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Board of
Directors
Report
Market outlook 2
Key Events 2
Group performance 3
Financial position
and cashflow 4
Investments 4
Business segment
performance 5
Personnel 7
Information contained
in the notes to the
financial statements 8
Governance 8
Shares and shareholders 9
Remuneration 11
Risks and uncertainties 11
Seasonality 12
Outlook for the financial
year 2026 12
Dividend Policy 13
Board of Directors’ proposal for
profit distribution 13
Sustainability Statement 18
1
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial StatementsBoard of Directors’ Report
Board of Directors’ Report
for the financial year January December 2025
Market outlook
Musti Group operates in the European pet care markets, broadly defined as the sale of pet food,
products, services and veterinary care. In our Nordic core markets Finland, Sweden and Norway, our
core market consisting of pet food and products was estimated by Euromonitor at approximately EUR 2.3
billion in 2024, with Sweden as the largest market (approximately EUR 0.9 billion), followed by Finland
(approximately EUR 0.8 billion) and Norway (approximately EUR 0.6 billion). In late 2024, Musti entered
the Baltic market and in late 2025 Musti Group expanded to Portugal by acquiring the pet retailer ZU.
Pet care market is driven by an underlying long term structural trend called pet parenting,
the tendency of people to treat their pets increasingly like family members. This trend leads to
premiumization and humanization as consumers spend more on higher quality and more premium
nutrition, as well as a more diverse range of products and wider adoption of services.
Key Events
On 13 June 2025 Musti Group announced that Erik Ringen Skjærstad will step down as Head
of Norway and new markets and as a member of the Management Team of Musti Group plc to
pursue career opportunities outside the company. Daniel Pettersson, Country manager Finland and
Sweden, will take responsibility also for Musti Norge and the Baltics. The change is a natural step for
Musti to bring the Nordic and Baltic markets even closer together.
On 28 August 2025 Musti Group announced that João Nonell Günther Amaral resigns as from the
Board of Directors of Musti Group. The Extraordinary General Meeting held on 18 September 2025
elected Eduardo Piedade as a new ordinary member of the Board of Directors.
On 5 December 2025 Musti Group acquired 100% of the shares of Zu, Produtos e Serviços para
Animais, S.A. (“ZU”), a retailer of pet food, accessories and vet services in Portugal, from MCRetail
SGPS (“MC”). With the acquisition of ZU, Musti extends its network to 474 stores, 54 vet clinics, and
196 spas in 7 countries with 22% of sales online. Musti acquires the shares of ZU from MC, a Sonae
Group company. As MC is a part of the Sonae Group, the acquisition is a related party transaction.
The provisional purchase price of the transaction amounting to EUR 12.9 million, was paid in cash at
closing. The final purchase price was determined to be EUR 13.1 million and remaining amount was
paid in January 2026.
Mr Tobias Azevedo, MBA, BSc, the General Manager of ZU, has joined the Musti Management Team
as of 1 January 2026.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 2
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Group key figures
EUR million or as indicated 1–12/2025 10/2023–12/2024
Net sales 508.9 560.6
Net sales growth, % 14.4% 31.7%
LFL sales growth, % 3.3% 1.1%
LFL store sales growth, % 3.2% -1.6%
Online share, % 22.9% 24.3%
Gross margin, % 44.0% 44.1%
EBITDA 54.9 67. 2
EBITDA margin, % 10.8% 12.0%
Adjusted EBITDA 62.0 81.6
Adjusted EBITDA margin, % 12.2% 14.6%
EBITA 13.5 23.6
EBITA margin, % 2.7% 4.2%
Adjusted EBITA 20.6 38.0
Adjusted EBITA margin, % 4.0% 6.8%
Operating profit 6.8 16.2
Operating profit margin, % 1.3% 2.9%
Profit/loss for the period -3.7 6.7
Earnings per share, basic, EUR -0.11 0.20
Net cash flow from operating activities 66.6 46.9
Investments in tangible and intangible assets 21.7 19.2
Net debt / LTM adjusted EBITDA 3.4 3.1
Number of loyal customers, thousands 1,870 1,866
Number of stores at the end of the period 497 415
of which directly operated 495 411
Group net sales
EUR million 1–12/2025 10/2023–9/2024
Group 508.9 560.6
Finland 197.8 242.1
Sweden 187.9 224.2
Norway 84.7 91.1
New Markets 38.4 3.2
Musti Groups financial year was changed to calendar year during the year 2024, and therefore the financial year 2024 covered 15
months. Due to the extended financial year, the amounts presented in this report are not entirely comparable. Comparison period
for the financial year 2025 is 1 October 2023 – 31 December 2024. The comparative information presented in the text below has been
adjusted to correspond 12 months.
Group net sales increased by 14.4% to EUR 508.9 million (EUR 444.9 million). Net sales increased,
especially during the last three quarters of the year. The growth was strong especially in Norway and
Finland. Also, the acquisition of Pet City in the Baltics increased net sales by EUR 32.2 million. The
acquisition of ZU in December increased the net sales by EUR 3.1 million. The comparable net sales
growth was 6.4%.
Currency exchange rate changes affected the net sales positively with EUR 5.7 million. The stronger SEK
exchange rate increased sales by EUR 6.3 million and the weakened NOK exchange rate decreased sales
by EUR 0.6 million. Like-for-like growth, which is calculated in local currencies, amounted to 3.3% (0.2%).
Store sales increased by 17.5% to EUR 383.9 million (EUR 326.7 million). We opened 19 directly
operated stores, acquired two third-party stores, closed three directly operated stores and two franchise
stores left the chain during the reporting period. In addition, the acquisition of ZU increased our store
network by 65 stores. Like-for-like store sales growth was 3.2% (-2.6%). Online sales increased by 6.4%
to EUR 116.4 million (EUR 109.4 million). Like-for-like online sales growth was 3.5% (9.4%). Online sales
accounted for 22.9% (24.6%) of total net sales.
The total number of customers (excluding Baltics and ZU) increased by 0.3% to 1,870 thousand
(1,866 thousand). Rolling 12 months average spend per loyal customer was EUR 220.4 (EUR 209.1).
Group performance
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 3
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Net sales by segment FY 2025
Finland, 39%
Sweden, 37%
Norway, 17%
New Markets, 8%
Net sales by channel FY 2025
Store sales, 75%
Online sales, 23%
Other sales*, 2%
*Other sales include franchise fees and wholesale.
Group result
Group adjusted EBITA was EUR 20.6 million (EUR 25.6 million). This was still impacted by the weak
consumer climate as well as the several ongoing initiatives that support growth and scalability which
increased the operating expenses. The Baltics, which is still in the integration phase, had a negative
impact of EUR 2,7 million on EBITA. Recent movements of the local currencies SEK and NOK had EUR
0.1 million negative impact on adjusted EBITA (no effect in the comparison period). Adjusted EBITA
margin was 4.0% (5.7%).
Gross margin was 44.0% (43.6%). The share of sales of own and exclusive brands was 51.3% (51.2%).
The share of employee benefits and other operating expenses as percentage of sales was 34.6% (33.8%).
Depreciation amounted to EUR 41.4 million (EUR 35.6 million) and amortization amounted to EUR 6.6
million (EUR 6.0 million). Main driver is the growing store network via IFRS 16 impact.
Adjustments to EBITA were EUR 7.1 million (EUR 12.8 million) in the reporting period. The adjustments
include costs relating to digitalization and platform projects, personnel restructuring costs as well as
M&A projects.
Unadjusted operating result was EUR 6.8 million (EUR 6.8 million).
Result before taxes amounted to EUR -3.1 million (EUR 0.7 million). The net impact of financial income
and expenses on result before taxes was EUR 10.0 million negative (EUR 6.1 million negative), mainly due
to risen interest expenses and the negative change in the fair value of derivatives. Result for the period
was EUR -3.7 million (EUR 0.9 million) and basic earnings per share was EUR -0.11 (0.03).
Financial position and cashflow
In January December 2025, the net cash flow from operating activities totaled EUR 66.6 million (EUR
31.3 million). Change in net working capital had an impact of EUR 11.7 million (EUR -9.6 million) on cash
flow during the reporting period. Non-recurring costs had a EUR 6.7 million negative (EUR 13.9 million
negative) impact on operating cash flow. Cash flow used in investing activities during the reporting
period amounted to EUR 42.0 million (EUR 33.8 million).
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period amounted to EUR 16.2 million
(31 December 2024: EUR 11.8 million). Total consolidated assets amounted to EUR 494.8 million
(31 December 2024: EUR 443.3 million).
Equity attributable to owners of the parent company totaled EUR 169.1 million
(31 December 2024: EUR 166.8 million).
Net debt / LTM adjusted EBITDA was 3.4 (31 December 2024: 3.1). Gearing at the end of the
reporting period was 123.8% (31 December 2024: 112.3%) and net debt amounted to EUR 209.4 million
(31 December 2024: EUR 187.5 million). At the end of the period, the interest-bearing loans included in
net debt amounted to EUR 124.9 million (31 December 2024: EUR 104.3 million) and lease liabilities EUR
100.5 million (31 December 2024: EUR 95.6 million).
Musti Group focuses on maintaining sufficient liquidity in the group. Musti Group had unutilized
bank overdraft of EUR 10 million. Additionally, to facilitate future growth, the Group has an undrawn
revolving credit facility in total of EUR 85 million and EUR 50 million commercial paper program of
which EUR 37 million unutilized. During the financial year, the final maturity of the EUR 210 million
facilities agreement was extended by a year to August 2028.
Investments
In January December 2025, investments in tangible and intangible assets amounted to EUR 21.7
million (EUR 15.2 million). Investments were mainly related to new and relocated stores, logistics,
manufacturing and IT and digital platform development projects.
Musti Group acquired the shares of Pet City OÜ (including its subsidiaries, Pet City UAB, Pet City SIA
and Pet City Klinika UAB) and Eesti Veterinaaria Kliinikum OÜ from Magnum Group for an Enterprise
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 4
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Value (EV) of EUR 18.1 million, of which EUR 13.7 million was paid in cash at closing in November 2024.
The remaining amount EUR 4.5 million was also paid in cash during March 2025.
Musti Group acquired the shares of ZU, Produtos e Serviços para Animais, S.A., a retailer of pet food,
accessories and vet services in Portugal, from MCRetail SGPS which is a part of Sonae Group. Provisional
purchase price of the transaction amounted to EUR 12.9 million that was paid in cash at closing in
December 2025. Purchase price was adjusted by EUR 0.5 million after the end of the financial year, and
the adjusted price was paid in cash at the beginning of January 2026.
In addition, EUR 2.7 million were invested in business acquisitions in Sweden during the reporting period.
Business segment performance
Musti Groups reporting segments are primarly based on geographical regions where Finland, Sweden
and Norway are separated to individual operating segments. In addition, the management monitors the
new market areas separately, for which the operating and reporting segment, the New Markets, was
formed in the end of 2024. Currently the segment comprises of the Baltic countries and Portugal. In
other items, Musti Group reports the Group functions, including the operations of the headquarters, the
central warehouse and production.
Finland
Finland is our most mature market where Musti Group is the market leader with a nationwide network.
A vast majority of Finnish pet parents are within convenient reach of a Musti store complemented by
an omni-channel offering with fast deliveries. Musti Groups brands in Finland are Musti ja Mirri (store,
services and omnichannel) and Peten Koiratarvike (online focus complemented by select stores).
In Finland, our goal is to continuously optimize our footprint and offering to best meet consumer
needs, and to invest in maintaining our market leading omnichannel offering.
EUR million or as indicated 1–12/2025 10/2023–12/2024
Net sales 197.8 242.1
Net sales growth. % 3.7% 27.5%
LFL segment sales growth, % 4.7% -1.3%
EBITDA 47.2 60.6
EBITDA margin. % 23.8% 25.1%
Adjusted EBITDA 47.3 61.2
Adjusted EBITDA margin. % 23.9% 25.3%
EBITA 35.1 46.0
EBITA margin. % 17.7 % 19.0%
Adjusted EBITA 35.2 46.6
Adjusted EBITA margin. % 17.8% 19.2%
Number of stores 136 137
of which directly operated 136 137
Net sales in Finland increased by 3.7% to EUR 197.8 million (EUR 190.8 million) driven by the growth in the
last three quarters. Like-for-like sales growth was 4.7% (-2.5%).
EBITA increased by 0.7% to EUR 35.1 million (EUR 34.8 million). Adjusted EBITA increased by 0.1% to
EUR 35.2 million (EUR 35.1 million). The decrease in profitability was due to pressure in gross margin arising
from targeted investment in price and campaign activities. Adjusted EBITA margin was 17.8% (18.4%).
One directly operated store was opened and two directly operated stores were closed during the
financial year.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 5
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Sweden
Musti Group has been present in Sweden since 2010 and is today the Swedish market leader with
138 stores complemented by omnichannel through the brands Arken Zoo (store, omnichannel and
veterinary clinics) and VetZoo (online focus).
In Sweden, our focus is on continued customer acquisition and network expansion as we see further
room to increase our reach in the larger Swedish market when compared to our more mature Finnish
benchmark.
EUR million or as indicated 1–12/2025 10/2023–12/2024
Net sales 187.9 224.2
Net sales growth. % 5.4% 31.2%
LFL segment sales growth. % -1.0% 1.0%
EBITDA 33.1 43.8
EBITDA margin. % 17.6 % 19.5%
Adjusted EBITDA 33.1 44.0
Adjusted EBITDA margin. % 17.6 % 19.6%
EBITA 20.1 28.9
EBITA margin. % 10.7% 12.9%
Adjusted EBITA 20.1 29.1
Adjusted EBITA margin. % 10.7% 13.0%
Number of stores 138 133
of which directly operated 136 129
Net sales in Sweden increased by 5.4% to EUR 187.9 million (EUR 178.3 million). The growth was driven
by the increased number of stores opened and acquired during the last 12 months. The stronger SEK
exchange rate had EUR 6.3 million positive impact on net sales in the reporting period. The like-for-like
sales growth, which is calculated in local currencies, was -1.0% (0.1%).
EBITA and adjusted EBITA decreased by 6.7% to EUR 20.1 million (EUR 21.5 million). The decrease
was driven by strong online competition and inflation in the fixed cost base. Adjusted EBITA margin
decreased to 10.7% (12.1%).
Two third party stores were acquired, five directly operated stores opened and two franchise stores
left the chain during the financial year.
Norway
Musti Group entered Norway in late 2016 and has reached market leadership with presence in 91 local
communities complemented by our omnichannel offering. Our brands in Norway are Musti (store,
services and omnichannel) and VetZoo (online).
Norway remains a more fragmented market where Musti Group holds a market leading position, yet
clearly lower market share compared to Finland and Sweden. Therefore our focus is to continue on the
path of market share gains through continued customer acquisition supported by further store roll-out
into more communities, and on increasing country profitability as the network matures.
EUR million or as indicated 1–12/2025 10/2023–12/2024
Net sales 84.7 91.1
Net sales growth. % 16.6% 40.3%
LFL segment sales growth. % 10.3% 9.0%
EBITDA 18.2 20.6
EBITDA margin. % 21.5% 22.6%
Adjusted EBITDA 18.2 20.6
Adjusted EBITDA margin. % 21.5% 22.6%
EBITA 11.4 12.9
EBITA margin. % 13.4% 14.1%
Adjusted EBITA 11.4 13.0
Adjusted EBITA margin. % 13.4% 14.2%
Number of stores 91 83
of which directly operated 91 83
Net sales in Norway increased by 16.6% to EUR 84.7 million (EUR 72.7 million), driven by like-for-like
sales growth of 10.3% and ramp-up of the stores opened during the last twelve months. The NOK
exchange rate had a EUR 0.6 million negative impact on net sales in the reporting period.
EBITA increased by 18.3% to EUR 11.4 million (EUR 9.6 million). Adjusted EBITA increased by 18.1% to
EUR 11.4 million (EUR 9.6 million) driven by operating leverage and offset by slightly decreasing gross
margin. Adjusted EBITA margin was 13.4% (13.3%).
Eight directly operated stores were opened during the financial year.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 6
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
New Markets
The segment New Markets was established in the end of 2024, when Musti entered the Baltic market.
In the end of 2025 Musti expanded also to Portugal which is also currently reported in the New Markets
segment.
In the Baltic countries Musti operates under the Pet City banner and has 51 retail stores and 16
veterinary clinics in the Baltic countries, and an e-commerce platform operating throughout the Baltic
region. In Portugal Musti operates the ZU chain which has 65 retail stores of which 24 include veterinary
clinics.
EUR million or as indicated 1–12/2025 10/2023–12/2024
Net sales 38.4 3.2
EBITDA 3.5 0.2
EBITDA margin, % 9.1% 5.8%
Adjusted EBITDA 3.6 0.2
Adjusted EBITDA margin, % 9.4% 5.8%
EBITA -1.3 -0.2
EBITA margin, % -3.3% -6.1%
Adjusted EBITA -1.2 -0.2
Adjusted EBITA margin, % -3.0% -6.1%
Number of stores 132 62
of which directly operated 132 62
Musti expanded to Portugal in December 2025 by acquiring the shares of ZU, which is a retailer of pet
food, accessories and veterinary services. During 2025 the sales and profitability of the segment were
impacted by the activities to fully integrate the Baltics into Musti’s concept and platforms. The financial
performance improved towards the end of the year as the integration process continued but was
negatively affected by the weak consumer climate in the Baltic markets.
Pet City contributed EUR 35.3 million to the segment’s net sales, and ZU contributed EUR 3.1 million.
Pet City opened five directly operated stores and closed one store in the Baltics during the financial year.
Group functions
Adjusted EBITA was EUR -44.9 million (EUR -40.6 million). Costs increased mainly in central warehouses
and various group functions. The adjustments include costs relating to digitalization and platform projects,
personnel restructuring and M&A projects. Adjusted Group functions cost in relation to group net sales
was 8.8% (9.1%).
The EBITA impact of the Group functions was EUR -51.8 million (EUR -53.0 million) during the financial year.
Personnel
At the end of the reporting period on 31 December 2025, the number of personnel was 3,954 (31 December
2024: 3,372) of whom 1,271 (31 December 2024: 1,239) were employed in Finland, 1,139 (31 December 2024:
1,039) in Sweden, 710 (31 December 2024: 626) in Norway, 486 (31 December 2024: 468) in the Baltics and
348 in Portugal.
Average personnel, full time equivalent (FTE)
1 Jan 2025–
31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023–
31 Dec 2024
1 Oct 2022–
30 Sep 2023
1 Oct 2021–
30 Sep 2022
1 Oct 2020–
30 Sep 2021
Average personnel (FTE) 2,575 1,761 1,640 1,523 1,284
Personnel by area, FTE
1 Jan 2025–
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024 30 Sep 2023 30 Sep 2022 30 Sep 2021
Finland 741 714 664 664 616
Sweden 746 681 664 650 578
Norway 420 339 316 274 203
Baltics 405
Portugal 283 - - - -
Total 2,595 2,142 1,643 1,587 1,397
Wages and salaries
1 Jan 2024–
31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023–
31 Dec 2024
1 Oct 2022–
30 Sep 2023
1 Oct 2021–
30 Sep 2022
1 Oct 2020–
30 Sep 2021
Wages and salaries total 81,891 81,252 59,370 56,303 47,489
More information on the remunerations is available for reading at the Remuneration Report published in
accordance with the Financial Statements and the Board of Directors’ Report.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 7
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Changes in Group structure
In December 2025, Musti Group acquired 100% of the shares of ZU, Produtos e Serviços para Animais,
S.A., a retailer of pet food, accessories and veterinary services in Portugal.
Changes in Group management
On 13 June 2025, Musti Group announced that Erik Ringen Skjærstad will step down as Head of Norway
and New Markets and as a member of the Management Team of Musti Group plc to pursue career
opportunities outside of the company. Daniel Pettersson, country manager Finland and Sweden, has
taken the responsibility also for Norway and the Baltics starting from 1 August 2025.
On 18 December 2025, Musti Group announced that Tobias Azevedo, MBA, BSc, the General
Manager of ZU, will join the Management Team of Musti Group plc as of 1 January 2026.
Information contained in the notes to the financial statements
Related party transactions are disclosed in note 6.1.
Governance
Musti Group is committed to good corporate governance through compliance with laws and regulations
in all its operations and to implementing recommendations for good corporate governance. The
governance of the Musti Group complies with the Company’s Articles of Association, Finnish and EU laws
and regulations, the Finnish Companies Act, the Accounting Act, securities markets regulations and other
decrees and regulations relevant to the governance of a public limited liability company. Furthermore,
Musti Groups operations are guided by values and internal operating principles ratified by the company.
The governance of Musti Group is described in more detail in the Corporate Governance Statement
published in connection with the Financial Statements and the Board of Directors’ Report.
Annual General Meeting
Musti Group plc’s Annual General Meeting was held on 29 April in Helsinki.
The Annual General Meeting adopted the annual accounts for the financial year 1 October 2023
31 December 2024 and discharged the persons who have acted as the members of the Board of
Directors and CEO during the financial year from liability. In its advisory resolution, the Annual General
Meeting approved the Remuneration Report for the institutions and the Remuneration Policy of the
institutions.
The Annual General Meeting resolved, in accordance with the proposal of the Board of Directors that
based on the balance sheet adopted for the financial year ended on 31 December 2024, no dividend is
distributed.
The Annual General Meeting decided, in accordance with the proposal of the Board of Directors, that
the members of the Board of Directors be paid the following annual remuneration:
Chair of the Board of Directors: EUR 65,000
Other members of the Board of Directors: EUR 35,000
In addition, members of the Audit Committee and the Remuneration Committee of Board of Directors
will be paid the following annual remuneration:
Chair of the Committee: EUR 7,500
Other Committee members: EUR 5,000
The Annual General Meeting decided, in accordance with the proposal of the Board of Directors,
that the aforementioned remuneration shall not be paid to Board members who are employed by the
company’s ultimate parent company, Sonae SGPS, S.A.
Additionally, due to the longer duration of the previous financial year (1 October 2023 31 December
2024, totaling 15 months) the Annual General Meeting decided, in accordance with the proposal of
the Board of Directors, that the following remuneration be paid to the then-current members of the
company’s Board of Directors for the period 1 October 2024 31 December 2024, i.e., for the portion
exceeding a customary 12-month financial year:
Chair of the Board of Directors: EUR 16,250, and
Other members of the Board of Directors: EUR 8,750.
Additionally, also due to the aforementioned reason, the Annual General Meeting decided, in
accordance with the proposal of the Board of Directors, that the following remuneration be paid to
the then-current members of the Audit Committee and the Remuneration Committee for the period 1
October 2024 31 December 2024, i.e., for the portion exceeding a customary 12-month financial year:
Chair of the Committee: EUR 1,875, and
Other Committee members: EUR 1,250.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 8
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
The Annual General Meeting decided that the number of members of the Board of Directors shall be seven
(7). The Annual General Meeting decided that Joanna Hummel and Tiina-Liisa Liukkonen are elected as
new members, and Maria Cláudia Teixeira de Azevedo, João Pedro Magalhães da Silva Torres Dolores,
João Nonell Günther Amaral, Jeffrey David, and Johan Dettel are re-elected as members of the Board of
Directors for a term of office expiring at the end of the next Annual General Meeting.
Ernst & Young Oy, Authorized Public Accountants, was re-elected as the auditor of the Company for
a term of office ending at the end of the next Annual General Meeting. Ernst & Young Oy has notified
the Company that Maria Onniselkä, Authorized Public Accountant, will act as the auditor with principal
responsibility. The Annual General Meeting decided that the remuneration to the auditor shall be paid
against a reasonable invoice approved by the Audit Committee.
Ernst & Young Oy, Authorized Sustainability Audit Firm, was re-elected as the sustainability reporting
assurer of the Company for a term of office ending at the end of the next Annual General Meeting. Ernst &
Young Oy has notified the Company that Maria Onniselkä, Authorized Sustainability Auditor, will act as the
sustainability reporting assurer with principal responsibility. The Annual General Meeting decided that the
remuneration to the auditor shall be paid against a reasonable invoice approved by the Audit Committee.
Extraordinary General Meeting
Musti Group Plc’s Extraordinary General Meeting was held on 18 September 2025 in Helsinki. The Extraordinary
General Meeting decided that the number of members of the Board of Directors shall be seven (7).
Member of the Company’s Board of Directors João Nonell Günther Amaral resigned from the
Company’s Board of Directors on 28 August 2025. The Extraordinary General Meeting elected Eduardo
Piedade as a new ordinary member of the Board of Directors. No other changes to the composition of the
Company’s Board of Directors were made, and the other current members of the Board of Directors will
continue in their positions.
Shares and shareholders
Issued shares and share capital
At the end of the financial year on 31 December 2025, Musti Group’s share capital was EUR 11,001,853.68 and
the total number of shares outstanding was 33,535,453. The company has one share class. Each share carries
one vote and entitles to the same dividend.
Trading of shares
Trading of Musti Groups share commenced on the Prelist of Nasdaq Helsinki Ltd on 13 February 2020
and on the Official List on 17 February 2020.
The opening price of the share was EUR 19.80 on the first trading day of the financial year on
2 January 2025. The closing price of the share on the last trading day of the financial year on 30
December 2025 was EUR 17.82. The highest price of the share during the financial year was EUR 22.65,
the lowest EUR 17.40. The average closing price during the financial year was EUR 19.92 and the average
volume per day was 11,321 shares.
Musti Groups market capitalization was EUR 597.6 million on 30 December 2025.
Own shares
On 31 December 2025 Musti Group held 147,566 (147,566) own shares representing 0.44% (0.44%) of the
total number of shares and votes. Musti Group did not purchase its own shares during the reporting period.
Authorizations of the Board of Directors
The Annual General Meeting authorized the Board of Directors to decide on the repurchase of the
Company’s own shares and/or on the acceptance as pledge of the Company’s own shares as follows:
The number of own shares to be repurchased and/or accepted as pledge based on this authorization
shall not exceed 3,185,000 shares in total, which corresponds to approximately 9.5 percent of all the
shares in the Company. However, the Company together with its subsidiaries may not at any moment
own and/or hold as pledge more than 10 percent of all the shares in the Company.
Own shares may be repurchased only using the unrestricted equity of the Company at a price formed
in public trading on the date of the repurchase or otherwise at a price determined by the markets. The
Board of Directors decides on all other matters related to the repurchase and/or acceptance as pledge
of own shares. Own shares may be repurchased using, inter alia, derivatives. Own shares may be
repurchased otherwise than in proportion to the shareholdings of the shareholders (directed repurchase).
This authorization cancelled the authorization given by the Annual General Meeting held on 31
January 2024 to decide on the repurchase the Company’s own shares and/or to accept the Company’s
own shares as pledge. The authorization is effective until the conclusion of the next Annual General
Meeting, however, no longer than until 30 June 2026.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 9
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
The Annual General Meeting authorized the Board of Directors to decide on the issuance of shares as
well as the issuance of special rights entitling to shares referred to in chapter 10 section 1 of the Finnish
Companies Act as follows:
The number of shares to be issued based on this authorization shall not exceed 3,185,000 shares,
which corresponds to approximately 9.5 percent of all of the shares in the Company. The authorization
covers both the issuance of new shares as well as the transfer of treasury shares held by the Company.
The Board of Directors decides on all other conditions of the issuance of shares and of special rights
entitling to shares. The issuance of shares and of special rights entitling to shares may be carried out in
deviation from the shareholders’ pre-emptive rights (directed issue).
This authorization cancelled the authorization given by the Annual General Meeting held on 31
January 2024 to decide on the issuance of shares as well as on the issuance of special rights entitling to
shares. The authorization is effective until the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting, however,
no longer than until 30 June 2026.
Shareholders and flagging notifications
At the end of the reporting period, the number of registered shareholders was 4,908. The proportion
of nominee-registered shareholders was 0.83% of the company’s shares. The 20 largest shareholders
registered in the book-entry register maintained by Euroclear Finland Oy held a total of 97.93% of Musti
Groups shares and votes at the end of the reporting period.
Musti Group did not receive any announcements under Chapter 9, Section 5 of the Securities
Markets Act during the reporting period.
Shareholders, Musti Group plc 31 December 2025
No. Shareholders Number of shares % of shares
1 Flybird Holding Oy 27 114 747 80,85
2 Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company 3 263 823 9,73
3 Ilmarinen Mutual Pension Insurance Company 1 571 000 4,68
4 Elo Mutual Pension Insurance Company 491 000 1,46
5 Musti Group Oyj 147 566 0,44
6 Nordea Finnish Stars Fund 131 451 0,39
7 Sijoitusrahasto Ub Hr Suomi 31 000 0,09
8 Hotellinx Group Oy 13 075 0,04
9 Gerako Oy 11 000 0,03
10 Raumaluoto Oy 10 250 0,03
Total 32 784 912 97,76
100 largest shareholders total 32 951 405 98,26
Nominee registered total 277 827 0,83
Number of shares total 33 535 453 100,00
Shareholders by number of shares held, Musti Group plc, 31 December 2025
Number of shares
Number of
shareholders % of shareholders Number of shares % of shares
1–100 3 985 81,19 110 476 0,33
101–500 775 15,79 164 193 0,49
501–1000 70 1,43 52 940 0,16
1001–5000 60 1,22 124 584 0,37
5001–10000 7 0,14 44 706 0,13
10001–50000 4 0,08 65 325 0,19
50001–100000 0 0,00 0 0,00
100001–500000 4 0,08 1 023 659 3,05
500001– & above 3 0,06 31 949 570 95,27
Total 4 908 100,00 33 535 453 100,00
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 10
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Shareholders by sector, Musti Group, 31 December 2025
Shareholders by sector Number of shares % of shares
Public sector 5,325,823 16.01
Financial and insurance corporations 165,609 0.50
Households 391,874 1.18
Non-financial corporations 27,365,857 82.28
Non-profit institutions 5,362 0.02
Rest of the world 3,101 0.01
Total 33,257,626 100.00
Nominee registered 277,827 0.83
Number of shares total 33,535,453 100.00
Remuneration
The objective of Musti Groups remuneration program is to promote the company’s competitiveness
and to support the execution of the company’s strategy. Furthermore, the remuneration programs aim
to retain key persons and the whole staff and create long-term commitment in order to achieve shared
goals and to create shareholder value.
The remuneration in Musti Group is described in more detail in the Remuneration Report published
in connection with the Financial Statements and the Board of Directors’ Report.
Risks and uncertainties
Musti Groups risk profile follows the general risk level of the retail and grocery trade. The industry is
not particularly cyclical and not subject to rapid changes. The company regularly monitors changes in
the risks and their impact on the business. The company implements risk management continuously
and systematically according to a scheduled process. The risk management process ensures that risks
related to the Group are identified, estimated, and controlled in a proactive way and the management
of risks is monitored. The company’s risk management includes, among others: identification and
review of risks, risk assessment, determining and implementing control measures for the identified
risks, and monitoring and reporting of risks.
The following describes the risks and uncertainties that are considered significant for Musti Group.
Risks relating to the macroeconomic environment and inflation
Increasing geopolitical instability could have a significant impact on the global economy and business
environment. Although Musti Group sells products, a recession may have a negative impact on
consumer confidence and sales.
General cost level has risen in past few years following price increases in energy, raw materials, and
freights. Musti Groups cost level has increased accordingly and is reflected in higher retail prices to
maintain profitability. Higher inflation will also contribute to higher interest rates. These may have an
impact on consumer behavior and price competition.
Risks relating to changes in the competitive environment
Pet products and services retail industry has become increasingly competitive. Musti Group´s
competitors include large grocery retailers, smaller pet specialist stores, online competitors (including
general online stockists and internet pure plays), home and garden stores, pet service providers, as
well as veterinary clinics. Many are competing for the same customers with similar offerings, and it is
easy to make comparisons between competitors. The large share of own and exclusive products partly
mitigates this risk. If Musti Group fails in this competition, its sales and profitability would decrease.
Risks relating to quality of products and services
A failure in product safety control or supply chain quality assurance may result in financial losses,
loss of customer trust or in the worst case, a health hazard to a pet. Musti Groups pet food factory’s
manufacturing processes are subject to risks, such as equipment breakdown, raw material availability,
accidents, damage, and interruption risks. These risks are managed through certifications and
continuous EHSQ work.
Customers may also make allegations against Musti Group publicly concerning the quality of the
company’s product or services. This could result in a reputational loss for Musti Group.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 11
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Risks relating to employees
If Musti Group is not perceived as an attractive and sustainable employer brand, the company may not
be able to safeguard skilled and motivated employees. The prerequisite for execution of strategy and
reaching the set targets is to be able to maintain insightful and motivated employees.
Risks relating to currency fluctuations
As a significant part of Musti Groups business is in countries outside the eurozone, Musti Groups
balance sheet and results are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The main
transaction exposure currencies are USD and GBP in which Musti Group of companies have outflows
related to purchases. Translation exposure arises from subsidiaries reporting in SEK and NOK as results
and balance sheet items are consolidated to Musti Group level.
Seasonality
Musti Groups business is characterized by a generally limited seasonality effect, with the high share of
recurring food and stable products of net sales translating into low seasonality within years. However,
there are certain intra-year fluctuations that affect cash flows, sales and profitability. Usually, the period
between July to December has higher sales and profitability margins compared to January to June,
driven by higher sales of accessories and other seasonal products.
The volumes and timing of Musti Group’s sales may vary somewhat due to weather conditions, with
sales of pet clothing being primarily impacted. Cold winters and rainy weather generally result in higher
sales of coats and shoes for pets.
Outlook for the financial year 2026
The underlying trend of pet parenting that drives long-term structural market growth remains robust.
For 2026, our expectation is a gradual return to long term market growth levels of approximately 4%.
This view is supported by normalization of the key factors that suppressed market growth during the
last years. Number of puppies and kittens are stabilizing and returning to long term average levels.
Macro forecasts indicate improving consumer spending power across the European countries gradually
towards 2027, supported by improving GDP outlook, wage increases and stable interest rates.
Risks relating to changes in customer preferences
Customers’ buying patterns may change more rapidly than the company has anticipated. With the
rising trend of online shopping customers expect a simple and consistent shopping experience and fast
delivery regardless of the sales channel. Brick-and-mortar stores are expected to offer experiences, a
place to meet, and information. Various sustainability aspects in products and services are increasingly
important to customers. If the company fails to address the new purchasing patterns and sustainability
requirements, there is a risk that the investment in assortment, sales channels and services will not
generate the intended results.
Risks relating to sourcing of products
A loss of significant supplier or an inability to source products from such suppliers that meet Musti
Group´s standards and requirements, or a supply reduction or cost increases demanded by suppliers
may have a material adverse effect on customer relationships and competitive position.
Risks relating to inventories
A lot of the company’s capital may be tied up in carrying the inventory if the company is unable
to forecast accurately customer demand. Operative difficulties in managing the inventory and
obsolescence may increase costs of inventory or result in selling the goods at discount which may have
a negative impact on profitability.
Risks relating to logistics
The company’s distribution center in Eskilstuna is its distribution hub. Most goods from suppliers are
delivered to Eskilstuna and then distributed to shops and online customers. Collecting the logistics in one
location carries certain risks, for example, disruptions to communications and information technology
infrastructure, as well as fire and strikes, which may result in business discontinuity or lower sales.
Risks relating cybercrimes
The frequency of professional cybercrimes is growing especially after the war in Ukraine begun. This
has increased the risk relating to business continuity and loss of critical information. Cyber-attacks
may target, for example, data systems critical for business continuity, or personal data. Cyber-attacks
may result in disruptions in sales, personal data leakages, financial losses, compensation for damage or
reputational damages.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 12
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Dividend policy
Musti Groups Board of Directors has defined that the company’s dividend policy is as follows: The
company’s net profit shall be used towards financing the company’s growth and investments, and the
company does not expect to distribute dividends. The Board of Directors may, however, assess dividend
distribution annually.
Board of Directors’ proposal for profit distribution
The Groups parent company’s distributable funds on 31 December 2025 totaled EUR 125,108,780.55
of which the result for the financial year was EUR -3,002,474.22. The Board of Directors proposes to
the Annual General Meeting that no dividend will be distributed for the financial year ended on 31
December 2025.
Helsinki, 30 March 2026
Board of Directors
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 13
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Financial ratios and alternative performance measures
EUR millions or as indicated 1/2025-12/2025 10/2023-12/2024 10/2022-9/2023
Net sales 508.9 560.6 425.7
Net sales growth, % 14.4% N/A 8.9%
LFL sales growth, % 3.3% 1.1% 9.5%
LFL store sales growth, % 3.2% -1.6% 6.7%
LFL online sales growth, % 3.5% 10.1% 19.0%
Store sales 383.9 413.2 322.3
Online sales 116.4 136.4 97.8
Online share of net sales, % 22.9% 24.3% 23.0%
Gross margin, % 44.0% 44.1% 45.7%
EBITDA 54.9 67.2 74.6
EBITDA margin, % 10.8% 12.0% 17.5%
Adjusted EBITDA 62.0 81.6 73.6
Adjusted EBITDA margin, % 12.2% 14.6% 1 7.3%
EBITA 13.5 23.6 43.6
EBITA margin, % 2.7% 4.2% 10.2%
Adjusted EBITA 20.6 38.0 42.6
Adjusted EBITA margin, % 4.0% 6.8% 10.0%
Operating Profit 6.8 16.2 37.8
Operating Profit margin, % 1.3% 2.9% 8.9%
Profit/loss for the period -3.7 6.7 26.5
Earnings/Share, basic, EUR -0.11 0.20 0.79
Earnings/Share, diluted, EUR -0.11 0.20 0.79
Cash flow from operating activities 66.6 46.9 79.6
Investments in tangible and intangible assets 21.7 19.2 11.9
Net debt 209.4 187.5 137.9
Gearing, % 123.8% 112.3% 83.9%
Net debt / LTM Adjusted EBITDA 3.4 3.1 1.9
Equity ratio % 34.2% 37.6% 41.7%
Nr of loyal customers, thousands 1 870 1 866 1 543
Number of stores at end of period 497 415 342
of which directly operated 495 411 330
Own & Exclusive share, % 51.3% 51.5% 52.4%
Share performance indicators
1/2025–12/2025 10/2023-12/2024 10/2022-9/2023
Earnings per share, basic, EUR -0.11 0.20 0.79
Earnings per share, diluted, EUR -0.11 0.20 0.79
Equity per share, EUR 5.04 4.97 4.90
Dividend payout per share and capital return total 0.00 0.00 0.60
Dividend payout and return of capital, total of result, % 0.0% 0.0% 76.0%
Effective dividend yield, % 0.0% 0.0% 3.3%
Price/earnings ratio (P/E) -159.80 99.27 22.71
Highest share price, EUR 22.65 27.25 20.46
Lowest share price, EUR 17.44 16.20 14.63
Share price as at the end of the financial year 17.82 19.92 18
Market capitalisation 597,601,772 668,026,224 603,638,154
Share turnover during the financial year, % 8.4% 119% 40.7%
Shares outstanding at the end of the period 33,535,453 33,535,453 33,535,453
Shares outstanding at the end of the period,
diluted 33,530,887 33,530,887 33,644,244
Weighted average adjusted number of shares
during the financial period, basic 33,535,453 33,387,987 33,374,823
Weighted average adjusted number of shares
during the financial period, diluted 33,530,887 33,546,147 33,598,167
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 14
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Calculation formulas of key performance indicators
Key Performance Indicator Definition
Gross profit Net sales - Material and services
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and
amortization (EBITDA)
Operating profit + Depreciation, amortization and
impairment
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation
and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA)
Operating profit + Depreciation, amortization and
impairment +adjustments
Earnings before interest, taxes and amortization (EBITA)
Operating profit + amortization and impairment of
intangible assets
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes and
amortization (Adjusted EBITA)
Operating profit + amortization and impairment of
intangible assets + Adjustments
Earnings per share, basic
Profit/loss for the period - Non-controlling interests
Average number of shares
Earnings per share, diluted
Profit/loss for the period - Non-controlling interests
Average diluted number of shares
Net Debt
Interest bearing liabilities - Loan receivables +/ -
Derivative financial instruments - Cash and cash
equivalents
Key Performance Indicator Definition
Gearing (%)
Net debt
Equity
Net debt/LTM (last twelve months) Adjusted EBITDA
Net debt
LTM adjusted EBITDA
Equity ratio (%)
Total equity
Total assets - Advances received
LFL (Like-for-like) sales growth (%)
Sales of online channels and stores that have been open
more than 13 months
Sales from corresponding online channels and stores in
the same time period
Own & Exclusive share (%)
Sales of own and exclusive product sales
Product sales in own channels
Online share (%)
Online sales
Net sales
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 15
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Reconciliation of key performance indicators
EUR millions or as indicated
1 Jan 2025–
31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023–
31 Dec 2024
Gross profit
Net sales 508.9 560.6
Material and services -285.1 -313.4
Gross profit 223.8 2 47.2
Gross margin (%) 44.0% 44.1%
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)
Operating profit 6.8 16.2
Depreciation, Amortization and Impairment 48.1 51.0
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) 54.9 67.2
EBITDA margin (%) 10.8% 12.0%
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
(Adjusted EBITDA)
Operating profit 6.8 16.2
Depreciation, amortization and Impairment 48.1 51.0
Adjustments 7.1 14.4
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
(Adjusted EBITDA) 62.0 81.6
Adjusted EBITDA margin (%) 12.2% 14.6%
Adjustments (EBITDA)
Restructuring related expenses 0.2 0.4
Acquisition & IPO related expenses 1.1 0.7
Non-recurring costs (Public Tender Offer & product recall) 0.0 12.1
Digital transformation projects 5.8 1.2
Adjustments (EBITDA) 7.1 14.4
Earnings before interest, taxes and amortization (EBITA)
Operating profit 6.8 16.2
amortization and impairment 6.7 7.3
Earnings before interest, taxes and amortization (EBITA) 13.5 23.6
EBITA margin (%) 2.7% 4.2%
EUR millions or as indicated
1 Jan 2025–
31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023–
31 Dec 2024
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation (Adjusted
EBITA)
Operating profit 6.8 16.2
amortization and impairment of intangible assets 6.7 7.3
Adjustments 7.1 14.4
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation (Adjusted
EBITA) 20.6 38.0
Adjusted EBITA margin (%) 4.0% 6.8%
Adjustments (Operating profit)
Restructuring related expenses 0.2 0.4
Acquisition & IPO related expenses 1.1 0.7
Non-recurring costs (Public Tender Offer & product recall) 0.0 12.1
Digital transformation projects 5.8 1.2
Adjustments (Operating profit) 7.1 14.4
Earnings per share, basic
Profit/loss for the period -3.7 6.7
Non-controlling interest 0.0 0.0
Average number of shares 33.4 33.4
Earnings per share, basic -0.11 0.20
Earnings per share, diluted
Profit/loss for the period -3.7 6.7
Non-controlling interest 0.0 0.0
Average number of shares* 33.5 33.5
Earnings per share, diluted -0.11 0.20
*Includes shares from Restricted Share Plan (PSP)
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 16
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
EUR millions or as indicated
1 Jan 2025–
31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023–
31 Dec 2024
Net debt
Interest-bearing liabilities 225.5 200.0
Derivative financial instruments 0.2 -0.6
Cash and cash equivalents 16.2 11.8
Net debt 209.4 187.5
Gearing (%)
Net Debt 209.4 187.5
Equity 169.2 166.9
Gearing (%) 123.8% 112.3%
Net debt/LTM Adjusted EBITDA
Net debt 209.4 187.5
LTM adjusted EBITDA 62.0 61.2
Net debt/LTM adjusted EBITDA 3.4 3.1
Equity ratio (%)
Total equity 169.2 166.9
Total assets 494.8 445.0
Advances received 0.6 0.6
Equity ratio (%) 34.2% 3 7. 6 %
LFL sales growth (%)
Net sales 508.9 560.6
Net sales growth % 14.4% N/A
Other growth % 11.1% N/A
LFL sales growth (%) 3.3% 1.1%
LFL store sales growth (%)
Store sales 383.9 413.2
Store sales total growth % 17. 5% N/A
Other growth % 14.3% N/A
LFL store sales growth (%) 3.2% -1.6%
EUR millions or as indicated
1 Jan 2025–
31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023–
31 Dec 2024
Net sales
Store sales 383.9 413.2
Online sales 116.4 136.4
Other sales 8.5 11.0
Net sales 508.9 560.6
Online share (%)
Net sales 508.9 560.6
Online sales 116.4 136.4
Online share (%) 22.9% 24.3%
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 17
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Sustainability
Statement
1. General disclosures 19
2. Environment 40
3. Social information 54
3. Governance information 73
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 18
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Sustainability Statement
1. General disclosures
Basis for preparation
ESRS 2 BP-1 General basis for preparation of the sustainability statements
At Musti Group, sustainability is not an add-on it is a fundamental part of our strategy, operations,
and identity. As the leading Nordic specialist retailer of pet products and services, we understand our
unique role in supporting the well-being of pets, their owners, and the broader environment in which
we operate. With operations across Finland, Sweden, Norway and Baltics and recently in Portugal, our
pawprint and influence are significant and so is our responsibility.
