2024 | 2023 | ||
Note | £000 | £000 | |
Revenue | 3 | ||
Cost of sales | ( | ( | |
Gross profit | |||
Other income | 6 | ||
Distribution costs | ( | ( | |
Administrative expenses | ( | ( | |
Other expenses | 6 | ( | ( |
Operating profit | 3 | ||
Finance income | 8 | ||
Finance expense | 8 | ( | ( |
Profit before tax | 9 | ||
Income tax expense | 10 | ( | ( |
Profit for the year | |||
| Attributable to: | |||
Owners of the parent | |||
Non-controlling interests | |||
Basic earnings per share | 19 | ||
Diluted earnings per share | 19 | ||
Operating profit | 3 | ||
| Adjustments to profit: | |||
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets | 5 | ||
Defined benefit scheme settlement loss | 5 | ||
Other adjustments | 5 | ||
Adjusted operating profit | 2,3 | ||
Adjusted basic earnings per share | 2,19 | ||
Adjusted diluted earnings per share | 2,19 |
2024 | 2023 | |
£000 | £000 | |
Profit for the year | ||
| Other comprehensive income | ||
| Items that may be subsequently reclassified to the income statement: | ||
Foreign exchange translation differences | ( | ( |
Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges net of tax | ( | |
( | ( | |
| Items that may not be subsequently reclassified to the income statement: | ||
Remeasurement gain/(loss) in pension scheme net of tax | ( | |
Expenses and income recognised in other comprehensive income | ( | ( |
Total comprehensive income for the year | ||
| Attributable to: | ||
Owners of the parent | ||
Non-controlling interests | ||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||
| Note | £000 | £000 | |
| Non-current assets | |||
Goodwill | 11 | ||
Intangible assets | 12 | ||
Property, plant and equipment | 13 | ||
Derivative financial instruments | 24 | ||
Defined benefit scheme surplus | 26 | ||
Deferred tax assets | 14 | ||
Total non-current assets | |||
| Current assets | |||
Inventories | 15 | ||
Trade receivables | 16 | ||
Current tax | 16 | ||
Derivative financial instruments | 24 | ||
Other receivables | 16 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | 17 | ||
Total current assets | |||
Total assets | |||
| Current liabilities | |||
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings | 20 | ||
Trade payables | 23 | ||
Employee benefits | 21 | ||
Current tax | 23 | ||
Derivative financial instruments | 24 | ||
Other payables | 23 | ||
Provisions | 22 | ||
Total current liabilities | |||
| Non-current liabilities | |||
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings | 20 | ||
Employee benefits | 21 | ||
Deferred tax liabilities | 14 | ||
Derivative financial instruments | 24 | ||
Provisions | 22 | ||
Total non-current liabilities | |||
Total liabilities | |||
Net assets |
| 2024 | 2023 | ||
| Note | £000 | £000 | |
| Equity | |||
Issued equity capital | 18 | ||
Share premium | |||
Other reserves | |||
Retained earnings | |||
Equity attributable to the parent | |||
Non-controlling interests | |||
Total equity |
| Total | |||||||||
| Issued | Capital | attributable | Non- | ||||||
| equity | Share | Translation | redemption | Hedging | Retained | to owners of | controlling | ||
| capital | premium | reserve | reserve | reserve | earnings | the parent | interests | Total | |
£000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | |
Balance at 31 December 2022 | ( | ||||||||
Profit for the year | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | |||||||||
Foreign exchange translation differences | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||
Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges | |||||||||
Actuarial loss on defined benefit pension plans | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Tax on other comprehensive (loss)/income | ( | ||||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss)/income | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||
Total comprehensive (loss)/income | ( | ||||||||
| Transactions with owners, recorded directly in equity | |||||||||
