH3 9WJ<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.8<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>23.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Firebird New R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ussia F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Ltd, Class A1<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>PO Box 897<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Windward 1, Grand Cayman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>03<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>25.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortress Credit Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (C) LP<span class=\"_ _ff\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _128\"> </span>Maples Corporate <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Services Limited, P<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.O. B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ox 309, Ugland House,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04, Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">33.3%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>ICQ Holdings 6 LLC<span class=\"_ _1f2\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>271<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1 Centerville R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oad, Suite 400, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Wilmington, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9808<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>39.7<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>00.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Infinity SDC <span class=\"_ _0\"/>Ltd<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>England <span class=\"_ _18\"/>&amp; Wales<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">500-60<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Witan Gate <span class=\"_ _2\"/>West, Milton Ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ynes MK9 1SH<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.8<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>23.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>JRCM (L<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ondon) LLP<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>England <span class=\"_ _18\"/>&amp; Wales<span class=\"_ _d1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">27 St J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Place, London <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SW1A 1NR<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>50.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Lansdowne NE F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und, Unhedged Non-R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estricted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> absolute shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _b4\"> </span>32 Molesworth <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, Dublin 2<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">7<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>50.4%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Media <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>echnology <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>entures IV LP<span class=\"_ _1f4\"> </span>California, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>185 B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erry <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, Suite 3600, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>07<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>38.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RR Capital Partners LP<span class=\"_ _82\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _1dd\"> </span>One Maritime Plaza, Suite 21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>20.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sand Grov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>actical F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>und LP<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>63.1<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sand Grov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e UK <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>actical P<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ortfolio<span class=\"_ _b6\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>46.5<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Springs Global <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic Partners F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und \u2013 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Anchor<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> Class<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _1f5\"> </span>2nd Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, 2 Custom House Plaza, Harbourmaster Place, Dublin 1<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span></span>30.2%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Springs Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und LP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, Series <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>4th Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Willow House, Crick<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et Square, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-90<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>92.7<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>53.8%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>residor Credit Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und<span class=\"_ _1cd\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _1f5\"> </span>2nd Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, 2 Custom House Plaza, Harbourmaster Place, Dublin 1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>81<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ribeca Global Natural Resources F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eeder F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> Class A P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>articipating <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Shares Unrestricted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>27 Hospital Road, George <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-9008<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span></span>62.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Xander <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Seleucus II LP<span class=\"_ _1f6\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _100\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span>41<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Xander Seleucus <span class=\"_ _0\"/>LP<span class=\"_ _19f\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>43.3%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Xander <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Seleucus Retail LP<span class=\"_ _1ab\"> </span>Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman Islands<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>48.8%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _18\"/> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Directors consider these entities, in which the Group holds ordinary shares, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or limited partnership interests, as associated companies as the Group has<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> significant influence due to circumstances particular to the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group has chosen to account for associated companies held f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or investment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> purposes at FVPL in accordance with IAS 28 In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Associates and Joint <span class=\"_ _2\"/>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>entures and IFRS 9 Financial Instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments.",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfRelatedPartyExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-447": {