This sustainability statement has been prepared in accordance with the European Sustainability
Reporting Standards (ESRS) in compliance with the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive
(CSRD), and the Finnish Accounting Act’s Chapter 7 on sustainability reporting.
Scope of consolidation
The scope of consolidation of the sustainability statement prepared at the group level corresponds to
the scope in the financial statements, including all group companies under the Groups control. The
Groups parent company, Musti Group Oyj, is a publicly listed company on Nasdaq Helsinki. For more
information about the Group structure, refer to Note 1.4 Group information in the financial statements.
Coverage of value chain
The sustainability statement includes relevant information on sustainability matters across the Groups
value chain in accordance with ESRS 1 standard. This includes both upstream and downstream
activities, based on their material impacts and the availability of reliable data. The value chain
information reflects our current visibility and control over sustainability matters beyond our direct
operations. We are committed to improving data coverage and stakeholder engagement across
the value chain by continuously developing policies, measurements, targets and scope of future
disclosures.
The core principle of ESRS 2 is the concept of double materiality, which we have adopted in full.
This means we assess both impact materiality: the effects our operations have on people, pets, and the
environment; and financial materiality: the sustainability risks and opportunities that could impact our
financial condition or long-term performance. To guide our reporting, we conducted a comprehensive
double materiality assessment, consulting key internal and external stakeholders and analyzing our
entire value chain from suppliers and logistics partners to our in-store teams and customers.
Omission of information and use of exemption for disclosure
Musti Group has not exercised the option to omit any information related to the intellectual property,
know-how or innovation outcomes.
Musti Group has not exercised the option to exempt the disclosure of impending developments or
matters in course of negotiation, as provided for in articles 19a(3) and 29a(3) of Directive 2013/34/EU.
ESRS 2 BP-2 Disclosures in relation to specific circumstances
Time horizons
Time horizons applied in the sustainability statement correspond to the definition of ESRS: short-term is
the same reporting period as in the financial statements, mid-term is up to five years, and long-term is
more than five years. Musti Group has not applied any other time horizons in the reporting.
Value chain estimation
When preparing this sustainability statement, the Group has used estimates when reporting
sustainability information related to the upstream and downstream ends of our value chain, particularly
in areas where complete and third-party verified data are not yet available. This primarily concerns
topic-specific sections E1 and E5. These sections disclose the performance indicators used, the basis for
their calculation, and the level of accuracy of the results to the extent indirect sources were used in the
estimation.
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Financial Statements 19
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Board of Directors’ Report
Although these measurement methods provide a reasonable basis for understanding the material
sustainability impacts in our value chain, we acknowledge the limitations in achieving full accuracy.
We are actively working to improve data collection by increasing collaboration with suppliers and
other stakeholders. All assumptions and measurement methods used are reviewed, where possible, to
enhance accuracy and consistency.
Sources of estimation and outcome uncertainty
Certain sustainability disclosures are subject to estimation and may involve a degree of uncertainty
regarding the accuracy of reported figures or the outcome of future actions. Estimation uncertainty is
most relevant to upstream data in the value chain due to the challenges in data availability and quality.
This uncertainty particularly concerns sections E1 and E5. Value chain data in emission calculations is
indicative.
The uncertainty related to the outcomes is influenced by changes in consumers’ ethical consumption
behaviors, which are connected to the long-term effectiveness of circular economy initiatives and to
the gradual implementation of sustainability measures by suppliers. While we take reasonable steps to
monitor and improve these outcomes, they are influenced by external factors beyond our direct control.
To manage these uncertainties, we clearly document the assumptions, methodologies, and data
sources used in each relevant section of the report. We also disclose any material changes in estimation
methods. Efforts to reduce uncertainty include strengthening supplier engagement, expanding internal
data collection processes, and reviewing estimation models on a regular basis.
Changes in preparation or presentation of sustainability information and reporting errors in prior periods
As this is the first year Musti Group is publishing a sustainability statement in accordance with ESRS,
there are no prior reporting periods for a direct comparison in relation to reporting any changes in
preparation of presentation of sustainability information or errors in prior periods.
Disclosures stemming from other legislation or generally accepted sustainability reporting
pronouncements
Musti Groups sustainability statement has been prepared in accordance with Corporate Sustainability
Reporting Directive (Directive (EU) 2022/2464), the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS)
as defined in the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2772, the Finnish Accounting Acts
Chapter 7 on sustainability reporting and EU Taxonomy Regulation (2020/852). Musti Group does not
use any generally accepted sustainability reporting standards or frameworks in addition to ESRS.
Musti Groups pet food factory is certified by a third party in accordance with the Food Safety
System Certification, FSSC 22000, and the Environmental Management Systems standard ISO 14001.
Incorporation by reference
In section IRO-2, Disclosure Requirements in ESRS covered by the undertaking’s sustainability
statement, there is a table presenting a list of the disclosure requirements of the sustainability standard,
or the specific data points required by those disclosure requirements, that have been included by way
of references.
Transitional provision
In the first ESRS reporting year, Musti Group utilizes the transitional provision in accordance with ESRS
1 Appendix C for the following disclosure requirements:
ESRS E1-9
ESRS E5-6
ESRS S1-7
ESRS S1-13
In accordance with the double materiality assessment, Musti Group reports the verified sustainability
matters, their links to the business model and strategy, as well as the related policies, actions and
metrics in the relevant sections in accordance with the following reporting standards: E1, E5, S1, S2, S4
and G1. Musti has applied the transitional provisions for the ESRS S2 and ESRS S4 standards, resulting
in the disclosure of specific, material datapoints.
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Board of Directors’ Report
Governance
ESRS 2 GOV-1 Role of administrative, management, and supervisory bodies
The Board of Directors of Musti Group supervises the management of the Group and its operations,
including matters related to sustainability, and is the highest authority responsible for the Groups
sustainability. The Board of Directors approves the Groups strategy, business plan, operating principles,
and guidelines, which are linked to the objectives and principles of sustainable business.
The Groups CEO is responsible for implementing the operating principles and guidelines confirmed
by the Board of Directors, including sustainability targets and action plans, within the Group. The
members of the Group Management Team are responsible for implementing these within their own
areas of responsibility in accordance with the requirements set by the CEO.
The members of the Company’s Board of Directors and management team have diverse international
experience in retail and consumer business as well as other areas of business. Their professional
experience and age, nationality, and gender distribution complement each other, ensuring that the
company’s management has the most diverse expertise and background possible.
The are seven members in the Board of Directors: Cláudia Azevedo (chair), Jeffrey David, Johan
Dettel, João Dolores, Joanna Hummel, Tiina-Liisa Liukkonen and Eduardo Piedade (from 18 September
2025). In addition, João Amaral was member of the Board until 28 August 2025. All of them are non-
executive directors. The Board of Directors has two committees, Audit Committee and Remuneration
Committee. Both committees have charters where their key duties and operating principles are
confirmed by the Board of Directors. The members of the Audit Committee are Tiina-Liisa Liukkonen
(chair), Johan Dettel and João Dolores. The members of the Remuneration Committee are Cláudia
Azevedo (chair), Jeffrey David and Eduardo Piedade. 57% of the members of the Board of Directors are
male and 43% female.
In 2025, the management team consisted of ten members until August 31, 2025, and thereafter nine
members, all of whom except for the CEO were employees. The members of the management team are
executive directors. The members of the Group Management Team are David Rönnberg (CEO), Robert
Berglund, Annamaija Hujala, Nanna Martin-Löf, Pamela Nelimarkka, Ellinor Nilsson, Malin Nygren,
Daniel Pettersson and Sami Tanner. In addition, Erik Skjærstad was a member of the management team
until August 31, 2025. 44% of the management team members are male and 56% female. There are no
employee representatives in the management team or the Board of Directors.
The Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the independence of its members. The majority
of the Board members must be independent of the Company. At least two Board members who are
independent of the Company must also be independent of the Company’s significant shareholders.
The Board members’ independence has been evaluated based on the Corporate Governance Code
2025 issued by the Finnish Securities Market Association. According to the evaluation, all Board
members (100%) are currently independent of the Company. In addition, Tiina-Liisa Liukkonen and
Joanna Hummel are independent of the Company’s significant shareholders. Jeffrey David and João
Dolores are members of the Board of Directors, and Johan Dettel and Eduardo Piedade deputy Board
members, of Flybird Holding Oy, which is the Company’s largest shareholder. In addition, Cláudia
Azevedo, João Dolores and Eduardo Piedade are all executive directors of Board of Directors of Sonae,
which is the Company’s ultimate parent company.
Duties and responsibilities of the administration, management, and supervisory bodies
The Charter of the Board of Directors defines the duties of the Board of Directors include to arrange the
control on the Company’s sustainability reporting and the compliance of the reporting, and the review
and approval of the sustainability statement.
The Audit Committee is responsible for monitoring compliance with the sustainability reporting
process and reporting standards. The Company’s remuneration policy defines the principles for
remunerating the Company’s governing bodies, i.e., the Board of Directors and the CEO.
The Board of Directors approves the Groups strategy, business plan, operating principles, and
guidelines, which are linked to the objectives and principles of responsible business. The Groups
management team is responsible for implementing these and reports to the Groups Board of Directors
on the impacts, risks, and opportunities. The management team is also responsible for preparing the
sustainability statement and ensuring that sufficient resources are allocated for this. The corporate
responsibility team implements responsibility work, prepares the setting of objectives and indicators,
monitors and coordinates the implementation of operating principles in the Groups various functions,
and prepares the sustainability statement. The corporate responsibility team reports to the Groups
Chief Operating Officer.
The Board’s Audit Committee oversees the sustainability reporting process and compliance with
standards and approves the sustainability statement before it is submitted to the Board for approval.
The Audit Committee reviews the auditor’s observations on the sustainability statement. The Groups
internal audit assesses sustainability issues as part of its internal audit procedures. The company’s
management team has set targets and indicators for all Group operations to take sustainability issues
into account in business operations and support functions. The Group has prepared action plans based
on these targets and their implementation is monitored regularly.
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Board of Directors’ Report
The Groups Board of Directors and management team have extensive knowledge of sustainability
issues, which the members of the supervisory bodies have accumulated in their previous and current
positions. The Groups Chief Operating Officer has extensive knowledge of sustainability issues, and
the Chief Financial Officer is proficient in sustainability reporting. In addition, the Groups Board of
Directors and management team have access to internal and external experts who support them in
their duties, as well as the opportunity to participate in trainings. The Groups Chief Operating Officer
is responsible for ensuring that the corporate responsibility team has sufficient resources and expertise.
The Groups management team, members of the corporate responsibility team, and other persons
involved in preparing the sustainability report participate in training related to sustainability issues and
familiarize themselves with relevant literature and other materials in accordance with their roles. The
members of the Groups management team ensure, within their own areas of responsibility, that the
Group has sufficient expertise and competence with regard to the company’s material risks, impacts,
and opportunities.
The objectives of risk management are therefore to promote the implementation of the strategy,
the achievement of financial targets, the fulfillment of customer promises, the implementation of
responsible operating practices, and business continuity. Assessment and management are carried
out by identifying, assessing, managing, monitoring, and reporting key risks annually through risk
mapping. Management reports the results of risk mapping and risk management measures to the Audit
Committee.
ESRS 2 GOV-2 Information provided to and sustainability matters addressed by the
undertakings administrative, management and supervisory bodies
As part of the double materiality analysis process, the Board’s Audit Committee and Management Team
discussed the identified sustainability-related impacts, risks, and opportunities and provided feedback
on their assessment and scoring. The policies measures, and targets related to sustainability issues and
reporting are reported to the supervisory bodies whenever they are updated and when new policies,
targets, or measures are drawn up.
In 2025, the Audit Committee addressed the following sustainability topics:
CSRD-reporting
Review and approval of double materiality analysis, including impacts, risks, and opportunities
Risk management, including data protection, cybersecurity, and ESG-related risks
The management team participated in the approval of the results of the double materiality analysis in
2024. In 2025, the management team discussed the following topics:
Status update on preparations for CSRD compliance during 2025
Presentation of action plan work and reporting process
Approval of action plans, indicators, and targets
Policies, management of sustainability matters, and climate change
ESRS 2 GOV-3 Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive schemes
Sustainability considerations were not taken into account in the remuneration of Musti Groups Board of
Directors or Management Team in the 2025 financial year.
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ESRS 2 GOV-4 Statement on due diligence
Part of the due diligence process Topic
Location and page number in
sustainability statement
Integration of the due diligence process into
governance, strategy and business model
GOV-1 The role of the administrative, management and supervisory bodies ESRS 2 GOV-2, sustainability statement p. 33
SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model ESRS 2 SBM-3, sustainability statement p. 39
Engaging with affected stakeholders in all key
steps of the due diligence
SBM-2 Interests and views of stakeholders ESRS 2 SBM-2, sustainability statement p. 38
IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks and opportunities ESRS 2 IRO-1, sustainability statement p. 43
Identification and assessment of adverse effects
on humans and the environment
IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks and opportunities ESRS 2 IRO-1, sustainability statement p. 43
Taking actions to address negative impacts on
the people and the environment
G1-1 Corporate culture and business conduct policies and corporate culture G1-1, sustainability statement p. 85
G1-2 Management of relationships with suppliers G1-2, sustainability statement p. 85
G1-3 Prevention and detection of corruption and bribery G1-3, sustainability statement p. 86
S1-4 Taking action on material impacts on own workforce, and approaches to mitigating material risks and pursuing material
opportunities related to own workforce, and effectiveness of those actions
S1-4, sustainability statement p. 69
S2-4 Taking action on material impacts on value chain workers, and approaches to managing material risks and pursuing material
opportunities related to value chain workers, and effectiveness of those action
S2-4, sustainability statement p. 79
S4-4 Taking action on material impacts on consumers and end-users, and approaches to managing material risks and pursuing material
opportunities related to consumers and end- users, and effectiveness of those actions
S4-4, sustainability statement p. 82
Tracking the effectiveness of actions S1-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities S1-5, sustainability statement p. 72
S2-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities S2-5, sustainability statement p. 79
S4-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities S4-5, sustainability statement p. 83
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The strategic focus areas are:
New customers and especially puppy customers as market share increasers
Increase sales through the use of data in customer loyalty marketing
Expanding the store network and increasing the number of service points
Nordic market leadership in both the store network and e-commerce
Improving sales margin by continuously developing our own and exclusive products
Scalable business that delivers operational economies of scale through growing volumes and
leveraging digitalization
Sustainability is integrated into the profitability and growth strategy described above. The business
model is implemented in such a way that the development of sustainability topics is part of daily
business operations in accordance with the strategy in various functions. The company is committed
to operating ethically, combating corruption and bribery, developing responsible sourcing, and
maintaining transparency in supply chains. Our goals include reducing the environmental impact of
our operations and continuously developing social perspectives both in our own operations and in
the supply chain, as well as offering safe and high-quality products for pets. The company’s strategic
priorities include significant sustainability impacts, risks, and opportunities that are important to
identify and manage. More information about these ESRS 2 SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and
opportunities and their interaction with the strategy and business model in chapter Interaction with
strategy and business model in page 42.
Business model
Musti Group operates in the pet market in Finland, Sweden, Norway, the Baltic countries, and Portugal
as a manufacturer, contract manufacturer, and retailer of pet products. The company’s most significant
customer groups are pet owners, especially owners of dogs and cats, who value high-quality, safe
and expertly selected products and comprehensive services. The company’s most significant product
category is pet food. The product range also includes products, accessories, and services related to pet
care and well-being. Services include grooming, training, massage, and nutritional services, as well as
veterinary services in certain stores. Musti’s product and service range and market position enable it to
promote the sustainability of supply chains, reduce environmental impacts, and increase the well-being
of pets. The company’s extensive customer base and own brand portfolios enable it to bring sustainable
product choices and responsible practices to the market.
ESRS 2 GOV-5 Risk management and internal controls over sustainability reporting
Risk management is part of the Company’s management system, and risks related to sustainability
reporting are identified, assessed, and managed as part of the Company’s normal risk management
work. The Company regularly assesses risks based on their likelihood of occurrence and magnitude of
impact. Risk assessment takes into account their impact on the Company’s operations, personnel, and
strategic objectives.
Sustainability reporting is part of the Company’s statutory reporting and is the responsibility of
the Company’s Chief Operating Officer. The sustainability reporting process is led by the Company’s
corporate responsibility team, with the participation of the finance team.
To ensure the content and coverage of sustainability reporting, it is carried out by persons familiar
with the subject. In addition, roles and processes have been defined to ensure the quality, coverage, and
accuracy of sustainability reporting. Sustainability reporting is also supported by external, independent
verification.
The company has control measures in place to ensure the accuracy of its sustainability reporting,
and these control measures will continue to be developed in 2026.
If necessary, the Board’s Audit Committee may utilize internal audit to ensure the accuracy and
comprehensiveness of sustainability reporting and to develop it further.
The most significant risks identified in sustainability reporting relate to data availability, the creation
of a data collection process, and the adequacy and expertise of human resources. Risks related to
data availability and the data collection process are managed through systematic working methods
and by building robust and controlled processes for data collection. To ensure the adequacy of human
resources, the Company has increased the human resources of its corporate responsibility team and
enabled the training of people involved in reporting in relation to CSRD reporting. The Company also
receives expert support for sustainability reporting from experts at its parent company, Sonae.
Strategy
ESRS 2 SBM-1 Strategy, Business Model and Value Chain
Strategy
The goal of Musti Groups strategy is to build a strong, responsible and scalable retail entity for pet
products and services that creates long-term value for customers, employees, owners and other
stakeholders.
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Musti Groups integrated business model includes stores, e-commerce, and in-store services. It serves
its Nordic customers through the store chains Musti ja Mirri, Musti, Arken Zoo and Peten Koiratarvike, as
well as purely through the online store such as Peten Koiratarvike and Vetzoo. In the Baltic countries, Musti
Group serves its customers in Pet City stores and online. In Portugal, Musti Group conducts business
under the name ZU.
The Musti store concept is based on a wide selection of pet food and supplies combined with a culture
of knowledgeable and service-minded employees. In addition to personal service, dialogue with customers
is also conducted through the consumer service function. Musti’s goal is to build a community of pet
owners and pets around it and to increase the well-being of both pets and people. In addition, cooperation
is carried out with various stakeholders at all stages of the value chain.
In 2025, the number of Musti Groups employees in Finland was 1,271, in Sweden 1,139, in Norway
710, in Estonia 215, in Latvia 140, in Lithuania 131 and in Portugal 348. Section S1-6 Characteristics of the
company’s employees contains more information about Musti Groups personnel.
Production inputs and the procedures for collecting, developing and securing those inputs
Musti Groups key production inputs consist of raw materials for the manufacture and distribution of
pet products and food, manufacturing capacity, supplier network, logistics services, and warehousing
and distribution infrastructure. In addition, skilled personnel and expertise are an essential part of the
company’s value creation. Musti manages and secures these production inputs through operating methods
that include responsibility, security of supply, and resource efficiency.
Musti ensures the quality and availability of production inputs by maintaining a responsible and
monitored supplier network. All suppliers are required to commit Musti’s Supplier Code of Conduct or
amfori’s Code of Conduct, and especially in high-risk countries, suppliers must pass amfori BSCI audits.
Suppliers are evaluated to ensure the implementation of social and ethical responsibility.
In 2023, Musti strengthened the security of supply of raw materials by acquiring the full ownership of
Premium Pet Food Suomi Oy in Lieto, which produces pet food. The factory uses, among other things, local raw
materials, which shortens logistics chains and supports delivery of reliability and sustainability goals.
Musti ensures the quality and availability of production inputs by maintaining a responsible and
monitored supply chain network. This includes the development of the operations of the central
warehouse, the optimization of store deliveries, and e-commerce logistics. The logistical service model
supports cost-efficiency and responsiveness in the supply chain.
Although physical inputs are central, a significant part of Musti’s ability to utilize production inputs
is based on the expertise of its personnel, especially in procurement, logistics, warehousing and quality
management. The competence of the personnel is a critical resource for the company’s strategic position
and is supported by continuous development.
Outputs and results and their current and expected benefits for stakeholders
Musti Groups business model creates value for customers, investors, and other stakeholders by offering
high-quality pet products, comprehensive services, and a safe, reliable shopping experience. The
company’s outputs, such as a wide range of products, own and exclusive brands, service packages and
an efficiently functioning multi-channel distribution network, form the basis for the value creation that
stakeholders experience in a concrete way.
Musti Group creates value for its customers by offering a wide range of products. Pet food responds
to customers’ key needs to provide nutritionally high-quality food for their pets. The significant share
of own and exclusive brands in the product portfolio improves the quality of the offering and enables
products that are tailored to customer needs and have a competitive price-quality ratio.
In addition, Musti Group offers services such as fur care, training and veterinary services that support
customers’ ability to take care of their pets comprehensively. With these services, Musti Group acts as a
one-stop-shop, which increases the ease of customer transactions and deepens customer relationships.
The multi-channel business model 497 stores and a significantly growing online store – improves the
accessibility and reliability of the service. E-commerce, which accounts for about a quarter of total sales,
offers customers flexible ways of doing business even in changing market conditions. The expansion of the
store network and the role of higher margins of private labels will improve Musti’s long-term competitiveness
and growth potential.
For investors, Musti’s business success benefits in the form of increased company value. Musti’s
growth is supported by the pet parenting phenomenon, which leads to customers investing in the well-
being of their pets. Musti’s investments in supply chain efficiency and responsible sourcing also play a
key role in Musti’s long-term value creation, as they increase delivery reliability and cost-efficiency.
For other stakeholders, such as suppliers, employees and societies, Musti creates value in the form of
sustainable supply chain development, jobs and investments, among other things.
For suppliers, Musti offers a long-term partnership model in which sustainability criteria, audits, and
continuous performance evaluation support the transparency and development of the supply chain.
Cooperation with suppliers supports the sustainability requirements of the entire value chain.
For employees, Musti offers a growing, internationally expanding operating environment, where the
expertise of the personnel is a key competitive factor. The expansion of operations to seven countries
and the growth of the store network will create jobs and training opportunities.
More broadly, Musti’s operations support social benefits, for example through the development of local
production at the pet food factory in Finland, which strengthens the regional economy and shortens supply
chains. In addition, investments in cooperation with transport partners in emission reductions in logistics,
such as the use of biodiesel and preparations for the introduction of electric trucks, support broader climate
and environmental goals.
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Value chain
Musti Groups value chain consists of products manufactured under its own brands, global brands
product range managed with suppliers, the transport of products by transport partners to warehouses,
a warehousing network and multi-channel distribution channels to consumers through a store network
or an online store. The multi-channel model, which combines physical and digital services, enables
wide service experience. The end users are pets and their owners, whose needs guide the development
of the product and service range. Musti has a customer community of approximately 1.9 million loyal
customers, which allows feedback and demand signals to be used directly in the optimization of its
value chain. Musti combines its supplier network, in-house production and logistics in line with the
needs of end customers, influencing the entire chain from the perspectives of sustainability, quality, and
delivery reliability.
ESRS 2 SBM-2 Interests and views of stakeholders
Musti Groups key stakeholders include employees, consumers, partners and suppliers, investors
and analysts, as well as pet associations and other NGO partners. Regular dialogue ensures that the
expectations set by different stakeholders for Musti Groups sustainability work and the needs for the
development of operations are taken into account.
Employees are a key resource, as their competence, commitment, and well-being have a direct
impact on the quality of business and the achievement of sustainability goals. Key employee views
and expectations include good team spirit and a functional work environment, equal pay and career
development opportunities, opportunities to increase competence, open communication, and that
the company’s values are in line with their own values. The focus of HR measures is on good employee
experience, which starts with recruitment and continues throughout the employment relationship.
Consumers and pets are an important customer group for the Group, and the company focuses on
sustainable growth to create value for pet parents as well as owners and other stakeholders. Consumers
form a diverse group whose purchasing behavior is influenced by both emotional and rational factors. The
customer base covers a wide range of ages and incomes, but city dwellers and young adults in particular
are a growing segment. Consumers are digitally active; they search for information online, compare
products, and appreciate easy online shopping.
Consumers’ interests and views are primarily related to the well-being and safety of pets. Customers
expect products and services to support their pet’s health and comfort. Responsibility and sustainability
are important values. Digital services, e-commerce and home delivery also increase customer satisfaction
and a good customer experience. Tailored diets and high-quality products are seen as added value, and
some consumers are prepared to pay a premium price for quality.
Consumers’ views are heard in customer encounters in stores, through contacts through customer
service channels and customer satisfaction surveys. Interaction also takes place on social media.
Suppliers are key players in the value chain, as the reliability of product delivery has a direct impact on
the quality of business. Cooperation with suppliers aims at a long-term, mutually beneficial relationship,
as well as transparency in the supply chain and the development of sustainability topics.
The purpose of Musti Groups stakeholder dialogue is to ensure that the company’s strategy,
sustainability targets and operational activities reflect the expectations of pets and their owners,
employees, suppliers, communities, and investors. The company’s operations are based on its purpose to
make the lives of pets and their families easier, safer and more fun throughout the pets life cycle, and this
purpose guides how Musti identifies and interprets the needs and concerns of its stakeholders.
Stakeholder dialogue helps Musti identify the impacts, risks, and opportunities related to the
company’s operations. With regard to customers, interaction takes place especially through the loyalty
program. Customer feedback provides information about customers’ needs but also concerns. This
information can be used in assortment decisions, service concepts, and the development of personnel
competence.
Internal feedback, training, and the results obtained through the eNPS survey and the Fairness Index,
among other things, provide a basis for developing well-being at work and strengthening the corporate
culture.
The dialogue with suppliers aims to ensure sustainability of the supply chain. Regular cooperation
ensures mutual benefits for both the supplier and Musti Group. This dialogue is important because
delivery reliability and quality are essential in Musti’s operations from the perspective of meeting
consumer expectations.
In addition, Musti actively participates in pet community cooperation, through which it promotes the
well-being of pets and supports pet parents with information and services. Dialogue with pet communities
produces valuable information on the needs and expectations of consumers and communities regarding
the well-being of pets and responsible operations.
Investor interaction, on the other hand, focuses on the development of transparent reporting,
sustainability targets, and risk management. Investors’ expectations affect how Musti builds its
sustainability strategy and how it reports its progress.
The aim of the stakeholder dialogue is also to support Musti’s sustainability commitments. Musti is
committed to the principles of the UN Global Compact, which guides the company’s operations especially
from the perspectives of human rights, labor rights, and environmental protection. This commitment
strengthens Musti’s sustainability work in relation to suppliers, employees, and society.
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Musti Group utilizes stakeholder dialogue as a mechanism through which the company collects and
interprets the expectations of its key stakeholders and utilizes them in the continuous development of its
operations. Identified observations through dialogue are utilized in business development in such a way
that Musti’s operations are aligned with its purpose, values and stakeholder expectations, and that the
company is able to create value in a sustainable way throughout its value chain.
Channels and topics of interaction with key stakeholders
Stakeholder
groups Interaction channels and cooperation Key stakeholder interests and views
Customers Customer encounters in stores
Customer service channels
Customer satisfaction surveys
Social media
Product quality and safety
Origin of products
Responsible supply chain
Musti as an employer and employee well-being
Employees Teamwork and management
Meetings
Onboarding and trainings
Intranet
Employee surveys
Well-being and occupational health in the workplace
Occupational safety
Environmental work
Diversity and equality
Suppliers Supplier meetings
Trade fair meetings
Product quality and safety
Origin of products and traceability
Packaging
Supplier’s environmental work
Supplier as an employer
Respect of Human rights
Investors,
capital markets,
authorities
Meetings and share of information
Negotiations
General meeting
Financial reporting and press
conferences
Webpages
Profitable business
Good governance
Climate change mitigation
Responsible supply chain
Respect of Human rights
Anti-corruption and anti-bribery
Pet community Events and happenings
Campaigns
Trainings and knowledge sharing
Well-being and health of pets and pet parents
NGO’s Events and meetings
Shared campaigns and communication
Increase of pet well-being and health
Decrease of pet feed wastage
In 2025, Musti Group did not make any significant changes to its current strategy based on stakeholder
views and did not anticipate any changes in the medium term.
The Management Team processes the results of the personnel surveys and the customer satisfaction
survey. Representatives of the company’s management report on the most important stakeholder’s
views on various matters under discussion to the Board of Directors.
ESRS 2 SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with the
strategy and business model.
Musti Groups growth and profitability strategy is linked to several material sustainability topics that have
been identified in the double materiality analysis. The identified sustainability topics cover the impacts of
the company’s operations on people and the environment, as well as the financial risks and opportunities
related to financial performance. The Groups material sustainability themes are Climate Change and
Mitigation (ESRS E1), Resource Use and Circular Economy (ESRS E5), Own Workforce (ESRS S1), Value
Chain Workers (ESRS S2), Consumers and End Users (ESRS S4) and Business Conduct (ESRS G1). The
material impacts are on the value chain, personnel, and customers, as well as pets. Managing these
impacts, risks and opportunities supports strategic growth, profitability and the development of a scalable
business.
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Standard Material topic Impact
Actual /
Potential A/P
Positive/
Negative + / -
Risks and Opportunities
Risk /
Opportunity R/O
Value chain location x Time Horizont x
Upstream
Own activities
Downstream
Short-term
Medium-term
Long-term
Climate
Change E1
Climate change mitigation Pet food raw materials have negative impact on climate throug
emissions caused by agriculture and transportation
A - x x x x
Suppliers causes emissions when manufacturing products and
have negative impact on climate
A - x x x
Resource
Use and the
Circular
Economy
E5
Resource Inflows The use of recycled materials in the products in Musti's product
range has the opportunity to save natural resources and have
positive impact on environment.
A + x x x x x
Developing product and packaging materials and reducing the
amount of materials used has a positive impact on the environment.
A + x x x x x
Resource Outflows The recycling instructions on the packaging have a positive
impact on the environment by recycled materials.
A + x x x x x
Waste The waste generated by Musti's own operations causes negative
impacts on the environment.
A - x x x x
Own
workforce
S1
Working conditions, Working
time
Promoting work-life balance, for example through flexible working
hours, has a positive impact on employees and their work ability.
A + x x x x
Working conditions, Adequate
wages
Diverse employee benefits and equal pay are part of a good
employee experience and have a positive impact on employees.
A + x x x x
Working conditions, Health
and safety
Good management and performance management increase team
job satisfaction and employee well-being, which has a positive
impact on employees.
A + x x x x
Equal treatment and
opportunities for all, Gender
equality and equal pay for work
of equal value
Equal treatment of personnel, e.g. gender equality, at work and
in matters related to the employment relationship and salary
increases job satisfaction, commitment and productivity positive
impact on employee.
A + x x x x
Equal treatment and
opportunities for all, Training
and skills development
A lack of training opportunities and skills development can
negatively impact employees and work motivation.
P - Trust in the employer weakens and can lead
to a shortage of skilled personnel or staff
retention can be a risk to the company’s
operations, turnover and employer brand.
R x x x
Equal treatment and
opportunities for all, Diversity
A diverse workforce (e.g. age, gender, cultural background, etc.)
increases the company's ability to innovate and understand the
needs and trends of the customer base and develop the business -
positive impact on employee. Diversity
A + x x x x
Other work-related rights,
Privacy
Weaknesses in information security can create a risk to the
confidentiality of employees' personal information - negative
impact on employee.
P - Potential leaks of personal information from
employees can cause costs for the company
and affect the brand.
R x x x
Musti Group material impacts, risks and opportunities
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Standard Material topic Impact
Actual /
Potential A/P
Positive/
Negative + / -
Risks and Opportunities
Risk /
Opportunity R/O
Value chain location x Time Horizont x
Upstream
Own activities
Downstream
Short-term
Medium-term
Long-term
Workers in
the value
chain S2
Working conditions Good treatment of workers in the supply chain is the starting
point for cooperation with suppliers. Supplier cooperation aims
for positive and human rights-based treatment of workers adn
preventing negative ones.
A -/+ x x x x
Consumers
and endusers
S4
Information-related impacts for
consumers and/or end-users,
Privacy
Data leaks involving consumers' personal data can have a negative
impact on consumers.
P - Data breaches targeting consumers' personal
data pose a risk to Musti's operations, which
could negatively impact revenue.
O x x x x
Information-related impacts for
consumers and/or end-users,
Privacy
The e-com shopping industry is facing the threat of cybercrime,
for example, threats to electronic payment processing, which can
have a negative impact on the online shopping customer.
P - Cybercrime targeting e-com shopping can
have a negative impact on revenue and brand
value.
R x x x x
Information-related impacts for
consumers and/or end-users,
Freedom of expression
Failure in customer service or handling customer feedback causes
a negative experience for the customer and the reaction is to
share the incident on social media.
P - A big uproar on social media damages Musti's
image and has a negative impact on revenue.
R x x x x
Information-related impacts for
consumers and/or end-users,
Access to (quality) information
Incorrect product and packaging labeling can mislead the
consumer and cause a negative impact on the pet.
P - The negative impact is on the brand's
reputation, which can reduce the sales of the
brand's products.
R x x x x
Information-related impacts for
consumers and/or end-users,
Access to (quality) information
The advice provided by knowledgeable store staff in customer
service situations and Musti's pet care and health services increase
the level of expertise of pet owners, which has a positive impact on
the well-being and health of their pets.
A + The number of loyal customers increases,
which has a positive impact on sales and the
brand value.
O x x x x
Personal safety of consumers
and/or endusers, Health and
safety
Product defects (for example, electrical equipment defects) can
endanger the health of pets and cause property damage to the
consumer.
P - Negative impact on Musti's sales and brand
value.
R x x x x
Personal safety of consumers
and/or endusers, Health and
safety
Poor quality pet food can jeopardize the well-being and health of
the pet.
P - Poor quality pet food can weaken the value of
the product brand and have a negative impact
on revenue.
R x x x x
Social inclusion of consumers
and/or endusers, Responsible
marketing practices
Unethical marketing can negatively impact consumers. P - Unethical marketing can cause a stir on
social media, negatively impacting Musti's
reputation and brand value.
R x x x x
G1-->S4 Animal welfare Musti's pet care and health services and trainings promote the
wellfare of pets - positive impact on pets.
A + Increased use of Musti's pet care and health
services increases sales
O x x
Governance
G1
Corruption and bribery Code of Conduct training has a positive impact on employees and
management. Their knowledge and vigilance can help prevent the
risk of bribery and detect potential corruption cases.
A + x x x x
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Environmental impacts, risks and opportunities (E1 and E5)
Supply chain procurement, logistics and material choices for products account for the most significant
climate and resource impacts. Changing regulations and customer and investor requirements
emphasize the importance of reducing emissions, energy efficiency, and the responsibility of product
materials. Material risks include disruptions in supply chains, rising costs, and tightening environmental
requirements. Opportunities arise from solutions based on the circular economy, the utilization of
circular economy perspectives in the development of private labels, for example by using recycled raw
materials, and the optimization of transport and the transition to renewable fuels.
Expanding Musti Groups store network and increasing the number of service points will increase Musti
Groups environmental impact, for example through increased energy consumption or waste volumes.
Social impacts, risks and opportunities (S1, S2 and S4)
The material impacts related to our personnel (S1) concern well-being at work, safety, competence
development, and equal treatment. Growth in line with the strategy requires effective competence
management and the availability of labor. Material risks include challenges in coping at work,
recruitment in difficult labor market conditions, and ensuring competence in new stores and services.
Committed and healthy personnel support the growth and customer strategy.
Risks related to workers in the value chain (S2) concern working conditions and human rights,
especially in international supply chains. The Supplier Code of Conduct and supplier audits are key to
managing these impacts. Supplier assessments and sustainability requirements reduce social risks and
support strategic objectives.
The impacts on consumers and end-users (S4) are related to product safety, animal welfare, and
quality of services. Product safety risks can have an impact on reputation and business continuity. Pet
welfare services and products that meet customer expectations have significant potential to strengthen
customer loyalty.
Impacts, risks and opportunities of good governance (G1)
Essential aspects of conducting business concern the prevention of corruption and bribery, especially
in procurement and contract processes. The effects are directed at people in ones own operations or in
the supply chain. The company has zero tolerance for corruption, and risk management is supported by
the Code of Conduct for both its own staff and suppliers; suppliers are subject to approval procedures.
Ethical sourcing supports the strategy and the responsible growth of private labels. Suspicions of
misconduct can be reported through the whistleblowing channel. Good governance practices and
principles promote ethical business conduct, reduce risks of misconduct, and increase stakeholder
trust. Musti Groups business operations are based on ethical and compliant operations, which
strengthens trust in investors and customers.
Interaction with strategy and business model
In accordance with the strategy, we are aiming for new customers, especially puppy and kitten
customers, to increase our market share. Sustainability impacts are related to environmental impacts,
as the consumption of products increases, and so do the environmental impacts, such as the carbon
footprint. Guiding customers to make responsible choices, for example, to products that have been
designed with recyclability in mind, or materials that are from recycled sources, makes it possible to
reduce environmental impact. If communication or product information is inadequate, there may be
negative effects on the consumer or pet, which can lead to a risk of reputational damage. On the other
hand, a comprehensive product range and high-quality service are an opportunity, which makes it
possible to meet customer expectations and customer satisfaction.
Increasing sales through the use of data in customer loyalty marketing can improve targeting and
reduce unnecessary marketing, which supports resource efficiency and is reflected in a positive impact
on the environment, for example, in reduced material consumption. Data management requires strong
data security. GDPR violations and data misuse can undermine customer trust and can cause a negative
impact on customers, for example in the form of security leaks. The opportunity is that data analytics
can be used to optimize warehouse operations and store deliveries and reduce waste, which creates
opportunities for improving profitability.
Expanding the store network and increasing the number of service points will increase the amount
of environmental impact, for example, through increased energy consumption or waste volumes. The
energy efficiency requirements of properties may indirectly cause cost pressures through increased
rents for retail premises. At the same time, energy-efficient stores and the use of renewable energy are
an opportunity to reduce environmental impacts.
Nordic market leadership in terms of the store network and e-commerce increases volume and
environmental footprint but also gives us the opportunity to influence industry trends. Responsible
practices, such as good marketing and communications practices, prevent reputational risks. In a
leading position, there is an opportunity to set up good practices and develop the industry.
Improving the sales margin by developing our own and exclusive products provides an opportunity
to develop circular economy solutions. The quality and safety of the products maintain customer trust.
Sustainable materials and circular economy solutions are an opportunity to differentiate a brand from
its competitors.
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Scalable business that takes advantage of digitalization makes operations more efficient, but the
energy consumption of data centers can increase. Cybersecurity risks and the rapid obsolescence
of technology can pose challenges. However, automation and digitalization can improve resource
efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint.
Musti Groups material impacts arise from both its own operations and business relationships. The
impacts generated by the company’s operations include the environmental impacts of the company’s
own production plant, warehousing and stores, as well as the social impacts related to product safety
and employees.
However, a significant part of the impact is generated through business relationships, especially in
the supply chain. Musti is involved in the environmental and human rights impacts generated through
its suppliers, as the products and materials are sourced from an extensive supplier network. Suppliers
are guided to sustainability through ethical guidelines and amfori BSCI audits, but the effects are
ultimately created by the practices of these external actors.
Logistics partners have material, indirect impacts, especially in relation to emissions in the transport
chain. Musti strives to reduce these impacts through cooperation and steering instruments, even
though the effects are created through the partners’ activities.
Therefore, Musti Groups involvement in material impacts is divided into two categories: direct
impacts, which the company can influence through its own operations, and indirect impacts,
which arise through supplier and logistics relationships and which the company manages through
requirements, audits and collaboration.
Musti Group has not made a precise estimate of the impact of material risks and opportunities on
the financial result, cash flows or financial position in the financial year 2025 and the company has not
anticipated the above-mentioned financial impacts in the short, medium or long term. In addition,
Musti Group has not assessed the resilience of the company’s strategy and business model and its
ability to address material impacts and risks or to take advantage of material opportunities.
Musti Group does not have its own entity-specific sustainability topics to report.
Managing impacts, risks and opportunities
ESRS 2 IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks
and opportunities
Musti Group has assessed and identified the actual and potential impacts, risks and opportunities in
its own operations and upstream and downstream of the value chain. At the end of the value chain,
particular attention was paid to the assessment of adverse effects related to consumers and end
users. The assessment has been carried out in accordance with the principles of double materiality
assessment (DMA) (ESRS 1, chapter 3). The sustainability topics identified as a result of the assessment
are what Musti Group focuses on in the development of sustainable business and reports in its
sustainability statement in accordance with the CSRD.
The identification and assessment of impacts, risks and opportunities was based on the company’s
previous sustainability assessments and expert workshops, as well as external sources, such as an
industry-specific analysis and qualitative expert assessments. The assessment covered the company’s
own operations and key parts of the value chain as a high-level analysis.
The double materiality assessment process was carried out for the first time between 2023 and 2024.
The assessment process used public and internal sources, stakeholder interviews, personal materiality
assessment, and working group assessment. In 2021, Musti Group carried out a materiality analysis to
identify its impact on people and the environment. The results of this study on the identified sustainability
topics serve as a basic starting point for the assumptions. In the background analysis phase of the process,
they were supplemented based on the topic recommendations of sector-specific sustainability standards
and information found on the websites and reports of peer companies, among other things. Based on
the background analysis, the most significant sustainability topics in the sector were related to, among
other things, climate change mitigation, taking circular economy perspectives into account in business
and product development, issues related to the working conditions of the company’s own workforce and
employees in the value chain, and taking into account the impacts on consumers and end users.
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The double materiality analysis was carried out in three main phases:
1. Understanding context: Evaluating internal materials, evaluating reporting standards found in the
business area, evaluating peers and trends, understanding stakeholder views and interests, and
conducting stakeholder interviews.
2. Identification of actual and potential impacts, risks and opportunities (IROs) related to sustainability
topics in accordance with the results of the first phase: An internal team assesses the identified
impacts, risks and opportunities.
3. Assessment of the significance of the identified impacts, risks and opportunities related to
sustainability topics and the result of the assessment: The significance assessment was carried out
through an internal survey, the results were processed and approved by the Management Team.
The prioritization of the identified impacts, risks and opportunities was assessed by internal experts
using a survey conducted in the Webropol tool to assess the impact materiality and financial materiality.
The outcome of the assessment is a list of Musti Groups material sustainability topics.
Assessment of materiality of impacts and financial risks and opportunities
In the process of identifying and assessing material actual and potential impacts, Musti Groups own
operations and value chain were mapped. The value chain was examined holistically in order to identify
impacts or other factors that affect the environment or people, both in Musti Groups own operations
and upstream and downstream of the value chain.