Equity settled share-based payment transactions | |||||||||
Tax on equity settled share-based payment transactions | |||||||||
Share options exercised by employees | |||||||||
Own ordinary shares acquired | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Own ordinary shares awarded under share schemes | |||||||||
Dividends paid on ordinary shares | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Balance at 31 December 2023 |
| Total | |||||||||
| Issued | Capital | attributable | Non- | ||||||
| equity | Share | Translation | redemption | Hedging | Retained | to owners of | controlling | ||
| capital | premium | reserve | reserve | reserve | earnings | the parent | interests | Total | |
£000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | |
Balance at 31 December 2023 | |||||||||
Profit for the year | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | |||||||||
Foreign exchange translation differences | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Actuarial gain on defined benefit pension plans | |||||||||
Tax on other comprehensive income/(loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss)/income | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||
Total comprehensive (loss)/income | ( | ( | |||||||
| Transactions with owners, recorded directly in equity | |||||||||
Equity settled share-based payment transactions | |||||||||
Tax on equity settled share-based payment transactions | |||||||||
Share options exercised by employees | |||||||||
Own ordinary shares acquired | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Own ordinary shares awarded under share schemes | |||||||||
Share buyback programme | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||
Dividends paid on ordinary shares | ( | ( | ( | ||||||
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests | ( | ( | |||||||
Balance at | ( |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | ||
| Note | £000 | £000 | £000 | £000 | |
| Cash flows from operating activities | |||||
Cash generated from operations | 25 | ||||
Operating cash flow impacts of other adjustments | 5 | ( | ( | ||
Difference between pension charge and cash contribution | ( | ( | |||
Income taxes paid | ( | ( | |||
Net cash flows from operating activities | |||||
| Cash flows from investing activities | |||||
Purchase of property, plant and equipment | ( | ( | |||
Purchase of intangible assets | ( | ( | |||
Product development costs capitalised | ( | ( | |||
Sale of property, plant and equipment | |||||
Acquisition of business (net of cash acquired) | 4 | ( | |||
Settlement of hedging derivatives | |||||
Interest received | |||||
Net cash flows from investing activities | ( | ( | |||
| Cash flows from financing activities | |||||
Issue of ordinary share capital | |||||
Own ordinary shares acquired | ( | ( | |||
Interest paid | ( | ( | |||
Repayment of lease liabilities | ( | ( | |||
Share buyback programme | ( | ||||
Dividends paid on ordinary shares | ( | ( | |||
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests | ( | ||||
Net cash flows from financing activities | ( | ( | |||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January | |||||
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held | ( | ( | |||
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December | 17 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Profit before tax | 140,461 | 150,638 |
| Adjustments: | ||
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets | 2,604 | 2,110 |
Defined benefit scheme settlement loss | 18,009 | — |
Gain on disposal of property | — | (723) |
Business Transformation costs | 17,214 | 13,097 |
Other costs | 4,720 | 1,224 |
Adjusted profit before tax | 183,008 | 166,346 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 103,585 | 113,4 88 |
| Adjustments: | ||
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets | 2,604 | 2,110 |
Defined benefit scheme settlement loss | 18,009 | — |
Gain on disposal of property | — | (723) |