   "value": "32. Ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>terial in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestmen<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ts and re<span class=\"_ _1\"/>lated undertakings<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther information regarding in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments is sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn here.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Disclosed below are the ten largest in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio (ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>cluding inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in non-consolidated subsidiaries) shown at fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2022<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Attestor V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>48.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>HCIF Offshore<span class=\"_ _1e7\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>31<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>3D Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1e8\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>30.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>residor Credit Opportunities<span class=\"_ _d9\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>08.0<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BlackRock Strategic Equity<span class=\"_ _cf\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">97<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>ARCM IV<span class=\"_ _fa\"> </span>95.6<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Springs Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1e9\"> </span>92.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Motive<span class=\"_ _1ea\"> </span>76.2<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>RIT US <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>alue Partnership<span class=\"_ _1eb\"> </span>72.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Caxton Dynamis<span class=\"_ _140\"> </span><span class=\"ls51 ws73\">7<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1ec\"> </span>1,023.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>As at 31 December 2021<span class=\"_ _1d6\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Coupang<span class=\"_ _1ed\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>88.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Eisler Capital<span class=\"_ _52\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>63.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>BlackRock Strategic Equity<span class=\"_ _d8\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">143.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>Springs Opportunities<span class=\"_ _1db\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>31<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Attestor V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>30.8<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>HCIF Offshore<span class=\"_ _1e6\"> </span>127<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>W<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard Fer<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ry A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>sian Smaller Companies<span class=\"_ _19d\"> </span>93.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Iconiq <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic Partners III<span class=\"_ _1ee\"> </span>87<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>.5<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>NE F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (previously Lansdo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wne New Energy)<span class=\"_ _1a0\"> </span>80.7<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Sand <span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>Grove T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>actical<span class=\"_ _1ef\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">76.1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>T<span class=\"_ _1b\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _1ec\"> </span>1,224.4<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>urther to the disclosures in Note 29 (Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in subsidiary undertakings), the table on the f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ollowing page sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws a list of significant related undertakings of the Group as at 31 December 2022. F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments shown the principal place of business is considered to be the place of registration and the proportion <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of voting rights held is considered to be the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ownership interest. The Directors do not consider that an<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y of the portf<span class=\"_ _1\"/>olio investments shown in the table <span class=\"_ _1\"/>on the follo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wing page fall within the definition of an associated company (aside from the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities noted below the table) as the Group does not e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xercise significant influence <span class=\"_ _1\"/>over their operating and financial policies as it is a passive in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestor<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>In a number of cases the Group <span class=\"_ _1\"/>owns more than 50% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of a particular class of shares <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership interest. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group does not consider these holdings, although greater than 50%, provide control <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estee entities concerned as firstly the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s position as a passive in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestor in these <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities acts as a substantive barrier to its ex<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ercising any po<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wer o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee and secondly the nature <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s holding does not give it the ability to direct the relev<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ant activities of the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestee because it does not control <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or participate in the gov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erning bodies of these <span class=\"_ _1\"/>entities.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Unconsolidated str<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uctur<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ed entities<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The Group holds interests in closed-ended limited partnerships which inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est in underlying companies or securities f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or the purposes of capital appreciation. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The Group, alongside the other limited partners, makes commitments to finance the in<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestment programme of the rele<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vant GP <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or manager<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, who ma<span class=\"_ _1\"/>y draw do<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn this committed amount either upfront <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver a period of <span class=\"_ _2\"/>years. <span class=\"_ _1b\"/>The table below sho<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ws the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s carrying value <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of such investments and represents the maximum e<span class=\"_ _1\"/>xposure to loss based on the Group\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s contributions to date.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _1f0\"> </span>2022<span class=\"_ _17b\"> </span>2021<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>otal<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>2,034<span class=\"_ _13d\"> </span>2,590<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>1 <span class=\"_ _4b\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>Included within Investments held at f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>air value.