The double materiality assessment was started in 2023 by consulting key stakeholder representatives
(e.g. investor/analyst, pet association, supplier, company management). The interviews emphasized
reducing climate impacts, investing in employee well-being, especially employees working in customer
service in stores, responsible use of resources, cooperation with suppliers, and investing in product
quality and safety.
The assessment, which was carried out in 2024, identified both negative and positive impacts
on people and the environment that may arise through Musti Groups own operations or business
relationships (e.g. suppliers, subcontractors, customers). The location of the impacts in the value chain
was described in the assessment documentation prepared during the analysis phase.
The materiality analysis examined the impacts and related dependencies, together with the risks and
opportunities that may arise from them. The identified environmental and social impacts were assessed
as cause-and-effect chains, which made it possible to assess potential financial risks and business
opportunities.
The materiality of the identified sustainability impacts was assessed in accordance with the
principles of the standards (ESRS 1, chapter 3). The assessment examined the actual and potential
negative and positive impacts. The materiality of the negative impacts was assessed in accordance with
the severity scale, the extent of the impact and the irreparable nature of the impact. The materiality of
the impact was calculated as the product of severity (negative)/utility (positive) and probability.
Financial risks and opportunities were assessed as the product of scale and probability. In the first
phase, each impact, risk and opportunity was assessed on a scale of 1 to 5. The second stage consisted
of changing the rating scales to a scale of 1–3. This was done because Musti Groups assessment
became part of Sonae Groups double materiality analysis with the acquisition completed in 2024.
This ensured consistent results across the subsidiaries of the Sonae Group. Sonae Group defined the
materiality threshold as 2 on a scale of 1 to 3. The results were evaluated qualitatively by the internal
working group and the management team. On this basis, minor reweightings were made. Musti Groups
Management Team approved the result of the double materiality analysis in September 2024.
Musti Groups material sustainability topics to be reported in the sustainability statement are:
ESRS E1 Climate change / Climate change mitigation
ESRS E5 Resource Use and Circular Economy
ESRS S1 Own workforce
ESRS S2 Value Chain Workers
ESRS S4 Consumers and end-users
ESRS G1 Conduct of business / Anti-corruption and anti-corruption / Animal welfare*
*G1/Animal welfare is addressed in the context of reporting standard S4 Consumers and end-users
During 2025, the impacts of the Baltic PetCity business on material sustainability topics were also
assessed. As PetCity operates in the same business area as Musti Group, there were no changes to the
sustainability topics that had already been identified.
The Management Team validated the results of the double materiality analysis conducted in 2024,
stating that they will continue to be up-to-date in 2025. The results of the sustainability review were
discussed by the Board’s Audit Committee in November 2025. Internal control related to sustainability
topics is based on clearly defined roles, documentation practices and management reviews.
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So far, the sustainability risk assessment has been carried out as a separate process. These risks have
not yet been compared with other risks in the integrated risk assessment framework. The company
recognizes the need to develop risk management practices so that sustainability-related risks can be
taken into account as part of the prioritization of overall risks in the future.
The identification and assessment of sustainability-related opportunities takes place as part of the
materiality assessment and the business units’ operational planning. Opportunities are discussed as part
of decision-making, but the process does not cover all opportunities systematically.
ESRS 2 IRO-2 Disclosure requirements in ESRS covered by the undertaking’s
sustainability statement
Double Materiality Assessment: Non-Material Topics
ESRS E2 Pollution
Non-material topic. The potential for pollution did not emerge as a material sustainability topic in the
double materiality analysis. There is no major risk of environmental pollution in Musti Groups own
operations, and minor risks are managed through good operational planning and preventive measures.
Musti Group did not carry out a detailed assessment of the actual and potential impacts, risks and
opportunities upstream and downstream of the value chain due to the lack of reliable information
available. The topic was also not raised in the stakeholder consultations.
ESRS E3 Water and marine resources
Non-material topic. The use of water resources in Musti Groups own operations did not emerge as a
material sustainability topic in the double materiality analysis. The use of water resources is relatively
small, the Groups operations are not located in water risk areas, and water use and wastewater are
monitored and managed as part of the environmental program. Musti Group did not carry out a detailed
assessment of the actual and potential impacts, risks and opportunities upstream and downstream of
the value chain due to the lack of reliable information available. Impacts on marine resources were not
identified at the analysis stage, so it was not assessed in the double materiality analysis. The topic was
also not raised in the stakeholder consultations.
ESRS E4 Biodiversity and ecosystems
Non-material topic. Biodiversity in Musti Groups own operations did not emerge as a material
sustainability topic in the double materiality analysis. The analysis assessed Musti Groups direct
ability to influence the progress of biodiversity loss and nature restoration. Musti Group did not carry
out a detailed assessment of the actual and potential impacts, risks and opportunities upstream and
downstream of the value chain due to the lack of reliable information on the supply chain. The topic was
also not raised in the stakeholder consultations.
ESRS S3 Affected Communities
Non-material topic. The civil and political rights of the affected communities as well as the rights of
vulnerable people were not identified as Musti Groups impacts on people in the impact analysis phase
of the double materiality analysis. The topic did not come up in the stakeholder consultations.
The material impacts, risks and opportunities are presented in the table of Musti Groups material
impacts, risks and opportunities in section ESRS 2 SMB 3 –Material impacts, risks and opportunities
and their interaction with the strategy and business model.
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List of datapoints in cross-cutting and topical standards that derive from other EU legislation
The following table shows datapoints derived from other EU legislation listed in Annex B of ESRS 2. The table shows where the datapoints are found in the Musti Groups Sustainability Statement and which datapoints
have been assessed as non-material on the basis of the double materiality analysis.
Disclosure requirement Datapoint
Location and
page number Sustainability information
Reference to other EU legislation
SFDR Pillar 3
Benchmark
Regulation
EU
Climate Law
ESRS 2 GOV-1 21 (d) 33 The board's gender diversity x x
ESRS 2 GOV-1 21 (e) 33 Percentage of board members who are independent x
ESRS 2 GOV-4 30 35 Statement of due diligence x
ESRS 2 SBM-1 40 (d) i Non-material Involvement in activities related to fossil fuel x x x
ESRS 2 SBM-1 40 (d) ii Non-material Involvement in activities related to chemical production x x
ESRS 2 SBM-1 40 (d) iii Non-material Involvement in activities related to controversial weapons x x
ESRS 2 SBM-1 40 (d) iv Non-material Involvement in activities related to cultivation and production of tobacco x
ESRS E1-1 14 53 Transition plan to reach climate neutrality by 2050 x
ESRS E1-1 16 (g) 53 Undertakings excluded from Paris-aligned benchmarks x x
ESRS E1-4 34 57 GHG emissions reduction targets x x x
ESRS E1-5 38 Non-material Energy consumption from fossil sources disaggregated by sources (only high
climate impact sectors)
x
ESRS E1-5 37 57 Energy consumption and mix x
ESRS E1-5 40–43 57 Energy intensity associated with activities in high climate impact sectors x
ESRS E1-6 44 58 Gross Scope 1, 2, 3 and Total GHG emissions x x x
ESRS E1-6 53–55 58 Gross GHG emissions intensity x x x
ESRS E1-7 56 Non material GHG removals and carbon credits x
ESRS E1-9 66 Information does not exist Exposure of the benchmark portfolio to climate-related physical risks x
ESRS E1-9 66 (a); 66 (c) Information does not exist Disaggregation of monetary amounts by acute and chronic physical risk.
Location of significant assets at material physical risk.
x
ESRS E1-9 67 (c) Information does not exist Breakdown of the carrying value of its real estate assets by energyefficiency
classes
x
ESRS E1-9 69 Information does not exist Degree of exposure of the portfolio to climate-related opportunities x
ESRS E2-4 28 Non-material Amount of each pollutant listed in Annex II of the E-PRTR Regulation
emitted to air, water and soil
x
ESRS E3-1 9 Non-material Water and marine resources x
ESRS E3-1 13 Non-material Dedicated policy x
ESRS E3-1 14 Non-material Sustainable oceans and seas x
ESRS E3-4 28 (c) Non-material Total water recycled and reused x
ESRS E3-4 29 Non-material Total water consumption in m3 per net revenue on own operations x
ESRS 2- IRO-1 - E4 16 (a) i Non-material x
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Disclosure requirement Datapoint
Location and
page number Sustainability information
Reference to other EU legislation
SFDR Pillar 3
Benchmark
Regulation
EU
Climate Law
ESRS 2 IRO-1 - E4 16 (b) Non-material x
ESRS 2 IRO 1 - E4 16 (c) Non-material x
ESRS E4-2 24 (b) Non-material Sustainable land / agriculture practices or policies x
ESRS E4-2 24 (c) Non-material Sustainable oceans / seas practices or policies x
ESRS E4-2 24 (d) Non-material Policies to address deforestation x
ESRS E5-5 37 (d) 65 Non-recycled waste x
ESRS E5-5 39 65 Hazardous waste and radioactive waste x
ESRS 2 SBM-3 - S1 14 (f) 67 Risk of incidents of forced labour x
ESRS 2 SBM-3 - S1 14 (g) 67 Risks of incidents of child labour x
ESRS S1-1 20 67 Human rights policy commitments x
ESRS S1-1 21 67 Due diligence policies on issues addressed by the fundamental International
Labor Organisation Conventions
x
ESRS S1-1 22 67 Processes and measures for preventing trafficking in human beings x
ESRS S1-1 23 67 Workplace accident prevention policy or management system x
ESRS S1-3 32 (c) 68 Grievance/complaints handling mechanisms x
ESRS S1-14 88 (b); 88'(c) 76 Number of fatalities and number and rate of work-related accidents x x
ESRS S1-14 88 € 76 Number of days lost to injuries, accidents, fatalities or illness x
ESRS S1-16 97 (a) 76 Unadjusted gender pay gap x x
ESRS S1-16 97 (b) 76 Excessive CEO pay ratio x
ESRS S1-17 103 (a) 76 Incidents of discrimination x
ESRS S1-17 104 (a) 76 Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights principles and OECD
guidelines
x x
ESRS 2 SBM-3 - S2 11 (b) 77 Significant risk of child labour or forced labour in the value chain x
ESRS S2-1 17 78 Human rights policy commitments x
ESRS S2-1 18 78 Policies related to value chain workers x
ESRS S2-1 19 78 Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights and OECD guidelines x x
ESRS S2-1 19 78 Due diligence policies on issues addressed by the fundamental ILO
Conventions
x
ESRS S2-4 36 79 Human rights issues and incidents connected to its upstream and
downstream value chain
x
ESRS S3-1 16 Non-material Human rights policy commitments x
ESRS S3-1 17 Non-material Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights, ILO principles or
OECD guidelines
x x
ESRS S3-4 36 Non-material Human rights issues and incidents x
ESRS S4-1 16 81 Policies related to consumers and end-users x
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Disclosure requirement Datapoint
Location and
page number Sustainability information
Reference to other EU legislation
SFDR Pillar 3
Benchmark
Regulation
EU
Climate Law
ESRS S4-1 17 81 Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights and OECD guidelines x x
ESRS S4-4 35 82 Non-material Human rights issues and incidents x
ESRS G1-1 10 (b) 85 Principles for anti-corruption or anti-bribery consistent with the UN
Convention against Corruption
x
ESRS G1-1 10 (d) 85 Protection of whistle- blowers x
ESRS G1-4 24 (a) 86 Fines for violation of anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws x x
ESRS G1-4 24 (b) 86 Standards of anti- corruption and anti-bribery x
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ESRS 2 General information
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
BP-1 General basis for preparation of sustainability statements 31
BP-2 Disclosures in relation to specific circumstances 31
GOV-1 The role of the administrative, management and supervisory bodies 33
GOV-2 Information provided to and sustainability matters addressed by the
undertaking’s administrative, management and supervisory bodies
34
GOV-3 Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive
schemes
34
GOV-4 Statement on due diligence 35
GOV-5 Risk management and internal controls over sustainability reporting 36
SBM-1 Strategy, business model and value chain 36
SBM-2 Interests and views of stakeholders 38
SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with
strategy and business model
39
IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material
impacts, risks and opportunities
43
IRO-2 Disclosure requirements in ESRS covered by the undertaking’s
sustainability statement
45
E1 Climate change
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
ESRS 2,
GOV-3
Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive
schemes
53
E1-1 Transition plan for climate change mitigation 53
ESRS 2,
SBM-3
Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with
strategy and business model
53
ESRS 2,
IRO-1
Description of the processes to identify and assess material
climate-related impacts, risks and opportunities
55
E1-2 Policies related to climate change mitigation and adaptation 55
E1-3 Actions and resources in relation to climate change policies 56
E1-4 Targets related to climate change mitigation and adaptation 57
E1-5 Energy consumption and mix 57
E1-6 Gross Scopes 1, 2, 3 and Total GHG emissions 58
E1-7 GHG removals and GHG mitigation projects financed through
carbon credits
N/A Non-material
E1-8 Internal carbon pricing N/A Non-material
E1-9 Anticipated financial effects from material physical and transition
risks and potential climate-related opportunities
N/A Phase-in
applied
Disclosure requirements in ESRS covered by the undertaking’s sustainability statement
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E5 Resource use and circular economy
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
ESRS 2, IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material
resource use and circular economy-related impacts, risks and
opportunities
62
E5-1 Policies related to resource use and circular economy 62
E5-2 Actions and resources related to resource use and circular economy 62
E5-3 Targets related to resource use and circular economy 63
E5-4 Resource inflows 64
E5-5 Resource outflows 64
E5-6 Anticipated financial effects from resource use and circular
economy-related impacts, risks and opportunities
N/A Phase-in
applied
S1 Own workforce
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
ESRS 2,
SBM-2
Interests and views of stakeholders 66
ESRS 2,
SBM-3
Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with
strategy and business model
66
S1-1 Policies related to own workforce 67
S1-2 Processes for engaging with own workers and workers
representatives about impacts
68
S1-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for own
workers to raise concerns
68
S1-4 Taking action on material impacts on own workforce, and
approaches to mitigating material risks and pursuing material
opportunities related to own workforce, and effectiveness of those
actions
69
S1-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing
positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities
72
S1-6 Characteristics of the undertaking’s employees 76
S1-7 Characteristics of non-employee workers in the undertaking’s own
workforce
N/A Phase-in
applied
S1-8 Collective bargaining coverage and social dialogue N/A Non-material
S1-9 Diversity metrics 75
S1-10 Adequate wages N/A Non-material
S1-11 Social protection N/A Non-material
S1-12 Persons with disabilities N/A Non-material
S1-13 Training and skills development metrics N/A Phase-in
applied
S1-14 Health and safety metrics 76
S1-15 Work-life balance metrics N/A Non-material
S1-16 Compensation metrics (pay gap and total compensation) 76
S1-17 Incidents, complaints and severe human rights impacts 76
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S2 Workers in value chain
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
ESRS 2,
SBM-2
Interests and views of stakeholders 77
ESRS 2,
SBM-3
Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with
strategy and business model
77
S2-1 Policies related to value chain workers 78
S2-2 Processes for engaging with value chain workers about impacts 78
S2-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for value
chain workers to raise concerns
78
S2-4 Taking action on material impacts on value chain workers, and
approaches to managing material risks and pursuing material
opportunities related to value chain workers, and effectiveness of
those action
79
S2-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing
positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities
79
S4 Consumers and end-users
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
ESRS 2,
SBM-2
Interests and views of stakeholders 80
ESRS 2,
SBM-3
Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with
strategy and business model
80
S4-1 Policies related to consumers and end-users 81
S4-2 Processes for engaging with consumers and end-users about
impacts
82
S4-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for
consumers and end-users to raise concerns
82
S4-4 Taking action on material impacts on consumers and end-
users, and approaches to managing material risks and pursuing
material opportunities related to consumers and end- users, and
effectiveness of those actions
82
S4-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing
positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities
83
G1 Business conduct
Disclosure
requirement Description Location
Additional
information
ESRS 2,
GOV-1
The role of the administrative, supervisory and management bodies ESRS 2 GOV-1
ESRS 2,
IRO-1
Description of the processes to identify and assess material
impacts, risks and opportunities
ESRS 2 IRO-1
G1-1 Corporate culture and business conduct policies and corporate
culture
85
G1-2 Management of relationships with suppliers 85 S2
G1-3 Prevention and detection of corruption and bribery 86
G1-4 Confirmed incidents of corruption or bribery 86
G1-5 Political influence and lobbying activities N/A Non-material
Musti’s Year
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Board of Directors’ Report
2. Environment
EU Taxonomy
The EU taxonomy is the EU’s legal classification system that drives the implementation of the EU’s
climate and energy objectives as well as the goals of the EU Green Deal. The taxonomy defines criteria
for economic activities that are aligned with the net zero transition pathway by 2050 and with broader
environmental objectives beyond climate goals. The EU Taxonomy Regulation and the related delegated
disclosure regulation specify that entities of public interest, such as Musti Group, which fall under the
Non-Financial Reporting Directive, must report on the taxonomy eligibility of their activities.
Musti Group has assessed the taxonomy eligibility and alignment of its operations in accordance
with EU Regulation 2021/2178. The purpose of this process was to identify any potentially taxonomy
eligible activities and to review the technical screening criteria for each environmental objective
relevant to the economic activities. Musti Groups main business activities do not fall within the
sectors or activities that would be considered taxonomy eligible or aligned under the EU regulation.
This is because our core business consists of the retail sale of pet products and pet-related services.
In addition, Musti Groups business includes the production and development of the Groups own pet
foods. These are not economic activities as defined by the taxonomy, and therefore Musti Groups
operations include such activities only to a very limited extent. Musti Group has made use of the
amendment published in January 2026 as part of the Omnibus package (Delegated Regulation EU
2026/73) and has excluded from its assessment the taxonomy eligibility of property maintenance
costs, short term lease agreements, and repair and maintenance expenses, as their share of operating
expenses is insignificant. Musti Groups other operations are not taxonomy eligible. Below, Musti Group
discloses the capital expenditures, operating expenditures, and turnover related to activities within
the scope of the regulation. There is no taxonomy eligible turnover or capital expenditure, and the
operating expenditures are immaterial.
Taxonomy-eligible turnover, capital and operating expenditure
Financial year (N) 2025
Breakdown by environmental objectives of
Taxonomy aligned activities
KPI
Total (EUR m)
Proportion of
Taxonomy-eligible
activities (%)
Taxonomy-aligned
activities (EUR m)
Proportion of
Taxonomy-aligned
activities (%)
Climate change
mitigation (%)
Climate change
adaptation (%)
Water (%)
Circular economy %
Pollution (%)
Biodiversity (%)
Proportion of
enabling activities
(%)
Proportion of
transitional
activities (%)
Not assessed
activities,
considered non-
material (%)
Taxonomy aligned
activities in
previous financial
year (N-1) (EUR m)
Proportion of
taxonomy aligned
activites in
previous financial
year (N-1) (%)
Turnover 508.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
CapEx 21.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
OpEx 355.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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E1 Climate change
Governance
ESRS 2 GOV-3 Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive schemes
The remuneration of the Board of Directors, the CEO and the Management Team in Musti Group is based
on the current remuneration policy and remuneration principles approved by the company’s Board of
Directors and shareholders. The climate-related targets were approved by the management team in
the autumn of 2025. Therefore, they could not be taken into account in the 2025 remuneration of Musti
Groups Board of Directors, CEO or management team, which was already decided in early 2025.
Strategy
E1-1 Transition plan for climate change mitigation
Reducing environmental impacts is part of Musti Groups business. Key areas have been improving
energy efficiency, developing recycling and waste management, and reducing emissions from logistics.
In autumn 2025, the Groups Management Team approved targets for mitigating climate change and
reducing emissions. Musti Group is committed to reducing Scope 1 and 2 absolute climate emissions by
42% by 2030 compared to the 2024 level. The medium-term absolute climate emission reduction target is
63% by 2035 and the long-term carbon neutrality target by 2040. The reduction targets apply to the entire
Group. The targets are in line with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C warming target, but so far they have not
yet been confirmed by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi).
To achieve the Scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, Musti Group has in 2025
preliminarily defined the measures to be taken to enable the implementation of emission reductions
in its own operations. The transition plan related to climate change mitigation will be discussed by the
management team in 2026, and after this, the means of decarbonization will be described and reported
in more detail. The measures will be related to the transition to renewable energy sources and the
transition to F-gases with a lower global warming potential. Musti Group has not yet made decisions on
the investments and their financing that will be used to implement the transition plan, as the transition
plan was not approved in 2025. Therefore, Musti Group has also not made an assessment of the need to
adapt its strategy and business model to achieve climate goals in order to remain in line with the Paris
Agreement.
So far, already in previous years, Musti Group has invested in energy efficiency solutions in its own
operations, for example in its pet food factory in Finland and in the use of renewable electricity in Sweden
and Norway. The transition to renewable fuels has also been promoted in product transport (Scope 3) in
cooperation with transport partners, and this will continue in the future. The Group is aware that achieving
climate goals requires investments both in its own operations and cooperation throughout the value chain.
Reducing environmental impacts is part of Musti Groups strategic operations, and the measures
in the transition plan are described in the company’s function-specific action plans, which cover the
sustainability topics relevant to each function. Musti Group has not made any plans related to operating
or capital expenditure for 2025, as the action plans were prepared during the second half of the year.
The emission reduction potential of the Scope 3 value chain will be assessed in 2026, and no transition
plan has been made for them.
Musti Group does not have any GHG lock-ins in its key assets or products, which could jeopardize the
achievement of the company’s GHG emission reduction targets and cause a transition risk.
Musti Group has no economic activities falling within the scope of the Climate Change Adaptation or
Mitigation Delegated Regulations issued under the Taxonomy Regulation.
Musti Group is not excluded from the EU’s benchmarks under the Paris Agreement.
ESRS 2 SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model
Musti Groups growth and profitability strategy is linked to several material sustainability topics. The
Group has assessed the risks and opportunities related to climate change for its operations in a double
materiality analysis in 2024 and supplemented the risk and opportunity analysis in 2025 in accordance
with the principles of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). The results of the
TCFD-based climate risk and opportunity analysis are presented in the following table.
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Musti Groups climate change risks and opportunities, TCFD
Value chain location Time horizon Risk
Risks and Opportunities
Risk /
Opportunity R/O
Upstream
Own activities
Downstream
Short-term
Medium-term
Long-term
Physical /
Transition risk P/T
Taxes on fossil fuels and the high cost of biofuels introduced to mitigate climate change increase transportation
costs and impact profitability
R x x x x S
Extreme weather events, such as storms, floods, or heatwaves, disrupt product logistics and storage, increasing
direct costs and reducing profitability
R x x x x P
Extreme weather events may affect the availability of products, leading to product delays and lost sales R x x P
The availability of financing may become more difficult and the price may increase R x x S
EU and national policy or regulatory changes related to climate change adaptation and the transition to a fossil-
free society may affect product information requirements, leading to higher product or internal costs and reduced
profitability
R x x S
New, innovative protein sources as raw materials for animal feed can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and bring
new types of products to consumers
O x x x
The by-products used in pet food come from a production system that focuses on maintaining biodiversity and
sequestering carbon
O x x x x
Switching to renewable energy sources instead of fossil energy sources enables the reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions
O x x x
Developing climate change resilience by assessing product mix and origin to prevent risks in areas already
experiencing climate change and to seize opportunities. Opportunities include improving the efficiency of the
production chain and developing new products, considering the climate change impacts on the supply chain
O x x x
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Board of Directors’ Report
The analysis covered both the company’s own operations and the value chain. The company’s own
operations in all business countries have included stores, an online store, a warehouse and a pet food
factory in Finland. With regard to the value chain, the review has included suppliers (including products
and packaging) and transport services in terms of product import and distribution operations in
business countries.
Transition risks have been identified as the impact of climate change mitigation measures on costs,
such as possible higher taxes on fossil fuels and higher prices of biofuels, and their possible impact on
business profitability, for example, higher transport costs. At the same time, there may be changes in
the availability of financing or the price may rise if investors place a stronger emphasis on low-emission
solutions. In addition, the tightening of EU and national regulation in the transition to a fossil-free society
may increase the reporting and information requirements related to products. This can increase both
product costs and the company’s own internal costs, which can further reduce profitability.
Physical risks have been identified as potential disruptions in product logistics or warehousing
caused by extreme weather phenomena, such as storms, floods and heat waves, which can increase
direct costs and potentially affect profitability. In addition, such phenomena may reduce the availability
of products produced in risk areas, which may affect sales losses.
The preparation of the resilience analysis began in 2025 and will continue in 2026. The climate risk
and opportunity analysis will be supplemented with a climate scenario analysis in 2026. The results of
the resilience analysis will be reported in the 2026 report.
Impact, risk and opportunity management
ESRS 2 IRO-1 Description of the processes for identifying and assessing material climate-related impacts,
risks and opportunities
The material impacts, risks and opportunities related to climate change in the company’s own
operations and at the beginning and end of the value chain have been identified in a double materiality
analysis in 2024. The description of the double materiality analysis implementation process can
be found ESRS 2 IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks
and opportunities in page 43 and resultus in page 40 table Musti Group material impacts, risks and
opportunities.
The sources of greenhouse gas emissions have been identified and assessed in accordance with the
Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) by conducting a greenhouse gas inventory. Based on this analysis,
the data collection and recording of emission sources has been compiled into the company’s systems.
The identification and assessment of physical climate risks and transition risks have been carried
out both in the company’s own operations and upstream and downstream of the value chain,
complementing the double materiality analysis in accordance with the principles of the TCFD.
Transition risks and physical risks are described in more detail in the table Musti Groups climate change
risks and opportunities, TCFD in page 54.
In 2025, Musti Group has started preparing climate scenarios using the IPCC’s SSP-RCP scenarios: SSP1–
RCP2.6 (1.5 °C), SSP2–RCP4.5 (~2.7 °C) and SSP4–RCP8.5 (4 °C). The results of the analysis will be ready in
2026. Accordingly, the company has not yet assessed whether its assets and business may be exposed to
climate-related risks and has not yet identified assets and business that are incompatible with the transition
to a climate-neutral economy or that require significant efforts to ensure compatibility with it.
The utilization of the climate risks and opportunities identified in 2025 in business climate change
preparedness will be developed from 2026 onwards.
E1-2 Policies related to climate change mitigation and adaptation
In the double materiality analysis carried out in 2024, Musti Group assessed the impacts, risks and
opportunities arising from climate change in its own operations and the value chain. The operating
principles related to climate change mitigation and adaptation are described in the environmental
policy approved by Musti Groups Management Team at the end of 2025. The Group is committed
to complying with the principles of the ISO 14001 standard in its pet food manufacturing plant. The
Management Team is responsible for the implementation of the policy. The Groups Environmental
Policy can be found on its website.
The Environmental Policy is applied throughout the Musti Group in all its markets and geographical
areas. Musti Group will implement the corresponding principles to its suppliers as part of the
requirements set for suppliers. In addition, the suppliers undertake to act in accordance with Musti
Groups separate Supplier Code of Conduct, which is described in more detail in section G1-2 Supplier
Code of Conduct.
Musti Group is committed to reducing the environmental impact of its operations. The commitments
have been concretized in the goals set as part of the sustainability work and the related indicators.
Our goal is to be a manufacturer, a contract manufacturer and a retailer of high-quality and safe
products that take into account the reduction of environmental impact. Our good and well-functioning
processes build and strengthen our operations and serve as the basis for profitable business. We work
in cooperation with our subcontractors to contribute to the reduction of environmental impact. Our
goal is satisfied and healthy pet owners and pets.
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The key principles of the Environmental Policy are climate change mitigation, improving energy efficiency
and transitioning to renewable energy, which will be implemented through function-specific action plans.
The principles also include operating in accordance with regulations and ensuring the competence of
personnel.
Environmental responsibility at Musti Group means, among other things, taking environmental
aspects into account throughout the products life cycle, minimizing the environmental impact of its
own pet food factory, increasing energy efficiency, and favoring renewable energy.
E1-3 Actions and resources related to climate change policies
Climate change mitigation measures
Stores Scope 1-2 and Scope 3 waste
In the stores, climate change mitigation measures are particularly focused on reducing energy consumption
and improving energy efficiency to the extent that Musti Group can influence through its own operations.
Musti Groups stores are located in leased premises, so the responsibilities are divided between the landlord
and the tenant in accordance with the roles and responsibilities defined in the lease agreements. For
example, electricity and waste management are included in the lease agreement in most stores. In a small
number of Musti Groups stores, Musti has entered into a direct contract with an electricity company or a
waste management company. Renewable electricity is used in Sweden and Norway.
Typically, stores are responsible for loose furniture, such as freezers and, in some locations, air
source heat pumps or air conditioners. At these sites, Musti Group takes care of the maintenance of the
equipment in accordance with a regular maintenance program and refrigerant refills when necessary.
In 2025, the replacement of old freezers with new Energy Class C freezers began, of which 196 were
replaced in Finland, Sweden and Norway. This work will continue in 2026.
In order to reduce energy consumption in stores, the transition to LED lighting will take place in
stages as old luminaires are replaced. Store staff are encouraged to save electricity, which can be
especially influenced when the store is closed by ensuring that all other lights, with the exception of
shop window lights, are switched off.
In 2025, a study was carried out on the possibility of reducing the climate impact of shop fittings.
During 2026, the results of the survey will be part of the competitive tendering process for shop fittings.
The climate impacts of marketing materials are also being investigated.
In order to reduce the climate impact of waste management in stores, the update of waste sorting
instructions has started and staff is encouraged to sort it correctly. The possibilities for sorting waste
have also been improved by adding sorting containers according to the fractions to be sorted.
Central warehouse in Sweden Scope 2, Scope 3 packaging materials and waste
In warehouse operations, key climate change mitigation measures include improving energy efficiency,
optimizing processes and managing material flows. In 2025, an energy audit was carried out at the Swedish
central warehouse, in accordance with the recommendations of which the temperature of the warehouse
was lowered by one degree. Temperature monitoring was improved with a new automatic control system. In
addition, heat retention was improved by installing new loading ports, which reduces the transfer of cold air
into the interior during unloading of products. The electricity used is of renewable origin.
A new packaging line was introduced in the warehouse for packaging e-commerce orders. With the
investment, the amount of packaging material will decrease significantly, and it is estimated that the
amount of plastic used as filling material will decrease by 95% during 2026. It is estimated that the use
of cardboard and tape will also decrease.
In 2025, a study was carried out on the possibility of switching from virgin plastic to a plastic grade
containing recycled material.
Waste sorting was improved especially by paying attention to the sorting of biowaste, which
increased the amount of this waste fraction.
Pet food factory in Finland Scope 2, Scope 3 packaging materials and waste
In our own pet food factory solar panels and renewable electricityare used. The production plant
recovers heat from the processes of the production lines, which is utilised, for example, to heat the
washing water used on the frozen food production line. The employees of the pet food factory have
access to several charging points for electric cars.
At the beginning of 2025, steam production switched to using wood chips instead of liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG). Waste sorting was improved by training staff in waste sorting.
In 2025, some of the products switching to recyclable monoplastic material started.
Offices
The climate impacts of offices can be influenced by general operating methods, such as automatic
systems that turn off the lights, and by maintaining the staff’s awareness of the impacts of their own
activities. Waste sorting has been arranged in the offices. The hybrid work model is in use in the Groups
business countries, which reduces emissions from commuting.
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Board of Directors’ Report
Transportation of products
Transport accounts for a significant part of the climate impact of the retail sector, which is why
reducing emissions has been a key development target for several years. The basic principles of
reducing transport emissions are the optimization of routes, load filling rates and transport routes.
Emissions from transport logistics are being reduced in cooperation with logistics partners, and the
transition to the use of renewable fuels is underway.
In early 2025, Musti agreed with its logistics partner to switch to renewable diesel, HVO, in its store
transports in Finland. During 2025, emissions from these transports decreased by 90 %.
Many of Musti Groups logistics partners that transport products from warehouses to stores are
committed to reducing their greenhouse gas emissions.
During 2025, Musti Group has not made significant investments in the implementation of action
plans related to climate change mitigation, and it has not estimated the capital and operating expenses
required for this in the long term.
Metrics and targets
E1-4 Targets related to climate change mitigation and adaptation
Musti Group has set a target to reduce Scope 1 and 2 absolute greenhouse gas emissions by 42%
by 2030 from 2024 levels in the short term. The medium-term absolute greenhouse gas emissions
reduction target is 63% by 2035, and the long-term climate neutrality target is by 2040. Musti Group is
committed to continuously reducing the environmental impacts of its operations in its Environmental
Policy. These commitments are embodied in climate change mitigation goals and related greenhouse
gas emission indicators. Stakeholders have not participated in setting the goals.
The Scope 1 and 2 targets are in line with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5-degree warming target, but so far
they have not yet been confirmed by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). The targets have been
set in 2025 and they are based on 2024 emissions, the estimated emission reduction potential and the
result determined by the SBTi calculation tool.
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions towards the targets will take place through the transition to
renewable energy sources and the transition to F-gases with a lower global warming potential. These
issues will be described in the transition plan, which will be completed during 2026.
E1-5 Energy consumption and mix
Energy consumption and mix
Energy consumption and mix 2024 2025
Fuel consumption from coal and coal products
(MWh) 0 0
Fuel consumption from crude oil and petroleum
products (MWh) 457.9 625.3
Fuel consumption from natural gas (MWh) 0 0
Fuel consumption from other fossil sources (MWh) 0 0
Consumption of purchased or acquired electricity,
heat, steam, and cooling from fossil sources (MWh) 8,173.7 2,478.3
Total fossil energy consumption (MWh) 8,631.6 3,103.6
Share of fossil sources in total energy
consumption (%) 31.4 11.2
Consumption from nuclear sources (MWh) 1,701.9 1,641.3
Share of consumption from nuclear sources in total
energy consumption (%) 6.2 5.9
Fuel consumption for renewable sources,
including biomass (also comprising industrial and
municipal waste of biologic origin, biogas, renewable
hydrogen, etc.) (MWh) 0 0
Consumption of purchased or acquired electricity,
heat, steam, and cooling from renewable sources
(MWh) 17,153.7 22,861.7
The consumption of self-generated non-fuel
renewable energy (MWh) 0 0
Total renewable energy consumption (MWh) 17,153.7 22,861.7
Share of renewable sources in total energy
consumption (%) 62.4 82.8
Total energy consumption (MWh) 27,487.3 27,606.6
Energy intensity MWh / Musti Group net revenue
MEUR 61.8 54.2
In 2025, Musti Groups total energy consumption increased slightly from the previous year, by
approximately +0.4%. Although total energy consumption grew, energy intensity decreased from 61.8 to
54.2 MWh per MEUR of revenue (-14%). Business volume and sales increased in 2025.
Musti’s Year
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Consumption based on fossil energy sources decreased significantly (-64%). This change was driven
by an adjustment made at Musti Groups own pet food factory related to steam production. In February
2025, the steam used in production was switched from LPG-based steam to wood-based steam. The
change is also reflected in the increased share of renewable energy sources and decreased fossil energy
consumption. The share of renewable energy in total energy consumption rose from 62% to 83%.
Musti Group expanded its operations into the Baltics and Portugal. Reliable energy consumption data
for the Baltic operations was not yet available in 2025, as the business integration into the Group was
still ongoing. For the Portuguese operations, part of the consumption data is already included in Group
reporting. The collection of environmental data for both the Baltic and Portuguese operations will be
further developed in 2026 and incorporated retroactively into the calculations.
E1-6 Gross Scopes 1, 2, 3 and Total GHG emission
Gross Scopes 1, 2, 3 and Total GHG emissions for continuing operations in 2025 (tCO
2
e)
Retrospective Milestones and target year: Scope 1 and 2
Base year 2024 2025 2030 -42 % 2035 -63 % 2040 net zero
Gross Scope 1 GHG emissions (tCO
2
e) 1,337 357
Percentage of Scope 1 GHG emissions from regulated emission trading schemes (%) 0 0
Gross location-based Scope 2 GHG emissions (tCO
2
e) 1,827 594
Gross market-based Scope 2 GHG emissions (tCO
2
e) 2,798 1,518
Total Gross indirect (Scope 3) GHG emissions (tCO
2
e) 9,289 8,120 No numerical
target
3.1 Purchased goods and services n/a n/a
3.3 Fuel and energy-related activities (which are not included in scope 1 or scope 2 emissions) 1,692 1,616
3.4 Upstream transportation and distribution 7,338 6,283
3.5 Waste generated in operations 64 56
3.6 Business travel 148 115
3.7 Employee commuting 47 51
Total GHG emissions (location-based) (tCO
2
e) 12,453 9,072
Total GHG emissions (market-based) (tCO
2
e) 13,424 9,996
Biogenic emissions Scope 1 0 0
Biogenic emissions Scope 2 0 53
Biogenic emissions Scope 3 n/a n/a
GHG emissions intensity (market-based) tCO
2
e / Musti Group net revenue MEUR 30 20
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Musti Groups Scope 1 emissions from its own operations decreased significantly due to the small
number of refrigerant leaks at its own pet food factory compared to 2024. Scope 2 market-based
emissions decreased as the steam used in the pet food factory’s operations changed from fossil to
renewable sources. Overall, Scope 1 and 2 emissions decreased by -55 % from 2024 to 2025..
Musti Group has for the first time analyzed its Scope 3 value chain emissions and started calculating
them. The calculation methodologies will be refined and data collection developed in the coming years.
Employee commuting emissions increased slightly, which is explained by the growth in Musti Groups
workforce.
Waste generated in operations represents only a small share of Musti Groups activities and therefore
cannot be considered comprehensive. The waste volume covers only those operations where Musti has
its own waste management contract with a waste transport company.
Emissions from upstream transportation and distribution decreased by 14%, mainly due to the
transition to lower-emission fuels in some of Musti Groups product transport.
Progress toward Musti Groups long-term Scope 1 and Scope 2 climate targets for 2035 and 2040 will
be supported by a transition plan to be completed in 2026. Emission reduction potentials for Scope 3
will also be assessed.
Accounting policies
Musti Group has prepared its greenhouse gas emission inventory in accordance with the Greenhouse
Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) and reports direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions (Scope 1, Scope
2, Scope 3) in line with its standards (Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard and
Corporate Value Chain Accounting and Reporting Standard) for its own operations as well as upstream
and downstream parts of the value chain.
The reporting boundaries are based on the principle of financial control. Reporting covers all
subsidiaries included in the Musti Group consolidated financial statements in Finland, Sweden, Norway,
the Baltic countries, and Portugal. The reported data is not yet fully comprehensive, as the integration
of the Baltic countries and Portugal into Musti Groups systems was still ongoing during the reporting
period.
The base year for reporting is 2024. Emission factors used in the calculations are primarily sourced
from the Ecoinvent 3.12 database and DEFRA GHG conversion factors (2025). If emission data has been
provided by service suppliers, these emissions have been included as such in Musti Groups emission
calculations.
All emissions are reported as absolute carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂e). Assumptions or estimates
have been used in cases where primary data has not been available. Greenhouse gas intensity is
calculated by dividing total greenhouse gas emissions by the revenue reported in the consolidated
financial statements. Musti Group will continue to develop and refine its calculation methods in the future.
The information presented in this section has not been validated by an external third party other than
the assurer of the sustainability report.
The emission calculations reported in the 2024 Sustainability Review are not directly comparable
with the 2025 emission calculations, as the methodology has been further developed and different
calculation approaches have been used.
Scope 1 – Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Direct emissions from Musti Groups own operations include refrigerant leaks from refrigeration
equipment, cooling systems, and heat pumps, as well as emissions from company cars and employee
business travel using private vehicles.
The store network (Finland, Sweden) includes small quantities of equipment containing refrigerants,
and leak information is obtained during maintenance activities. Annual refill amounts are not fully
available. An estimate has been made compared to the previous year, as the significance of these
emissions is considered low and the share of this data is not material. Refrigerant leaks from Musti
Groups own pet food factory are included based on actual measured data. Emissions from refrigerant
leaks are calculated using the refrigerant refill volume and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) values
of the respective refrigerants. The development of refrigerant leak data collection in stores will be
evaluated.
Emission calculation for company cars and employees’ private cars used for work travel is based
on kilometers driven and the average emissions per kilometer by fuel type in Finland, Sweden, and
Norway. Primary data on kilometers driven with private cars is sourced from the company’s travel
expense system, and kilometers for company cars are obtained from the leasing partner in Sweden. In
Finland, data provided by the leasing partner is based on an estimate. Data collection for the remaining
countries will be further developed.
Scope 2 – Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy Consumption
Indirect emissions from Musti Groups operations include emissions from purchased energy. This
includes purchased electricity, district heating, and steam used in Musti Groups operations in Finland,
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Sweden, Norway, the Baltic countries, and Portugal. The calculation includes data from the travel
expense system on kilometers driven with electric cars (Finland, Sweden, Norway). Conversion to
emissions is done by applying an emission factor based on average emissions per kilometer.
Electricity consumption data is primarily obtained via automated integrations from suppliers’ portals
(Finland, Sweden, Norway). For stores without their own metered data, monthly electricity consumption
is estimated based on their total floor area, as electricity is included in their rental agreements. For
Portugal, data covers November and December 2025. No electricity consumption data is available for
the Baltic countries for 2025. Systematic data collection will begin in 2026.
Both market based and location based emissions are calculated for purchased electricity. Market
based values are calculated according to the type of Musti Groups electricity contracts. Purchased
electricity with guarantees of origin is counted as zero emission. Other market based electricity is
calculated using supplier specific emission factors. Location based emissions are calculated using
national average residual mix emission factors.
The central warehouse in Sweden uses district heating, and Musti Groups pet food factory in Finland
uses steam as an energy source. Their emission factors are obtained directly from the respective
suppliers.
Scope 3 – Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Value Chain
Musti Group reports Scope 3 emissions for categories 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Omitted categories have
been assessed as immaterial for Musti Groups Scope 3 emissions, or the Group does not engage in the
activities described by those categories.
The key limitations of the calculation methods for each Scope 3 category are described in detail
in the respective calculation method text. The results should therefore be considered high level
approximations of the actual climate impacts.
Purchased Goods and Services (Category 1)
Musti Group is utilizing the transitional provision for category 3.1 and will not report numerical data in
the 2025 sustainability report. The Group has started calculating emissions for this category, but due
to its scope, it was unable to achieve sufficient coverage of the results during 2025, and the data to be
reported would not have met the requirements of the GHG Protocol.
Fuel- and Energy Related Activities (Category 3)
Upstream energy emissions related to energy production, fuel supply chain emissions, and electricity
transmission losses have been calculated using Defra and Ecoinvent emission factors (WTT and TD),
based on Musti Groups total energy consumption as calculated in Scope 1 and Scope 2.
Upstream Transport and Distribution (Category 4)
Inbound logistics emission data has been collected from transport service partners. The partners
calculate emissions data based on the product quantities, delivery routes and mode of transport
delivered to Musti Group.
Emissions from transport and distribution also include emissions from warehouses to stores and
from online orders to consumers. Emissions data is collected from transport service partners in the
Nordic countries. The partners calculate emissions from the transportation of delivered products
based on delivery routes and mode of transport. The category also includes emissions from outsourced
warehouse operations in Finland, Sweden and Norway.
The data quality check and determination will take place in 2026. Therefore, the results in this report
are indicative.
Waste Generated in Operations (Category 5)
Waste related emissions are reported only for sites with a direct waste management agreement with
waste management companies in Finland and Sweden. Thus, the results reflect only a portion of waste
generated by Musti Groups operations and are indicative rather than comprehensive.
In Finland, approximately 30% and in Sweden approximately 10% of stores have a direct waste
management agreement. Data also includes waste generated at Musti Groups pet food factory and at
central warehouse in Sweden. Emission data is provided directly by the waste management partner.
Waste from stores located in shopping centers cannot be separated from waste generated by other
businesses in the same centers and for this reason, no assessments have been made of them. No data
is available from Norway or the Baltic countries. Data collection and coverage will be improved going
forward.