Business Transformation costs | 17,214 | 13,097 |
Other costs | 4,720 | 1,224 |
Tax effect on adjusted items | (10,526) | (3,567) |
Adjusted net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 135,606 | 125,629 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Adjusted operating profit | 178,406 | 164,475 |
| Capital employed | ||
Net assets | 598,502 | 622,295 |
Cash and cash equivalents | (149,983) | (146,372) |
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings | 24,649 | 11,957 |
Pension deficit/(surplus) net of deferred tax | 2,686 | (6,904) |
Capital employed | 475,854 | 480,976 |
Average capital employed | 478,415 | 485,507 |
Return on capital employed | 37.3% | 33.9% |
| Foreign | Organic constant | ||||
| 2023 | exchange | Acquisitions | currency | 2024 | |
Revenue | 719,150 | (24,110) | 2,209 | 57,179 | 754,428 |
Cost of sales | (380,054) | 13,463 | (895) | (15,008) | (382,494) |
Gross profit | 339,096 | (10,647) | 1,314 | 42,171 | 371,934 |
Overheads | (174,621) | 3,526 | (383) | (22,050) | (193,528) |
Adjusted operating profit | 164,475 | (7,121) | 931 | 20,121 | 178,406 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Cash generated from operations (note 25) | 212,738 | 197,843 |
Adjusted operating profit (note 5) | 178,406 | 164,475 |
Cash conversion | 119% | 120% |
| Chemical, | |||||
| Process & | Water & | Corporate | |||
| Oil & Gas | Industrial | Power | expenses | Group | |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2024 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Revenue from external customers | 355,506 | 205,028 | 193,894 | — | 754,428 |
| Segment result/Adjusted | |||||
operating profit* | 91,983 | 52,987 | 56,359 | (22,923) | 178,406 |
Adjusting items | (42,547) | ||||
Operating profit | 135,859 | ||||
Net finance income | 4,602 | ||||
Income tax expense | (35,663) | ||||
Profit for the year | 104,798 |
| Chemical, | |||||
| Process & | Water & | Corporate | |||
| Oil & Gas | Industrial | Power | expenses | Group | |
| 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | |
Revenue from external customers | 328,391 | 213,712 | 177,047 | — | 719,150 |
| Segment result/Adjusted | |||||
operating profit* | 83,627 | 51,253 | 46,445 | (16,850) | 164,475 |
Adjusting items | (15,708) | ||||
Operating profit | 148,767 | ||||
Net finance income | 1,871 | ||||
Income tax expense | (37,150) | ||||
Profit for the year | 113,4 88 |
| Chemical, | ||||
| Process & | Water & | |||
| Oil & Gas | Industrial | Power | Group | |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2024 | 2024 | |
Depreciation | 6,489 | 3,782 | 4,021 | 14,292 |
Amortisation of development costs | 1,283 | 748 | 794 | 2,825 |
| Chemical, | ||||
| Process & | Water & | |||
| Oil & Gas | Industrial | Power | Group | |
| 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | |
Depreciation | 6,180 | 4,022 | 3,331 | 13,533 |
Amortisation of development costs | 774 | 504 | 417 | 1,695 |
Revenue by end destination | 2024 | 2023 | |
UK | 54,594 | 48,124 | |
Other EMEA | 233,935 | 212,689 | |
Total EMEA | 288,529 | 260,813 | |
China | 112,478 | 111,28 | 4 |
India | 49,242 | 40,925 | |
Other APAC | 93,555 | 105,290 | |
Total APAC | 255,275 | 257,499 | |
USA | 143,523 | 132,840 | |
Other Americas | 67,101 | 67,998 | |
Total Americas | 210,624 | 200,838 | |
754,428 | 719,150 |
| Fair value | |
| Non-current assets | |
Property, plant and equipment | 13 |
Intangible assets | 9,379 |
| Current assets | |
Inventory | 695 |
Trade and other receivables | 45 |
Cash | 2,708 |
| Current liabilities | |
Trade and other payables | (96) |
| Non-current liabilities | |
Deferred tax liability | (2,485) |
Total net identifiable assets | 10,259 |
Goodwill | 10,848 |
| Cash movements in respect of acquisitions | |
Purchase consideration – paid in cash | 21,107 |
Cash held in acquired subsidiary | (2,708) |
| 18,399 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets | (2,604) | (2,110) |