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>The list <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of significant related undertakings on page 86 is pursuant to the requirements of Companies <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Act 2006, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Statutory Instrument 20<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5 No. 980 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Companies, Partnerships and Groups (A<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ccounts and Reports) R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>egulations 20<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>5, IFR<span class=\"_ _1\"/>S and the <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SORP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>Disclosed on page <span class=\"_ _0\"/><span class=\"ws0\">86 for the <span class=\"_ _2\"/>year <span class=\"_ _1\"/>ended 31 December 2022 are:<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Entities classified as significant holdings (20% or greater interest in a class of shares <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or partnership);<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Material investee undertakings in which the Group had an interest of o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ver 3% <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of the allotted shares of any class; and<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>\u2022 <span class=\"_ _18f\"> </span> <span class=\"_ _4e\"/>Material investment funds in which the Group had an interest <span class=\"_ _1\"/>of 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0% or more in any class of share <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or unit.<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span>All the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estments in the table on page 86 are held at FVPL<div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:382.46277px;\">Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment name<span class=\"_ _1d0\"> </span><span class=\"ws7d\">Place of <span class=\"_ _0\"/>registration<span class=\"_ _fb\"> </span></span>Registered address<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:572.425px; bottom:393.51538px;\">Fair v<span class=\"_ _1\"/>alue<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:576.31354px; bottom:382.46277px;\">\u00a3 million<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:640.1187px; bottom:393.51538px;\">%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 h5c ff3d fs1d fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:619.32245px; bottom:382.46277px;\">interest<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:368.50433px;\">1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>992 Co-Inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>est (Offshore) LP<span class=\"_ _ca\"> </span>Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>26.6<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>49.7%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:356.3922px;\">Blumberg Capital I LP<span class=\"_ _c6\"> </span>Delaware, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span>580 How<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ard Street, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Suite 40<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1, San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>05<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>5.4<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>56.1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:344.2801px;\">BX-B Ribbit Opportunity IV<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, LLC<span class=\"_ _1f1\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>209 Orange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ilmington, Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>980<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>6.8<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>22.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:332.16803px;\">BX-C Ribbit Opportunity IV<span class=\"_ _2\"/>, LLC<span class=\"_ _1f1\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _b0\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>209 Orange <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>W<span class=\"_ _0\"/>ilmington, Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>980<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>29.2%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:320.0559px;\">Clay P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oint In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestors <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SPV 9, LP<span class=\"_ _9d\"> </span>Delaware, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _145\"> </span>651 N. Broad <span class=\"_ _1\"/>St., Suite 206, Middleto<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>9709<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>4.1<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>58.1%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:307.9438px;\">Darwin Priv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ate Equity I LP<span class=\"_ _35\"> </span>Scotland<span class=\"_ _12b\"> </span>50 L<span class=\"_ _1\"/>othian Road, F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estival <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Square, Edinburgh EH3 9WJ<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.8<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>23.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:295.83173px;\">Firebird New R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ussia F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und Ltd, Class A1<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _1a9\"> </span>PO Box 897<span class=\"_ _4a\"/>, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Windward 1, Grand Cayman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>03<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>8<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>25.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:283.7196px;\">F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ortress Credit Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und (C) LP<span class=\"_ _ff\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _128\"> </span>Maples Corporate <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Services Limited, P<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>.O. B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ox 309, Ugland House,<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:398.29037px; bottom:273.3183px;\">Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04, Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls5d ws8f\" style=\"left:596.3621px; bottom:283.7196px;\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span><span class=\"ls1 ws0\">33.3%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:261.20618px;\">ICQ Holdings 6 LLC<span class=\"_ _1f2\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _ae\"> </span>271<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1 Centerville R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>oad, Suite 400, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Wilmington, Delaware 1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>9808<span class=\"_ _84\"> </span>39.7<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>00.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws77\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:249.09412px;\">Infinity SDC <span class=\"_ _0\"/>Ltd<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:66.96184px; bottom:252.091px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws90\" style=\"left:227.13885px; bottom:249.06067px;\">England <span class=\"_ _18\"/>&amp; Wales<span class=\"_ _8f\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">500-60<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0 <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Witan Gate <span class=\"_ _2\"/>West, Milton Ke<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ynes MK9 1SH<span class=\"_ _95\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0.8<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>23.