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Business Travel (Category 6)
Business travel emissions arise from air and rail travel and hotel stays. These trips are booked through a
travel management partner, and data is available in their system. The service provider calculates CO₂e
values for each travel component using DEFRA based emission factors.
Employees are instructed to book all business travel through the service provider, so data coverage
is considered high. A small uncertainty remains, as occasional bookings may occur elsewhere; however,
such cases are expected to be rare and insignificant compared with the total volume.
Employee Commuting (Category 7)
Employee commuting emissions have been estimated using an online survey answered by
approximately 200 employees in Musti Groups Nordic offices and a small pilot group of store
employees. The survey collected information on commuting distances, frequency, transport modes, and
remote work. Based on the responses, an average estimate was calculated and used to estimate total
commuting emissions. Emission factors from Ecoinvent were applied.
As this method is based on a small, non representative sample, the results should be considered
indicative. The calculation reflects commuting only in the Nordics and does not yet cover employees in
the Baltic countries or Portugal. The method and coverage will be expanded.
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E5 Resource use and circular economy
Managing impacts, risks and opportunities
ESRS 2 IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material resource use and circular
economy-related impacts, risks and opportunities
Musti Group has assessed the actual and potential impacts, risks and opportunities related to resource
use and the circular economy for its own operations and the upstream and downstream value chain in a
double materiality analysis in accordance with the sustainability reporting standard. No other methods,
assumptions, or tools have been used. A more detailed description of the double materiality analysis
can be found in section ESRS 2 IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material
impacts, risks and opportunities in page 43. Material impacts, risks, and opportunities have been
assessed in terms of both the inflow and outflow of product-related resources and the waste caused by
the company’s own operations. The assessment did not identify any significant risks related to the use
of resources or the circular economy. As sustainability topics related to resource use and the circular
economy was not identified as having a significant impact on the affected communities, the company
did not hold consultations on them.
Based on the results of the double materiality analysis, Musti Group has estimated that the inflow
of resources, including the use of resources, for example by utilizing recycled materials and food
industry side streams in products, supports the circular economy and reduces environmental impacts.
The development of packaging materials and reducing the use of packaging materials in products will
also reduce environmental impact. Musti Group has identified the potential to utilize circular economy
solutions in the development of products and packaging, and possibly in the development of new other
circular economy solutions in the future.
In the outflow of resources related to products, Musti Group has identified the importance of
recycling labels on used product packaging to guide consumers in different markets in sorting waste so
that waste fractions are correctly reused. Musti Group operates in accordance with national packaging,
recycling and sorting opportunities in compliance with both national and EU legislation.
The waste generated by Musti Groups operations causes negative environmental impacts, for
example, from the transport and treatment of waste and preparation for recovery. With regard to
these, the role of the company has been identified as promoting good sorting and enabling the reuse of
materials in its own operations. The waste fractions generated are mainly cardboard or plastic, which is
used in transport packaging when products are transported to stores.
E5-1 Policies related to resource use and circular economy
In the double materiality analysis carried out in 2024, Musti Group examined the impacts, risks
and opportunities related to its own operations and from the value chain to the circular economy
and resource use. The material themes that have an impact on the circular economy and the use
of resources have been taken into account in the environmental policy approved by Musti Groups
Management Team at the end of 2025, which it is responsible for implementing the policy. The
Environmental Policy is described in more detail in section E1-2 Policies related to climate change
mitigation and adaptation. The operating principles related to the use of resources and the circular
economy are the promotion of material efficiency and circular economy thinking. This means, among
other things, minimizing the use of packaging materials in product design, increasing the share of
recycled material in products and packaging, making packaging materials recyclable and, where
possible, increasing the use of other renewable materials in packaging and products, as well as
complying with the waste hierarchy and recycling of waste.
The Environmental Policy is applied throughout the Musti Group in all its markets and geographical
areas. Musti Group is committed to complying with the ISO 14001 environmental management standard
in its corporate policy regarding the pet food factory in Finland.
Musti Group will implement the corresponding principles to its suppliers as part of the requirements
set for suppliers. In addition, the suppliers undertake to act in accordance with Musti Groups separate
Supplier Code of Conduct, which is described in more detail in section S2-1 Policies related to value
chain workers in page 78.
The expectations of stakeholders (consumers, suppliers, employees, authorities, communities)
are increasingly related to material efficiency, environmental responsibility, and product lifecycle
management. The views of the stakeholders have served as the basis for the development of the
company’s operating principles.
E5-2 Actions and resources related to resource use and circular economy
During 2025, Musti Group has made action plans to develop the sustainability issues raised in the
double materiality analysis. The circular economy and the use of resources to promote the sustainable
use of natural resources is one of the themes in the function-specific plans in all the Groups business
countries. The action plans include measures that are already underway and new development targets
that need planning, the launch of which will be assessed in 2026. Since Musti Group has not identified
any impacts from its operations that would have caused damage to the affected entities, no corrective
actions have arisen.
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In 2025, the circular economy and resource use development measures have focused on developing
the collection of data on product-specific packaging materials so that the materials used in packaging
can be divided into materials made from renewable and non-renewable sources on a material-by-material
basis. This collection of information is carried out in cooperation with the manufacturers of the products
and applies to all products in the product range. The aim of the data collection with suppliers is to enable
the monitoring of the development of packaging materials in order to ensure that the development of
materials is progressing towards recyclable materials in cooperation with suppliers. Increasing the use of
recycled materials in packaging, taking into account the requirements related to the shelf life of products
and the preservation of product properties, is also seen as an opportunity. At the end of 2025, about 45%
of the product packaging material data had been collected. The work will continue in 2026.
Musti Group has also mapped out the development opportunities for the Groups private label
product packaging to meet the requirements of recyclability, reusability, or compostability. In 2024, we
conducted a study to replace the plastic used in the product packaging of our own pet food brands with
recyclable monoplastic material, and during 2025 we prepared for the material change. The transition
to monomaterials will take place in stages, especially in 2026. In addition, to find out possibilities
of reducing the use of packaging materials in different categories of products has been an ongoing
activity. At the moment, it is not possible to monitor the decrease in the use of materials for these, but
the possibilities of measuring the effectiveness of the measures taken will be investigated.
Investments in new packaging lines at Musti Groups warehouses will enable a reduction in the use
of packaging materials when packaging customers’ online orders. There is an opportunity to completely
eliminate the use of plastic filling inside the transport packaging. These effects will be reflected in the
2026 material consumption results.
Musti Group reports the packaging materials it places on the market in all its business countries to
the producer responsibility company and pays the waste management costs arising from them as part
of the implementation of producer responsibility.
In circular economy product design, we can influence the sustainable use of natural resources, for
example through material choices. Our product range includes products made from recycled materials,
such as dog clothes and harnesses. Materials include fabric made from recycled PET bottles or oyster
shell waste. We are constantly looking for new opportunities to offer our customers sustainably
produced pet products, for example by increasing the use of recycled materials or minimizing the use of
primary raw materials.
The raw materials used in pet food serve as an example of the circular economy and the efficient use
of resources, as the raw materials are by-products of the food industry. In our own pet food factory, we
try to use as many local ingredients as possible.
Musti Group is able to influence the environmental impacts of the value chain through product and
supplier choices and agreements with suppliers.
In our operations, we pay attention to reducing the generation of waste and sorting. We operate in
accordance with the waste hierarchy and the impacts of our operations are focused on the prevention
of waste generation and the preparation of waste fractions for recycling or energy, depending on the
national waste sorting and recycling systems in use in our operating countries.
A large part of the waste generated by our operations comes from the packaging materials of products
arriving at the central warehouse. In addition, transporting products from warehouses to stores or from an
online store directly to consumers causes packaging waste. The sorting instructions on product packaging
are used to guide consumers to sort the waste fractions generated from packaging materials correctly.
During 2025, Musti Group has made a significant investment affecting the use of resources at its
central warehouse in Sweden. The company is investing in a packaging line for e-commerce orders,
which can be used to reduce the amount of packaging materials and make them more efficient. The
investment is included in fixed assets in the financial statements. The company has not assessed the
capital and operating expenses required for the circular economy in the long term.
Metrics and targets
E5-3 Targets related to resource use and circular economy
In 2025, Musti Groups Management Team has approved two indicators related to the use of resources
and the circular economy, one of which is an indicator related to the recyclability or reuse of plastic
packaging from our own product brands. The target for this indicator was set at 100% by 2030 compared
to 2024. This target is in line with the EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Act (EU2025/40). The
expectation for the coming years is that the amount of recyclable plastic packaging of own brands should
increase as their availability from material suppliers increases and the quality meets the requirements
set for the products, such as sufficient shelf life. The indicator guides packaging development towards
solutions that are compatible with existing recycling streams and support the materials to remain in
circulation for as long as possible and reduces the number of packaging solutions that are difficult
to recycle. The packaging material indicator serves as a key part of Musti’s goal to increase circular
economy-based product design and reduce the environmental impact of packaging waste.
The second indicator is the percentage of non-recyclable waste in those Musti Group operations
where the company has a contract with a waste management provider. No target was set for this
indicator in 2025, as the collection of waste volume data from different operating countries is still
in progress. The aim is to complete the data collection process during 2026, which will enable the
definition of a baseline year and a target for the indicator.
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The goal of the waste meter is to guide Musti’s own operations towards the reuse of waste primarily
through recycling. When the share of non-recyclable waste decreases, a larger part of the waste
streams is directed back into the material cycle. In this case, the material flows are increasingly based
on raw materials in circulation instead of being based on virgin raw materials.
Waste management practices that follow the waste hierarchy starting with waste prevention, then
reuse and recycling, reduce the generation of mixed waste and ensure that valuable materials are
recovered back into circulation.
Musti Groups targets related to the use of resources and the circular economy are voluntary in nature
and are not based on reliable scientific evidence. Stakeholders have not been involved in defining the
targets, as the aim is to achieve compliance in line with the long-term objectives of the regulations.
E5-4 – Resource inflows
The resources used in the production of pet food, packaging materials and pet accessories form a
diverse set of material inputs, combining both virgin raw materials and, to varying degrees, materials
produced through the circular economy. Plastic-based laminates are used in pet food packaging,
where polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate form the basic components of
the structure. These plastics are used in multi-layer structures that provide good moisture and aroma
barrier, but at the same time limit recyclability. The use of mono-materials, such as bags made of
polyethylene or polypropylene alone, is likely to increase the recycling of plastic packaging fractions.
Paper-based laminates are also used with a thin plastic layer for protective properties.
In wet food packaging, the structure of the material inflows is different, as metal packaging such as
cans and boxes made of steel or aluminum are still a key solution. Steel and aluminum usually contain
varying amounts of recycled material, but their exact composition depends on the manufacturer. The
material composition of the pouches is multi-layered: polyester, aluminum foil and polyethylene form
a combination that achieves good moisture and aroma barrier level, but which is not easy to recycle.
Other inflows used in packaging are related to adhesives and printing inks.
The material solutions of pet supplies vary depending on the product group. Plastics still make up a
significant part of the inflows: polypropylene is used in transport boxes and food bowls, polyethylene
in dog poop bags and carriers, and PET plastic in various toys and water bottles. Some manufacturers
use recycled PET especially in textile-like products, such as dog bed fillings and leashes, in which case
the materials include both virgin and recycled-based plastic fractions. Products based on biodegradable
plastics are being developed, but their material flows are still limited, and composting options vary
depending on local solutions.
In textile products, the materials are mainly polyester and cotton. Some beds can be filled with
recycled polyester fiber, which is most often made from recycled PET plastic. Natural fibers such as
cotton, jute and hemp are also used in textiles, and in some cases, industrial surplus fibers can be used,
so material inflows can partly be based on side streams. Polyurethane foams are used in upholstery,
which are fossil-based and rarely recyclable.
In accessories based on natural materials, the structure of the material inflows is different. Chew toys
and climbing trees made of wood, ropes made of natural fibers and cork materials are mainly virgin.
Metals such as stainless steel and aluminum are used in food bowls, cages, and gates. In metals, the
recycled content can be significant, but its amount varies.
Side streams from the food industry form an important inflow, especially in the production of pet
food. Animal by-products, such as liver, heart, cartilage and blood products, as well as side streams of
plant and grain processes, such as bran and plant fiber fractions, are well-established raw materials.
They are called class 3 side streams, which cannot be used for human nutrition. The raw materials used
must meet the requirements of feed legislation. Musti Groups pet food factory in Finland utilizes these
side streams when producing dry and wet food for dogs and cats.
The use of resources and the circular economy is a new sustainability theme for Musti Group, so
there is no existing data on, for example, the weight of the technical and biological materials used in
products or the certifications of materials. There is also no data available on the reused or recycled
raw materials of the products. Musti Group will evaluate the possibilities of data collection related to
relevant product groups during 2026.
The Group has set an indicator related to the recyclability or reuse of plastic packaging under its own
product brands, and the related collection of material data has started in 2025 and will continue in 2026.
E5-5 – Resource outflows
Outflows from Musti Groups production and supply chain consist of finished products and packaging,
as well as transport packaging, for example, in online store orders.
The main outflow is related to Musti’s own pet food products, which are based on side streams from
the food industry, and which could otherwise be part of the waste or energy stream. Thus, the side
streams are redirected back to economic and nutritional use. This outflow reduces waste throughout
the food chain and increases the utilization of biological materials.
The packaging of Musti’s own product brands, such as bags based on monomaterials or PE and PP
structures or fiber-based materials, is designed so that consumers can direct them to the recycling
system after use, depending on the national recycling systems and their sophistication. This means that
with Musti’s outflows, materials with post-recycling value end up with the consumer. In addition, some
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packaging, such as consumer plastic bags, uses recycled plastic, which means that the outflow already
contains materials created through recycling.
In terms of accessories, Musti’s outflow includes products made from recycled materials, such as
dog beds and leashes containing rPET fibers from recycled PET bottles, as well as products made from
natural fibers and renewable raw materials. These products represent an outflow of resources, where
materials whose environmental impacts could have been influenced end up on the market.
The use of resources and the circular economy is a new sustainability theme for Musti Group, so
there is no existing data, and it is not possible to report the expected sustainability of the products
placed on the market by the company in terms of outflows in relation to the industry average. There is
also no data available on the repairability of products or the share of recyclable raw materials. Musti
Group will evaluate the possibilities of data collection related to relevant product groups during 2026.
The collection of packaging material data started in the Group in 2025, so the share of recyclable
materials will provide an understanding of how suppliers are able to report information to Musti Group.
Waste
The waste generated by Musti Groups operations causes negative environmental impacts, for example,
from the transport and treatment of waste and preparation for recovery. The company’s role is to
promote good sorting and enable the reuse of materials in its own operations. The quantities of waste
fractions for which Musti Group receives primary data are reported in the table E5-5.
In the outflow of resources related to products, Musti Group has identified the importance of recycling
labels on used product packaging in guiding consumers in different markets in sorting waste so that
waste fractions would be properly reused. Musti Group operates in accordance with national packaging,
recycling and sorting opportunities in compliance with both national and EU legislation. The collection of
quantities of packaging materials placed on the market began in 2025 and will continue until 2026.
E5-5 Tonnes of waste generated from Musti Groups business operations
Total waste generated 1,281.58
Hazardous waste diverted from disposal 0.57
Hazardous waste diverted from disposal due to preparation for reuse 0
Hazardous waste diverted from disposal due to recycling 0.57
Hazardous waste diverted from disposal due to other recovery measures 0
Non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal 1,199.08
Non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal due to preparation for re-use 0
Non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal due to recycling 57 7. 2 1
Non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal due to other recovery operations 621.87
Hazardous waste sent for disposal 0
Hazardous waste diverted to disposal by incineration 0
Hazardous waste that has been sent to a landfill for final treatment 0
Hazardous waste that has been sent to disposal by other treatment method 0
Non-hazardous waste sent for disposal 81.24
Non-hazardous waste sent for incineration for disposal 0
Non-hazardous waste sent to landfill for disposal 81.24
Non-hazardous waste that has been sent to disposal by another treatment method 0
Non-recycled waste 703.11
Percentage of non-recycled waste 54.86
Total hazardous waste 0.57
The waste generated by Musti Groups business operations is mainly non-hazardous waste, which is
mainly generated from the packaging materials used in the transport of products, such as cardboard
and plastic. There is 0.57 tonnes of hazardous recyclable waste, which is 0.04% of the total waste.
Other fractions and amounts such as metal, paper and biowaste. The data is based on actual data
reported by waste management companies in Finland and Sweden. They have not been verified in a
sustainability report by a third party. The reported waste volumes should be interpreted as partial and
should not be considered to cover the entire Groups operations.
Most of the stores are located in shopping centers where waste management is included in the rent and
several operators use the same waste containers. For this reason, waste generated in shopping centers has
been excluded, as the Group does not have access to waste stream data or the possibility to separate its
own share of waste. No assessment has been applied to the missing stores to avoid speculative data.
The reporting of waste volumes covers stores with which Musti Group has concluded its own waste
agreement in Finland (approximately 30%) and Sweden (approximately 10%). The figures also include
waste generated in the Groups own pet food factory and central warehouse in Sweden. Waste data
collection will be further developed to ensure more comprehensive reporting in the future.
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3. Social information
S1 Own workforce
Strategy
ESRS 2 SBM-2 Interests and views of stakeholders
From the employees’ perspective, key benefits include safe, healthy, and well managed working
conditions that enable smooth daily work and reduce workload. They consider it important that
compensation is fair, transparent, and aligned with the demands of the role, and that the company
actively monitors pay equity. Employees also value that the organization supports their development
of competence by offering training, career advancement opportunities, and time for learning, as this
strengthens motivation and reinforces the feeling that the company is committed to investing in them.
Equality and non-discrimination are central values for employees. They expect the employer to
intervene in inappropriate behavior and ensure that everyone has equal opportunities to succeed,
regardless of background. Practices that support work–life balance—such as flexible working hours,
remote work opportunities, and predictable work shifts—are seen as significant contributors to
wellbeing. Employees also emphasize the importance of stable employment relationships and clear
ways of working, as these create a sense of security and predictability.
Employees further expect open, honest, and regular communication, especially during times of
change. The opportunity to be heard and to influence ones own work or working environment is
considered important, and employees appreciate it when leadership takes their views into account
in decision-making. When these factors are in place, employees perceive the employer as genuinely
responsible, which increases motivation, trust, and commitment to the organization.
Employees are a key resource, as their competence, engagement, and wellbeing directly influence
business quality and the achievement of sustainability goals. HR measures focus on creating positive
employee experience, beginning with recruitment and continuing throughout the entire employment
relationship. A committed and well-being workforce supports the company’s growth and customer
strategy. Growth in line with the strategy requires effective competence management and the
availability of skilled labor, which depends on respecting employees’ interests and perspectives as well
as respecting human rights.
ESRS 2 SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities related to own workforce and their interaction
with the strategy and business model
Material impacts related to the own workforce can be divided into three topics based on the double
materiality assessment: working conditions, equal treatment and opportunities for all, and work-related
rights. Musti Group runs pet retail operations in which the workforce is mainly dominated by females,
which may pose a challenge to diversity and inclusion. As in the heart of the retail business is the own
workforce, personnel, Musti considers that working conditions in terms of working time, wages, health
and safety issues are crucial matters for the business to be successful. Therefore, the identified impacts
contribute to the strategy and business model of Musti. As an example, employee satisfaction is one
priority that ultimately ensures the continuance and the success of the business.
The company’s own workforce includes the company’s own employees who are under the control of
the company. As part of Musti’s operations, non-employee persons, such as external consultants and
self-employed professionals, also work either part-time or full-time.
Based on the double-materiality assessment, both actual and potential negative impacts have been
discovered. These impacts were mainly related to shortcomings in training and skills development,
which can have a negative impact on employees and work motivation. Negative impacts can also be
reflected in risks if employees’ trust in the employer weakens and this can have an impact on staff
retention. In addition, a negative impact on employees can be caused by risks to the confidentiality of
employees’ personal data caused by weaknesses in information security, which can also be reflected as
a risk to the company’s operations. These negative impacts can be directed at individual employees or,
in the worst case, affect the entire personnel.
However, the results showed that the identified positive impacts were more significant. The
positive impacts included, among others, promoting work-life balance through, for example, flexible
working time arrangements, increasing team job satisfaction and employee well-being through good
management and performance management, increasing staff satisfaction through equal treatment, and
promoting a diverse workforce.
The positive impacts we have identified may create significant strategic opportunities for Musti
Group. For instance, improved employee wellbeing driven by flexible working arrangements and high-
quality leadership not only enhances individual quality of life but also enables the Group to benefit from
lower sick leave absence costs and improved operational efficiency.
Similarly, promoting diversity is a business opportunity for us: it expands our recruitment pool and
strengthens our ability to serve a diverse customer base, which can lead to increased market share and
deeper customer insight.
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Risks identified through the process indicate reputational damage and influence employer
attractiveness. These may result from poor health and safety conditions, unequal treatment of
employees and inadequate training and development of employees for instance. Although the impact
of the identified risks is high, Musti considers them unlikely. However, the opportunities are considered
to increase e.g. the employer brand, employee well-being, satisfaction and productivity that are also
defined in the Musti’s Employee Policy which forms the fundamental principles and practices in relation
to the own workforce.
Risks related to forced, compulsory or child labor were not identified as significant based on the
double materiality assessment. As Musti operates in the Nordics, the Baltics, and recently in Portugal,
it is deemed highly unlikely for such matters to take place. In addition, Musti’s Employee Policy
determines a framework for recruitment policy, applicable for the entire group, that ensures a working
environment that is open, equal and non-discriminating.
Musti Group has not identified any impacts on its own workforce that could arise from the company’s
plans and measures to reduce carbon emissions in accordance with international agreements.
Musti Group has also not identified any negative impacts on its own workforce that could arise from
the specific characteristics of employees or the performance of certain tasks.
Musti Group has not identified any material risks or opportunities arising from the impacts and
dependencies of its own workforce on people that are related to certain groups of people.
Impacts, risks and opportunities management
S1-1 Policies related to own workforce
The key policies related to Musti’s own workforce are Code of Conduct and Employee Policy drawn up in
2025, which cover all own workforce in all operating areas. Additionally, Musti has several internal policies
and frameworks available that give more practical guidelines to the ways of working in the Group.
Musti Groups Code of Conduct sets the principles which are based on the ten principles of the
UN Global Compact. The company has committed to include these principles in all its operations,
company culture and strategy. In addition, Musti has committed to communicating the principles to
our employees, owners, suppliers and other partners. Musti’s Code of Conduct is aimed at helping all
employees to act responsibly in their job. The ethical principles cover laws and regulations, human
rights, business integrity and cooperation with stakeholders. There have been no changes to the Code
of Conduct during 2025. The Code of Conduct will be updated during 2026, when the principles will
be supplemented by international conventions that create the basis for respecting human rights, such
as the UN Guiding Principles on Human Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the ILO
Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, the OECD Guidelines for Multinational
Enterprises, and the UN Guiding Principles on Business Responsibility for Human Rights (UNGP).
The Employee Policy describes the principles and management practices that guide our actions in
employee matters towards consistency, fairness, and transparency. It directs both management and
employees in all matters related to personnel. At the end of 2025, the Musti Group management team
approved the People policy, which it is responsible for implementing.
Work safety and accident prevention are part of the People policy and are based on everyones
responsibility towards themselves and other employees. The goal is to create a safe and healthy
working environment. Risk assessment, safety instructions and continuous improvement are part of the
operation.
Musti’s Code of Conduct and the Employee Policy provide the main guiding principles in eliminating
discrimination and promoting equality of opportunities, diversity and inclusion. The Code of Conduct
strives to operate sustainably and ethically with respect to the environment, people and society.
These principles form the ground for Groups culture that aims to provide an environment where
discrimination is not tolerated. The Code of Conduct specifically states that our principle is that we do
not accept any form of child labor, discrimination, breach of human rights, harassment or bullying.
The grounds for discrimination will be defined in more detail in the Code of Conduct to be updated
in 2026.
Musti Group has not identified any particularly vulnerable employee groups within its workforce, and
therefore has no specific commitments related to its operating principles.
The Employee Policy complements our commitment to sustaining an equal working environment
where no one is discriminated. In addition to the policies described, Musti has created ways to put the
operating principles into practice, for example through orientation and training, and to obtain feedback
and views from its own workforce. These include formal and informal interactions, people surveys
and more frequent pulse surveys where the recent results indicate that the working environment is
considered equal, diverse and inclusive.
Suppliers commit to respecting labor rights in accordance with the International Labor Organization
(ILO) conventions by signing the Musti Group Supplier Code of Conduct. Suppliers commit, among
other things, to act as employers who ensure employment relationships through written contracts and
safe working conditions, and to prevent forced or child labor.
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S1-2 Processes for engaging with own workforce and workers’ representatives about impacts
Musti includes regular and structured and direct engagement with employees to identify and address
material, actual and potential impacts on own workforce. This engagement aims to ensure that the
perspectives of employees can be meaningfully integrated into decision-making processes and that
the company understands how its operations, policies, and strategic changes affect different groups
of employees. Employee representatives are also involved in the dialogue. Communication takes
place during daily work, in weekly or monthly team meetings, and in information and training events
organized by the company several times a year.
Musti collects information on workforce impacts and concerns through multiple channels, including
employee surveys, performance and wellbeing discussions, store visits, team meetings, and direct
feedback mechanisms. Employees are encouraged to raise concerns confidentially, and the company
monitors recurring themes related to working conditions, health and safety, workload, and professional
development.
The insights gathered through engagement inform management decisions in several ways. Findings
from people surveys are reviewed at management level and incorporated into action plans addressing
issues such as employee wellbeing, training, work-life balance and leadership development. The Groups
Head of Human Resources responsible for liaising with employees to ensure that the information and
results generated are taken into account in the company’s operating methods in cooperation with the
management team. The aim is to ensure that employee views are genuinely integrated into decision-
making and that the company understands how its operations, policies and strategic changes affect
different employee groups. Musti has not identified any employee groups or vulnerable individuals
within its workforce who are particularly at risk of impacts or marginalized. The management team
regularly monitors the effectiveness of the dialogue with employees and the results achieved, primarily
through employee surveys. Regular communication between local representatives and management
also enables the exchange of real-time information.
Musti Group adheres to local collective agreements, which are regularly negotiated between the
employers’ and employees’ unions when agreeing on key working conditions. Local representatives
are also involved in the cooperation between the employer and employees, and in addition, local
occupational health and safety committees operate, in which local occupational health and safety
representatives are represented. Musti Group is a member of the Global Compact and is committed to
respecting human rights.
S1-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for own workforce to raise concerns
Musti has created processes to create opportunities to remedy negative impacts and collaborate
to address them within its own workforce. These processes aim to ensure that actual and potential
impacts are identified promptly, addressed effectively, and prevented from recurring.
Company employees and employee representatives can use Musti Groups Whistleblowing channel
to report concerns and negative impacts, or work with managers, employer representatives or trade
unions to explain issues.
Processes for Remediation
When negative impacts on employees are identified, e.g. workplace safety incidents, inappropriate
behavior or discrimination concerns, Musti follows a structured remediation process. This includes:
Investigation and assessment: Supervisors and HR personnel conduct an initial review to understand
the issue and the severity of the impact.
Corrective actions: Depending on the nature of the impact, actions may include adjustments to
working practices, enhanced safety measures, additional training, conflict resolution steps or
targeted wellbeing support.
Follow-up and monitoring: Musti monitors the effectiveness of corrective actions and follows
up with affected employees to ensure that concerns have been resolved and that preventative
measures have been implemented.
Musti provides its workforce with accessible channels to raise concerns, report misconduct or highlight
risks without fear of retaliation. These include direct reporting to the supervisors or store managers
about day-to-day matters, as well as a formal third party hosted whistleblowing channel where every
stakeholder has a possibility to raise concern. All concerns raised through the Whistleblowing channel
are documented, assessed, and handled according to defined procedures to ensure timely resolution.
The group HR oversees the channel and the remediation process overall.
Employees are informed about the use and purpose of these channels, for example during orientation
and through internal communications, including by introducing them to the inappropriate treatment
policy. The effectiveness of the channels is also ensured by reviewing the policy in various meetings
and with input from personnel surveys or workplace surveys. Ensuring effectiveness also enables the
assessment of personnel awareness and trust regarding Musti’s reporting channels and the functionality
of the reporting process. By maintaining structured remediation processes and robust reporting
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channels, the Group aims to ensure that all employees have a safe and trusted environment in which
to voice concerns and that negative impacts on the workforce are addressed promptly and effectively.
Concerns raised through reporting channels will be handled confidentially without fear of retaliation.
While Musti does not have a formal non-retaliation policy, we are fully committed to protecting
whistleblowers and ensuring that reporting concerns results in no adverse consequences for the
individual. We are currently evaluating the need for formal documentation of these processes.
S1-4 Taking action on material impacts on own workforce, and approaches to managing material risks
and pursuing material opportunities related to own workforce, and effectiveness of those actions
The material sustainability topics related to Musti’s own employees include working conditions,
equal treatment and opportunities for all, and work-related rights. These themes include working
hours, health and safety, gender equality and equal pay, training and skills development, and privacy.
Therefore, the key actions taken are focused on these material topics. During 2025, the integration of
the Baltic countries into the Musti Group and its operating methods was carried out, so the measures
described in this regard to reduce material risks related to the workforce and exploit material
opportunities do not extend in depth to these new business countries in this report.
Musti Group regularly monitors employees’ experience of well-being at work and work engagement.
A comprehensive Musti View survey is carried out annually, and a short eNPS pulse survey is carried out
twice a year.
Musti Group reports on both the measures taken and their actual impacts on its own workforce.
We make a clear distinction between activities carried out, such as organized training or the
implementation of new guidelines, and the actual outcomes for people, such as improved occupational
safety or increased job satisfaction. Currently, we monitor effectiveness primarily through employee
surveys and grievance channels to ensure that the measures taken lead to the intended improvements
among employees.
Working conditions - working hours as a factor in promoting work-life balance
Musti implements targeted measures to mitigate the negative effects associated with excessive
or irregular working hours. These actions focus on monitoring actual working hours and assessing
workloads to ensure employees have a sufficient balance between work and free time, which is a key
element of overall well-being. Employee well-being is regularly monitored through both the Musti
View and eNPS surveys. The results of these continuous monitoring tools make it possible to assess
employees’ work–life balance and identify areas for improvement.
The results are reviewed in team-specific workshops, where development plans and related follow-up
measures are created. Regular employee surveys provide important insights into well-being, but they also
create opportunities to strengthen employee engagement and motivation, which in turn can enhance
employer attractiveness and support recruitment. Additionally, HR organizes a supervisor forum every second
month, offering a space for discussion, knowledge sharing, and peer support on various leadership topics.
Working conditions - health and safety
Musti’s goal as an employer is to provide all its employees with safe working conditions and to invest in
employee well-being, occupational health and work ability management. These principles apply to all
people working in all Musti Groups locations in all countries.
At Musti Group, the health, well-being and safety of employees is promoted comprehensively through
several mutually supportive practices, in compliance with local regulations and collective agreements.
The measures vary from country to country.
Health and well-being form an important whole. Musti leads active network cooperation with both
the occupational health service partner and pension insurance companies and employee insurance
companies. This cooperation is managed through jointly agreed goals and KPIs. Special attention is paid
to proactive and preventive working methods in work ability management, where occupational health
care plays a central role. To support and strengthen psychosocial well-being, an early support model is
utilized, which allows for constructive and timely intervention in absenteeism, workload and work flow.
Workload is monitored and balanced, and supervisors are offered training in identifying mental workload
and interaction challenges in the work community.
Supervisor work and management are seen as an important means of ensuring employee well-being. Good
management is fair, goal-oriented and humane. Supervisors’ task is to support employee development, well-
being and motivation. The feedback culture is based on openness and constructive interaction. Supervisors
are offered support in developing leadership skills. These issues are also discussed in supervisor forums. By
investing in high-quality leadership and performance management, we aim to foster high job satisfaction and
well-being. These investments are expected to have a positive impact on our workforce and reinforce the
positive social impacts of our operations.
In Musti Groups operating countries, work safety, its development and the continuous development
of employees’ competence are part of risk management. Work safety is a collaboration between the
employer and employees. It ensures that the workplace is safe and healthy to work in. The aim is to
prevent and reduce accidents at work, occupational diseases and physical and mental stress through
occupational safety that are harmful to health. Promoting work safety is the continuous development of
operations in accordance with the regulations and rules of each business area.
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Work safety is based on site-specific risk assessments. They are carried out when new operations
begin, for example when a new store is opened, whenever operations or working conditions change,
after accidents occur or if safety deficiencies are detected, but also regularly to keep the risk
assessment up to date. The employer is obliged to systematically investigate and identify the harmful
and hazardous factors arising from work, working hours, working space, other working environment
and working conditions and, if they cannot be eliminated, to assess their significance for the safety and
health of employees. For example, based on the risk assessment of stores carried out in 2025, measures
identified in Finland for 2026 include the prevention of psychosocial stress, bites during dog and cat
care procedures and musculoskeletal disorders.
Achieving a good level of occupational safety is ensured through training and by encouraging
employees to actively promote occupational safety. Training is organized in all our countries, focusing on
work ability, occupational health and safety. Training can also include first aid training, fire safety drills,
evacuation drills and task-specific HSE training. Management training is also organized to support store
managers in their role as occupational health and safety managers. From a management perspective, the
safety culture is developed in accordance with the principles of openness and continuous improvement.
Workplaces are continuously developed to be safer by investing, for example, in ergonomic workstations,
clearly marked emergency exits and protective equipment appropriate to the job.
Musti Groups business locations, such as stores and offices, undergo regular occupational health and
safety inspections, and development measures are taken to manage any deviations and negative impacts.
The central warehouse in Sweden and the pet food factory in Finland are also subject to these measures.
Equal treatment and equal opportunities for all - gender equality and equal pay for work of equal value
Equal treatment of personnel, for example in equal treatment of genders at work and in matters related
to employment and remuneration, has a positive impact on the employee by increasing job satisfaction,
commitment and motivation to work. Musti encourages all genders to seek opportunities equally at all
levels of the organization.
Musti considers equal treatment as one of the fundamental principles in relation to the own
workforce. It is a high matter that is also emphasized in the Code of Conduct: Musti values each
employee as an individual. Musti respects the employees’ freedom of speech and always strives to
promote equality. Each employee has the right to fair treatment, good leadership and a safe workplace.
Musti is committed to equality and non-discrimination.
The Employee Policy states that all employees are offered equal opportunities for work, career
development and rewards. Gender equality and pay equity are monitored regularly, and harassment or
inappropriate behavior is addressed immediately. Diverse workforce is seen as a strength that enriches
the work community and improves performance.
In addition to relevant policies, Musti maintains standardized HR processes for recruitment,
promotion, performance management and salary review to reduce bias and ensure equitable treatment
across all employee groups. Musti monitors key indicators such as pay equity, promotion patterns,
training progress and turnover to identify potential inequalities. Employees are provided with a
Whistleblowing channel to raise concerns.
Pet retail is a specialized trade sector that is known to be dominated by women. In Finland and
Norway, women account for over 90% of store staff, and in Sweden, the proportion is around 80%. The
female dominance of pet retail is usually explained by a combination of several factors rather than a
single cause. Work related to animals is often culturally perceived as care and service: it includes caring
for the welfare of animals, feeding skills, customer service and advice. In addition, statistically more
women apply for training and hobbies in the animal sector, and pet trade appears to many, especially
young people and people at the beginning of their careers, as a natural workplace based on interest and
competence. When filling open positions, eligibility requirements and selection criteria are set in such
a way that they are fair and equal and correspond to the actual requirements of the job. Musti Groups
basic principle of recruitment is to select the most suitable employee for each job.
During 2025, Musti Group has developed a job architecture utilizing the international competency
profile system. The goal is to create a requirement classification for each job in accordance with the job
descriptions, which can also help ensure equality in pay.
Equal treatment and equal opportunities for all - education and skills development
Musti Group offers employees many opportunities for professional and personal development, enabling
them to serve customers better and, depending on their role, to lead their team and business better.
The development of job satisfaction and the Musti culture aims to provide a good employee experience,
increase competence and have positive employee impacts. At Musti, everyone has equal opportunities
for training, personal development and career advancement.
Musti Pawcademy is the Groups learning framework, which consists of three main areas of
competence development: e-learning, on-the-job training and community learning. All training and
recordings are available on an online platform, accessible to our employees at any time. E-learning
forms the basis of Musti Pawcademy. They include mandatory training on topics such as Musti’s Code
of Conduct, work environment, product knowledge and sustainability, as well as a tailored, employee
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specific learning path based on their role. In addition, there are various training programs and other
development opportunities for different personnel groups, such as store customer service personnel,
logistics center and pet food factory personnel, as well as supervisors and office personnel. The Groups
operating countries also independently organized their own training as needed, however, in such a way
that the same topics are implemented in all countries.
We organize regular training sessions for our store staff on how to deal with different customer service
situations. An induction programme and related training is mandatory for every Musti employee. Internal
training topics have included:
Pet care - Claw clipping
Pet care - Teeth health and brushing
Grooming of cat and dog
Sales training for the products within the Service area
Puppy dates & Puppy instructor
Dog trainers
Training will be complemented by on-the-job learning and sharing, job rotation and networking
solutions to enhance different ways of developing knowledge and skills. In FY 2025, Musti Group
organized monthly live training sessions “Finally Wednesday” to share knowledge, tips and inspiration
on current topics. These trainings for sales personnel attracted around 300-400 participants during
each training session. In addition to promoting interactive learning, the training also provided good
opportunities to introduce new products and product knowledge.
We also aim to increase interaction and learning situations between office and shop employees. The
“Musti Office Goes Stores” concept aims to get Musts employees to get to know each other better.
This will increase mutual understanding of how office work affects the stores and vice versa. Making
new contacts will also facilitate future communication. The Must office employees, including senior
management, got to know the shop floor during a four-hour shift. The concept was implemented for the
third time in 2025.
The Nordic Musti Groups training concept ”My Musti Development, which began in 2023 and was
aimed at employees and managers, ended in March 2025. The training was implemented as interactive
distance learning and provided tools for stress management and maintaining motivation.
Equal treatment and equal opportunities for all diversity
Musti Groups principle is to treat every employee equally, fostering diversity. A diverse workforce,
including employees from different age groups and cultural backgrounds, brings perspective and
expertise in the development of operations. This is seen as an opportunity to increase the company’s
ability to innovate and better understand the needs of its customers. A diverse workforce has a positive
impact on employees and on their own expertise and boarden their own perspectives.
According to Musti Groups internal personnel principles, diversity is fostered by preventing
discrimination based on, for example, age, ethnic origin, nationality, language, skin color, religion,
opinion, disability, sexual orientation, gender or any other personal characteristic. These elements of
discrimination is prohibited in Musti Group under all circumstances. Musti Group will update these
forms of discrimination in the 2026 public ethical guidelines document, as Musti Group recognizes and
respects the contents of international human and labor rights conventions.
Other work-related rights -employee privacy
Musti recognizes employee privacy as a material topic and has established policies and controls to
safeguard these areas. The processing of personal data complies with data protection legislation
(GDPR) and Musti Groups own data protection guidelines to ensure that personnel’s privacy and data
are protected.
Code of Conduct and Information Security Policy provides the guidelines, while Group IT maintains
data protection measures to prevent privacy risks arising from a weakness in information security, such
as inadequate access controls or cyber vulnerabilities. Compliance with GDPR and labor regulations
are supported by HR and IT processes. The effectiveness of these actions is monitored through audits,
incident reviews and employee feedback, enabling continuous improvement and supporting secure and
compliant working environment.
Several developments related to employee security and privacy were made during 2025. Security
and privacy training programs have been updated in the Groups online learning environment, and the
orientation of new store employees includes the main principles of secure operations. In addition, a
phishing attack simulation campaign was implemented to train employees in identifying and responding
to cyber risks, promoting a security-conscious culture, and protecting their own privacy.
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Preventing, mitigating or remediating material negative impacts
Musti is taking action to prevent negative outcomes related to the material sustainability topics that
the own workforce could be exposed to. To support equal treatment, Musti applies standardized and
bias-reducing HR processes for recruitment, performance reviews and salary setting, complemented by
Code of Conduct and other relevant policies and guidelines. Working time risks are addressed through
clear scheduling guidelines, monitoring overtime and procedures to ensure compliance with laws and
internal work-time policies. To mitigate privacy risks, Group IT maintains strong information security
controls and ensures that all employees receive appropriate training in data protection and secure
handling of personal information.
Where actual impacts occur, actions are taken in a required manner with proper remediation plans
through confidential reporting channels. Corrective actions are overseen by HR and Group IT.
The effectiveness of these actions is monitored mainly through people surveys but privacy issues
might raise deeper concern. Thus, Group IT monitors strictly information security threats and all
incidents are handled in a serious manner. Insights from these actions inform further improvements and
ensure that actions taken deliver meaningful and measurable outcomes for the own workforce.
Actions related to risks and opportunities
The actions taken to address material risks concerning the own workforce correspond to the measures
already outlined in this section to prevent, mitigate or remediate material negative impacts. Likewise,
the actions taken to pursue material opportunities align with the actions described earlier that are
intended to create positive impacts for employees.
Avoiding negative impacts
We assess our operational practices to ensure they do not cause or contribute to material negative
impacts on our own workforce. This includes reviewing our procedures in relevant functions to identify
potential risks related to, for example, working conditions, equal treatment, security, employee
wellbeing and data protection.
Our approach combines internal policies, training, and continuous monitoring of workforce
indicators e.g. via employee surveys.
Musti Group considers the actual and potential impacts on its own workforce on a case-by-case
basis when making decisions to terminate business relationships. Currently, the Group has not
identified any instances where such terminations would have had significant adverse impacts on its
workforce, and therefore, no specific formalized policy for this purpose has been implemented to date.
Resource allocation to manage material impacts
Musti allocates both financial and non-financial resources to the management of material impacts on
its own workforce. Financial investments include training programs, investments in data and security
safeguarding as well as the overall technology and people who manage these matters. Non-financial
resources include, for example, enabling regular employee surveys to obtain relevant information on the
subjects that need further development to improve substance, processes and leadership skills.
Musti Group has not estimated any short-term or long-term capital or operating expenses that have
been or will be used in relation to the material impact on its own workforce or to mitigate material risks
related to its own workforce or to exploit material opportunities.
Metrics and targets
S1-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing
material risks and opportunities
Musti Groups goal is to have a well-being, competent and motivated workforce. The Employee Policy
defines the principles for ensuring good and effective personnel practices. To support these principles,
the Group has defined three indicators for its own workforce in 2025, for which targets have been set.
They are used to managing the material impacts, risks and opportunities affecting its own workforce.
The Groups objectives have been defined based on the results of previous years and taking into
account sufficient target setting.
Indicators that generally indicate working conditions:
eNPS number: target +15 by 2030 (base year 2024: eNPS result June +6 and October +4)
Employee satisfaction index: 85% by 2030 (base year 2024 no survey, baseline 83% from 2023
survey)
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Gender equality indicator:
At management level (management team + 1 level down) share of women 46% annually (Sonae target).
Base year 2024: share of women was 57% on average including the management team and one
organizational level below.
Musti Group will develop indicators and targets related to its own workforce. During 2026, the
possibility of setting a target for the percentage of employees’ sick leave will be evaluated and the
possibility of setting a uniform group-wide lost time injury rate (LTIR) will be evaluated.
Musti Group has not utilized direct communication with its own personnel and personnel
representatives in setting or tracking the performance of the targets.
General working conditions indicator: eNPS pulse
The eNPS pulse is conducted twice a year in June and October. The results of 2025 were eNPS +7 in
June and eNPS +8 in October. The survey is conducted using the same method year after year. In the
year 2025 eNPS was conducted in Finland, Sweden and Norway.
The results of the eNPS pulse show how employees feel about the organization and in particular
whether they would recommend the workplace to others. It provides a signal about the work
atmosphere, commitment and trust in management. Employees are divided into three groups based
on how they answer the question: “How likely would you recommend your workplace to a friend or
colleague?” Promoters: very satisfied, committed employees give ratings of 9-10, Passives: neutral
7-8 and Detractors: dissatisfied or disengaged 0-6. The eNPS figure is calculated as Promoters %
Detractors % and the result can be between –100 … +100.
A high number >30 indicates that the company has a good working atmosphere and trust in
management, employees feel their work is meaningful, feedback and career opportunities are effective,
and there is a good work-life balance. Musti Groups result of +8 indicates that there are no major
problems right now, but it is good to invest in development. For this reason, each team has made an
action plan and defined development targets, the implementation of which is monitored.
General working conditions indicator; Employee satisfaction index
Musti Group conducts the Musti View employee survey every two years, the questions of which form
the employee satisfaction index. In 2025, the satisfaction index was calculated in Finland, Sweden and
Norway. The response scale is four-level: completely agree agree disagree completely disagree. In
addition, the respondent has the option to select “Not applicable.
The employee satisfaction index is calculated by adding up the positive responses (3-4 on a scale
of 1-4) to all questions (28) and dividing them by the total number of responses. This gives the average
percentage of satisfaction across all questions. The result for 2025 was 83% (83% in 2023). The result
has remained at the same level as the previous survey and is excellent.
Working conditions - working hours as a factor in promoting work-life balance
The relationship between work-life balance can be examined based on a single question in the eNPS
survey: “I am satisfied with my work-life balance. In the eNPS surveys conducted in June and October
2025, satisfaction with work-life balance for the Group countries was 3.03 and 2.96. The results have
remained at the same level on average since 2023 with small variations. The survey results are classified
as follows: <2.5 development needs, 2.5 - 2.99 satisfactory level, 3.00 - 2.49 good level, >3.5 excellent
level.
Gender equality indicator
Musti Group aims to achieve 46% female representation both in its management team and at the one
organizational level below. This goal is based on a target set by Musti Groups parent company, Sonae,
to promote gender equality. The monitoring of the proportion of women at these organizational levels is
based on Musti’s employee data.
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S1-6 Characteristics of the undertaking’s employees
At the end of the financial year 2025, Musti had 3,954 employees in total. The following tables present
the breakdowns of Musti’s employees by gender, country and the type of employment contract. The
figures are consistent with the figures reported in the financial statements.
Table 1. Employee headcount by gender
Gender Number of employees
Female 3,476
Male 470
Other 8
Table 2. Employee headcount in countries with at least 50 employees,
representing more than 10.8% of the total headcount
Country Number of employees
Finland 1,271
Sweden 1,139
Norway 710
Estonia 215
Latvia 140
Lithuania 131
Portugal 348
During 2025, 252 employees transferred to other positions outside Musti Group and the turnover rate of
employees during the reprting period was 10%.
Table 3. Employee headcount by contract type and gender
Head count by contract type
Total head count
Female Male Other Tot al
3,476 470 8 3,954
Permanent
Female Male Other Tot al
2,739 402 7 3,148
Temporary/fixed term
Female Male Other Tot al
737 68 1 806
3,954
Number of non-quaranteed hours employees
Female Male Other Tot al
341 13 1 355
Number of full-time employees
Female Male Other Tot al
1,169 304 1 1,474
Number of part-time employees
Female Male Other Tot al
1,966 153 6 2,125
3,954
Temporary employees account for approximately 20% of the total workforce. Retail as a whole relies
heavily on seasonal work, especially during the holidays and vacation periods, when customer flows
and sales volumes increase rapidly. This phenomenon also applies to the sale of pet supplies and food,
as demand increases, for example, during the Christmas season and during the spring and summer
outdoor and hobby seasons. In pet retail, additional labor is needed, for example, during campaigns,
offers, store changes or inventory checks. This is also a way to optimize the use of resources and
control costs at different stages of the year. From a customer perspective, this enables the maintenance
of service levels during busy periods.
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Part-time employees account for approximately 54% of the workforce. The role of young part-time
employees in the pet retail sector is significant. Young people often start their working lives in part-
time positions because they offer a low-threshold opportunity to get to know the rules of the game,
customer service and working in a store environment without the commitment of a full-time job. Part-
time work gives them the space to study, try out different work tasks and figure out what kind of roles
they enjoy and where they have natural strengths. The industry often attracts employees motivated
by a love of animals, and for many young people this is the first opportunity to combine their interest
in animals with customer service and sales. Pet retail is an industry where, in addition to sales, the
nature of advisory work and building customer trust are emphasized. This offers young people the
opportunity to gradually grow into an expert role and find their own interests in areas such as dog
supplies, small animal care or nutrition. Many young people can later progress to responsible shifts,
supervisory positions or roles requiring specialized expertise, which makes a part-time starting position
an important springboard for the entire career path.
Table 4. Head count by contract type by region
Total head count
Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Lithuania Portugal Total
1,271 710 1,139 215 140 131 348 3,954
Permanent
Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Lithuania Portugal Total
936 586 908 198 140 131 232 3,131
Temporary/fixed term
Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Lithuania Portugal Total
335 124 231 17 0 0 116 823
3,954
Number of non-guaranteed hours employees
Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Lithuania Portugal Total
249 11 95 0 0 0 0 355
Number of full-time employees
Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Lithuania Portugal Total
321 154 411 140 131 99 218 1,474
Number of part-time employees
Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Lithuania Portugal Total
701 545 633 75 9 32 130 2,125
3,954
The data above has been obtained from Musti Groups HR system, which provides granular employee
information for reporting purposes. The metrics are not subject to significant assumptions. As employee
data for the Baltic and Portuguese subsidiaries is not yet fully integrated into Musti’s system, the data
was collected through traditional methods from separate reports and consolidated with the data from the
Musti’s HR system. The headcount at the end of the financial year and the average headcount during the
financial year are consistent with Musti’s financial statements.
S1-9 Diversity metrics
Table 5. Gender diversity of the Management Team
Gender Female Male Other Total
Number of people 5 4 0 9
Distribution, % 56 44 0 100
Musti Group includes the management team and one level down in its own management gender balance
indicator. The proportion of women in 2025 was 57%, with the target being 46%.
Table 6. Distribution of employees by age group
Age group Under 30 years 30-50 years Over 50 years Total
Number of
employees
1,879 1,740 335 3,954
Distribution, % 48 44 8 100
The data above has been obtained from Musti Groups HR system, which provides granular employee
information for reporting purposes. The metrics are not subject to significant assumptions. As employee data
for the Baltic and Portuguese subsidiaries is not yet fully integrated into Musti’s system, the data was collected
through traditional methods from separate reports and consolidated with the data from the Musti’s HR system.
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S1-13 Training and skills development metrics
Musti Group is taking advantage of the transitional provision and will not report on training and skills
development metrics from its first reporting year, 2025.
S1-14 Health and safety metrics
Musti Group works in collaboration with occupational health services and the pension insurance
companies to solve work capacity problems. The aim of close cooperation is to find the best possible
solution for each employee to maintain and restore work capacity, for example through part-time work,
vocational rehabilitation or work trial. 100% of the Groups employees are covered by occupational
health services. The Group complies with local legislation regarding occupational health and safety. The
Group does not have a certified occupational safety management system.
During 2025, there were no deaths due to work-related injuries or work-related health problems
amongst Musti’s own workforce including non-employee people. The number of cases related to work-
related injuries and health problems in the workforce was 40. Most injuries are minor wounds, caused
by dog bites or leg injuries from objects falling from pallets or shelves. The information collected on
workplace accidents and accident classification will be developed in the future.
Musti Group will develop indicators related to its own workforce. During 2026, the possibility of setting
a uniform Group-wide accident frequency indicator (LTIR Lost Time Injury Rate) will be assessed. For
system reasons, it is not possible to provide an estimate for 2025.
The data above has been collected from Musti Groups HR system, which provides granular employee
information for the purpose of reporting this data. The metrics do not involve significant assumptions or
uncertainty. As the employeel data for both the Baltic and Portuguese subsidiaries is not yet fully integrated
into Musti’s system, the data was collected through traditional methods from separate reports and
consolidated with the data from the HR system. The reported data has not been audited by other external
auditors.
Estimation of numbers of hours worked based on standard hours of work was approximately 6
million hours in 2025. The estimated figure include both contract type employee groups: permanent
and temporary. The assumptions used were 251 working days during 2025, standard working hours for
permanent employees, 7.5 hours per day, and estimated average working hours, 2 hours per day, for
temporary employees.
S1-16 Compensation metrics (pay gap and total compensation)
Data regarding pay gap and total remuneration metrics are not available and therefore not reported in
2025. In December 2025, a new feature was created in the HR system, which will be completed in 2026,
enabling reporting of pay gap and total remuneration.
S1-17 Incidents, complaints and severe human rights impacts
Musti Group monitors work-related incidents, complaints, and severe human rights impacts concerning
its own workforce. The Group has an established and functional whistleblowing channel through which
employees can report potential misconduct or concerns anonymously and without fear of retaliation.
Although a fully unified and formal Group-level process for the centralized coordination of all such data
is not yet in place, the process will be actively developed during 2026. The objective of this development
is to strengthen data collection and the management of grievance mechanisms across all operating
countries in accordance with the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive.
During 2025, one complaint regarding potential discrimination was raised by a retail employee
through Musti’s official whistleblowing channel. To ensure a fair and objective assessment, we engaged
independent external legal counsel to conduct a formal investigation. The investigation concluded
that no breach of policy or discriminatory conduct had occurred, and as a result, no further formal
disciplinary actions were required. There were no further complaints or concerns that were reported
through other channels, such as directly to HR or supervisors. Also, there were no other cases reported
regarding, for example, discrimination or severe human rights violations, which came to Musti’s
attention during 2025. Furthermore, Musti is not aware of any fines, penalties, or compensation for
damages resulting from violations related to work-related discrimination or harassment.
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S2 Workers in the value chain
Strategy
ESRS 2 SBM-2 Interests and views of stakeholders
Employees in the value chain are a key stakeholder group that is impacted. Employee expectations
and benefits vary at different stages of the value chain, but they are united by the need for safe and
healthy working conditions, fair working conditions and meaningful work. Combating child labor and
eliminating the risks of forced labor are linked to respect for human rights and the rights of workers in
the value chain. An equal salary that is sufficient for subsistence, social benefits and the meaningfulness
of work increase the stability of work and trust in the employer. Taking local communities into account
and long-term supply contracts are seen as important factors that strengthen the sustainability of the
entire value chain.
Workers in the supply chain are subject to both negative and positive human rights impacts, and
Musti Groups double materiality assessment identified this as a significant impact on workers in the
value chain. Supplier cooperation aims to ensure positive and human rights-based treatment of workers
and to prevent negative impacts.
ESRS 2 SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business
model
Musti Groups growth and profitability strategy is closely linked to sustainability topics related to supply
chain sustainability and value chain employees, which have been identified in the double materiality
analysis. The company’s strategic goal is to grow in Europe, to expand the store and service network
and to strengthen the e-commerce business requires reliability, scalability and a high level of ethics in
the supply chain. The impacts related to the employees of the value chain are particularly pronounced
in the early stages of procurement and production, which is why Musti Groups opportunity and
responsibility to influence these themes is realised primarily through supplier cooperation. The double
materiality assessment identified impacts related to employees in the value chain that Musti Group
can influence in cooperation with suppliers. Based on the double materiality assessment, the material
impacts related to employees in the value chain arise from many aspects related to working conditions.
Respect for human rights in the supply chain supports the implementation of the strategy by mitigating
operational and reputational risks that could jeopardise growth and strengthening of market position.
Significant risks and opportunities directly affecting Musti’s business were not identified in this first
round of double materiality assessment.
The strategy’s key focus on growing its own and exclusive product portfolio will further strengthen
the link to sustainability in the supply chain. When Musti Group increases its own influence in
the design, sourcing and production of products, the responsibility for ensuring that products are
manufactured with respect for human rights and safeguarding workers’ rights throughout the value
chain increases. The company’s zero-tolerance policy for human rights violations guides supplier
selections, contracts and control practices, ensuring that improving profitability and increasing margins
are not based on unsustainable working conditions or poor social practices. In this way, responsible
supply chain management serves as a strategic prerequisite for achieving profitability targets in the
long term.
In addition, Musti Groups strategic focus on customer loyalty, trust and a strong brand is
directly linked to taking human rights into account in the supply chain. Consumers’ expectations of
responsibility are increasingly related to the origin of products and the working conditions behind
them. Supplier cooperation, which aims to strengthen positive and human-rights-respecting treatment
of employees, supports Musti Group’s brand promise. At the same time, the collaborative approach
enables continuous improvement and strengthening of positive impacts in the value chain, which
supports both the company’s sustainability goals and its long-term growth and competitiveness.
Managing impacts, risks and opportunities
A responsible supply chain is an important part of Musti Groups strategy and business model.
We cooperate with suppliers who are committed to complying with Musti Groups Supplier Code
of Conduct and comply with applicable legislation in all their business operations, including the
management of impacts on employees. In our Supplier Code of Conduct, suppliers commit to ethical
business practices, respect international human rights commitments, and be aware of the impact of
their business on the environment, as well as to manage and reduce negative environmental impacts.
The Supplier Code of Conduct is included in the supplier agreement.
A responsible supply chain is based on the selection process of new suppliers and the related
supplier assessment, long-term cooperation with suppliers, and self-assessment and audits of their own
operations.
In addition, amfori BSCI audits are carried out by an independent third party for Musti Groups
suppliers located in high-risk countries. Amfori BSCI audits map suppliers’ operating methods and
business processes related to, among other things, negative human rights impacts like occupational
safety, terms of employment, such as working hours, and the implementation of the ban on child and
forced labour.
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The audit results particularly highlighted deviations in working hours, such as excessive overtime,
shortcomings in working time records or compliance with weekly rest periods. Several suppliers were
found to need to improve systematic working time monitoring and ensure that actual working hours
comply with local legislation and amfori BSCI requirements. Depending on the audit result, a follow-up
amfori BSCI audit will be carried out in a year or less frequently.
Our product range includes pet food, pet care and well-being products and accessories. We require
our suppliers to ensure product safety even before making a purchase decision and to have a product
traceability system in place so that we can ensure product safety in advance and act quickly in the
event of any suspected product defects.
Employee groups in the value chain
Employee groups in the value chain include employees of production plants that manufacture products,
employees of production plants that manufacture raw materials and packaging materials used in
products, employees of subcontractors who work in Musti’s own production facilities that manufacture
pet food, and employees of companies that are responsible for the storage, transport and sales of raw
materials used in products and manufactured products.
S2-1 Policies related to value chain workers
Musti Group respects human rights and requires suppliers operating in the value chain commit to
operate in accordance with the Supplier Code of Conduct in all their operations, covering all employee
groups in the value chain in all geographical areas. The Musti Group management team is responsible
for implementing the operating principle. The Supplier Code of Conduct is based on principles defined
in international conventions, so stakeholder representatives have not been involved in its development.
Suppliers are expected to respect human rights. Employees must be treated fairly, and suppliers must
not tolerate any form of discrimination or harassment when selecting employees or in the workplace.
and that all employees are offered equal opportunities to perform their work in accordance with what
is written in the employment contract written in the language that the employee understands. All forms
of forced labor, such as the payment of security deposits or the withholding of identity documents from
staff at the start of employment, are prohibited. Employees in the value chain have the right to leave the
workplace at the end of a normal working day and terminate their employment.
Suppliers have to pay all employees a salary that is enough to live on. Employees’ working hours must
comply with national legislation and they must be entitled to all statutory holidays.
The use of child labor is prohibited and the employment of young people must not hinder the
completion of compulsory education. Young workers must also not be hired for dangerous work tasks.
Suppliers must provide safe and healthy working conditions for all employees.
Employees in the value chain must have the right to organize freely and to collective bargaining on
collective agreements.
The Supplier Code of Conduct is based on the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and
Human Rights, the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, and the OECD
Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. The Supplier Code of Conduct is part of supplier agreements,
where signatures confirm commitment with these principles. The document can be found on the Musti
Group website, where they are available to all stakeholders.
Musti Group has a Whistleblowin channel for making anonymous reports in situations where there is
a possible suspicion of a human rights violation.
S2-2 Processes for engaging with value chain workers about impacts
Musti Groups goal is a good and mutually beneficial supplier relationship. This work is carried
out starting from the selection of suppliers and through cooperation meetings with them after the
establishment of a supplier relationship. Supplier cooperation includes conducting audits either by
Musti Group or, in high-risk countries, through the amfori BSCI system. In these situations, there is an
opportunity for direct discussion with employees.
Musti Group has not carried out a due diligence process in accordance with human rights due
diligence in its value chain. The implementation and timing of this will be assessed in the next few years.
S2-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for value chain workers to raise concerns
Musti Group recognizes its responsibility to act in good cooperation with suppliers and partners
operating in the value chain so that negative impacts on employees operating in the value chain can be
prevented, mitigated and corrected. Musti Group requires suppliers operating in all risk countries to
commit to improving the amfori BSCI audit system and the resulting audit results.
Employees in the value chain can express their concerns anonymously through Musti Groups
Whistleblowing channel.
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S2-4 Taking action on material impacts on value chain workers, and approaches to managing material risks
and pursuing material opportunities related to value chain workers, and effectiveness of those action
Risk management is an integral part of Musti Groups operations and operational development. We
identify and assess supply chain impacts, risks and opportunities. The risk management process
includes the mapping, prioritization and definition of management measures for risks. Suppliers are
subject to clear requirements and their performance is assessed through audits and contract terms
Musti Group is a member of the amfori BSCI organization and uses the organizations audit system for
risk management.
To identify the impact of workers in the value chain, amfori BSCI focuses on human rights,
occupational health and well-being risks, such as excessive working hours, occupational safety
practices and weak employee empowerment.
In addition, we develop supplier meetings with suppliers by organizing rules, and the intention is to
build long-term partnerships. A business relationship that utilizes both actions is currently working to
improve the rights and working conditions of workers in the value chain in the long term and that they
work in practice with the ethical safeguards of Musti Group.
Metrics and targets
S2-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing
material risks and opportunities
Musti Group has set the following value chain sustainability metrics and targets, which were approved
by the Management Team in 2025:
Adoption of Supplier Code of Conduct (Musti or amfori BSCI), where the target is 100% of suppliers
have adopted and signed the code of conduct by 2027. Where the base year 2024 result was 99.2%
amfori BSCI audits for suppliers in high-risk countries, where the target is to audit 100% of suppliers
operating in high-risk countries annually. Where the base year 2024 result was 100%
Results achieved in 2025:
94.6% of suppliers have signed the Supplier Code of Conduct
86% of suppliers amforiBSCI audited
These indicators and targets are an essential part of Musti Groups management of the impacts, risks
and opportunities on workers in its value chain. They create a concrete mechanism for monitoring the
requirements of the Code of Conduct and promote continuous improvement of workers’ rights and
working conditions in the supplier network.
The targets set are in line with Musti Groups Supplier Code of Conduct. The Supplier Code of
Conduct aims to ensure that all suppliers’ operations are based on ethical principles covering human
rights, workers’ rights, occupational safety, and responsible business practices. The signature rate
serves as a measure of the implementation of the Supplier Code of Conduct in the value chain.
The implementation of the human rights and responsible sourcing principles in practice is monitored
through amfori BSCI audits. The audit coverage target supports the implementation of the Code of
Conduct by ensuring that the working conditions and processes of suppliers operating in high-risk
countries are assessed by an independent third party.
The goals have been defined according to the zero principle: all suppliers must commit to and act
in accordance with the Musti Group principles. And they are based on the 10 principles of the Global
Compact, as part of Musti Groups membership in the organization. The goals have not been defined
using the views of stakeholders, as the realization of human rights is a fundamental basis for fair action
towards people.
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S4 Consumers and end-users
Strategy
ESRS 2 SBM-2 Stakeholders’ interests and views
Consumers in the pet business form a diverse group whose purchasing behavior is influenced by both
emotional and rational factors. The customer base covers a wide range of ages and incomes, but city
dwellers and young adults in particular are a growing segment. Consumers are digitally active, they
search for information online, compare products and appreciate easy online shopping. Consumers and
pets are a key affected stakeholder group.
Consumers’ interests and views are primarily related to the well-being and safety of pets. Customers
expect products and services to support their pet’s health and comfort. Responsibility and sustainability
are important values. Digital services, e-commerce and home delivery also increase customer
satisfaction and a good customer experience. Tailored diets and high-quality products are seen as
added value, and some consumers are prepared to pay a premium price for quality. Consumers’ views
are heard in customer encounters in stores, through contacts through customer service channels and
customer satisfaction surveys. Interaction also takes place on social media and through marketing
communications.
Consumers increasingly view pets as family members, and this influences the products they
purchase, such as food, accessories, and services. The “pet parenting” trend guides the development of
Musti’s offering. This trend has driven demand for premium foods and various services, to which Musti
has responded by expanding its range to include wellness-related products as well-being services such
as grooming, training, and veterinary services.
Musti’s idea that “Musti has everything you need” reflects consumers’ expectations for convenience
and comprehensive service. With the help of data, Musti aims to provide customer-specific solutions,
demonstrating that consumers’ individual preferences and purchasing behavior also steer the
development of digital services. Omnichannel operations are a key part of Musti’s business model,
responding to consumers’ evolving ways of shopping. Consumers expect a seamless experience both
online and in stores, which is reflected in Musti’s strategy of having the largest store network in the
Nordics combined with a strongly growing e-commerce presence.
Musti’s business model and strategy are firmly built around the needs and behaviors of pet owners.
The company’s operations are based on continuous improvement to better serve existing customers
and attract new ones, especially at the early stages of a pets life cycle when long-term customer
relationships can be formed. The brand promise, omnichannel service, focus on quality, and flexible
pricing solutions create a holistic approach grounded in understanding consumer interests and
viewpoints. Consumers’ expectations for convenience, comprehensive solutions, and reliable service
guide Musti’s strategic priorities and overall business operations.
ESRS 2 SBM-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model
Musti Groups growth and profitability strategy is linked to several material sustainability topics that
have been identified in the double materiality assessment. The assessment identified both positive
and negative impacts on consumers and pets, as well as risks and opportunities that can affect Musti’s
business.
Based on the double materiality assessment, material impacts related to consumers and end users are
created through the quality and accuracy of product information, through the advice and information
provided in customer service situations, in the management of the consumers personal data, and through
responsible marketing practices. The quality and safety of the products affect both the pet and the pets
family members. Product safety risks may have an impact on Musti Groups reputation and business
profitability. Services and high-quality products related to the well-being of pets strengthen trust in the
company and are associated with opportunities to strengthen customer loyalty.
The Business Conduct (G1) reporting standard includes impacts on animal welfare. This part of the
perspective of pet well-being emerged as an essential sustainability topic in Musti Groups double
materiality assessment. The topic has been moved to the reporting standard Consumers and end-users
(S4) and therefore this perspective is discussed in this context.
Material adverse impacts and business risks
Musti Groups product range includes pet food, products and supplies related to pet care and well-being,
as well as services. Services include e.g. grooming, training and massage services, as well as dietary
services, and veterinary services in certain stores.
Incorrect product and packaging labelling can mislead the consumer, which can lead to the wrong use
of the product and negative effects on the pets well-being and health. Product defects, such as electrical
equipment failures, can endanger the health of the pet and cause property damage to the consumer. The
poor quality of pet food can impair the pets well-being and health, which can lead to a loss of confidence
and a decrease in sales volumes.
Failure to provide customer service or process customer feedback can create a negative customer
experience and increase the risk of a customer sharing their experience on social media, which can
damage the company’s reputation. Data breaches of consumers’ personal data can cause serious privacy
violations and increase the risk of identity theft. Additionally, cybercrime targeting e-commerce can lead
to financial losses and undermine brand credibility.
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Material positive impacts and business opportunities
Advice provided by skilled store personnel in customer service situations and Musti’s pet training
services increase the level of competence of pet owners. This affects the well-being and health of pets,
which has an impact on customer satisfaction and trust per company. To ensure a positive impact, the
company invests in continuous personnel training, the quality of customer service and the sharing of
up-to-date information.
Musti’s care and health services offer consumers the opportunity to get help to promote the
well-being of their pets. A diverse range of services creates an opportunity to stand out from the
competition and strengthens the brand’s position as a professional operator. In order to take advantage
of this opportunity, the range of services and training offered will be developed and the services will be
actively communicated to customers.
In addition, expert advice and wellness services can reduce incorrect product choices and enable a
good quality of life for pets.
Managing impacts, risks and opportunities
The impacts, risks and opportunities on consumers and end users are managed in the pet retail trade
as part of the company’s business processes. Potential negative impacts include deviations related
to product safety or incomplete product information. These are managed through product design to
supplier selection and supplier agreements and with the help of their quality appendices. Feedback
channels provide up-to-date information on product-related deficiencies.
Business risks related to consumers, such as a loss of trust or reputational damage, are prevented
through open communication and the processing of customer complaints. Consumers will be able to
provide feedback in stores or contact us through a centralized customer service center.
Consumers’ growing interest in the well-being and sustainable consumption of pets is seen as an
opportunity that is exploited with a comprehensive and value-added range of products and services at
different stages of a pet’s life cycle.
The company monitors the changing expectations of consumers and other key stakeholders. This
includes developing the product range and services to reflect consumer trends. As consumer needs
and values change, the business priorities are refined accordingly. This ensures that the company’s
operations remain customer-oriented and the business responds to changes in the operating
environment.
S4-1 Policies related to consumers and end-users
Musti Groups operations are based on a Quality and Product Safety Policy, which guides all processes
to ensure the quality and safety of products and services. The goal is to create a reliable and sustainable
business that takes into account the well-being of consumers and pets. The Quality and Product Safety
Policy is followed throughout the Musti Group and its supply chain in all its markets and geographical
areas. Musti Group implements similar principles for its suppliers as part of the requirements set for
suppliers. Suppliers also undertake to act in accordance with Musti Groups separate Supplier Code
of Conduct. Musti Groups management team is responsible for the implementation of this operating
principle. The operating principle can be found on the Groups website.
We comply with legislation and official guidelines in all our operations to ensure the safety and
quality of our products and services. The starting point for our operations is to identify customer needs
and promote the well-being of pets, and customer feedback is a key part of continuous development.
Pet foods produced in our own factory meet the requirements of the FSSC 22000 standard and are
certified by a third party. Therefore, Musti Group is committed to complying with the FSSC 22000
product safety management standard in its corporate policy regarding the pet food factory in Finland.
In the development of pet foods, we take into account nutritional needs, species-appropriateness
and palatability. The correctness, legality and open communication of product information as well as
compliance with responsible marketing principles are the starting points of our operations. Product
safety is taken into account throughout the supply chain, such as manufacturing, warehousing and
logistics, to ensure that products are safe all the way to the end user. The products are traceable, and in
exceptional situations, we work efficiently to minimize risks.
We are constantly developing our processes and engaging in open dialogue with customers,
suppliers and authorities to ensure good business. With these principles, Musti Group ensures that
consumers can trust the quality and safety of products and services, as part of the company’s social
responsibility and good governance.
Musti Group respects human rights and operates in accordance with its own Code of Conduct in
all its operations, including when encountering customers. More information can be found from S1-1
Policies related to own workforce in page 67. The company has a Whistleblowing channel for making
anonymous reports in situations where there is a possible suspicion of a human rights violation.
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S4-2 Processes for engaging with consumers and end-users about impacts
Dialogue with customers takes place through multiple channels: in stores, digital marketplaces, events,
through customer service, customer surveys, marketing communications, customer loyalty program,
websites and social media. Understanding customer insights is crucial to ensuring that products and
services meet their needs.
Customer feedback is a key channel for Musti Group to gain information about customers’ views.
Our customers can give us feedback via the online stores chat, by phone or email, and directly to our
personnel in our stores.
In 2025, Musti Groups customer service unit had around 390,000 customer contacts. Customers are
served, for example, by responding to product inquiries, booking appointments for well-being services
and receiving customer feedback and complaints. About 40% of customer feedback was related to
pet food or treats, about 10% to toys or supplies, about 30% to online store deliveries and about 20%
to feedback on other matters. We continued the development of customer feedback and complaint
processes and systems that began in 2024 to ensure that the processing and management of feedback
received by customer service and the store would be uniform and enable a smooth customer experience.
In 2025, the Net Promoter Score (NPS) of Musti Groups customer loyalty index was 80.1 on a scale
of -100 to +100 (2024: 76.7). Musti Groups Management Team monitors a monthly summary of the
development of customer contacts, feedback and NPS.
In addition to commercial services, Musti also offers services and free events that aim to build a pet
community for Musti Groups customers. At the events, Musti personnel give tips and connect animal
owners in the same situation to share their experiences. Together with our customers, employees
and partners, we want to work for good things that support the lives and well-being of pets and their
families. For example in Finland, the number of puppy date participations in 2025 exceed 20,000 times.
In addition, the very popular ”Most Barked Run” challenge for a walk gathered over 9,000 pets with
their owners in Finland, Sweden and Norway.
S4-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for consumers and end-users to raise
concerns
Musti Group recognizes its responsibility to ensure that its operations do not cause adverse effects
on customers, pets or other stakeholders. To this end, we have processes in place to identify potential
harm, act preventively, and take corrective measures.
Customer feedback and complaints are processed by the customer service unit and refunded
according to the refund process. If a product safety or quality problem is detected, an investigation
process is initiated and the severity of the situation is assessed. Serious or high-impact product safety
incidents are referred to legal services to ensure proper handling.
In situations where a product sold by Musti Group has caused or may cause negative effects on
pets or consumers, the company’s recall process is followed to remove defective products from the
market. In 2025, the company’s internal processes were developed in the recall process to ensure
that operations and consumer information would be carried out quickly in an acute situation. The
functionality of the recall process is tested at least once a year, the functionality of the testing is
assessed and any development needs are drawn up. In 2025, Musti Group did not make any public
recalls. After each recall case, an assessment of the development needs is made and the process is
changed according to the findings.
In the event of product safety deviations, cooperation is carried out with the manufacturer of the
product to ensure corrective and preventive measures. The supplier audit process was developed in
2025 to be risk-based, and the implementation of audits was started on the basis of this.
Musti Groups own pet food factory in Finland operates in accordance with the principles of HACCP
(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) risk assessment and prevention. The FSSC 22000 standard
for product safety management is used to anticipate and manage risks and ensure the functionality of
processes in situations where potential negative impacts on the end users of products are detected. The
processes operate in accordance with the principle of continuous improvement, including corrective
measures.
S4-4 Taking action on material impacts on consumers and end-users, and approaches to managing
material risks and pursuing material opportunities related to consumers and end- users, and
effectiveness of those actions
Product safety risk management is an integral part of Musti Groups operations and operational
development. We identify and assess risks related to our operations, such as supply chain risks. Supply
chain risk assessment includes assessment, prioritization, and definition of management measures.
Suppliers are subject to clear requirements and their performance is assessed through audits and
contract terms. In addition, we utilize customer feedback and complaint data to identify and anticipate
risks. This ensures that any adverse effects are detected in time and reacted to effectively.
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Advice provided by skilled store personnel in customer service situations and Musti’s pet training
services increase the level of competence of pet owners. This improves the well-being and health of
pets, which strengthens customer satisfaction and trust in the company. To ensure a positive impact,
the company invests in continuous staff training, the quality of customer service and the sharing of up-
to-date information.
The care and health services offered by Musti promote the well-being of pets and support pet
owners in caring for their pets. To take advantage of this opportunity, the range of services will be
developed, the range of training will be expanded, and the benefits of the services will be actively
communicated to customers.
Musti Group offers customers and end users several channels through which they can give
feedback. These include customer service by phone, email and via the online stores chat, as well as
store personnel to whom feedback can be given directly. The website has a separate feedback form
and a complaint channel. We handle customer complaints in the customer service center and act in
accordance with the responsibilities set for the seller of the products.
Customers’ willingness to recommend a company, products and services, and thus their commitment
and loyalty to it, is measured using the NPS (Net Promoter Score) survey. Customer surveys and NPS
measurements support continuous monitoring of customer satisfaction, and events and community
events provide an opportunity to discuss with experts face-to-face. Understanding our customers’ views
is crucial to ensuring that our products and services meet their needs and support their pets’ well-being.
Musti Group evaluates its success in key measures and meeting customer needs using the NPS survey.
During 2025, Musti Group has not made significant investments in the implementation of consumer
and end-user-related action plans, and it has not estimated the capital and operating expenses required
for this in the long term.
Metrics and targets
S4-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing
material risks and opportunities
Musti Group has set the following indicators and targets, which have been approved by the
Management Team in 2025:
Satisfied and loyal customers:
NPS score annualy > 70, result 2024 was 76.7
Ensuring product quality and safety level:
Ensuring product safety for pet foods and edible products in Musti’s own brands:
Suppliers’ product safety management systems must be GFSI approved or at GMP+ level 100% of
suppliers by 2030. This is a new metric, with 2025 as the baseline year.
For Musti’s own brands or products manufactured at Musti’s own pet food factory:
Zero public recalls annually. In the baseline year 2024, no public recalls were made.
The metrics have been set to be in line with the Quality and Product Safety Policy. Our goal is satisfied
and well-being of consumers and pets, and our goal is to be a manufacturer, supplier and retailer of
high-quality and safe products. Consumers and end users have not participated in the definition of the
objectives.
Satisfied and loyal customers NPS result
Customer feedback shows that the service in Musti Group stores is widely perceived as friendly, expert
and customer-oriented. The expertise of the staff, the service attitude and the positive atmosphere of
the stores form a key factor for a positive shopping experience. The wide product range, especially
products aimed at dogs and cats, supports the diverse needs of customers and promotes the well-being
of pets, which is a key part of the company’s responsibility promise.
However, the feedback highlights development needs that are important for the equality of the
customer experience and the continuity of the quality of the service. During the busiest times, the
service is perceived to be slow at times if there is a fluctuation in the adequacy of human resources.
Some customers experience the company’s price level as higher than competitors, but at the same
time the quality of the products is perceived as good. Strengthening the consistency of the service,
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availability management, the smoothness of the online store and the clarity of pricing are also areas for
development.
Overall, customer feedback suggests that the measures taken to develop personnel skills, maintain
service quality and offering a wide range of products are behind the good NPS survey result. The result
achieved in 2025 was NPS 80.1.
Musti Group will continue to focus on these measures to promote the well-being of pets and
customers and strengthen long-term customer loyalty.
Ensuring product safety in pet food and accessories
The product safety of pet food and accessories is continuously monitored. Monitoring and ensuring
compliance with requirements includes e.g. taking various samples and documented product testing.
Supplier cooperation and ensuring the traceability process are part of normal quality control, which is
supplemented by audits. In Musti’s own and exclusive brands, monitoring of suppliers’ product safety
systems was introduced as a new indicator. The 2025 result for the existence of pet food product safety
systems in suppliers’ factories is 64%.
No public recalls were made in 2025.
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4. Governance information
G1 Business Conduct
Managing impacts, risks and opportunities
G1-1 Business conduct policies and corporate culture
Musti Groups business is based on transparent and responsible operating practices as well as a strong
ethical culture. The company’s Board of Directors has approved a set of principles that apply to all
employees and the company’s management.
All our employees commit to our written Employee Code of Conduct. The principles of the Code are
based on the ten fundamental principles of the UN Global Compact. We are committed to integrating
them into our operations, corporate culture, and strategy. The company communicates these principles
to employees on the company’s intranet and in trainings. To shareholders, suppliers, and other
stakeholders the principles are communicated via the company’s webpage. The key principles of Musti
Groups ethical business conduct include compliance with laws and regulations, ethical and sustainable
business practices, respect for human rights, business integrity, and stakeholder relations. The online
training (approximately 30 minutes) regarding the Code of Conduct is mandatory for all employees.
Code of Conduct training has a positive impact on employees and management. Their knowledge
and vigilance can help prevent the risk of bribery and detect potential corruption cases. The target is
that 100% of employees complete the training. The Groups management team and the Head of HR in
particular is the most senior level in organization responsible for achieving the target.
In addition to the Code of Conduct, Musti Groups Environmental Policy outlines the principles
guiding our operations and our efforts to reduce the environmental impact of our products and services,
forming the basis for reliable and sustainable business. Our Employee Policy defines Musti Groups
practices and principles as an employer. The Information Security and Privacy Policy outlines principles
related to privacy and data protection. The Product Safety and Quality Principles set the framework for
product safety and quality. As the welfare of the pets is in the core of the company’s business, Musti
Group has presented the operating procedures regarding animal welfare above in the chapter S4.
Our company follows a strict zero-tolerance policy regarding corruption, bribery, and breaches of
competition law. All decision-making and business dealings are based on transparent practices, and
the company does not accept bribes, cash payments, excessive corporate gifts, or any other financial
advantages that could influence business relationships or decision-making. Clear guidelines are defined
for employees on practices related to hospitality, business gifts, and conflicts of interest as part of Code
of Conduct.
Corporate culture is an integral part of the company’s good governance and responsible business
conduct. The culture is guided by the Employee Code of Conduct, the company’s values and leadership
principles, which define ethical ways of working, including the prevention of corruption and bribery.
The culture is maintained and promoted through onboarding, training, leadership practices and open
internal communication. The effectiveness of the corporate culture is regularly assessed through
employee feedback, training coverage and insights from the whistleblowing channel, and the findings
are used for continuous improvement of policies and practices.
G1-2 Management of relationships with suppliers
A responsible supply chain is an integral part of our sustainability work, which we continuously develop.
The nature of Musti Groups industry involves a broad and multi-layered supplier network, making supply-
chain ethics a key part of our company’s risk management. One of the risk management tools is the
Supplier Code of Conduct, which describes the ethical principles that Musti Group requires its suppliers
to follow. The principles include commitments to lawful business conduct, the prevention of corruption
and bribery, fair working conditions, respect for human rights, and environmental protection. The
target is that 100% of suppliers sign the Supplier Code of Conduct. In 2025, 94.6% of our suppliers were
committed to the Supplier Code of Conduct. The Groups management team and Chief Operating Officer
in particular is the most senior level in the organization responsible for achieving this target.
Musti Group has been a member of amfori BSCI since 2016. Amfori BSCI helps companies trade
responsibly by improving the social performance of their supply chains. In high-risk countries, Musti
Group requires businesses to be part of amfori BSCI and its auditing system in order for us to cooperate
with them. Coverage of amfori BSCI-audited suppliers in high-risk countries is 86%.
Before starting cooperation and throughout the partnership, we conduct due diligence assessments
for suppliers and carry out monitoring and audits based on risk. We also request supplier self-
assessments, which form part of the evaluation process. Any identified shortcomings are addressed,
and suppliers are required to take corrective actions. Failure to comply may lead to the termination of
cooperation.
In 2025, the monitoring and follow-up processes for suppliers located in China were strengthened.
Long-term supplier cooperation to develop responsibility also continued during the year, based on long-
standing, well-functioning business relationships. Responsibility is a permanent core element in Musti
Groups supplier relationships.
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G1-3 Prevention and detection of corruption and bribery
Musti Group uses a whistleblowing channel designed to support compliance with laws and the
company’s internal guidelines, practices, and values. Employees and other stakeholders can report
suspected misconduct or breaches of the company’s operating principles through the whistleblowing
procedure. The tool can also be accessed via an external website, enabling stakeholders outside
the organization to use it. All reports submitted through the tool are handled anonymously and are
protected under the Whistleblower Directive. This procedure is intended for cases involving suspected
misconduct or breaches of company policies. For all normal work-related matters, the primary point of
contact is always the employees supervisor.
Musti Group has committed to investigating the cases without delay, independently and objectively.
All reported information is handled confidentially by the whistleblowing procedure team, consisting of
the company’s Head of Human Resources and Chief Financial Officer. The team assesses the information
provided and uses internal or, when necessary, external experts to investigate reports and evaluate
required actions. All reports submitted through the channel are communicated to the Audit Committee
of the Board of Directors.
The principles for preventing corruption and bribery are communicated to employees through
mandatory Code of Conduct training and via the company intranet. Suppliers are informed of these
principles through the Supplier Code of Conduct. The company’s business conduct principles are
communicated to owners, customers and other business partners through the company’s website.
The company does not provide separate training on this topic for management team or the Board of
Directors.
Musti Groups management and Board regularly monitor the effectiveness of ethical business
practices, misconduct prevention, and risk management through whistleblowing reports and
internal reporting. The results are used to support the continuous improvement of processes and the
strengthening of employee competencies. Through these practices, we ensure that our business is
transparent, responsible, and ethically sound.
Metrics and targets
G1-4 Incidents of corruption or bribery
In 2025, Musti Group was not made aware of any corruption-related incidents, investigations, or legal
proceedings involving the company. In 2025, there were also no legal actions or judgments related
to breaches of competition law, cartels, or abuse of a dominant market position. The company has
identified that the company’s sourcing department is most at risk in respect to attempts at corruption or
bribery. The target of the Company is that the number of confirmed incidents of corruption or bribery is
annually zero. The Groups Chief Operating Officer is responsible for achieving this target.