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:236.94861px;\">JRCM (L<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ondon) LLP<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:84.76169px; bottom:239.9751px;\">1<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws90\" style=\"left:227.13885px; bottom:236.94482px;\">England <span class=\"_ _18\"/>&amp; Wales<span class=\"_ _d1\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">27 St J<span class=\"_ _1\"/>ames\u2019<span class=\"_ _2\"/>s Place, London <span class=\"_ _1\"/>SW1A 1NR<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>50.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:224.8327px;\">Lansdowne NE F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und, Unhedged Non-R<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estricted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:214.4314px;\">absolute shares<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:267.27832px; bottom:224.8327px;\">Ireland<span class=\"_ _b4\"> </span>32 Molesworth <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, Dublin 2<span class=\"_ _17f\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">7<span class=\"_ _18\"/>1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>50.4%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:202.31934px;\">Media <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>echnology <span class=\"_ _1\"/>V<span class=\"_ _2\"/>entures IV LP<span class=\"_ _1f4\"> </span>California, US<span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span>185 B<span class=\"_ _1\"/>erry <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Street, Suite 3600, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>07<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>3.0<span class=\"_ _10b\"> </span>38.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:190.20721px;\">RR Capital Partners LP<span class=\"_ _82\"> </span>Delaw<span class=\"_ _1\"/>are, USA<span class=\"_ _1dd\"> </span>One Maritime Plaza, Suite 21<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>San F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>rancisco, California 941<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.3<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>20.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:178.09515px;\">Sand Grov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>actical F<span class=\"_ _2\"/>und LP<span class=\"_ _1a1\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>63.1<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:165.98303px;\">Sand Grov<span class=\"_ _1\"/>e UK <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>actical P<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ortfolio<span class=\"_ _b6\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _9f\"> </span>PO Bo<span class=\"_ _1\"/>x 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>46.5<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:153.87091px;\">Springs Global <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Strategic Partners F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und \u2013 <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Anchor<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:143.4696px;\">Class<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:267.27832px; bottom:153.87091px;\">Ireland<span class=\"_ _1f5\"> </span>2nd Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, 2 Custom House Plaza, Harbourmaster Place, Dublin 1<span class=\"_ _f9\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">11.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>2<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span></span>30.2%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:131.35754px;\">Springs Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und LP<span class=\"_ _3b\"/>, Series <span class=\"_ _1\"/>A<span class=\"_ _12f\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>4th Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, <span class=\"_ _2\"/>Willow House, Crick<span class=\"_ _1\"/>et Square, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-90<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>0<span class=\"_ _e\"> </span>92.7<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>53.8%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:119.24542px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>residor Credit Opportunities F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und<span class=\"_ _1cd\"> </span>Ireland<span class=\"_ _1f5\"> </span>2nd Floor<span class=\"_ _1\"/>, 2 Custom House Plaza, Harbourmaster Place, Dublin 1<span class=\"_ _e9\"> </span>81<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9<span class=\"_ _1f3\"> </span>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>0<span class=\"_ _0\"/>0.0%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:107.1333px;\">T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>ribeca Global Natural Resources F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>eeder F<span class=\"_ _1\"/>und<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:96.731995px;\">Class A P<span class=\"_ _1\"/>articipating <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Shares Unrestricted<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:230.54526px; bottom:107.1333px;\">Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _133\"> </span>27 Hospital Road, George <span class=\"_ _2\"/>T<span class=\"_ _2\"/>o<span class=\"_ _1\"/>wn, Grand Cayman, KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-9008<span class=\"_ _fd\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _60\"> </span>0<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span></span>62.5%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:84.619934px;\">Xander <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Seleucus II LP<span class=\"_ _1f6\"> </span>Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _100\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman KY1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>04<span class=\"_ _fe\"> </span>0.5<span class=\"_ _71\"> </span>41<span class=\"_ _2\"/>.9%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws77\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:72.50781px;\">Xander Seleucus <span class=\"_ _0\"/>LP<span class=\"_ _19f\"> </span><span class=\"ws0\">Cayman Islands<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _135\"> </span>0.0<span class=\"_ _51\"> </span>43.3%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></span></div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:3.6900558px; bottom:60.39572px;\">Xander <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Seleucus Retail LP<span class=\"_ _1ab\"> </span>Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman Islands<span class=\"_ _5a\"> </span>PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Ca<span class=\"_ _1\"/>yman KY1<span class=\"_ _1\"/>-1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>1<span class=\"_ _2\"/>04<span class=\"_ _76\"> </span><span class=\"ls5d ws8f\">1.<span class=\"_ _18\"> </span>5<span class=\"_ _6d\"> </span></span>48.8%<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span></div><div class=\"t m0 h1f ff3d fsc fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:0.0050735474px; bottom:28.02884px;\">1</div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:2.3137436px; bottom:24.998535px;\"> <span class=\"_ _18\"/> <span class=\"_ _3b\"/>T<span class=\"_ _1\"/>he Directors consider these entities, in which the Group holds ordinary shares, <span class=\"_ _1\"/>or limited partnership interests, as associated companies as the Group has<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:6.412773px; bottom:13.295959px;\">significant influence due to circumstances particular to the inv<span class=\"_ _1\"/>estment. <span class=\"_ _2\"/>The Group has chosen to account for associated companies held f<span class=\"_ _1\"/>or investment<span class=\"_ _209\"> </span> </div><div class=\"t m0 hc ff3d fs7 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\" style=\"left:6.412773px; bottom:1.5933533px;\">purposes at FVPL in accordance with IAS 28 In<span class=\"_ _1\"/>vestments in <span class=\"_ _1\"/>Associates and Joint <span class=\"_ _2\"/>V<span class=\"_ _1\"/>entures and IFRS 9 Financial Instr<span class=\"_ _1\"/>uments.</div>",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:DisclosureOfInvestmentsAccountedForUsingEquityMethodExplanatory",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  },
  "fact-5": {
   "value": "27 St. James\u2019s Place London SW1A 1NR",
   "dimensions": {
    "concept": "ifrs-full:AddressOfRegisteredOfficeOfEntity",
    "language": "en",
    "entity": "scheme:P31Q1NLTW35JJGHA4667",
    "period": "2022-01-01T00:00:00/2023-01-01T00:00:00"
   }
  }
 }
}