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Financial
Statements
Group financial statements 77
Parent company financial statements, FAS 119
Auditor’s report 127
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4. Net working capital 96
4.1 Inventories 96
4.2 Trade and other receivables 99
4.3 Trade and other payables 99
5. Capital structure and financial instruments 100
5.1 Financial risk management 100
5.2 Financial assets and liabilities 105
5.3 Commitments and contingencies 111
5.4 Financial income and expenses 112
5.5 Capital Management 112
5.6 Equity 112
6. Other notes 115
6.1 Related party transactions 115
6.2 Taxes 116
6.3 Subsequent events 118
7. Parent company financial statement, FAS 119
Signatures of the Board of Directors’ Report and
Financial Statements 126
Auditor’s note 126
Auditor’s report 127
Musti Group Oyj
Financial Statements 31 December 2025
Contents
Group financial statement, IFRS 77
Consolidated statement of income, IFRS 77
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income, IFRS 77
Consolidated statement of financial position, IFRS 78
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 79
Consolidated statement of cash flows, IFRS 80
Notes to Musti Group plcc financial statements 81
1. Basis of preparation 81
1.1 General information 81
1.2 Accounting principles 81
1.3 Material accounting estimates and determinations based on the
managements judgement 82
1.4 Group information 82
1.5 New and amended IFRS standards and IFRIC interpretations 83
2. Operating results 84
2.1 Segment reporting and net sales 84
2.2 Other operating income 87
2.3 Other operating expenses 87
2.4 Share-based payments 88
3. Capital employed 89
3.1 Business combinations 89
3.2 Intangible assets 91
3.3 Goodwill and impairment testing 92
3.4 Investments in joint ventures 93
3.5 Property, plant and equipment 94
3.6 Leases 95
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Financial Statements
EUR thousand
Note
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Net sales
2.1
508,855
560,571
2.2
6,03 0
5,602
Share of result in associated companies
3.4
-220
0
Materials and services
4.1
-285,0 80
-313 ,369
Employee benefit expenses
2.3
-103,932
-104,7 69
Other operating expenses
2.3
-7 0 , 74 8
-80,793
3.2, 3.3,
Depreciation, amortization and impairment
3.5, 3.6
-48,067
-51 ,023
Operating profit
6,838
16,2 18
Financial income
5.4
9 ,584
1 0,0 9 6
Financial expenses
5.4
-19 ,563
-18, 161
Financial income and expenses, net
-9 ,978
-8,066
Profit before taxes
-3, 140
8 ,1 5 2
Income tax expense
6.2
-57 7
-1, 433
Profit/loss for the period
-3 ,7 1 8
6, 719
Attributable to:
Owners of the parent
-3,72 3
6, 700
Non-controlling interest
6
19
Earnings per share (EUR) for profit
attributable to owners of the parent
Basic EPS (EUR)
-0. 11
0.20
Diluted EPS (EUR)
-0. 11
0.20
EUR thousand
Note
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Profit/loss for the period
-3,7 18
6,7 19
Other comprehensive income
Items that may be reclassified to profit or
loss in subsequent periods:
Translation differences
6 ,1 3 1
197
Tax on items that may be reclassified to
profit or loss
-416
-17
Total comprehensive income
1,997
6,899
Attributable to:
Owners of the parent
1,986
6,87 9
Non-controlling interest
11
19
Group Financial Statements, IFRS
Consolidated statement of income, IFRS Consolidated statement of comprehensive income, IFRS
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Financial Statements
EUR thousand
Note
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Goodwill
3.1, 3.2, 3.3
2 1 0, 6 0 0
195, 157
Other intangible assets
3.2
25,268
20 ,229
Right-of-use assets
3.6
94,899
90,529
Property, plant and equipment
3.5
41,861
32, 400
Investments in associates
1.4, 3.4
1 , 74 1
1,967
Deferred tax assets
6.2
6 ,1 0 0
4,697
Derivative financial instruments
5.2
118
0
Other non-current receivables
412
240
Total non-current assets
380,998
345,220
Current assets
Inventories
4.1
7 7, 8 1 7
66, 455
Trade and other receivables
4.2, 5.1
15, 432
14,7 05
Derivative financial instruments
5.2
773
1,0 76
Income tax receivables
6.2
3,525
4,028
Cash and cash equivalents
5.2
16,243
11,829
Total current assets
113, 788
98,092
TOTAL ASSETS
494, 787
443,312
EUR thousand
Note
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Share capital
5.6
11 ,002
11,002
Other reserves
5.6
123,349
123,349
Own shares
5.6
-5,340
-5,340
Translation differences
5.6
-4,399
-10 ,524
Retained earnings
44, 472
48 ,328
Total equity attributable to owners of the parent
169,084
166,815
Equity attributable to non-controlling interest
69
94
Total equity
169, 153
166,909
LIABILITIES
Non-current liabilities
Loans from credit institutions
5.2
109, 675
94,668
Lease liability
3.6
69 ,337
66,889
Deferred tax liabilities
6.2
8,70 7
6, 444
Derivative financial instruments
5.2
122
240
Non-current interest-free liabilities
5.2
0
2,215
Other non-current liabilities
5.2
80
15
Total non-currentliabilities
187 ,921
1 70 ,4 7 2
Current liabilities
Commercial papers
5.2
12,901
7 , 458
Lease liability
3.6
3 1 ,1 7 3
28 ,706
Trade and other payables
4.3
90 ,997
68, 153
Derivative financial instruments
5.2
929
233
Income tax liabilities
6.2
1,60 0
1,381
Provisions
113
0
Total current liabilities
1 3 7, 7 1 2
105,931
Total liabilities
325, 633
27 6,403
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
494, 787
443,312
Consolidated statement of financial position, IFRS
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Financial Statements
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
EUR thousand
Attributable to owners of the parent
Non-controlling interest
Total equity
Share capital
Other reserves
Treasury shares
Translation differences
Retained earnings
Total
Equity at 1 Oct 2023
11 ,00 2
123,349
-5,340
-1 0,7 2 1
46,009
164,299
88
164,387
Profit/loss for the period
6,70 0
6,70 0
19
6,7 19
Translation differences
196
196
0
197
Tax on other comprehensive income
-17
-17
-17
Total comprehensive income
0
0
0
196
6 ,6 83
6,879
19
6,899
Business combinations
0
40
40
Other changes
27
27
-27
0
Dividends
0
-26
-26
Share-based incentive plan
-4,391
-4,391
-4,391
Equity at 31 Dec 2024
11,0 02
1 23,349
-5,340
-10,52 4
48,328
166,815
94
166,909
EUR thousand
Attributable to owners of the parent
Non-controlling interest
Total equity
Share capital
Other reserves
Treasury shares
Translation differences
Retained earnings
Total
Equity at 1 Jan 2025
11 ,00 2
123,349
-5,340
-10 ,524
48,328
166,815
94
166,909
Profit/loss for the period
-3,72 3
-3,7 2 3
6
-3 ,71 8
Translation differences
6 ,1 2 6
6 ,1 2 6
5
6 ,1 3 1
Tax on other comprehensive income
-416
-416
-416
Total comprehensive income
0
0
0
6 ,1 2 6
-4,139
1,986
11
1, 997
Dividends
0
-3 5
-35
Share-based incentive plan
277
277
277
Other changes
6
6
6
Equity at 31 Dec 2025
11 ,00 2
123,349
-5,340
-4,399
44,4 72
1 69,084
69
169, 153
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Financial Statements
Consolidated statement of cash flows, IFRS
EUR thousand
Note
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit before taxes
-3, 140
8, 152
Adjustments
Depreciation, amortisation and
impairment
48,0 6 7
51,023
Financial income and expenses, net
9,978
8,0 66
Other adjustments
497
-2,935
Cash flows before changes in working capital
55, 402
64,306
Change in working capital
Increase (-) / decrease (+) in trade and
other receivables
4.2
2 74
227
Increase (-) / decrease (+) in inventories
4.1
-6,503
-5,239
Increase (+) / decrease (-) in trade and
other payables
4.3
17 ,922
-7, 5 7 9
Cash flows from operating activities before
financial items and taxes
6 7, 0 9 6
51,715
Income taxes paid
-506
-4 ,7 75
Net cash from operating activities
66,590
46,940
EUR thousand
Note
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Cash flows from investing activities
Investments in tangible and intangible assets
3.2, 3.5
-21,704
-19 ,200
Acquisition of subsidiaries and business
acqusitions, net of cash acquired
3.1
-20 ,298
-19 , 404
Investments in associates
3.4
0
-1,993
Disposal of subsidiaries
0
52
Net cash from investing activities
-42,002
-40,545
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid
-35
-26
Proceeds from non-current loans
15,079
95,000
Repayments of non-current loans
0
-70 ,525
Issuance of commercial papers
5.2
4,957
-1,955
Repayments of lease liabilities
-31,7 73
-33, 157
Interest and other financial expenses paid
-10,66 1
-9 ,569
Interest and other finance income received
1, 468
2,7 71
Net cash flow from financing activities
-20 ,965
-17 ,460
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
3,622
-11 ,06 5
Cash and cash equivalents at start of period
5.1, 5.2
11,829
21,954
Foreign exchange differences and cash of
acquired subsidiary
792
940
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
1 6,243
11,829
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Financial Statements
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
Notes to Musti Group plc’s financial statements
1. BASIS OF PREPARATION
This section presents the accounting principles applied by the Group for the part that they are not
presented in other notes. These principles have been applied consistently for all the periods under
review, unless otherwise stated. The notes contain the relevant financial information as well as a
description of the accounting policies and key estimates and judgements applied for the topics of the
individual note.
How should I read the accounting principles of the Musti Group?
The accounting principles used for the financial statements of Musti Group are described at the
beginning of each note to help understand each area of the financial statements. The following table
summarizes the notes to each accounting policy and the relevant IFRS standard related to the note.
Accounting principle
Note
IFRS standard
Segment information and net sales
2.1 Segment information and net sales
IFRS 8, IFRS 15
Employee benefits and share-based 2.3 Operating expenses IAS 19, IFRS 2
payments 2.4 Share-based payments
Business combinations
3.1 Business combinations
Intangible assets
3.2 Intangible assets,
IAS 36, IAS 38
3.3 Group goodwill and impairment testing
Associated companies
3.4 Associated companies
IAS 28
Property, plant and equipment
3.5 Property, plant and equipment
IAS 16, IAS 36
Leases
3.6 Leases
IFRS 16
Inventories
4.1 Inventories
IAS 2
Financial assets and liabilities
5.2 Financial assets and liabilities
IAS 32, IFRS 7, IFRS 9, IFRS 13
Financial risk management
5.1 Financial risk management
IAS 32, IFRS 7, IFRS 9, IFRS 13
Operating leases
5.3 Commitments and contingent liabilities
IAS 37
Equity
5.6 Shareholders' equity
IAS 1
Related party transactions
6.1 Related party transactions
IAS 24
Taxes
6.2 Taxes
IAS 12
1.1 General information
Musti Group plcs line of business is retail sales of pet products in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Baltics and
Portugal. Furthermore, the Group provides pet wellbeing services as well as veterinary services. The
Groups parent company is Musti Group plc, domiciled in Helsinki, Finland, and its registered address is
Mäkitorpantie 3 B, FI-00620 Helsinki, Finland. The parent company’s shares are listed on Nasdaq OMX
Helsinki Stock Exchange. A copy of the consolidated financial statements is available at the Groups
website www.mustigroup.com or at the company’s headquarters Mäkitorpantie 3 B, FI-00620 Helsinki,
Finland. Musti Groups ultimate parent company is Efanor Investimentos, SGPS, S.E, registered in
Portugal.
The Board of Directors of Musti Group plc has approved the financial statements for publication on
30 March 2026. Under the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act, the shareholders may accept or
reject the financial statement in the shareholders’ Annual General Meeting held after the publication.
The Annual General Meeting is also entitled to amend the consolidated financial statements.
1.2 Accounting principles
These consolidated financial statements of Musti Group have been prepared on a going concern basis
for the financial year 2025 covering the period from 1 January to 31 December 2025. Musti Group’s
financial year was changed to calendar year during 2024, and therefore the comparison period covers
15 months. Financial year was from 1 October to 30 September prior to the change. Due to the extended
comparison period, the amounts presented in the financial statements are not entirely comparable.
Musti Groups consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adopted in the European Union, including IAS
and IFRS standards and their SIC and IFRIC interpretations in effect on 31 December 2025. In the
Finnish Accounting Act and ordinances based on its provisions, IFRS refer to the standards and their
interpretations adopted for application in the EU in accordance with the procedures as set in regulation
(EC) No 1606/2002. The notes to the consolidated financial statements also satisfy the requirements of
81
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
the Finnish accounting and corporate legislation that complements the IFRS standards.
Consolidated financial statements are presented in thousand euros and figures have been rounded
to the nearest thousand, and due to this, the total sum of the presented individual figures may differ
from the presented total sum. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared based on
initial acquisition costs, except for financial instruments described later that are measured at fair value
through profit and loss.
The company’s operating currency is euro, which is also the company’s and the Group’s reporting
currency.
Translation of items in foreign currencies
The items in the financial statements of the Group companies are valued in the currency of each
company’s main economical operating environment (operating currency). The figures presented in the
consolidated financial statements are in thousand euros, unless stated otherwise.
Transactions conducted in foreign currencies are converted to the operating currency using
exchange rates prevailing on the transaction date. Exchange rate gains and losses arising from
payments related to these transactions and conversion of monetary assets and liabilities nominated in
foreign currencies using the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the period are recognized through
profit and loss.
In the consolidated financial statements, the profit and loss statements of the foreign subsidiaries
have been converted into euros using the average rate of the financial year, and the balance sheet items
have been translated using the exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. The translation
differences arising from subsidiary net investments and non-current subsidiary loans without agreed
settlement dates are recognized through Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) to cumulative translation
adjustments under equity.
The estimates and determinations based on managements judgement are reviewed regularly.
Changes in accounting estimates are recognized for the period when the estimate was adjusted, as well
as for all subsequent periods.
Sources of uncertainty and determinations based on the management’s judgement, which have been
identified in the Group and are deemed to satisfy these criteria, are presented in connection with the
items that are deemed to be affected by them. The table below sets forth the most significant situations
where estimates or the managements judgement have been applied, as well as references to their
descriptions.
Accounting estimates and management judgement
Note
Net sales and contractual liabilities
2.1 and 4.3
Business combinations
3.1
Goodwill impairment
3.3
Inventory valuation
4.1
Leases
3.6
Share-based payments
2.4
Deferred taxes
6.2
1.3 Material accounting estimates and determinations based on the
management’s judgement
The Groups material accounting principles are mainly described in the note that relates to the matter in
question. Preparation of Musti Group’s consolidated financial statements require estimates, judgement
and assumptions that may impact the application of the accounting principles and the amounts
presented in the balance sheet as at its date. In addition, they impact on the amount of income and
costs recognized for the financial year. The actual amounts may differ from previous estimates and
determinations based on the managements judgement.
1.4 Group information
The following note summarizes the general accounting principles, as well as the principles and
accompanying notes relating to the consolidation of a group. The consolidation package includes notes
to help you understand the overall structure of the group and its computing environment. The notes
provide information on the classification of holdings and the principles of consolidation.
The table below sets forth details of the parent company and the Groups subsidiaries as of 31
December 2025. Unless stated otherwise, their entire share capital consists of shares held directly by
the Group, and the ownership share corresponds to the voting rights of the Group. The registration
country of the companies is also their main operating area.
Subsidiaries
Companies controlled by the Group are subsidiaries. Control exists when the Group has more than half
of the voting rights of a subsidiary or otherwise exerts control over the subsidiary. The Group controls
a company when it is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the company
and can affect those returns through its power over the company. Subsidiaries are consolidated from
the date on which the Group gains control .
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Mutual shareholding is eliminated by using the acquisition cost method. The cost of assets acquired
is determined based on the fair value of the acquired assets as at the acquisition date, the issued equity
instruments and liabilities resulting from or assumed on the date of the exchange transaction. The
identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired are measured at the fair value at the
acquisition date, gross of non-controlling interest.
Intragroup transactions, receivables and payables, unrealized profits and internal distributions of
profits are eliminated. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are adjusted to comply with the
accounting principles applied by the company, if necessary.
Financial year of the Group’s subsidiaries is calendar year except for the Baltic, Pet City companies
where the financial year for 2025 was 1 May 31 December 2025 due to timing of the acquisition.
Pet City companies have been consolidated as of December 2024. The financial years of the Baltic
subsidiaries were changed to align with the Group’s financial year, resulting in a shortened financial year
for 2025. Prior to the change, the financial years were 1 May 30 April.
Subsidiaries
Country of origin
Group ownership, %
Musti Group Nordic Oy
Finland
100.0
Musti ja Mirri Oy
Finland
100.0
Peten Koiratarvike Oy
Finland
100.0
Premium Pet Food Suomi Oy
Finland
100.0
Arken Zoo Syd AB
Sweden
100.0
Arken Zoo Holding AB
Sweden
100.0
Arken Zoo AB
Sweden
100.0
Zoo Support Scandinavia AB
Sweden
100.0
Djurfriskvård Falun AB
Sweden
70.0
Ninas Värld Arninge AB
Sweden
70.0
Musti Norge AS
Norway
100.0
Pet City OÜ
Estonia
100.0
Eesti Veterinaaria Kliinikum OÜ
Estonia
100.0
SIA Pet City
Latvia
100.0
UAB Pet City
Lithuania
100.0
UAB Pet City Klinika
Lithuania
100.0
Zu, Produtos e Serviços para Animais, S.A.
Portugal
100.0
1.5 New and amended IFRS standards and IFRIC interpretations
Amendments and annual improvements to IFRS standards
Musti Group has applied amendments and annual improvements to IFRS standards effective from the
beginning of January 2025. Amendments and annual improvements have not had a significant impact
on the financial statements.
The Group will apply the new or amended standards as they become effective. Musti Group
estimates that IFRS standards or IFRIC interpretations that are published at the time when these
financial statements have been prepared and will become effective in the future, will not have a material
impact on the Groups financial statements except for the new IFRS 18 standard which will be applied
for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027. The new standard focuses on presentation
and disclosure in financial statements, and it will replace IAS 1. IFRS 18 will have a material impact on
Musti Groups financial statements, because it will change the classification of the financial items on
the profit and loss statement which will impact the operating profit. The Company estimates that the
impact will not be material.
Associated companies
Associates are entities in which the Group has a significant influence but not control or joint control. A
holding of 20% or more of the voting power (directly or through subsidiaries) will indicate significant
influence unless it can be clearly demonstrated otherwise.
Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method, and on initial recognition, they
are recognized at cost. The cumulative post-acquisition movements are adjusted against the carrying
amount of the investment. The Groups share of profits or losses of the associate is recognized as a
separate item.
Musti Group has one associated company, a Norwegian veterinary service provider Petrus Veterinærer
AS, of which the Group holds 40% of the shares and voting rights. In addition, the Group has two seats in
the Board of Directors. Due to these factors, Musti’s influence in the company is significant.
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2. OPERATING RESULTS
This section focuses on financial results of Musti Group. In the notes on the following pages, the
operating profit of the group is explained by component.
Musti Group provides pet food products and accessories to its customers, as well as various welfare
and veterinary services in its specialised stores and pet clinics. Pet food products and accessories
are available in stores and online. Musti Groups chain included 497 stores on 31 December 2025 (31
December 2024: 416), of which own stores amounted to 495 (31 December 2024: 412).
Segments 2025
EUR thousand Finland Sweden Norway
New
markets
Group
functions Group
Net sales* 197,850 187,864 84,727 38,414 0 508,855
% split of net sales between segment 39% 37% 17% 8% 0% 100%
EBITDA 47,1 8 4 33,083 18,216 3,497 - 4 7,0 7 5 54,905
Adjustments 86 23 0 95 6,910 7,114
Adjusted EBITDA 47,270 33,1 06 18,216 3,592 -40,165 62,019
Depreciation and impairment of right-of
use assets and tangible assets -12,106 -13,016 -6,839 -4,756 -4,697 -41,413
EBITA 35,079 20,067 11,377 -1,259 -51,773 13,491
Adjustments 86 23 0 95 6,910 7,114
Adjusted EBITA 35,164 20,090 11,377 -1,163 -44,862 20,605
Amortization and impairment of
intangible assets -6,654
Operating profit 6,838
Financial income 9,584
Financial expenses -19,563
Profit before taxes -3,140
Income tax expense -577
Profit/loss for the period -3,718
*Net sales include sales of products and services to external customers. There are no internal net sales between the segments.
2.1 Segment reporting and net sales
Reporting segment
Musti Groups reporting segments are primarily based on geographical regions where Finland, Sweden and
Norway are separated to individual operating segments based on how the chief operating decision-maker
monitors the business operations. In addition, the management monitors new market areas separately, for
which the new operating and reporting segment, New Markets, was formed in the end of 2024. Currently
the segment comprises of the Baltic countries and Portugal. In other items, Musti Group reports the Group
functions, including the operations of the headquarters, the central warehouse and production.
Segment information is reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief
operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker is the Groups Management Team, including
the CEO. The Management Team is responsible for allocation of resources and reviewing performance,
considering its composition and active involvement in material strategic and operative decision-making. The
net sales of the reporting segments are derived from retail sales, as well as franchising sales and wholesales
in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Baltics and Portugal. Online sales of Vetzoo is reported fully under Sweden.
Country directors of the geographical regions are responsible for their business area, and they are
members of the Groups Management Team. Decisions on the offering, product pricing and marketing
measures are determined at the country level. The business needs vary among the countries, as their
maturity is very different. Finland is a very stable and mature market; Sweden is growing, and Norway is
still in growth phase, and as such, their investment needs and profitability differ significantly from each
other. Musti Group entered the Baltic markets in the late 2024 and in Portugal in the late 2025.
The Groups Management Team reviews the results of the segments based on net sales, adjusted
EBITDA and operating profit before amortisation of intangible assets (EBITA). Transactions outside
the scope of the ordinary course of business is treated as items impacting comparability, and they are
allocated to the segments. For other parts, the management monitors performance in accordance with
IFRS. Financial income and expenses are not allocated to the segments, as the Group Treasury manages
the Groups cash and cash equivalents and financial liabilities. Similarly, share of profits in associated
companies and income taxes are not allocated to the segments.
The Group does not allocate balance sheet items to the segments in the management reports, and as
such, they are not allocated to segments on this note.
The geographical distribution of the Group’s non-current assets:
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Finland
39,752
34,639
Sweden
50,593
44,043
Norway
8,736
8,603
Baltic countries
3,294
3,040
Portugal
6,218
-
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Segments 2024
New Group
EUR thousand
Finland
Sweden
Norway
markets
functions
Group
Net sales*
242,087
224,212
91,11 0
3,1 62
0
560,571
% split of net sales between segment
43%
40%
16%
1%
0%
100%
EBITDA
60,646
43,805
20,554
183
- 5 7,947
6 7, 2 41
Adjustments
539
182
79
0
13,588
14,388
Adjusted EBITDA
61,185
43,987
20,633
183
-44,359
81,629
Depreciation and impairment of right-of
use assets and tangible assets
-14,600
-14,935
-7,669
-376
-6,097
-43,676
EBITA
46,047
28,870
12,886
-193
-64,045
23,565
Adjustments
539
182
79
0
13,588
14,388
Adjusted EBITA
46,586
29,052
12,965
-193
-50,457
3 7,9 5 3
Amortization and impairment of
intangible assets
-7,347
Operating profit
16,218
Financial income
10,096
Financial expenses
-18,161
Profit before taxes
8,152
Income tax expense
-1,433
Profit/loss for the period
6,719
*Net sales include sales of products and services to external customers. There are no internal net sales between the segments.
to which the entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. IFRS 15 principles are applied
using the following five-step model:
1. Identify the contract with a customer
2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract
3. Determine the transaction price
4. Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
5. Recognise revenue
The standard requires the entity to exercise judgement when applying the five-step model to contracts with
its customers. When exercising judgement, material facts and circumstances used for determining if the
performance obligation has been satisfied and the revenue is to be recognized are taken into consideration.
Significant determinations based on the management’s judgement
Musti Groups management has applied significant judgement in connection with the right to return
products and the loyalty club bonuses. The amount of the consideration to which Musti Group expects
to be entitled may vary based on the above-mentioned sub-areas. These sub-areas, that are subject to
the management’s judgement, are addressed more in detail in the section for recognition below.
Sales of goods and revenue recognition (stores, online and franchising stores)
Majority of the Groups sales revenue originates from retail sales of goods in its stores. The goods sold
in the stores comprise pet food and accessories. The sales are mainly carried out in cash or using credits
cards, and the revenue from the sales of goods is recognized at the time of transfer when the customer
gains control of the goods.
Customers may also purchase gift cards and use them for paying goods in the stores. At the time of
selling a gift card, Musti Group recognizes a corresponding liability in its balance sheet. Sales revenue is
recognized when the customer uses the gift card.
Revenue from orders made online and sales to franchising partners is recognized when all products
related to the order have been delivered to the customer or the franchising partner, and control of the
goods is transferred to the buyer at a specific moment of time. A liability is recorded on the goods in transit
delivered from online stores. The provision on goods in transit is included in the contractual liabilities.
Revenue recognition
Accounting principles
IFRS 15 establishes a five-step model that is applied to the amount and timing of recognition of sales
revenue. Under the standard, revenue is recognized when the entity satisfies its performance obligation,
meaning that the customer obtains control of the goods or services. Control is transferred either over
time or at a certain moment, and the revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration
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Revenue from contract manufacturing of pet food is recognized at the time of transfer when the
customer gains control of the goods.
Net sales are measured at the fair value of the consideration received or to be received. Net sales
include proceeds from the sales of goods and franchising fees at the price which the company expect s
to receive adjusted with the indirect taxes, actual and estimated product returns, campaign discounts ,
Loyalty club bonuses and indirect taxes, as well as translation differences from sales in foreign
currencies.
Contingent considerations: right to return products
Goods sold directly to consumers in stores and online include a right to return products within a
period of 14 days in Finland and 30 days in Sweden and Norway. In the Baltic countries, the customers
have a right to return the purchases within 14 days. Net sales are adjusted by the expected number of
returns. For more information of the return policy, see Note 4.3 Trade and other liabilities. In addition, a
customer may receive a discount, for example, in the form of campaign discounts.
For the right to return products, Musti Group estimates the amount of the consideration that it is
entitled to receive against the transfer of promised goods to the customer.
Musti Group includes in the transaction price the estimated amount of the contingent consideratio n
only to the extent that it is very likely that the recognized sales revenue is not required to be reversed
significantly when the uncertainty related to the contingent consideration ceases to exist at a later
moment of time. Musti Group estimates the contingent consideration based on the most likely amoun t
of money.
Franchising fees
Musti Group carries out franchising operations in Sweden, the franchising fees are based on an upfro nt
fee and a fee based on the franchising stores net sales. Fees related to franchising agreements are
recognized over time.
Sales of services and revenue recognition
Musti Group provides welfare, veterinary and trimming services. A customer benefits from these
services when it is provided, and as such, the revenue is recognized over time when Musti Group
satisfies its performance obligation.
Net sales by channel
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
%
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
%
Store sales
383,904
75.4
413,169
73.7
Online sales
116,443
22.9
136,359
24.3
Other sales
8,508
1.7
11,044
2.0
Total
508,855
100.0
560,571
100.0
Sales of services are included in the retail store sales. The share of services in the net sales is not
significant, and as such, it is not presented separately. Other sales items include franchising fees and
wholesales. Musti Group does not have any individual customer with a share of over 10% of Musti
Groups total net sales.
Customer loyalty programs
The group companies operate loyalty programs where the members accrue bonuses from their
purchases made in the stores. The net sales of these companies are adjusted with the customer refunds
in the loyalty program as a part of the sales transaction. Simultaneously, accrued liability on bonus is
recognized on the balance sheet. Corresponding sales in recognized when the customer refunds are
used, or they expire. The expected refunds of the loyalty program bonuses are based on historical
information. Musti updates the estimate quarterly.
Contractual amounts recorded in balance sheet
The Group recognizes in trade receivables the expected considerations to which it is entitled when
goods are transferred, or services provided to a customer before the customer pays the consideration
(see Note 4.2 Trade and other receivables).
Correspondingly, a liability is presented in Note 4.3 Trade and other liabilities when a customer pays
the consideration before the goods are transferred or services provided to the customer. In addition,
the contractual liabilities include liabilities related to gift cards, Loyalty club bonuses, right to return
products and goods in transit.
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Employee benefit expenses
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Wages and salaries
81,891
81,252
Pension costs - defined contribution
plans
16,194
18,279
Share based payments
277
1,220
Other employee benefit expenses
5,570
4,019
Total
103,932
104,769
Other operating expenses
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Premises
12,893
13,704
Maintenance, IT and equipment
expense
16,456
10,790
Sales and marketing
21,815
24,547
Travel costs
2,252
2,468
Voluntary staff expenses
2,890
3,516
Other business expense*
14,443
25,769
Total
70,748
80,793
*Other expenses include, among other, expenses related to the administration and the support functions of the company.
Auditor´s fees
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Ernst &Young
Audit fees
394
505
Sustainability reporting assurance
69
0
Tax advisory
32
38
Other services
97
20
Total
591
563
2.2 Other operating income
Accounting principles
Other operating income includes income that does not relate to the income from regular sales
operations. Other operating income includes, among others, received marketing contributions and
subsidies, insurance compensations, capital gains on fixed assets and rental income.
Other operating income
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Rental income
442
775
Marketing contribution
4,476
4,454
Other received contribution
215
298
Other items
897
75
Total
6,030
5,602
2.3 Other operating expenses
Accounting principles
Other operating expenses include other expenses than cost of goods sold. The main items included in
the other operating expenses relate to personnel costs, sales, marketing and premises.
All Musti Groups pension plans are defined contribution plans. In defined contribution plans, the
Group pays fixed contributions to the pension insurances. The Group does not have legal or factual
obligations to pay any additional amounts, if the insurance does not include sufficient assets for paying
to all employees all benefits based on their service during the present and previous financial periods.
Number of personnel
Personnel*
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Personnel on average
2,575
1,761
Personnel at the end of period
2,595
2,178
*Full time equivalent
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2.4 Share-based payments
The Note below provides information and describes the impacts of the Groups share-based incentive
plan. More information on the plan can be found in the separate Remuneration report.
Accounting principles
The fair value of share-based payments is measured on the day which the share-based payment plan is
agreed upon between the counterparties and will be recognized as an expense over the vesting period.
The settlement, if the set targets are met, is a combination of shares and cash. The component settled
in shares is recognized in shareholders’ equity and the payment settled in cash in liabilities. However,
for awards with net settlement features, the cash-settled component for withholding tax payment is
treated as equity-settled and recognized in shareholders’ equity. At each statement of financial position
date, the Group revises its estimates of the number of shares that are expected to be distributed. The
impact of the revision of the original estimates, are recognized in the statement of income.
Significant determinations based on management’s judgement
At each balance sheet date, the management revises its estimates for the number of shares that
are expected to vest. As part of its evaluation, Musti Group considers the expected turnover of the
personnel benefiting from the incentive plan and other pertinent information impacting the number
of shares to be vested. In addition, the measurement of the fair value for the arrangement and the
parameters used in the measurement of the fair value requires judgement from the management.
Share-based commitment and incentive schemes
The Board of Directors of Musti Group plc decided on 16 December 2022 to launch a new share-based
incentive plan for Musti Groups key employee, the Performance Share Plan (PSP) 2023-2027.
The aim of a share-based compensation plan is to align the objectives of the shareholders and key
employees for increasing the value of the company in the long-term. The plan is also to commit the key
employees to the company and to offer them competitive incentive schemes that are based on earning
and accumulating shares.
Performance Share Plan 2023–2027
The Performance Share Plan 2023–2027 consists of three consecutive performance periods, covering the
financial years of 2023–2025, 2024–2026 and 2025–2027. The Board of Directors decides on the plans
performance criteria and targets to be set for each criterion at the beginning of each performance period.
The potential reward based on the plans will be paid party in the company’s shares and partly in cash
after the end of each performance period. The cash proportion is intended for covering taxes and tax-
related costs arising from the reward to a participant. However, the company has the right to pay the
reward fully in cash under certain circumstances.
The rewards to be paid based on the performance period 2023–2025 corresponded to the value of an
approximate maximum total of 171,000 Musti Group plc shares, including the proportion to be paid in cash.
In accordance with the decision of the Board of Directors of the Company, the rewards for the
performance period were paid fully in cash in the spring of 2024.The target group of the plan consisted
of 32 persons, including the group management team members. The reward was based on the company’s
adjusted EBITA and total shareholder return during financial year 2023. The total expense for the share-
based payments were recognized over the financial years 2023-2024.
For the performance period 2024-2026, the plan had 27 participants on 31 December 2025 and the
targets for the performance period relates to company´s total shareholder return (TSR) and adjusted
EBITA. The maximum number of shares to be paid based on the performance period 2024-2026 is
approximately 143,000 Musti Group plc´s shares. The number of shares represents gross earning,
from which the withholding of tax and possible other applicable contributions are deducted, and the
remaining net amount is paid in shares. However, the company has the right to pay the reward fully in
cash under certain circumstances. Potential rewards from the performance period 2024-2026 will be paid
out during winter of 2027.
The total expense for the share-based payments is recognized over the vesting period, which is 33
months in the 2024–2026 plan. The compensation is measured during performance period in cash, and
only after performance period at grant date translated into shares. The expense recognized for 2025
amounted to EUR 277 (2024: 1,071) thousand. The cost related to share-based payments is recognized
in personnel expenses. The share price at the grant date of the PSP was EUR 26.12. The fair value of the
share plan at the grant date was in total EUR 3.7 million. The fair value of the share plan was determined
from Musti Groups share price at the grant date less the present value of dividends expected to be paid
during the performance period. Performance conditions and service conditions were accounted for by
adjusting the number of instruments.
The Board of Directors has not made decisions on the performance criteria or the target group of the
performance period 2025-2027.
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Assumptions applied in determining the fair value of share award
Performance Performance
period FY2023-25 period FY2024-26
Number of share awards granted, maximum, pcs*
171,000
143,000
Number of plan participants at end of financial year
32
27
Share price at grant date, EUR
15.50
26.12
Assumed fulfilment of performance criteria, %
50.0%
50.0%
Estimated number of share awards returned prior
to the end of commitment period, %
10.0%
10.0%
*Gross number of shares from which the applicable withholding tax is deducted, and the remaining net amount is paid in shares.
3. CAPITAL EMPLOYED
This section describes assets that are needed in business operations, as well as business acquisition
carried out by Musti Group. Information on net working capital is presented in section 4.
3.1 Business combinations
Musti Group performs business acquisitions to accelerate the implementation of its strategy. During
2025 Musti Group acquired stores from its franchisees and independent entrepreneurs in Sweden as
asset deals. Acquisition of Pet City was finalised with the remaining cash payment made in March 2025.
In December 2025, Musti Group acquired 100% of the shares of ZU, Produtos e Serviços para Animais,
S.A., a retailer of pet food, accessories and vet services in Portugal.
Accounting principles
Acquired subsidiaries and businesses are consolidated in the consolidated financial statements from
the date when Musti Group gained control over the acquired entity. Acquisition cost method is applied
to the business combinations. The consideration transferred in the acquisition of a subsidiary includes
the fair value of the transferred assets, incurred liabilities towards the previous owners of the acquired
entity and the shares issued by the Group. Transferred consideration also includes the fair value of the
asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Identifiable assets acquired
and identifiable liabilities assumed in business combinations are initially valued at the fair value on the
acquisition date. The identifiable assets include both tangible and intangible assets, such as customer
relations, brands and technology.
Expenses related to the acquisitions are recognized when they incur, and they are presented in the
profit and loss statement in other operating expenses.
Accounting estimates and the management’s judgement
Net assets acquired in business combinations are measured at fair value. The fair value of acquired net
assets is determined based on the market value of similar assets (tangible fixed assets) or an estimate
of the expected cash flows (intangible assets). The valuation is based on the current repurchase
values, expected cash flows or estimated selling prices, and it requires managements judgement
and assumptions. The management believes that the estimates and assumptions used are sufficiently
reliable for determination of the fair value.
Acquisitions 1 Jan-31 Dec 2025
During the financial year 2025 Musti Group acquired five pet stores in Sweden as business acquisitions.
The total purchase price for the stores was approximately EUR 2.7 million and the resulting goodwill
EUR 2.6 million. Goodwill is based on synergies from the acquisitions. The acquisitions did not have a
material impact on groups net sales or result.
Musti acquired the shares of Pet City OÜ (including its subsidiaries Pet City UAB, Pet City SIA and
Pet City Klinika UAB) and Eesti Veterinaaria Kliinikum OÜ from Magnum Group for an Enterprise Value
(EV) of EUR 18.1 million, of which EUR 13.7 million was paid in cash at closing in November 2024. The
remaining amount EUR 4.5 million was also paid in cash during March 2025.
Musti Group acquired 100% of the shares of Zu, Produtos e Serviços para Animais, S.A. (“ZU”), a
retailer of pet food, accessories and vet services in Portugal, from MCRetail SGPS (“MC”). As MC is a
part of the Sonae Group, the acquisition is a related party transaction. The provisional purchase price
of the transaction amounted to EUR 12.9 million which was paid in cash at closing. The final purchase
price, EUR 13.5 million was agreed and the remaining purchase price, EUR 0.5 million, was paid in
January 2026.
ZU operates 65 retail stores of which 24 include veterinary clinics in Portugal. The aggregated
statutory turnover was EUR 31.9 million in FY 2024 (EUR 27.6 million in FY 2024) and the EBITDA (pre-
IFRS) was EUR 1.4 million (EUR 0.8 million in FY 2024). In 2025, ZU had assets amounting to 16.7 million
(EUR 13.7 million in FY 2024) and liabilities amounting to EUR 12.2 million (EUR 10.3 million in FY 2024).
ZU has a team of 350 employees supporting thousands of Pet Parents in Portugal.
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Preliminary purchase price allocation for the acquisition is presented below:
EUR thousand
ZU
Acquisition cost
Purchase price paid in cash
13,449
Fair value of net identifiable assets acquired
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
10,569
Trademarks
3,008
Other intangible assets
1,204
Deferred tax assets
66
Current assets
Inventories
2,493
Trade and other receivables
762
Cash and cash equivalents
551
Total assets
18,652
Non-current liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
779
Lease liabilities
4,243
Current liabilities
Lease liabilities
1,222
Trade and other payables
6,173
Total liabilities
12,417
Net assets acquired
6,236
Goodwill
7, 2 1 3
Cash flow impact
Purchase price paid in cash
-12,905
Cash and cash equivalents of the acquired company
551
Expenses related to the acquisition
-23
Impact on cash flows
-12,376
Acquisitions 1 Oct 2023-31 Dec 2024
During the financial year 2024 Musti Group acquired eight pet stores in Sweden as business
acquisitions. The total purchase price for the stores was approximately EUR 5.6 million and the resulting
goodwill EUR 5.5 million. In addition, Musti Group acquired a 70% share of a veterinary clinic Ninas
Värld Arninge AB in Sweden. Purchase price was EUR 0.2 million and the resulting goodwill was EUR 0.1
million. Goodwill is based on synergies from the acquisitions. The acquisitions did not have a material
impact on groups net sales or result. In December 2024, Musti acquired a 40% share of a veterinary
clinic Petrus Veterinærer AS in Norway amounting to EUR 2.0 million. The company is treated as an
associated company.
Musti acquired the shares of Pet City OÜ including its subsidiaries UAB Pet City, Pet City SIA and
UAB Pet City Klinika, and Eesti Veterinaaria Kliinikum OÜ from Magnum Group for an Enterprise Value
(EV) of EUR 18.0 million, of which EUR 13.7 million was paid in cash at closing. The remaining will be
settled in cash once the closing accounts have been approved by both buyer and the seller. Pet City
operates 46 retail stores and 16 veterinary clinics in the Baltic countries including an e-commerce
platform operating throughout the Baltic region. The store network consists of 25 stores in Estonia, 13
in Latvia and 8 in Lithuania. On the veterinary clinic side, there are 8 clinics in Estonia, 4 in Latvia and 4
in Lithuania. The aggregated turnover of the acquired operations was EUR 31.5 million in FY 2023 (EUR
28.6 million in FY 2022) and the EBITDA EUR -1.1 million (EUR -0.7 million in FY 2022). In FY 2023 Pet City
had assets amounting 8.7 million (EUR 8.9 million in FY 2022) and liabilities amounting EUR 23.7 million
(EUR 21.3 million in FY 2022).
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
EUR thousand
Pet City
Acquisition cost
Purchase price paid in cash
18,136
Fair value of net identifiable assets acquired
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
17,602
Trademarks
1,750
Other intangible assets
508
Deferred tax assets
142
Current assets
Inventories
2,975
Trade and other receivables
640
Cash and cash equivalents
731
Total assets
24,347
Non-current liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
329
Lease liabilities
12,045
Current liabilities
Lease liabilities
2,988
Trade and other payables
5,337
Total liabilities
20,699
Net assets acquired
3,649
Goodwill
14,487
Cash flow impact
Purchase price paid in cash
-18,136
Cash and cash equivalents of the acquired company
731
Expenses related to the acquisition
-385
Impact on cash flows
-1 7,790
3.2 Intangible assets
The tables below set forth the changes in intangible assets during the financial years covered by the
financial statements.
Accounting principles
Goodwill
Goodwill arises from the acquisition of subsidiaries, and it corresponds to the amount that the
acquisition consideration exceeds the fair value of identifiable net assets.
Goodwill acquired in business combinations is allocated for impairment testing to the cash
generating units that are expected to gain benefit from the synergies created by the combination.
Goodwill is allocated to the unit at the company’s lowest level where the goodwill is monitored
internally for the management purposes.
Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate to a possible impairment. The carrying amount of the cash-generating unit including goodw il l
is compared to the recoverable amount that is higher of the value in use or the fair value net of sellin g
expenses. Possible impairment is recognized as an expense with immediate effect, and it will not be
reversed later.
Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets include developments costs related to webstores, software and information
technology, as well as licenses and customer relations. Intangible assets are recorded in the balance
sheet when the accounting requirements of IAS 38 standard are satisfied. Intangible assets with a
limited useful life are valued in the original acquisition cost and they are amortised with the straight-
line method over their estimated useful life. Intangible assets are amortised over 3-10 years. Intangib le
assets with indefinite useful life are not amortised but tested annually for impairment. Except for
goodwill, Musti Group does not have intangible assets with indefinite useful life.
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3.3 Goodwill and impairment testing
Accounting estimates and determinations based on the management’s judgement
The management uses significant estimates and determinations based on judgement for deciding the
level where goodwill is allocated, as well as for determining whether there are indications of impairment
of goodwill.
The recoverable amount of a cash generating unit is determined based on value-in-use calculations
requiring estimates. The calculations use cash flow projections based on budgets and financial
estimates approved by management covering a five-year period. Cash flow forecasts are based on the
Groups actual results and the managements best estimates on future sales, cost development, general
market conditions and applicable tax rates. Cash flows beyond the five-year period are extrapolated
using the estimated growth rates. The growth rates are based on the managements prudent estimates
on future growth in the business. Management tests the impacts of changes in significant estimates
used in forecasts by sensitivity analyses as described in this Note.
To carry out impairment testing, the management monitors goodwill at the level of Finland, Sweden,
Norway and Baltics which are considered as the cash generating units (CGU). The CGU level is based on
how the management follows the operative business. The recoverable amounts of the cash generating
units are based on value in-use determined by discounted future net cash flows by the CGU.
The table below sets forth the allocation of consolidated goodwill to the Groups cash generating units:
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Finland
99,136
100,542
Sweden
82,985
74,415
Norway
5,336
5,358
Baltics
14,741
14,842
Portugal
8,402
Total
210,600
195,157
Key assumptions in the projections are the development of net sales and costs, the discount rate, as well as
the terminal growth rate after the five-year forecast period. The projections have been prepared to reflect the
past performance and expectations for the future considering the Groups market position and the general
Other
Development intangible Advance
EUR thousand
expenditure
Goodwill
assets
payments
Total
2025
Cost 1 Jan 2025
124
195,024
62,326
1,957
259,431
Business combinations
1,189
3,091
4,280
Additions
9,755
9,088
-542
18,301
Disposals and closing of stores
-12
-12
Exchange differences
4,786
860
8
5,654
Cost 31 Dec 2025
124
210,755
75,353
1,423
287,655
Accumulated amortization and
impairment at 1 Jan 2025
-67
133
-44,111
-44,045
Amortization
-38
-6,662
-6,700
Exchange differences
-288
-754
-1,042
Accumulated amortization and
impairment at 31 Dec 2025
-106
-154
-51,526
-51,786
Net book value at 1 Jan 2025
57
195,158
18,215
1,957
215,387
Net book value at 31 Dec 2025
19
210,600
23,827
1,423
235,869
2024
Cost 1 Oct 2023
124
174,210
53,028
2,058
229,420
Business combinations
254
1,753
2,007
Additions
20,344
7,519
-105
27,758
Exchange differences
216
26
4
246
Cost 31 Dec 2024
124
195,024
62,326
1,957
259,431
Accumulated amortization and
impairment at 1 Oct 2023
-19
164
-36,778
-36,633
Amortization
-48
-7,284
-7,332
Exchange differences
-31
-48
-79
Accumulated amortization and
impairment at 31 Dec 2024
-67
133
-44,111
-44,045
Net book value at 1 Oct 2023
105
174,375
16,249
2,058
192,787
Net book value at 31 Dec 2024
57
195,158
18,215
1,957
215,387
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
economic environment. Cash flows beyond the five-year period are extrapolated using the terminal growth
rate of 3% (2%) which management has estimated based on external market forecasts. The discount rate used
is weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The discount rate reflects the total cost of equity and debt, and
CGU-specific market risks. Discount rate applied in Finland was 7.9% (2024: 9.2%), in Sweden 7.4% (2024:
8.7%), in Norway 7.6% (2024: 8.7%) 8.7% (2024: 9.7%) in the Baltics, and 9.1% in Portugal. In determining the
discount rate, the management has assessed the size premium based on recent research and market practice,
and decided to remove the size premium and update the rates accordingly compared to the previous year.
As a result of the impairment tests performed, no impairment loss was recognized for any period
presented. In 2025 the recoverable amount calculated on the basis on value-in use exceeded the
carrying value by EUR 402.0 million in Finland, EUR 386.6 million in Sweden, EUR 334.4 million in
Norway, EUR 40.1 million in the Baltics, and EUR 34.1 in Portugal (2024: EUR 234.2 million in Finland, EUR
83.0 million in Sweden, EUR 121.1 million in Norway and EUR 2.1 million in the Baltics).
Sensitivity analysis
The management has estimated that unlikely that a somewhat possible change in key assumptions
will cause the carrying amount of any CGU to exceed its recoverable amount. The key assumptions
are based on past experience and they reflect the management’s perception of developments of cost
and net sales. The average revenue growth used for the forecast period has been 12.0%. The long-term
EBITDA margin assumption used for the impairment testing is based on past experience of EBITDA
margins and it reflects the managements of development in sales prices and sales volumes during the
forecast period.
3.4 Associated companies
Companies where the Group has a significant influence, to participate in the financial and operating
policy decisions but not control or joint control them, are treated as associated companies. The Group
has one associated company, a Norwegian veterinary service provider Petrus Veterinærer AS, of which
the Groups share of the voting rights and shares is 40%.
The investment made in Petrus Veterinærer AS was accounted for using the equity method and it
was recognized at cost including translation difference arising from the translation of the investment
to euros. Post-acquisition movements are adjusted against the carrying amount of the investment. In
addition, the Groups share of profits or losses of the associated company is recognized as a separate
item on the consolidated statement of income. The Group did not recognize any share of profits or
losses of the associated company in the comparison period since the acquisition took place close to the
end of the financial year in December 2024.
Summarized financial information in respect of the associated company is set out in the following table:
Summarized balance sheet
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
Total non-current assets
392
Current assets
Cash
1,503
Other current assets
170
Total current assets
1,673
Total assets
2,065
Non-current liabilities
Financial liabilities
109
Total non-current liabilities
109
Current liabilities
Financial liabilities
76
Other liabilities
261
Total current liabilities
338
Total liabilities
447
Equity
1,618
Groups share of equity
647
Summarised statement of profit or loss
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
Net sales
1,282
Cost of sales
-233
Personnel and other operating expenses
-1 510
Depreciation and amortisation
-77
Financial income and expenses
-12
Result for the year
-550
Groups share of the result
-220
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Changes in the carrying amount of the associated company
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
Book value at the beginning of the financial year
1,967
Additions
0
Share of result
-220
Translation differences
-6
Book value at the end of the financial year
1,741
3.5 Property, plant and equipment
The tables below set forth changes in property, plant and equipment during the financial years covered
by the financial statements.
Musti Groups land, buildings and structures consist of pet food production facilities. Machinery
and equipment mainly comprise store and office equipment. Other tangible assets mainly include
refurbishment costs of leased premises. The right-of-use items, based on lease agreements and
recognized in compliance with IFRS 16, are included in the tangible assets in the balance sheet. The
right-of-use items and the applied accounting principles are presented in the Note 3.6 Leases.
Accounting principles
Property, plant and equipment are presented at acquisition cost less depreciation and potential
impairment losses. Subsequent costs are included in the carrying amount when they can be measured
reliably, and there is an economic benefit to the company.
Significant leasehold improvements are included in the assets carrying amount or are separated as
a separate asset when it is probable that they will be economically useful in the future and the costs
incurred can be distinguished from normal repair and maintenance costs.
Buildings and structures, machinery and equipment as well as other tangible assets are depreciated
over their useful lives. Useful lives are based on estimates of the period over which the assets will
generate revenue. Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis based on the cost of the assets
and estimated useful lives. Impairment tests for depreciable non-current assets are performed if there
are indications of impairment at the balance sheet date. Depreciation is not recognized on land, except
for leased land, as the useful life is considered indefinite.
Useful lives of the asset’s categories are:
• Buildings and structures 30 years
• Machinery and equipment 3-7 years
• Right-of-use assets (IFRS 16 Leases) 3-15 years
• Renewal and refurbishment investments in lease premises 5-10 years
The Group estimates on each balance sheet date, if there is any indication that an asset may be
impaired. If such indication exists, the relevant asset is tested for impairment. The impairment test
estimates the assets recoverable amount.
The recoverable amount is higher of an asset’s fair value after selling costs and its value in use. If the
recoverable amount cannot be determined on the asset level, the need for impairment is estimated at
the level of the smallest cash generating unit that is for its main parts independent from other units and
has cash flows that can be separated from the cash flows of other similar units.
Machinery Other
Buildings and and tangible Advance
EUR thousand
Land
structures equipment assets
payments
Total
2025
Cost 1 Jan 2025
292
6,183
31,458
31,200
1,720
70,852
Business combinations
9,773
15
9,788
Additions
2
3,815
8,687
726
13,230
Disposals
-7
-4
-11
Exchange differences
439
872
44
1,355
Cost 31 Dec 2025
292
6,185
45,478
40,759
2,501
95,215
Accumulated depreciation at
1 Jan 2025
0
-408
-19,976
-18,069
0
-38,453
Depreciation
-221
-8,420
-5,324
-13,965
Impairment
-19
-51
-69
Exchange differences
-378
-490
-868
Accumulated depreciation at
31 Dec 2025
0
-629
-28,792
-23,934
0
-53,355
Net book value at 1 Jan 2025
292
5,775
11,482
13,131
1,720
32,400
Net book value at 31 Dec 2025
292
5,556
16,685
16,825
2,501
41,860
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Machinery Other
Buildings and and tangible Advance
EUR thousand
Land
structures equipment assets
payments
Total
2024
Cost 1 Oct 2023
192
6,150
26,151
24,208
265
56,967
Business combinations
483
2,087
251
2,820
Additions
100
32
4,822
5,223
1,204
11,382
Exchange differences
3
-318
-1
-316
Cost 31 Dec 2024
292
6,183
31,458
31,200
1,720
70,852
Accumulated depreciation at
1 Oct 2023
0
-131
-16,193
-13,073
0
-29,398
Depreciation
-276
-3,787
-5,169
-9,232
Impairment
-4
-1
-5
Exchange differences
8
173
181
Accumulated depreciation at
31 Dec 2024
0
-408
-19,976
-18,069
0
-38,453
Net book value at 1 Oct 2023
192
6,019
9,958
11,135
265
27,570
Net book value at 31 Dec 2024
292
5,775
11,482
13,131
1,720
32,400
Accounting principles
Right-of-use assets
Musti Group recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the date when the agreement comes
into effect, excluding short-term lease agreements and leases of low value assets (see the next page).
The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, and it includes the initial valuation of the lease
liability, the lease amounts paid by the date when the agreement comes into effect net of any incentives
received in connection with the lease agreement, any initial direct costs incurred to Musti Group
and an estimate on costs that will incur to Musti Group from reversal and removal of the asset or the
remediation of the premises to the condition defined in the lease agreement.
Lease liability
Musti Group determines the value of the lease liability on the date when the lease agreement comes
into effect. The value of the lease liability includes payments that have not been paid on the date when
the lease agreement comes into effect, including fixed payments, variable rents linked to an index or a
price level, execution price of an call option, if it is reasonably certain that Musti Group will exercise the
option, and payment of sanctions resulting from termination of the lease, if the term of the lease takes
into account that Musti Group will exercise the option to terminate the lease.
Musti Group uses the minimum rents specified in the lease agreement for estimating the fixed
payments. The non-lease components are separated from the lease payments when they can be
determined reliably. Musti Group also has lease agreements that include variable payments determined
based on net sales. Only minimum payments have been included in the lease liability for such
agreements, and variable payments based on the net sales are measured as a cost in the profit and loss
statement for the period when they incur.
Lease liability is remeasured when the lease term or lease payments are amended. Musti Group uses
the interest rate for additional loans for determining the interest rate of the lease liability, as no internal
interest rates for the lease agreements are available.
3.6 Leases
The Group has leased store premises and office and warehouse spaces with lease agreements that are
included in the scope of IFRS 16 Leases. In addition, the Group has leased parking spaces, vehicles,
IT and other equipment and advertising spaces. The right-of-use asset classified as land and water
consists of lease agreement for the land of the acquired pet food factory. The lease agreements have
a fixed term, or they can be terminated with a notice. The Group does not have service agreements
containing commodities that should be recognized as right-of-use assets under IFRS 16.
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Short-term agreements and leases of low value assets
Musti Group recognizes in its profit and loss statement any lease payments on short-term leases with
a term of 12 months or less, as well as on lease agreements where leased asset is of low value. Leases
for low value assets are agreements where the leased asset would cost less than EUR 5,000 if it were
purchased as new. The expenses from such agreements are presented in this Note below.
Sublease agreements
Musti Group has subleased intra-group commodities relating to store premises and fixtures. They have
no impact on the consolidated figures.
Accounting estimates and management judgment
The management uses judgement for estimating the term of lease agreements with an option for
extension, termination or acquisition. When Musti Group is reasonably certain that the option for
extension, termination or acquisition will be exercised, the option is considered in the determination
of the lease period. If the exercise of the option is uncertain, the option is not included in the
determination of the lease term, right-of-use asset or lease liability.
The management uses judgement for estimating the term of lease agreements in effect until further
notice. The managements estimates are based on the company’s strategic situation and market
conditions, as well the costs that would incur if the leased commodity would be replaced by another
commodity.
Determination of the interest rate for additional credit also requires managements judgement. The
interest rate for additional credit is determined based on the Groups financing agreements considering
the fluctuation of risk-free interest in each country. The company applies single discounting rate for the
portfolio comprising lease agreements with similar characteristics.
The tables set forth the amounts of right-of-use assets in the balance sheet and their impact on the
profit and loss statement.
Right-of-use assets
Machinery
Land and Buildings and and
EUR thousand water structures
equipment
Total
2025
Net book value at 1 Jan 2025
174
89,533
823
90,529
New contracts
256
9,656
1,704
11,616
Acquisitions through business combinations
0
5,364
100
5,464
Terminated contracts
0
-864
-141
-1,005
Revaluations and modifications
18
18,323
-33
18,309
Exchange rate differences
0
2,104
38
2,142
Depreciation
-10
-31,522
-624
-32,156
Net book value at 31 Dec 2025
439
92,593
1,867
94,899
Machinery
Land and Buildings and and
EUR thousand water structures
equipment
Total
2024
Net book value at 1 Oct 2023
179
74,550
1,043
75,771
New contracts
0
6,525
372
6,897
Acquisitions through business combinations
0
14,942
91
15,033
Terminated contracts
0
-810
-252
-1,062
Revaluations and modifications
0
28,828
157
28,985
Exchange rate differences
0
-465
4
-461
Depreciation
-5
-34,037
-592
-34,634
Net book value at 31 Dec 2024
174
89,533
823
90,529
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Lease liability
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Lease liability at the beginning
95,595
79,825
Net increases
36,686
49,173
Rent expenses
-35,715
-37,080
Interest expense
3,943
3,676
Lease liability at the end
100,510
95,595
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Non-current lease liability
69,337
66,889
Current lease liability
31,173
28,706
Total
100,510
95,595
The maturity distribution of lease liabilities is presented in Note 5.1 Financial risk management.
Lease contracts in the income statement
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Expenses from short-term rental agreements, leasing
agreements with minor value and variable rental
costs, that are not included in the lease liability
-599
-1,127
Depreciation of right of use assets
-32,151
-34,454
Interest expenses from lease liability*
-3,943
-3,676
Total
-36,693
-39,257
*Included in the Note for financial expenses, see Note 5.4 Financial income and expenses.
Repayments of lease liabilities in the financing cash flow amounted to EUR 31,773 (33,157) thousand.
The weighted average interest used in the calculation of interest expenses was 3.9% (3.8%).
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MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
4. NET WORKING CAPITAL
This section describes the items included in the net working capital. Net working capital comprises
inventory, trade and other receivables, as well as trade and other payables.
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Net working capital
Inventories
7 7,81 7
66,455
Trade and other receivables
15,432
Trade and other payables
-90,997
-68,153
Excluding financial items in other liabilities
546
466
Total
2,797
13,472
Change of net working capital in the balance sheet
10,675
-5 024
Items that are not included in the change of net
working capital as presented in the cash flow
statement, with their impact included elsewhere
in the cash flow statement*
1,018
-7 567
Change of net working capital in the
cash flow statement**
11,694
-12 591
*The major items are related to business combinations.
**An increase in the net working capital decreases the cash flow, and a decrease in the net working capital increases the cash flow.
Accounting principles
Musti Groups inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Net realisable
value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less direct costs necessary to
make the sale.
The acquisition cost of inventory is determined using the FIFO method. The acquisition cost comprises
all costs incurred from delivering the inventory to the location and condition at time of the review.
Inventory is recognized as a cost for the same period when the corresponding sales is recognized.
Impairment and obsolescence of inventory are recorded as costs at the time they incur. In addition,
Musti Group records continuously a provision for losses on the inventory.
A possible reversal of a write-down is recognized in the period in which the change in value is
recognized.
Accounting estimates
The Group regularly reviews inventories for obsolescence and turnover, and for possible reduction of
net realizable value below cost and records an impairment as necessary.y.
Inventories
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Finished goods
77,565
66,112
Advance payments
252
343
Total
7 7, 8 1 7
66,455
Inventories recognised as expenses, for which the
carrying amount of inventories was reduced to the
net relisable value
3,775
4,725
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
The amount of inventories recognized as an
expense during the period
233,315
330,378
4.1 Inventories
The Groups inventory mainly consists of purchased pet food and other products. The Groups
production activities are carried out at the wholly owned pet food factory Premium Pet Food Suomi Oy
in Lieto, Finland. At the end of the financial year, the inventory of the factory amounted to EUR 4.1 (2.3)
million. Consolidated inventories of Pet City amounted to EUR 3.9 (3.7) million and ZU, EUR 3.0 million
at the year-end.
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4.2 Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables comprise trade receivables, other receivables (mainly Value Added Tax
receivables) and deferred receivables. Income tax receivables are presented as a separate item in the
balance sheet.
Payment terms of trade receivables vary according to the customer type and credit rating. In the
online stores, the customers pay their purchases in advance. Impairment of trade and other receivables,
as well as the Groups exposure to credit risk are described in the Note 5.1.
Accounting principles
Trade receivables are receivables resulting from selling products or providing services to customers
in the ordinary course of business. Receivables that are expected to be paid within one year from the
end of the financial year are classified as current assets. Otherwise, they are presented as non-current
assets. Trade receivables usually fall due within 14 or 30 days, and as such, all of them are classified as
current assets. Note 5.1 describes principles applied to impairment of trade and other receivables, as
well as other accounting principles applied to them.
Other receivables mainly comprise prepayments and accrued income generated in the ordinary
course of the Groups business.
The Groups receivables are financial assets not included in the derivatives with fixed or determined
payments that are not quoted on active markets. They are included in the current assets, except for
items maturing over 12 months after the end of the reporting period. Group’s receivables consist of
Trade and other receivables’ and ‘Cash and cash equivalents.
The table below set forth the items included in the trade and other receivables:
Trade and other receivables
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Trade receivables*
7,745
5,723
Prepayments and accrued income
4,835
3,815
Other receivables
2,851
5,167
Total
15,432
14,705
*Credit card receivables are included in the trade receivables.
4.3 Trade and other payables
Accounting principles
Trade payables are payment obligations towards suppliers and service providers arising from products
and services acquired in the ordinary course of business. Trade payables are classified as current liabilities
if they fall due for payment within one year from the balance sheet date. Trade payables are initially
measured at fair value, and subsequently at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. Trade
and other payables are classified as other financial liabilities and measured at amortized cost.
Customers are entitled to return their purchases within 14 days in Finland and Baltics, and within 30
days in Sweden and Norway. For products sold, that have a repayment period at the end of the financial
year, an obligation is recorded as a corresponding contractual liability. Contractual liability includes all
costs incurred in settling an existing obligation. The management estimates the amount of this liability
based on previous claims and any recent developments indicating that the number of claims may differ
from the previous claims in the future. For online sales, products in transit result in a contractual liability.
Accounting estimates
Determination of the liability resulting from the right to return products involves uncertainty, as
the actual amount of returned goods may differ from the estimates. Estimates and assumptions are
reviewed quarterly. Differences between estimated and actual product returns may impact the amount
of future contractual liabilities recorded, in accrued expenses.
Of the trade receivables, a total of EUR 282 thousand has been recognized as a credit loss in the
statement of profit and loss in 2025. During 2024, the recognized credit loss in the statement of profit
and loss was EUR 35 thousand.
The credit loss risk is described in more detail in the Note 5.1 Financial risk management.
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The tables below set forth items included in trade and other payables:
Trade and other payables
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Trade payables
50,236
31,300
Advances received
601
612
Other liabilities
15,910
13,317
Accrued expenses
24,251
22,925
Total
90,997
68,153
Material items included in accrued expenses
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Personnel related costs
16,653
13,984
Accrued interests
546
466
Other items
7,051
8,475
Tot al
24,251
22,925
Material items included in other liabilities
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
VAT liabilities
9,732
8,234
Payroll taxes
3,695
3,029
Loyalty program
2,437
2,016
Other items
46
37
Tot al
15,910
13,317
Trade and other payables comprise trade payables, other payables, advance payments, and accrued
expenses incurring in the ordinary course of business of the Group.
Contractual liabilities comprise rights to return products, as well as products in transit.
The valuation and revenue recognition of the loyalty program requires management’s judgment,
particularly in determining the fair value of bonuses and the expiration of bonuses. The bonus liability
consists of bonuses or stamp card discounts accrued to the loyal customer account (see Note 2.1
Segment reporting and net sales) less the estimated expiration date of the bonuses or discounts based
on historical information.
5. CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
This Note describes Musti Groups exposure to financial risks, how these risks may impact Musti
Groups financial results and how the management identifies and mitigates exposures.
5.1 Financial risk management
The purpose of the risk management is to ensure access to cost efficient funding and to decrease the
negative impacts on the Groups profit and balance sheet caused by financial markets.
The financial risk management of the Group is governed by the Treasury Policy. The Chief Financial
Officer presents the policy to the Board of Directors for approval. The implementation of the policy
including funding, identification of exposures and hedging is delegated to the Group Treasurer.
Foreign exchange rate risk
Foreign exchange risk is defined as the uncertainty in cash flows, equity and financial performance
arising from currency exchange rate volatility.
The Group is subject to foreign exchange rate risk arising from subsidiary financing, commercial cash
flows and intra-group invoicing. The Groups most significant transaction currency risks arise from the
Swedish Krona (SEK), Norwegian Krone (NOK), the US dollar (USD) and the British Pound (GBP).
Transaction risk
Transaction risk arises from commercial cashflows in foreign denominated currency (purchases and sales)
and balance sheet items in foreign denominated currency (such as loans, deposits, and interest flows).
Forecasted commercial cash flows are hedged up to 12 months in advance. Finnish and Swedish
subsidiaries have hedged forecasted USD and GBP outflows using currency derivative agreements.
Additionally, sales denominated in NOK and purchases in EUR have been hedged in one of the Swedish
subsidiaries.
Intra-group funding is granted in local currency of the subsidiary and is fully hedged with currency
forward agreements excluding loans classified as net investments in foreign subsidiaries.
The foreign currency positions (in euros) of the segments at the end of the financial year are
represented in the tables below. New Markets segment did not have any foreign currency positions at
the year-end.
100
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Norway
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
EUR
SEK
USD
GBP
Trade payables
-74
-8
Cash and cash equivalents
-65
-18
Position, total
-139
-26
0
0
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
EUR
SEK
USD
GBP
Trade payables
-338
-3
Position, total
-338
-3
0
0
*The Group has entered into foreign exchange derivative agreements to hedge forecasted cashflows in SEK (vs EUR), NOK, USD and GBP.
This segment level currency exposure is the basis for the sensitivity analysis of foreign exchange risk.
Assuming local currency to appreciate 10% against all other currencies, the impact would be:
Finland
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
SEK
NOK
USD
GBP
EUR +10%
17
-5
-82
-47
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
SEK
NOK
USD
GBP
EUR +10%
92
1
-90
-121
Sweden
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
SEK
NOK
USD
GBP
SEK +10%
-482
1 957
-963
-113
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
SEK
NOK
USD
GBP
SEK +10%
-347
2,094
-1,329
-108
Finland
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
SEK
NOK
USD
GBP
Trade payables
-187
-3
-200
-323
Cash and cash equivalents
19
54
58
45
Derivative financial instruments*
962
745
Position, total
-168
50
820
468
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
SEK
NOK
USD
GBP
Trade payables
24
-204
-223
Interest-bearing liabilities
-8,727
Cash and cash equivalents
-949
-12
31
6
Derivative financial instruments*
8,729
1,072
1,424
Position, total
-922
-12
899
1,207
Sweden
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
EUR
NOK
USD
GBP
Trade payables
-13,900
-59
-1,245
-421
Trade receivables
1,229
60
6
Cash and cash equivalents
95
17
2
103
Derivative financial instruments*
17,400
-19,590
10,868
1,450
Position, total
4,824
-19,571
9,632
1,132
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
EUR
NOK
USD
GBP
Trade payables
-9,226
-9
-710
-231
Trade receivables
389
56
9
Cash and cash equivalents
-40
35
19
41
Derivative financial instruments*
12,350
-21,026
13,972
1,266
Position, total
3,473
-20,944
13,290
1,076
101
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Norway
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
EUR
SEK
USD
GBP
NOK +10%
14
3
0
0
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
EUR
SEK
USD
GBP
NOK +10%
34
0
0
0
Assuming local currency to depreciate 10% against all other currencies, the impact would be the same
magnitude but opposite. The sensitivity analysis as required by IFRS 7, includes financial instruments,
such as trade and other receivables, trade and other payables, interest-bearing liabilities, deposits, non-
current receivables, cash and cash equivalents and derivative financial instruments.
The following items related to exchange rates were recognized for the period through profit and loss:
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Items recognised through profit and loss
Net exchange rate gains/losses included in the
financial income/expenses
-1,693
345
Exchange rate gains/losses recognised in the result
for the period, total (net)
-1,693
345
Translation risk
Translation risk arises when the currency denominated income and balance sheet items of group
companies located outside the euro area are consolidated into euro. The most significant translation
risk currencies are the Swedish krona (SEK) and the Norwegian krone (NOK). As of 31 December 2025,
the total non-EUR denominated equity, goodwill and fair value step up of the subsidiaries was EUR 118.8
(110.2) million. In addition, the group had intra-group loans classified as net investments amounting to
EUR 40.6 (38.5) million.
Musti Group is currently not hedging any translation exposure.
Interest rate risk
Changes in interest rates impact the average interest rate of the Groups loan portfolio, financial
expenditure and hence the profitability of the group. The Group is currently hedging interest rate risk
using interest rate derivatives.
At the end of the financial year 2025, interest-bearing financial assets were EUR 0 (0) thousand
and interest-bearing liabilities EUR 227 (200) million. 74% (77%) of the interest-bearing liabilities are
denominated in euros. For all interest-bearing liabilities, the ratio of fixed rate paying liabilities in
relation to all interest-bearing liabilities was 70% (65%). Excluding leasing agreements, the ratio of fixed
rate paying liabilities was 45% (33%).
Sensitivity of interest expenses has been calculated by assuming a one-off, +1% (100 basis points)
increase in the interest rates of interest-bearing financial liabilities and assuming no change in the net
debt during the year. The calculated impact on the company’s interest expenses is EUR 0.5 (0.5) million.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial
instrument fail to meet its contractual obligations. The Groups credit risks arise principally from trade
receivables and the market value of financial derivatives. The Groups customer base is very diversified,
and the Group does not have significant credit risk concentrations related to trade receivables.
The Group companies analyse solvency of new invoicing customers locally. Payment methods
mitigating credit risk, such as advance payments, are applied to customers with high risk. The maximum
exposure to credit risk corresponds to the book values of the financial assets presented below.
The procedure under IFRS 9 is applied for credit loss provisions where the amount of the provision
corresponds to the expected credit losses over the whole lifetime of the receivable. Credit loss provision
on the expected credit losses are recognized based on the customers’ payment history and expectations
on the credit losses. The Groups trade receivables have short maturities, and the time value of the money
does not have significant impact when estimating the amount expected of credit losses.
Counterparty risk relating to financial assets and derivatives is mitigated by diversification of
exposures between pre-approved, high creditworthy counterparties. ISDA Master agreements have
been signed with counterparties when transacting in derivative agreements. The Chief Financial Officer
and the Group Treasurer review annually the creditworthiness of financial counterparties using a
framework considering credit rating (Moody’s, S&P) and sustainability rating (Sustainalytics ESG).
102
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EUR thousand
Expected credit loss rate
Trade receivables (gross)
Deduction related to losses
Trade receivables (net)
The table below sets forth the maturity distribution of
receivables and provisions for impairment based on
credit risk estimates.
%
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Unmatured
0,5 %
3,912
2,791
18
14
3,895
2,777
1-30 days
1 %
564
400
6
4
558
396
31-60 days
5 %
29
81
1
4
28
77
61-180 days
10 %
134
55
13
5
121
49
180-360 days
50 %
74
173
37
86
37
86
over 360 days
100 %
291
34
291
34
0
0
Total
5,004
3,533
366
148
4,638
3,386
Credit card receivables
0,1 %
3,111
2,340
3
2
3,108
2,337
Tot al
8,115
5,873
369
150
7,74 5
5,723
The groups other receivables do not contain impaired or delayed items. Based on the credit history of
other groups, the receivables will be paid when they fall due. The Group has no guarantee for these
receivables.
Liquidity and refinancing risk
Liquidity risk refers to the risk of the Group not being able to fulfil its payment obligations and
refinancing risk refers to the risk of the Group not being able to refinance its maturing liabilities.
The Treasury Policy governs the mitigation of refinancing and liquidity risk by setting requirements
on refinancing, the amount of committed credit facilities and the level of liquid assets to be kept
available. Group Treasury monitors and forecasts the short- and long-term needs of the Group and
ensures that sufficient liquidity and credit facilities are available.
As of 31 December 2025, the Groups liquidity and refinancing position was good. The amount of
cash and cash equivalents was EUR 16.2 (11.8) million and the Group had EUR 85 (100) million of undrawn
revolving credit facilities which mature in 2028. Additionally, the Group had EUR 10 (5) million bank
overdraft, unutilized term facilities of EUR 0 (15) million, and EUR 50 million commercial paper program
of which EUR 13 (7.5) million was in use.
Musti Group extended the 3+1-year Facilities Agreement with Danske Bank, OP Corporate Bank plc
and Swedbank AB (Publ) on 28 August 2025. The extended Facilities Agreement matures on 28 August
2028. The Facilities Agreement consists of EUR 110 million Term Facility, EUR 100 million Revolving
Credit Facility and an uncommitted Accordion Facility of EUR 60 million.
The Groups financing agreements contain covenants relating to the net debt to LTM adjusted
EBITDA (leverage) ratio. Violation of covenant terms may increase financial costs or lead to loan
termination. The covenants are reviewed and reported to the bank’s quarterly. During the financial year
2025, all quarterly covenant conditions were met.
The table below sets forth the Groups financial liabilities under the relevant maturity groups based
on the time remaining until the contractual maturity as at the balance sheet date. The figures presented
in the table are contractual undiscounted amounts.
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Contractual maturities of financial liabilities
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
FY2026
FY2027
FY2028
FY2029
FY2030
FY2031-
Tot al
Non-current liabilities
Loans from credit
institutions
109,675
109,675
Lease liability
23,225
17,739
12,838
7,6 9 6
7,838
69,337
Other non-current
interest-bearing liabilities
80
80
Current liabilities
Loans from credit
institutions
12,901
12,901
Lease liability
31,173
31,173
Trade and other
payables*
50,236
50,236
Other current liabilities
2,363
2,363
Tot al
96,672
23,305
127,414
12,838
7,6 9 6
7,8 3 8
275,764
Interest payments
8,567
7,206
4,701
1,113
609
308
22,503
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
FY2025
FY2026
FY2027
FY2028
FY2029
FY2030-
Tot al
Non-current liabilities
Loans from credit
institutions
94,668
94,668
Lease liability
24,011
17,101
12,127
6,978
6,672
66,889
Other non-current
interest-bearing liabilities
2,231
2,231
Current liabilities
Loans from credit
institutions
7,458
7,458
Lease liability
28,706
28,706
Trade and other
payables*
31,300
31,300
Tot al
67,464
24,011
114,000
12,127
6,978
6,672
231,252
Interest payments
7,954
6,809
4,430
991
525
257
20,966
*Other payables include only items classified as financial assets or liabilities.
The Groups loans from credit institutions on 31 December 2025 amounted to EUR 109.7 (94.7) million.
The non-current loans from credit institutions mature in August 2028.
Fair value hierarchy
Level 1
Quoted unadjusted prices at the balance sheet date in active markets. The market prices are readily
and regularly available from an exchange, dealer, broker, market information service system, pricing
service or regulatory agency. The quoted market price used for financial assets is the current bid price.
Level 1 financial instruments include investments in funds classified as financial instruments at fair value
through profit and loss. Musti Group does not have Level 1 financial instruments.
Level 2
The fair value of financial instruments in Level 2 is determined using valuation techniques. These
techniques utilize observable market data readily and regularly available from an exchange, dealer,
broker, market information service system, pricing service or regulatory agency. Musti Group has
classified derivatives at fair value according to the Level 2.
Level 3
A financial instrument is categorized into Level 3 if the calculation of the fair value cannot be based
on observable market data. Musti Group has classified earn-out liabilities on level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.
104
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Fair value hierarchy
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets
Financial assets at amortised cost
Other non-curret assets
412
Trade and other receivables*
7,745
Cash and cash equivalents
16,243
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments
890
Tot al
25,291
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets
Financial assets at amortised cost
Other non-curret assets
240
Trade and other receivables*
5,723
Cash and cash equivalents
11,829
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments
1,076
Tot al
18,868
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Liabilities
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Loans from credit institutions
109,675
Commercial papers
12,901
Lease liability
100,510
Trade and other payables*
50,236
Earn-out liability 2,363
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
80
Derivative financial instruments
1,051
Tot al
274,452
2,363
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Liabilities
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Loans from credit institutions
94,668
Commercial papers
7,458
Lease liability
95,595
Trade and other payables*
31,300
Earn-out liability
2,231
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments
473
Tot al
229,495
2,231
*Other receivables and other payables includes only items classified as financial assets and liabilities.
5.2 Financial assets and liabilities
Accounting principles
Musti Group classifies financial assets and liabilities according to IFRS 9 based on the cash flow
properties of the contracts related to them and their original purpose of use in line with the business
model at the time of the acquisition. The classification is changed only if the business model applied
in the investment activities is amended. Financial assets or liabilities are presented as a non-current
item, if the remaining maturity is over 12 months from the end of the period, and as a current item if
the remaining maturity is under 12 months from the end of period. Financial assets and liabilities are
classified as follows:
Under IFRS 9, financial assets are classified into the following categories:
I. financial assets at amortized cost
II. financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
III. financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
105
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Financial assets
Financial assets and amortized cost
Financial assets are classified as financial assets at amortized cost if the following criteria are met:
I. the financial asset is held to generate cash flows based on the business model; and
II. the cash flows are contractual capital returns and interest accrued on the capital.
Financial assets at amortized cost are valued using the effective interest rate method. Impairment is
considered in the valuation. Gains and losses are recognized though profit and loss when the financial
asset is reclassified or changed or its value decreases. Interest income is recognized in finance income.
Financial assets at amortized cost include term deposits, interest-bearing loans and other
receivables, trade receivables and non-interest-bearing receivables.
Expected credit loss under IFRS 9 impacts the valuation of financial assets at amortized cost. Musti
Group applies to the valuation of trade receivables the simplified model under IFRS 9 where a provision
for credit losses is recognized in the trade receivables based on the expected credit losses. See Note 5.1
Financial risk management.
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are financial assets acquired for trading purposes.
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are derivatives not eligible for hedge accounting.
Changes in fair value, as well as profit and loss in connection derecognition, are presented in the profit
and loss statement.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets are classified as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income,
if the following criteria are met:
I. according to the business model, the financial asset is held to generate cash flows based on
a contract or it is available for sale; and
II. the cash flows are contractual capital returns and interest accrued on the capital.
Financial liabilities
Under IFRS 9, financial liabilities are classified into the following categories:
I. financial liabilities at amortized cost
II. financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at amortized cost
Musti Groups loans from financial institutions, commercial papers and trade and other payables are
recognized at the time on acquisition at fair value net of transaction costs. Loans are subsequently
measured using the effective interest rate method. The interest expenses of the loans are recorded
in the profit and loss statement. Trade and other payables are non-interest-bearing current unpaid
payables.
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss are financial liabilities acquired for trading
purposes.
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss are derivatives not eligible for
hedge accounting. Changes in fair value, as well as profit and loss in connection derecognition, are
presented in the profit and loss statement.
106
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Financial assets and liabilities
The table below sets forth the classification of financial assets and liabilities and their book values:
Financial assets
EUR thousand
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Financial assets at amortised cost
Book value
Fair value
31 Dec 2025
Non-current assets
Derivative financial instruments
118
118 118
Other non-current assets
412
412 412
Tot al
118
412
530 530
Current assets
Trade and other receivables
7,74 5
7,74 5 7,74 5
Derivative financial instruments
773
773 773
Cash and cash equivalents
16,243
16,243
16,243
Tot al
773
23,988
24,761
24,761
Financial assets, total
890
24,400
25,291
25,291
EUR thousand
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Financial assets at amortised cost
Book value
Fair value
31 Dec 2024
Non-current assets
Other non-current assets
240
240 240
Tot al
0
240
240 240
Current assets
Trade and other receivables
5,723
5,723 5,723
Derivative financial instruments
1,076
1,076 1,076
Cash and cash equivalents
11,829
11,829
11,829
Tot al
1,076
17,552
18,628
18,628
Financial assets, total
1,076
1 7,7 9 2
18,868
18,868
107
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
Financial liabilities
EUR thousand
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Book value
Fair value
31 Dec 2025
Non-current liabilities
Loans from credit institutions
109,675
109,675
109,675
Derivative financial instruments
122
122
122
Lease liability
69,337
69,337
69,337
Other non-current liabilities
80
80
80
Tot al
122
179,092
179,214
179,214
Current liabilities
Commercial papers
12,901
12,901
12,901
Lease liability
31,173
31,173
31,173
Trade and other payables
50,236
50,236
50,236
Other current liabilities
2,363
2,363
2,363
Derivative financial instruments
929
929
929
Tot al
929
96,672
97,601
97,601
Financial liabilities, total
1,051
275,764
276,815
276,815
EUR thousand
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Book value
Fair value
31 Dec 2024
Non-current liabilities
Loans from credit institutions
94,668
94,668
94,668
Derivative financial instruments
240
240
240
Lease liability
66,889
66,889
66,889
Other non-current liabilities
2,231
2,231
2,231
Tot al
240
163,788
164,028
164,028
Current liabilities
Commercial papers
7,458
7,458
7,458
Lease liability
28,706
28,706
28,706
Trade and other payables
31,300
31,300
31,300
Derivative financial instruments
233
233
233
Tot al
233
67,464
67,697
67,697
Financial liabilities, total
473
231,252
231,725
231,725
108
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Changes in financial liabilities arising from financing activities
Foreign exchange Other non-cash
EUR thousand
1 Jan 2025
Cash flows
New leases
movement
Change in fair values
movements
31 Dec 2025
Current interest-bearing loans and borrowings
(excluding items listed below)
7,458
4,957
486
12,901
Current lease liability
28,706
-31,773
3,447
612
30,181
31,173
Non-current interest-bearing loans and borrowings
(excluding items listed below)
94,668
15,079
-72
109,675
Non-current lease liability
66,889
13,633
1,530
-12,715
69,337
Derivative financial instruments
473
-473
1,051
1,051
Earn-out liability
2,231
132
2,363
Other non-current liabilities
0
80
80
Total liabilities from financing activities
200,425
-12,210
17,080
2,142
0
19,143
226,579
Foreign exchange Other non-cash
EUR thousand
1 Oct 2023
Cash flows
New leases
movement
Change in fair values
movements
31 Dec 2024
Current interest-bearing loans and borrowings
(excluding items listed below)
9,412
-1,955
0
7,458
Current lease liability
24,307
-33,157
4,497
-145
33,202
28,706
Non-current interest-bearing loans and borrowings
(excluding items listed below)
69,943
24,475
250
94,668
Non-current lease liability
55,518
17,433
-317
-5,745
66,889
Derivative financial instruments
306
-306
473
473
Earn-out liability
2,031
200
2,231
Total liabilities from financing activities
161,517
-10,942
21,930
-461
0
28,380
200,425
109
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
Liquid funds
Deposits with a maturity of up to 3 months from the year end are classified as liquid funds and are
measured at amortized cost. Cash and cash equivalents include readily available cash and bank
deposits, as well as fixed-term deposits.
Liquid funds are regularly assessed for impairment, but the risk is limited due to their high credit
rating and short maturity.
Liquid funds
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Cash and cash equivalents
16,243
11,829
Derivative financial instruments
Accounting principles
Derivatives are initially recorded at their fair value on the date of the contract, and they are
subsequently valued at their fair value. Derivatives are classified as instruments held for trading and
recorded at fair value through profit and loss.
The Group utilizes derivatives for hedging operative exchange risks and interest rate risk. The
company does not apply hedge accounting.
The nominal and fair values of the derivatives at the end of the financial
period:
Receivables Payables
EUR thousand
Nominal value
at fair value
at fair value
Net fair value
31 Dec 2025
Forward exchange
contracts
89,514
773
-930
-156
Interest rate swaps
55,000
117
-121
-4
Tot al
144,514
890
-1,051
-160
Receivables Payables
EUR thousand
Nominal value
at fair value
at fair value
Net fair value
31 Dec 2024
Forward exchange
contracts
85,585
1,076
-234
842
Interest rate swaps
35,000
0
-239
-239
Tot al
120,585
1,076
-473
603
Maturity distribution of derivates (at nominal value)
Maturity distribution of derivatives at 31 December 2025
EUR thousand
FY2026
FY2027
FY2028
FY2029
FY2030
Forward exchange
contracts
88,728
785
0
0
0
Interest rate swaps
0
35,000
20,000
0
0
Tot al
88,728
35,785
20,000
0
0
Maturity distribution of derivatives at 31 December 2024
EUR thousand
FY2025
FY2026
FY2027
FY2028
FY2029
Forward exchange
contracts
85,011
573
0
0
0
Interest rate swaps
0
0
35,000
0
0
Tot al
85,011
573
35,000
0
0
Interest-bearing liabilities
Net debt is the total amount of loans from credit institutions and lease liabilities included in the current
and non-current liabilities less cash and bank deposits. The ratio of net debt to LTM adjusted EBITDA is
linked to the covenants included in the financing agreements.
Net debt
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Non-current interest-bearing liabilities
179,092
163,788
Current interest-bearing liabilities
46,436
36,164
Derivative financial instruments
160
-603
Cash and cash equivalents
-16,243
-11,829
Net debt
209,446
187,520
110
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
Interest-bearing liabilities
Balance sheet values
Fair values
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Loans from credit institutions
109,675
94,668
94,668
Lease liability
69,337
66,889
66,889
Other non-current liabilities
80
2,231
2,231
Total interest-bearing non-current
liabilities
179,092
163,788
163,788
Commercial papers
12,901
7,458
12,901
7,458
Lease liability
31,173
28,706
31,173
28,706
Other current liabilities
2,363
0
2,363
0
Total interest-bearing current
liabilities
46,436
36,164
46,436
36,164
Derivative financial instruments
1,051
473
1,051
473
Total interest-bearing liabilities
226,579
200,425
226,579
200,425
5.3 Commitments and contingencies
This Note presents information on items not included in calculations when preparing the financial
statements, as they do not satisfy accounting requirements yet. These items include guarantees,
pledges and contingent liabilities.
Compliance with covenant conditions
Musti Group has EUR 210 million financing agreement that contains a covenant relating to the Groups
leverage (net debt to LTM adjusted EBITDA) which shall not exceed a ratio of 3.75. The covenant needs
to be met constantly, and it is tested on a quarterly basis. The covenant is calculated based on the
calculation method agreed on the financing agreement. At the end of the financial year, the Groups
leverage ratio amounted to 3.4 (3.1). Management forecasts the covenant conditions monthly and is
confident that all obligations will be met. Violation of the covenant terms may lead to termination of the
loans. The covenants have been fulfilled during the financial years 2025 and 2024.
Other commitments
During the periods presented in the financial statements, Musti Group has not been involved in legal
proceedings, arbitration or administrative proceedings that could have a significant impact on the
Groups financial position or profitability.
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Other guarantees given on own behalf
Guarantees relating to rental payments
3,944
3,665
Other commitments
23
23
Tot al
3,968
3,688
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Other commitments
Lease liabilities for leases not recognised in the
balance sheet
5,461
750
Tot al
5,461
750
Lease liabilities not recognized in the balance sheet includes the nominal amount of low-value and
short-term lease liabilities (refer to Note 3.6) and the liability for agreements that will enter into force in
the future.
111
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Musti’s Year
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5.4 Financial income and expenses
This Note presents the Groups financial income and expenses. The Group has entered into interest rate
swap agreements to protect itself from the changes of interest of bank loans with variable interest rates,
as well as exchange rate hedges for its purchases in US Dollar and British Pound in Finland and Sweden.
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Financial income
Interest income
1,468
2,771
Exchange gains
3,621
1,996
Exchange gains from derivatives
3,605
4,230
Gain from changes in the fair value of derivatives
890
1,076
Other financial income
0
22
Tot al
9,585
10,096
Financial expenses
Interest expenses on loans valued to amortised cost
-6,083
-6,122
Interest expenses from lease liability
-3,943
-3,676
Exchange losses
-3,532
-3,118
Exchange losses from derivatives
-5,387
-2,763
Loss from changes in the fair value of derivatives
235
-1,731
Other financial expenses
-852
-751
Tot al
-19,563
-18,161
Financial income and expenses, net
-9,978
-8,066
The Groups interest income and other financial income mainly relate to exchange rate gains and
interest income and changes in the fair value of derivatives. Financial expenses mainly relate to loans
from credit institutions and lease liabilities, and changes in the fair value of derivatives and exchange
rate losses.
5.5 Capital Management
The company’s Board of Directors is responsible for the capital management strategy. The aim of capital
management is to maintain sufficient equity ratio and to comply with requirements set for leverage in
financing agreements. Capital sources include operating cash flows, equity financing from shareholders
and external loans. Covenants included in financing agreements place requirements relating to the ratio
of net debt to LTM adjusted EBITDA (leverage). Other terms and conditions on external capital are not
applied to the Group. In capital management, the Groups equity consists of equity and liabilities as
presented in the balance sheet.
With capital management, the Group aims to safeguard its continuous operations to provide yield to
the shareholders and increase the value of the capital that they have invested. The Group monitors the
adjusted EBITA, EBITA margin and the net debt ratio to last twelve months adjusted EBITDA.
5.6 Equity
This Note describes items included in the equity of Musti Group.
Accounting principle
The Groups equity includes instruments that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after
deducting all its liabilities and contains no contractual obligation for the issuer to deliver cash or other
financial asset to another entity. Costs that relate to the issue or repurchase of own equity instruments
are recognized as a deduction in equity.
All company shares are reported as share capital. Any repurchase of its own shares by the company
is deducted from equity.
The total equity consists of the share capital, the invested unrestricted equity reserve, translation
differences and retained earnings.
112
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Share capital
On 31 December 2025 the share capital of Musti Group amounted to EUR 11,001,853.68 and the number
of shares was 33,535,453. The company has one share class, and all shares have equal voting rights at
the general meetings. The company holds 147,566 own shares. The shares do not have a nominal value.
The Annual General Meeting held on 29 April 2025 authorized the Board of Directors to decide on
the repurchase of the company’s own shares and/or on the acceptance as pledge of the company’s own
shares as follows. The number of own shares to be repurchased and/or accepted as pledge based on
this authorization shall not exceed 3,185,000 shares in total, which corresponds to approximately 9.5
per cent of all the shares in the company. However, the company together with its subsidiaries cannot at
any moment own and/or hold as pledge more than 10 per cent of all the shares in the company.
Own shares can be repurchased only using the unrestricted equity of the company at a price formed
in public trading on the date of the repurchase or otherwise at a price determined by the markets.
The Board of Directors decides on all other matters related to the repurchase and/or acceptance
as pledge of own shares. Own shares can be repurchased using, inter alia, derivatives. Own shares
can be repurchased otherwise than in proportion to the shareholdings of the shareholders (directed
repurchase).
This authorization cancelled the authorization given by the Annual General Meeting held on 31
January 2024 to decide on the repurchase of the company’s own shares and/or to accept the company’s
own shares as pledge. The authorization is effective until the next Annual General Meeting, however, no
longer than until 30 June 2026.
The Annual General Meeting also authorized the Board of Directors to decide on the issuance of
shares as well as the issuance of special rights entitling to shares referred to in chapter 10 section 1 of
the Finnish Companies Act as follows. The number of shares to be issued based on this authorization
shall not exceed 3,185,000 shares, which corresponds to approximately 9.5 per cent of all the shares
in the company. The authorization covers both the issuance of new shares as well as the transfer of
treasury shares held by the company.
The Board of Directors decides on all the conditions of the issuance of shares and of special rights
entitling to shares. The issuance of shares and of special rights entitling to shares may be carried out
in deviation from the shareholders’ pre-emptive rights (directed issue). This authorization cancelled the
authorization given by the Annual General Meeting held on 31 January 2024 to decide on the issuance
of shares as well as on the issuance of special rights entitling to shares. The authorization is effective
until the next Annual General Meeting, however, no longer than until 30 June 2026.
Changes in share capital and invested unrestricted equity reserve
Own shares
Number of held by Invested
outstanding the parent Total number unrestricted
EUR thousand shares company
of shares
Share capital
equity
1 Jan 2025
33,387,887
147,566
33,535,453
11,002
118,009
Capital return
0
0
0
0
0
Acqusition of own shares
0
0
0
0
0
Shares delivered on the
basis of the share-based
payments
0
0
0
0
0
31 Dec 2025
33,387,887
147,566
33,535,453
11,002
118,009
1 Oct 2023
33,387,887
147,566
33,535,453
11,002
118,009
Capital return
0
0
0
0
0
Acqusition of own shares
0
0
0
0
0
Shares delivered on the
basis of the share-based
payments
0
0
0
0
0
31 Dec 2024
33,387,887
147,566
33,535,453
11,002
118,009
Earnings per share
The basic earnings per share figure is calculated by dividing the result for the financial year attributable
to the parent company’s shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during
the financial year. When calculating the earnings per share adjusted by dilution, the weighted average
of the number of shares takes into account the diluting effect resulting from changing into shares all
potentially diluting shares.
113
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Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
Earnings per share
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Earnings per share, basic
Net profit attributable to equity owners of the parent
company, EUR thousand
-3,723
6,700
Weighted average number of shares
33,387,887
33,387,987
Basic earnings per share, EUR
-0.11
0.20
Earnings per share, diluted
Net profit attributable to equity owners of the parent
company, EUR thousand
-3,723
6,700
Weighted average number of shares
33,387,887
33,387,987
Adjustments:
Average number of treasury shares it is possible to be
issued on the basis of the share-based payments
143,000
158,160
Weighted average number of shares for diluted
earnings per share
33,530,887
33,546,147
Diluted earnings per share, EUR
-0.11
0.20
Musti Group plcs distributable funds
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
Retained earnings at the end of financial year
10,102
Unrestricted equity
123,349
Own shares
-5,340
Result for the financial year
-3,002
Distributable funds total
125,109
Invested unrestricted equity reserve
Under the Finnish Companies Act, the subscription price of new shares is credited to the share capital,
unless it is provided in the share issue resolution that it is to be credited in full or in part to the invested
unrestricted equity reserve. Contributions to the reserve for invested unrestricted equity can also be
made without share issues.
Translation differences
Translation differences arising on the translation of subsidiaries’ financial statements into euros are
recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity.
Dividend and profit distribution
The Groups parent company’s distributable funds total EUR 125,108,780.55 of which the result for the
financial year is EUR -3,002,474.22. The Board of Directors proposes to the Annual General Meeting that
no dividend will be paid for the financial year ended on 31 December 2025. For the financial year ended
31 December 2024, no dividend was distributed.
114
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6. OTHER NOTES
Management compensation
The CEO and management team remuneration
Management Tot al Management Tot al
EUR thousand
CEO
team
2024
CEO
team 2023
Salaries and other short-term
employee benefits
500
1,800
2,300
607
2,223
2,830
Short-term incentives
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pension costs - defined
contribution plans
0
451
451
0
527
527
Tot al
500
2,251
2,751
607
2,750
3,356
The remuneration of the CEO and the members of the Management Team is presented on accrual
basis. The Group management remuneration is described more in detail in the separate Remuneration
Statement and Note 2.4 Share-based payments.
Remuneration paid to Board of Directors
Paid FY2025 Paid FY2024
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Claudia Azevedo (from 12 April 2024)
0
0
Jeffrey David
30
48
Ingrid Jonasson Blank (until 12 April 2024)
0
45
Ilkka Laurila (until 12 April 2024)
0
43
Jõao Amaral (from 12 April 2024 until 28 August
2025)
0
0
Johan Dettel
30
41
Jõao Dolores (from 12 April 2024)
0
0
Joanna Hummel (from 29 April 2025)
18
0
Tiina-Liisa Liukkonen (from 29 April 2025)
21
0
Inka Mero (until 12 April 2024)
0
40
Eduardo Piedade (from 18 September 2025)
0
0
Tot al
99
216
The remuneration of the Board of the Directors is presented on cash basis. According to the decision of the
2025 Annual General Meeting, the annual fees paid to the Board members were: Chairman of the Board EUR
65,000 and other Board members EUR 35,000. The annual fees paid to the members of the Committees
were: Chairman of the Committee EUR 7,500 and other Committee members EUR 5,000. The members of
the Board who are employees of Sonae Group, do not receive any fee for their duties in the Board.
6.1 Related party transactions
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability to control or exercise significant
influence on the other party, or if the parties exercise joint control in making financial and operating
decisions. Musti Groups related parties include its subsidiaries, the parent company of the Sonae
Group and its subsidiaries, the Board of Directors and the members of the management team, including
the CEO, as well as their family members and entities controlled by these individuals.
Related party transactions are executed with the arms length principle, and their terms and
conditions correspond to transactions carried out with independent parties.
The following transactions were carried out with related parties:
Sonae Group
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Sales of goods and services
227
0
Purchases of goods and services
203
0
Receivables
103
0
Payables
39
0
ZU acquisition
13,449
0
Board of Directors
EUR thousand
31 Dec 2025
31 Dec 2024
Consulting fees
286
0
The management’s remuneration is presented in the next table. No loans have been granted to the
management, and no other transactions have been conducted with the management.
115
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Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
6.2 Taxes
Income taxes
Accounting principles
net profits on an accrual basis, prior period tax adjustments and changes in deferred taxes. The Group
companies’ taxes have been calculated from the taxable income of each company determined by
local jurisdiction. The country of registration of each group company is presented in Note 1.4 Group
information.
Income tax expenses
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Current tax:
Current tax on profits for the year
-806
-1,843
Taxes for prior years
-265
-112
Total current tax expense
-1,071
-1,954
Deferred tax:
Change in deferred taxes
494
523
Income taxes
-577
-1,433
Reconciliation of income tax expense and taxes calculated at the Finnish
tax rate 20%
EUR thousand
1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025
1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Profit before tax
-3,140
8,152
Tax calculated at Finnish tax rate 20%
628
-1,630
Effect of other tax rates for foreign subsidiaries
-401
-152
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
-186
-537
Income not subject to tax
0
0
Unrecognized deferred tax assets for losses
-327
-75
Utilisation of previously unrecognised tax losses
0
318
Taxes for prior years
-265
-112
Temporary differences in taxation
0
831
Other items
-27
-77
Taxes in income statement
-577
-1,433
Deferred tax assets and liabilities
Accounting policy
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized on all temporary differences arising between the tax
bases and carrying amounts of assets and liabilities. The most significant temporary differences arise
from right-of-use assets and corresponding liabilities. Deferred tax liability has not been calculated on
goodwill insofar as goodwill is not tax deductible. Deferred tax on subsidiaries’ undistributed earnings
is not recognized unless a distribution of earnings is probable, causing tax implications. A deferred
income tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that it can be utilized against future
taxable income.
Deferred tax has been determined using the tax rates enacted at the balance sheet date, and as the
rates changed, at the known new rate. A deferred income tax asset is recognized to the extent that
it is probable that it can be utilized against future taxable income. The Groups deferred income tax
assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.
Deferred taxes relating to IFRS 16 right-of-use assets and lease liabilities have been netted on the
consolidated balance sheet but in the specification of the changes below, the gross amounts to the
deferred taxes have been presented.
Determinations based on the managements judgement
Determining to which extent deferred tax assets can be recognized requires managements judgement.
The management of Musti Group has used judgement when determining if deferred tax asset is
recognized for an unused tax loss carry forward or unused tax credits. Recognition is done only to
the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the loss or
credit carry forward can be utilized. The Group estimates positions taken in tax return with respect
to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. If necessary, the booked
amounts are adjusted to correspond to amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
116
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
Changes in deferred taxes during financial year 2025
Recognised in Business Exchange rate
EUR thousand
1 Jan 2025
profit or loss acqusitions
differences
31 Dec 2025
Deferred tax assets
Tax losses
1,610
2,698
27
46
4,381
Intangible and tangible
assets
615
-294
24
346
Inventories
1,567
-1,301
266
Lease liability
18,105
-579
1,093
456
19,075
Other items
18
56
39
2
115
Tot al
21,916
580
1,1 59
529
24,183
Recognised in Business Exchange rate
EUR thousand
1 Jan 2025
profit or loss acqusitions
differences
31 Dec 2025
Deferred tax liabilities
Intangible and tangible
assets
4,020
1,344
602
163
6,128
Right-of-use assets
17,218
-654
1,093
425
18,083
Other items
2,424
-22
178
-1
2,579
Tot al
23,663
668
1,872
587
26,790
Net deferred taxes
31 Dec 2025
1,747
87
713
58
2,607
Changes in deferred taxes during financial year 2024
Recognised in Business Exchange rate
EUR thousand
1 Oct 2023
profit or loss acqusitions
differences
31 Dec 2024
Deferred tax assets
Tax losses
0
1,610
1,610
Intangible and tangible
assets
653
-184
142
5
615
Inventories
1,322
245
1,567
Lease liability
14,894
301
3,021
-111
18,105
Other items
9
11
-1
18
Tot al
16,878
1,982
3,163
-107
21,916
Recognised in Business Exchange rate
EUR thousand
1 Oct 2023
profit or loss acqusitions
differences
31 Dec 2024
Deferred tax liabilities
Intangible and tangible
assets
2,892
786
329
13
4,020
Right-of-use assets
14,054
250
3,021
-107
17,218
Other items
1,988
423
13
2,424
Tot al
18,935
1,460
3,350
-81
23,663
Net deferred taxes
31 Dec 2024
2,057
-523
187
25
1,747
At the end of financial year 2025 the Group had no temporary differences on which deferred tax assets
were booked for which it is uncertain if they will be realized. Deferred tax assets were recognized from
the cumulative tax losses for the financial year 2025 and 2024.
117
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
6.3 Subsequent events
Musti Group plc announced that Joanna Hummel, member of the Board of Directors, resigns from the
Board on 4 February 2026.
Pillar II
Musti Group has been subject to the minimum taxation for large multinational groups under the OECD
Pillar II legislation as of 1 March 2024 as part of the Sonae Group. Musti Group has assessed potential
Pillar II income tax expenses, taking into account the transitional provisions of Pillar II. Based on the
assessment, the impact of Pillar II on Groups income taxes is not material. The Group has applied the
relief permitted by IAS 12 regarding the recognition and disclosure of deferred tax assets and liabilities
arising under Pillar II.
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Corporate Governance Board of Directors’ Report Financial Statements
7. PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, FAS
Musti Group plc income statement
EUR thousand Note 1 Jan 2025 - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Net sales 18,246 9,247
Other operating income 7.2 122 146
Employee benefit expenses 7.3 -1,268 -4,031
Other operating expenses 7.4 -32,416 -23,356
Operating result -15,317 -17,994
Financial income 7.5 6,920 13,092
Financial expenses 7.5 -6,052 -10,758
Result before appropriations and taxes -14,448 -15,661
Appropriations 7.6 11,450 12,800
Income tax expense 7.7 -4 -55
Result for the period -3,002 -2,916
Musti Group plc balance sheet
EUR thousand Note 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Investments 7.8 132,410 132,410
Total non-current assets 132,410 132,410
Current assets
Long-term receivables 7.10 110,327 52,141
Short-term receivables 7.10 72,657 95,611
Cash and cash equivalents 12,148 9,424
Total current assets 195,132 1 5 7,1 7 5
TOTAL ASSETS 327,542 289,585
EUR thousand Note 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Share capital 7.11 11,002 11,002
Other reserves 7.11 123,349 123,349
Own shares 7.11 -5,340 -5,340
Retained earnings 7.11 10,102 13,018
Profit/loss for the fiscal period -3,002 -2,916
Total equity 136,111 139,113
Liabilities
Non-current liabilities 7.12 109,796 103,634
Current liabilities 7.13 81,635 46,838
Total current liabilities 191,431 150,472
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 327,542 289,585
Musti’s Year
Corporate Governance 119Board of Directors’ Report
MUSTI GROUP / ANNUAL REPORT 2025
Financial Statements
Musti Group plc cash flow statement
EUR thousand 1 Jan 2025 - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit before appropriations and taxes -14,448 -15 611
Unrealised foreign exchange gains and losses -2,068 112
Finance income and expenses 1,200 -2,444
Cash flow before change in working capital -15,317 -1 7, 9 9 3
Change in working capital
Increase (-) / decrease (+) of current receivables -8,857 -701
Increase (+) / decrease (-) of current non-interest
bearing liabilities 20,439 5,332
Cash flows from operating activities before financial
items and taxes -3,735 -13,363
Interests paid and other finance costs -6,220 -9,411
Interests received 4,885 10,307
Direct income taxes paid 899 477
Net cash from operating activities -4,1 7 2 -11,989
Cash flows from investing activities
Dividends received 0 3,273
Long-term receivables, increase (-)/decrease (+) -56,000 -13,600
Net cash fom investing activities -56,000 -10,327
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from non-current loans 15,000 95,000
Repayments of non-current loans -9,032 -61,519
Commercial papers issued 5,443 -1,955
Change in internal bank account receivables 38,685 -21,087
Received group contributions 12,800 200
Net cash fom financing activities 62,896 10,640
Change in cash and cash equivalents 2,724 -11,677
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 9,424 21,101
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 12,148 9,424
Notes to Musti Group plc financial statements
7.1 Accounting principles
Basis of preparation
Musti Group plc is the parent company of Musti Group, domiciled in Helsinki, Finland. The financial
statements of Musti Group plc have been prepared in euros in accordance with the relevant acts and
regulations in force in Finland (Finnish Accounting Standards, FAS).
When preparing the financial statements, the management of the company needs to make estimates
and assumptions that affects the financial statements valuations. Actual figures may differ from the
estimates made.
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis for the financial year 2025
covering the period from 1 January to 31 December 2025. The company’s financial year was changed to
calendar year during 2024, and therefore the comparison period covers 15 months. Due to the extended
comparison period, the amounts presented in the financial statements are not entirely comparable.
Valuation and accruing principles and methods
Non-current assets
Investments in subsidiaries are recognized either at acquisition cost or at net realizable value if the value of
the investments has declined permanently.
Pension plans
The statutory pension liability of the Finnish personnel and any additional pensions have been arranged
through a pension insurance company.
Income tax expense
Income tax includes tax calculated on the profit for the current financial year as well as tax adjustments
for previous financial years. No deferred taxes have been booked in the parent company.
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Financial Statements
Foreign currency items
Foreign currency business transactions are booked using the exchange rate of the transaction date. At
the end of the fiscal year all open foreign currency transactions are valued using the exchange rate of
the closing date.
Financial instruments
Financial instruments are valued at fair value in accordance with the chapter 5, paragraph 2a of
the Finnish Accounting Act. The company classifies financial instruments based on the cash flow
properties of the contracts related to them and their original purpose of use in line with the business
model at the time of the acquisition. The classification is changed only if the business model applied
in the investment activities is amended. Financial assets or liabilities are presented as a non-current
item, if the remaining maturity is over 12 months from the end of the period, and as a current item if
the remaining maturity is under 12 months from the end of period. Financial assets and liabilities are
classified as follows:
Financial assets are classified into the following categories:
I. financial assets at amortized cost
II. financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Financial assets
Financial assets at amortized cost
Financial assets are classified as financial assets at amortized cost if the following criteria are met:
I. the financial asset is held to generate cash flows based on the business mode; and
II. the cash flows are contractual capital returns and interest accrued on the capital.
Financial assets at amortized cost are valued using the effective interest rate method. Impairment is
considered in the valuation. Gains and losses are recognized though profit and loss when the financial
asset is reclassified or changed or its value decreases. Interest income is recognized in finance income.
Financial assets at amortized cost include term deposits, interest-bearing loans and other
receivables, trade receivables and non-interest-bearing receivables.
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are financial assets acquired for trading purposes.
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are derivatives not eligible for hedge accounting.
Changes in fair value, as well as profit and loss in connection derecognition, are presented in the profit
and loss statement.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are classified into the following categories:
I. financial liabilities at amortized cost
II. financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at amortized cost
Musti Groups loans from financial institutions and trade and other payables are recognized at the
time on acquisition at fair value net of transaction costs. Loans are subsequently measured using the
effective interest rate method. The interest expenses of the loans are recorded in the profit and loss
statement. Trade and other payables are non-interest-bearing current unpaid payables.
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss are financial liabilities acquired for trading
purposes.
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss are derivatives not eligible for
hedge accounting. Changes in fair value, as well as profit and loss in connection derecognition, are
presented in the profit and loss statement.
Derivatives are initially recorded at their fair value on the date of the contract, and they are
subsequently valued at their fair value. Derivatives a classified as instruments held for trading and
recorded at fair value through profit and loss.
The Company utilizes derivatives for hedging interest rate risk. The company does not apply hedge
accounting.
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Financial Statements
7.4 Other operating expenses
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Expenses related to the public tender offer 0 -10,321
Administration -30,864 -12,780
Other expenses -1,152 -254
Tot al -32,416 -23,356
Auditors’ fees
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Authorised Public Accountants E&Y
Audit 95 163
Sustainability reporting assurance 69 0
Tax consultation 18 38
Other services 81 20
Tot al 263 220
7.2 Other operating income
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Other income from group companies 122 146
Tot al 122 146
7.3 Employee benefit expenses
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Salaries and fees -1,015 -3,308
Social security costs -222 -609
Pension costs -29 -110
Other social security costs -2 -4
Tot al -1,268 -4,031
Salary and bonus expenses of Chief Executive
Officer and Members of the Board of Directors
Chief Excecutive Officer 500 607
Board of Directors 98 216
Personnel on average 2 2
7.5 Financial income and expenses
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Other interest and financial income
From Group companies
Interest income 4,472 6,673
Dividend income 0 3,273
From others
Other financial income 2,448 3,147
Tot al 6,920 13,092
Interest and other financial expenses
To Group companies
Interest expenses -596 -2,241
To others
Interest expenses -5,944 -5,922
Other financial expenses 488 -2,596
Tot al -6,052 -10,758
Financial income and expenses total 868 2,334
7.6 Appropriations
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Group contributions received 11,450 12,800
Tot al 11,450 12,800
7.7 Income taxes
EUR thousand 1 Jan - 31 Dec 2025 1 Oct 2023 - 31 Dec 2024
Income tax for the financial year -9 -28
Income tax for prior financial years 5 -27
Tot al -4 -55
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Financial Statements
7.8 Investments
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Investments in Group companies
Acquisition cost in the beginning of the period 132,410 132,410
Acquisition cost in the end of the period 132,410 132,410
Group companies 31 Dec 2025 Share of parent company %
Musti Group Nordic Oy 100 100
The Groups subsidiaries and investments in associates are presented in Note 1.4 in the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
7.9 Fair value hierarchy
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Financial assets at amortised cost
Other non-curret assets 36
Trade and other receivables* 55,178
Loan receivables 110,175
Cash and cash equivalents 12,148
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments 117
Tot al 177,653
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Financial assets at amortised cost
Other non-curret assets 47
Trade and other receivables* 86,081
Loan receivables 52,094
Cash and cash equivalents 9,424
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments 18
Tot al 147,664
31 Dec 2025
EUR thousand Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Liabilities
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Other non-current liablities
Loans from credit institutions 109 675
Commercial papers 12 901
Trade and other payables* 38 721
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments 121
Tot al 161 418
31 Dec 2024
EUR thousand Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Liabilities
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Other non-current liablities 8,727
Loans from credit institutions 94,668
Commercial papers 7,458
Trade and other payables * 29,299
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
Derivative financial instruments 239
Tot al 140,391
*Other receivables and other payables includes only items classified as financial assets and liabilities.
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Financial Statements
Level 1
Quoted unadjusted prices at the balance sheet date in active markets. The market prices are readily
and regularly available from an exchange, dealer, broker, market information service system, pricing
service or regulatory agency. The quoted market price used for financial assets is the current bid price.
Level 1 financial instruments include investments in funds classified as financial instruments at fair value
through profit and loss. Musti Group plc does not have Level 1 financial instruments.
Level 2
The fair value of financial instruments in Level 2 is determined using valuation techniques. These
techniques utilize observable market data readily and regularly available from an exchange, dealer,
broker, market information service system, pricing service or regulatory agency. Musti Group plc has
classified derivatives at fair value according to the Level 2.
Level 3
A financial instrument is categorized into Level 3 if the calculation of the fair value cannot be based on
observable market data. Musti Group plc does not have Level 3 financial instruments.
7.10 Receivables
Long-term receivables total
Receivables from Group companies
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Loan receivables 110,175 52,094
Tot al 110,1 75 52,094
Receivables from others
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Other receivables 153 47
Tot al 153 47
Long-term receivables total 110,327 52,141
Short-term receivables
Receivables from Group companies
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Group contribution receivables 11,450 12,800
Group cash pool receivables 43,728 73,281
Prepayments and accrued income 16,994 8,102
Tot al 72,172 94,183
Receivables from others
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Prepayments and accrued income
Income taxes 13 915
Value added tax receivables 13 67
Other 460 446
Tot al 485 1,428
Short-term receivables total 72,657 89,613
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Financial Statements
7.11 Equity
EUR thousand Share capital
Unrestricted
equity reserve
Treasury
shares
Retained
earnings Equity total
Equity 1 Jan 2025 11,002 123,349 -5,340 10,102 139,113
Capital return 0
Acqusition of own shares 0
Result for the financial year -3,002 -3,002
Equity 31 Dec 2025 11,002 123,349 -5,340 7,099 136,111
Equity 1 Oct 2023 11,002 123,349 -5,340 13,018 142,029
Capital return 0
Acqusition of own shares 0
Result for the financial year -2,916 -2,916
Equity 31 Dec 2024 11,002 123,349 -5,340 10,102 139,113
Distributable equity
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Reserve for invested unrestricted equity 123,349 123,349
Own shares -5,340 -5,340
Retained earnings 10,102 13,018
Net result for the financial period -3,002 -2,916
Tot al 125,109 128,111
7.12 Non-current liabilities
Liabilities to Group companies
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Long-term loans 0 8,727
Tot al 0 8,727
Liabilities to others
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Loans from financial institutions 109,675 94,668
Other liabilities 121 239
Tot al 109,796 94,908
Non-current liabilities total 109,796 103,634
7.13 Current liabilities
Liabilities to Group companies
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Trade payables 1 0
Group cash pool payables 38,384 29,252
Other liabilities 29,116 9,299
Tot al 6 7, 5 0 1 38,551
Liabilities to others
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Commercial papers 12,901 7,458
Trade payables 336 47
Accruals and deferred income
Employee benefit expenses 173 232
Interest liabilities 546 459
Income tax payables 29 28
Other accruals and deferred income 149 63
Accruals and deferred income total 898 782
Tot al 14,134 8,287
Current liabilitites total 81,635 46,838
7.14 Commitments and contingent liabilities
EUR thousand 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Pledges given on behalf of group companies
Pledges given on behalf of group companies 23 23
Total 23 23
Musti Group plc has given letter of guarantees for the following group companies: Zoo Support
Scandinavia AB, Arken Zoo AB and Arken Zoo Holding AB.
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Financial Statements
Signatures of the Board of Directors’ Report and the Financial Statements
The financial statements prepared in accordance with the applicable set of accounting standards give
a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the company and
the companies included in its consolidated financial statements. The Board of Directors proposes to
the Annual General Meeting that no dividend will be paid for the financial year ended on 31 December
2025.
The board of directors’ report includes a description that gives a truthful picture of the development
and results of the business of the company and the group, and a description of the most significant risks
and uncertainties as well as other state of the company.
The sustainability statement included in the board of directors’ report has been prepared in
compliance with the reporting standards referred to in Chapter 7 of the Finnish Accounting Act and
Article 8 of the Taxonomy Regulation.
Helsinki, 30 March 2026
Cláudia Azevedo João Dolores
Jeffrey David Tiina-Liisa Liukkonen
Johan Dettel Eduardo Piedade
David Rönnberg
CEO
Auditor’s note
Our auditor’s report has been issued today
Helsinki, 30 March 2026
Ernst & Young Oy
Authorized Public Accountants
Maria Onniselkä
Authorized Public Accountant (KHT)
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Financial Statements
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Financial Statements
Auditor’s report (Translation of the Finnish original)
To the Annual General Meeting of Musti Group Plc
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Musti Group Plc (business identity code 2659161-1) for the
year ended 31 December, 2025. The financial statements comprise the consolidated balance sheet,
income statement, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, statement of
cash flows and notes, including material accounting policy information, as well as the parent company’s
balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows and notes.
In our opinion
the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the groups financial position,
financial performance and cash flows in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as adopted by
the EU.
the financial statements give a true and fair view of the parent company’s financial performance and
financial position in accordance with the laws and regulations governing the preparation of financial
statements in Finland and comply with statutory requirements.
Our opinion is consistent with the additional report submitted to the Audit Committee.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with good auditing practice in Finland. Our responsibilities
under good auditing practice are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the
Financial Statements section of our report.
We are independent of the parent company and of the group companies in accordance with the
ethical requirements that are applicable in Finland and are relevant to our audit, and we have fulfilled
our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.
In our best knowledge and understanding, the non-audit services that we have provided to the
parent company and group companies are in compliance with laws and regulations applicable in
Finland regarding these services, and we have not provided any prohibited non-audit services referred
to in Article 5(1) of regulation (EU) 537/2014. The non-audit services that we have provided have been
disclosed in note 2.3 to the consolidated financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis
for our opinion.
Key Audit Matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our
audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context
of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not
provide a separate opinion on these matters.
We have fulfilled the responsibilities described in the Auditors Responsibilities for the Audit of the
Financial Statements section of our report, including in relation to these matters. Accordingly, our audit
included the performance of procedures designed to respond to our assessment of the risks of material
misstatement of the financial statements. The results of our audit procedures, including the procedures
performed to address the matters below, provide the basis for our audit opinion on the accompanying
financial statements.
We have also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls. This includes
consideration of whether there was evidence of management bias that represented a risk of material
misstatement due to fraud.
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Financial Statements
Key Audit Matter
How our audit addressed
the Key Audit Matter Key Audit Matter
How our audit addressed
the Key Audit Matter Key Audit Matter
How our audit addressed
the Key Audit Matter
Valuation of Goodwill
We refer to the notes to the
consolidated financial statements
3.1, 3.2 and 3.3.
The value of goodwill at the
date of the financial statements
amounted to 210.6 million euros,
representing 43 % of total assets
and 125 % of equity.
Valuation of goodwill is based on
management’s estimates about
the value-in-use calculations
of cash generating units. There
are a number of underlying
assumptions used to determine
the value-in-use of cash
generating units, including
the development of revenue
and profitability as well as the
discount rate applied on cash
flows.
The estimated value-in-use of
cash generating units may vary
significantly when the underlying
assumptions change. Changes in
the above-mentioned individual
assumptions may result in an
impairment of goodwill.
The valuation of goodwill was
a key audit matter because the
assessment process includes
judgment, and it is based on
assumptions relating to market or
economic conditions extending
to the future and because the
amount of goodwill is significant
to the financial statements.
Valuation of goodwill was also a
significant risk of
material misstatement referred
to in EU Regulation No 537/2014,
point (c) of Article 10(2).
To address the risk of material
misstatement regarding the
valuation of goodwill our audit
procedures included among others:
• involving EY valuation specialists
to assist us in evaluating the
methodologies and underlying
assumptions applied by
management in impairment
testing;
• comparing the principles
applied by management in
the impairment tests to the
requirements set in the standard
IAS 36 Impairment of assets;
• ensuring the mathematical
accuracy of the impairment
calculations;
• comparing the key assumptions
applied by management in the
impairment tests to approved
budgets and long-term
forecasts, information available
in external sources, as well as
our independently calculated
industry averages for example
in the case of the weighted
average cost of capital used in
discounting cashflows; and
assessing the Groups disclosures
in respect of impairment testing.
Revenue Recognition
We refer to the Group’s
accounting policies and the note
to the consolidated financial
statements 2.1.
Musti Groups revenue is mainly
generated from sales of products
and services in retail stores and
online platforms as well as from
sales to franchise stores. The
Groups net sales amounted to
508.9 million euros.
Revenue recognition was a
key audit matter due to the
high volume of transactions,
the management judgement
involved in accounting for right
of return, and the extensive
network of stores. In addition,
the Group focuses on revenue
as a key performance measure
which could create an incentive
for revenue to be recognized
before the control of goods or
services has transferred to the
customer.
Revenue recognition was also
a significant risk of material
misstatement referred to in EU
Regulation No 537/2014, point (c)
of Article 10(2).
To address the risk of material
misstatement regarding revenue
recognition our audit procedures
included among others:
• assessing the Groups
accounting policies over
revenue recognition, including
principles relating to right of
return accounting in relation to
applicable accounting standards;
• testing revenue, product returns
and margins with data analytics;
• testing selected samples of sales
transactions by comparing them
to payments received;
• understanding the sales
processes and reconciliation
routines for cash and payment
card transactions in selected
retail stores;
• analyzing the timing of revenue
recognition of online sales based
on delivery lead times;
assessing the Groups disclosures
in respect of revenues.
Valuation of inventories
We refer to the Group’s
accounting policies and the note
4.1.
The total value of inventories
at the date of the financial
statements amounted to 77.8
million euros.
Musti Groups inventories are
valued at the lower of cost or net
realizable value. Inventories are
presented net of an impairment
loss recognized for obsolete and
slow-moving inventories.
Valuation of inventories was a
key audit matter because the
carrying value of inventories
is material to the financial
statements and because the
level of obsolescence and loss
provisions require management
judgment relating to the future
sales of the goods.
Our audit procedures included
among others:
• assessing the Groups
accounting policies regarding
inventories, including
compliance with applicable
accounting standards;
• attending physical stock
takings in selected stores,
central warehouses and factory
in order to, among other
things, observe the potential
obsolescence of goods;
• comparing unit prices of
selected inventory items to
latest purchase invoices and to
sales prices;
• testing slow-moving inventory
items as well as exceptional
values in inventory accounting
with data analytics; and
• assessing the Groups
disclosures in respect of
inventory.
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Financial Statements
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the Managing Director for
the Financial
The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are responsible for the preparation of consolidated
financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as
adopted by the EU, and of financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with the
laws and regulations governing the preparation of financial statements in Finland and comply with
statutory requirements. The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are also responsible for such
internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the Board of Directors and the Managing Director are
responsible for assessing the parent company’s and the groups ability to continue as going concern,
disclosing, as applicable, matters relating to going concern and using the going concern basis of
accounting. The financial statements are prepared using the going concern basis of accounting unless
there is an intention to liquidate the parent company or the group or cease operations, or there is no
realistic alternative but to do so.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance on whether the financial statements as a whole are
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors report that
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an
audit conducted in accordance with good auditing practice will always detect a material misstatement
when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or
in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on
the basis of the financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with good auditing practice, we exercise professional judgment and
maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due
to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain
audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not
detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error,
as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of
internal control.
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the
effectiveness of the parent company’s or the groups internal control.
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by management.
Conclude on the appropriateness of the Board of Directors’ and the Managing Director’s use of the
going concern basis of accounting and based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material
uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the parent
company’s or the group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material
uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditors report to the related disclosures
in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our
conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditors report. However,
future events or conditions may cause the parent company or the group to cease to continue as a
going concern.
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the
disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events so
that the financial statements give a true and fair view.
Plan and perform the group audit to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the
financial information of the entities or business units within the group as a basis for forming an
opinion on the group financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and
review of the audit work performed for purposes of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for
our audit opinion.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned
scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in
internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant
ethical requirements regarding independence, and communicate with them all relationships and other
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related
safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters
that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are
therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation
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Financial Statements
precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine
that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so
would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Other Reporting Requirements
Information on our audit engagement
We were first appointed as auditors by the Annual General Meeting on March 29th, 2018, and our
appointment represents a total period of uninterrupted engagement of eight years. Musti Group Plc has
been a public interest entity (PIE) since February 13th, 2020.
Other information
The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are responsible for the other information. The other
information comprises the report of the Board of Directors and the information included in the Annual
Report but does not include the financial statements and our auditors report thereon.
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other
information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears
to be materially misstated. With respect to report of the Board of Directors, our responsibility also
includes considering whether the report of the Board of Directors has been prepared in compliance
with the applicable provisions.
In our opinion, the information in the report of the Board of Directors is consistent with the
information in the financial statements and the report of the Board of Directors has been prepared in
compliance with the applicable provisions.
If, based on the work we have performed on the other information that we obtained prior to the date
of this auditor’s report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we
are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
Helsinki 30.3.2026
Ernst & Young Oy
Authorized Public Accountant Firm
Maria Onniselkä
Authorized Public Accountant
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Financial Statements
To the Board of Directors of Musti Group Plc
We have performed a reasonable assurance engagement on the financial statements must-2025-12-31-
fi.zip of Musti Group Plc (business identity code: 2659161-1) that have been prepared in accordance with
the Commissions regulatory technical standard for the financial year ended 31.12.2025.
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the Managing Director
The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are responsible for the preparation of the company’s
report of Board of Directors and financial statements (the ESEF financial statements) in such a way
that they comply with the requirements of the Commissions regulatory technical standard. This
responsibility includes:
preparing the ESEF financial statements in XHTML format in accordance with Article 3 of the
Commissions regulatory technical standard
tagging the primary financial statements, notes and company’s identification data in the
consolidated financial statements that are included in the ESEF financial statements with iXBRL tags
in accordance with Article 4 of the Commissions regulatory technical standard and
ensuring the consistency between the ESEF financial statements and the audited financial
statements.
(Translation of the Finnish original)
Independent Auditor’s Report on the ESEF
Consolidated Financial Statements of Musti
Group Plc
The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are also responsible for such internal control as
they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of ESEF financial statements in accordance the
requirements of the Commissions regulatory technical standard.
Auditor’s Independence and Quality Management
We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are applicable in
Finland and are relevant to the engagement we have performed, and we have fulfilled our other ethical
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.
The firm applies International Standard on Quality Management (ISQM) 1, which requires the firm
to design, implement and operate a system of quality management including policies or procedures
regarding compliance with ethical requirements, professional standards and applicable legal and
regulatory requirements
Auditor’s Responsibilities
Our responsibility is to, in accordance with Chapter 7, Section 8 of the Securities Markets Act, provide
assurance on the financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with the Commissions
technical regulatory standard. We express an opinion on whether the consolidated financial statements
that are included in the ESEF financial statements have been tagged, in all material respects, in
accordance with the requirements of Article 4 of the Commissions regulatory technical standard.
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Financial Statements
Our responsibility is to indicate in our opinion to what extent the assurance has been provided.
We conducted a reasonable assurance engagement in accordance with International Standard on
Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000.
The engagement includes procedures to obtain evidence on:
whether the primary financial statements in the consolidated financial statements that are included
in the ESEF financial statements have been tagged, in all material respects, with iXBRL tags in
accordance with the requirements of Article 4 of the Commissions regulatory technical standard
and
whether the notes and company’s identification data in the consolidated financial statements that
are included in the ESEF financial statements have been tagged, in all material respects, with iXBRL
tags in accordance with the requirements of Article 4 of the Commissions regulatory technical
standard and
whether there is consistency between the ESEF financial statements and the audited financial
statements.
The nature, timing and extent of the selected procedures depend on the auditor’s judgement. This
includes an assessment of the risk of material deviations due to fraud or error from the requirements of
the Commissions technical regulatory standard.
We believe that the evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for
our opinion.
Opinion
Our opinion pursuant to Chapter 7, Section 8 of the Securities Markets Act is that the primary financial
statements, notes and company’s identification data in the consolidated financial statements that are
included in the ESEF financial statements of Musti Group Plc must-2025-12-31-fi.zip for the financial
year ended 31.12.2025 have been tagged, in all material respects, in accordance with the requirements
of the Commissions regulatory technical standard.
Our opinion on the audit of the consolidated financial statements of Musti Group Plc for the financial
year ended 31.12.2025 has been expressed in our auditor’s report dated 30.3.2026. With this report we
do not express an opinion on the audit of the consolidated financial statements nor express another
assurance conclusion.
Helsinki 30.3.2026
Ernst & Young Oy
Authorized Public Accountant Firm
Maria Onniselkä
Authorized Public Accountant
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Financial Statements
To the Annual General Meeting of Musti Group Plc
We have performed a limited assurance engagement on the group sustainability statement of Musti
Group Plc (business identity code 2659161-1) that is referred to in Chapter 7 of the Accounting Act and
that is included in the report of the Board of Directors for the reporting period 1.1.–31.12.2025.
Opinion
Based on the procedures we have performed and the evidence we have obtained, nothing has come to
our attention that causes us to believe that the group sustainability statement does not comply, in all
material respects, with
1) the requirements laid down in Chapter 7 of the Accounting Act and the sustainability reporting
standards (ESRS), and
2) the requirements laid down in Article 8 of the Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament
and of the Council on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, and
amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (EU Taxonomy).
Point 1 above also contains the process in which Musti Group Plc has identified the information for
reporting in accordance with the sustainability reporting standards (double materiality assessment).
Our opinion does not cover the tagging of the group sustainability statement with digital XBRL
sustainability tags in accordance with Chapter 7, Section 22, Subsection 1(2), of the Accounting
Act, because sustainability reporting companies have not had the possibility to comply with that
requirement in the absence of requirements for the tagging of sustainability information in the ESEF
regulation or other European Union legislation.
(Translation of the Finnish original)
Assurance report on the sustainability statement
Basis for Opinion
We performed the assurance of the group sustainability statement as a limited assurance engagement
in compliance with good assurance practice in Finland and with the International Standard on
Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000 (Revised)
Assurance Engagements Other than Audits or Reviews of
Historical Financial Information
.
Our responsibilities under this standard are further described in the
Responsibilities of the Authorized
Group Sustainability Auditor
section of our report.
We believe that the evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for
our opinion.
Other Matter
We draw attention to the fact that the group sustainability statement of Musti Group Plc that is referred
to in Chapter 7 of the Accounting Act has been prepared and assurance has been provided for it for
the first time for the reporting period 1.1.–31.12.2025. Our opinion does not cover the comparative
information that has been presented in the group sustainability statement. Our opinion is not modified
in respect of this matter.
Authorized Group Sustainability Auditor’s Independence and Quality
Management
We are independent of the parent company and of the group companies in accordance with the ethical
requirements that are applicable in Finland and are relevant to our engagement, and we have fulfilled
our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.
The Authorized Group Sustainability Auditor applies International Standard on Quality Management
ISQM 1, which requires the Authorized Sustainability Audit Firm to design, implement and operate a
system of quality management including policies or procedures regarding compliance with ethical
requirements, professional standards and applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
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Financial Statements
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the Managing Director
The Board of Directors and the Managing Director of Musti Group Plc are responsible for:
the group sustainability statement and for its preparation and presentation in accordance with the
provisions of Chapter 7 of the Accounting Act, including the process that has been defined in the
sustainability reporting standards and in which the information for reporting in accordance with the
sustainability reporting standards has been identified,
the compliance of the group sustainability statement with the requirements laid down in Article 8 of
the Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of
a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088, and for
such internal control as the Board of Directors and the Managing Director determine is necessary to
enable the preparation of a group sustainability statement that is free from material misstatement,
whether due to fraud or error.
Inherent Limitations in the Preparation of a Sustainability Statement
The preparation of the group sustainability statement requires a materiality assessment from the
company in order to identify relevant disclosures. This significantly involves management judgment and
choices. Group Sustainability reporting is also characterized by the fact that reporting of this type of
information involves estimates and assumptions, as well as measurement and assessment uncertainty.
The determination of greenhouse gases is subject to inherent uncertainty due to the incomplete
scientific data used to determine the emission factors and the numerical values needed to combine
emissions of different gases.
When reporting future-related information in accordance with the ESRS standards, the company’s
management must present assumptions regarding possible future events and disclose the company’s
potential future actions related to these events, as well as prepare future-related information based
on these assumptions. The actual outcome is likely to differ, as predicted events often do not occur as
expected.
Responsibilities of the Authorized Group Sustainability Auditor
Our responsibility is to perform an assurance engagement to obtain limited assurance about whether
the group sustainability statement is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error,
and to issue a limited assurance report that includes our opinion. Misstatements can arise from fraud or
error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected
to influence the decisions of users taken on the basis of the group sustainability statement.
Compliance with the International Standard on Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000 (Revised)
requires that we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the
engagement. We also:
Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the group sustainability statement, whether
due to fraud or error, and obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the engagement
in order to design assurance procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the parent company’s or the group’s
internal control.
Design and perform assurance procedures responsive to those risks to obtain evidence that is
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material
misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve
collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
Description of the Procedures That Have Been Performed
The procedures performed in a limited assurance engagement vary in nature and timing from, and are
less in extent than for, a reasonable assurance engagement. The nature, timing and extent of assurance
procedures selected depend on professional judgment, including the assessment of risks of material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Consequently, the level of assurance obtained in a limited
assurance engagement is substantially lower than the assurance that would have been obtained had a
reasonable assurance engagement been performed.
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Financial Statements
Our procedures included for ex. the following:
We have interviewed the management of group as well as key personnel responsible for collecting
and reporting of the information included in the group sustainability statement.
Through interviews, we gained an understanding of the group’s control environment related to the
group sustainability reporting process.
We evaluated the implementation of the company’s double materiality assessment process in
relation to the requirements of the ESRS standards, as well as whether the information provided
from the double materiality assessment is in material respects in accordance with the ESRS
standards.
We assessed whether the group sustainability statement in material respects meets the
requirements of the ESRS standards regarding material sustainability topics:
We have tested the accuracy of the information presented in the group sustainability statement
by comparing the information on a sample basis to the documentation and records prepared
by the company and assessed whether they support the information included in the group
sustainability statement.
We have on a sample basis performed analytical assurance procedures and related inquiries,
recalculations and inspected documentation, as well as tested data aggregation to assess the
accuracy of the group sustainability statement.
Regarding EU Taxonomy data, we gained an understanding of the process by which a company
has defined taxonomy-eligible and taxonomy-aligned economic activities, and we assessed the
compliance of the information provided.
Helsinki 30.3.2026
Ernst & Young Oy
Authorized Sustainability Audit Firm
Maria Onniselkä
Authorized Sustainability Auditor
Musti Group
Mäkitorpantie 3B
00620 Helsinki
Finland
www.mustigroup.com
Our annual report is available in electronic form and published annually.
To reduce the use of printing materials, the report is available only in
digital format.
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