Defined benefit scheme settlement loss | (18,009) | — |
Gain on disposal of property | — | 723 |
Business Transformation costs | (17,214) | (13,097) |
Other costs | (4,720) | (1,224) |
Other adjustments | (21,934) | (13,598) |
Total adjusting items | (42,547) | (15,708) |
2024 | 2023 | |
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment | 161 | 684 |
Other | 1,572 | 721 |
Other income | 1,733 | 1,405 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment | (64) | (342) |
Other | (179) | (448) |
Other expenses | (243) | (790) |
2024 | 2023 | |
Wages and salaries (including bonus and incentive plans) | 164,323 | 152,679 |
Social security costs | 22,657 | 21,514 |
Pension costs (note 26) | 8,343 | 7,392 |
Share-based payments (note 27) | 6,664 | 5,670 |
Increase/(decrease) in liability for long term service leave | 303 | (352) |
202,290 | 186,903 |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Average monthly number of employees during the year: | ||
UK | 972 | 901 |
Overseas | 2,468 | 2,390 |
3,291 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Interest income | 4,391 | 4,203 |
Net interest income on pension scheme liabilities (note 26) | 215 | 352 |
Foreign exchange gains | 2,717 | 746 |
Finance income | 7,323 | 5,301 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Interest expense | (1,480) | (807) |
Interest expense on lease liabilities (note 29) | (761) | (495) |
Foreign exchange losses | (480) | (2,128) |
Finance expense | (2,721) | (3,430) |
2024 | 2023 | |
Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges | 721 | 797 |
Fair value of cash flow hedges transferred to income statement | (797) | 1,044 |
Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations | (12,915) | (20,271) |
(12,991) | (18,430) | |
| Recognised in: | ||
Hedging reserve | (76) | 1,841 |
Translation reserve | (12,915) | (20,271) |
(12,991) | (18,430) |
Notes | 2024 | 2023 | |
| Depreciation of property, plant and equipment: | |||
– Owned assets | i | 9,389 | 9,385 |
– Assets held under lease contracts | i | 4,903 | 4,148 |
| Amortisation: | |||
– Acquired intangible assets | iii | 2,604 | 2,110 |
– Product development costs | iii | 1,928 | 1,409 |
– Software | iii | 789 | 657 |
Impairment of development cost assets | iii | 897 | 286 |
Inventory write downs recognised in the year | ii | 5,992 | 2,310 |
Product research and development expenditure | iii | 9,091 | 10,468 |
Exchange differences realised | iv | (851) | 1,382 |
| Fees payable to the Group’s auditor and their associates for*: | |||
– For the audit of the Group’s annual accounts | 1,443 | 1,338 | |
– For the audit of the Group’s subsidiaries | 257 | 106 | |
Total audit fees | 1,700 | 1,444 | |
– Audit related assurance services | 81 | 70 | |
Total non-audit fees | 81 | 70 | |
Total fees | 1,781 | 1,514 |
2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | |
| Current tax | ||||
UK corporation tax on profits for the year | 6,658 | 4,865 | ||
Adjustment in respect of prior years | 486 | 435 | ||
7,144 | 5,300 | |||
Overseas tax on profits for the year | 37,459 | 32,091 | ||
Adjustment in respect of prior years | (1,940) | 146 | ||
35,519 | 32,237 | |||
Total current tax | 42,663 | 37,537 | ||
| Deferred tax | ||||
| Origination and reversal of other temporary | ||||
differences | (6,303) | 1,187 | ||
Impact of rate change | (71) | (591) | ||
Adjustment in respect of prior years | (626) | (983) | ||
Total deferred tax | (7,000) | (387) | ||
Total tax charge for year | 35,663 | 37,150 | ||
Profit before tax | 140,461 | 150,638 | ||
| Profit before tax multiplied by the blended standard rate | ||||
of corporation tax in the UK of 25.0% (2023: 23.5%) | 35,115 | 35,400 | ||
| Effects of: | ||||
Different tax rates on overseas earnings | (177) | 2,131 | ||
Irrecoverable withholding tax on dividends | 3,777 | 2,421 | ||
Permanent differences | 695 | (118) | ||
Losses not recognised | 126 | 166 | ||
Tax incentives | (1,722) | (1,587) | ||
Impact of rate change | (71) | (861) | ||
Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior years | (2,080) | (402) | ||
Total tax charge for year | 35,663 | 37,150 | ||
Effective tax rate | 25.4% | 24.7% |
2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | |
Adjusted profit before tax (note 2b) | 183,008 | 166,346 | ||
Total tax charge for the year | 35,663 | 37,150 | ||
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets | 549 | 286 | ||
Defined benefit scheme settlement loss | 4,502 | — | ||
Business Transformation costs | 4,357 | 3,220 | ||
Other adjustments (note 5) | 1,118 | 61 | ||
Adjusted total tax charge for the year | 46,189 | 40,717 | ||
Adjusted effective tax rate | 25.2% | 24.5% |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Cost | ||
At 1 January | 253,397 | 249,791 |
Acquisition through business combinations (note 4) | — | 10,848 |
Exchange adjustments | (7,032) | (7,242) |
At 31 December | 246,365 | 253,397 |
| Provision for impairment | ||
At 1 January | 21,694 | 21,786 |
Exchange adjustments | (122) | (92) |
At 31 December | 21,572 | 21,694 |
Net book value | 224,793 | 231,703 |
Discount rate | Discount rate | |||
Cash generating unit | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 |
Oil & Gas | 11.5% | 13.5% | 88,864 | 92,326 |
Chemical, Process & Industrial | 11.6% | 13.7% | 119,113 | 120,799 |
Water & Power | 11.6% | 13.7% | 16,816 | 18,578 |
Total Group | 224,793 | 231,703 |
| Product | Acquired intangible assets | |||||
| development | Customer | |||||
| Software | costs | Brands | relationships | Other | Total | |
| Cost | ||||||
31 December 2022 | 11,690 | 26,238 | 52,892 | 119,395 | 22,243 | 232,458 |
Additions | 2,089 | 3,394 | — | — | — | 5,483 |
| Acquisition through business | ||||||
combinations | — | — | — | 1,938 | 7,4 41 | 9,379 |
Exchange adjustments | — | (106) | (1,703) | (3,484) | (454) | (5,747) |
31 December 2023 | 13,779 | 29,526 | 51,189 | 117,8 49 | 29,230 | 241,573 |
Additions | 2,729 | 4,329 | — | — | — | 7,058 |
Exchange adjustments | — | (59) | (963) | (3,081) | (1,147) | (5,250) |
31 December 2024 | 16,508 | 33,796 | 50,226 | 114,768 | 28,083 | 243,381 |
| Amortisation | ||||||
31 December 2022 | — | 19,930 | 50,564 | 119,142 | 22,243 | 211,879 |
Charge for the year | 657 | 1,409 | 1,186 | 378 | 546 | 4,176 |
Impairment | — | 286 | — | — | — | 286 |
Exchange adjustments | — | (105) | (1,672) | (3,537) | (580) | (5,894) |
31 December 2023 | 657 | 21,520 | 50,078 | 115,983 | 22,209 | 210,447 |
Charge for the year | 789 | 1,928 | 1,111 | 237 | 1,256 | 5,321 |
Impairment | — | 897 | — | — | — | 897 |
Exchange adjustments | — | (52) | (963) | (2,957) | (741) | (4,713) |
31 December 2024 | 1,446 | 24,293 | 50,226 | 113,263 | 22,724 | 211,952 |
| Net book value | ||||||
31 December 2023 | 13,122 | 8,006 | 1,111 | 1,866 | 7,021 | 31,126 |
31 December 2024 | 15,062 | 9,503 | — | 1,505 | 5,359 | 31,429 |
| Land and | Plant and | ||
| buildings | equipment | Total | |
| Cost | |||
31 December 2022 | 85,451 | 130,178 | 215,629 |
Additions | 5,715 | 8,735 | 14,450 |
Disposals | (1,704) | (9,525) | (11,229) |
Acquisition through business combinations | — | 13 | 13 |
Exchange adjustments | (5,992) | (5,850) | (11,842) |
31 December 2023 | 83,470 | 123,551 | 207,021 |
Additions | 15,486 | 16,304 | 31,790 |
Disposals | (2,835) | (3,689) | (6,524) |
Transfers | (2,026) | 2,026 | — |
Exchange adjustments | (4,506) | (6,927) | (11,433) |
31 December 2024 | 89,589 | 131,265 | 220,854 |
| Depreciation | |||
31 December 2022 | 34,066 | 102,837 | 136,903 |
Charge for the year | 4,508 | 9,025 | 13,533 |
Disposals | (1,243) | (9,116) | (10,359) |
Exchange adjustments | (4,228) | (3,239) | (7,467) |
31 December 2023 | 33,103 | 99,507 | 132,610 |
Charge for the year | 5,028 | 9,264 | 14,292 |
Disposals | (2,835) | (3,570) | (6,405) |
Exchange adjustments | (3,166) | (6,779) | (9,945) |
31 December 2024 | 32,130 | 98,422 | 130,552 |
| Net book value | |||
31 December 2023 | 50,367 | 24,044 | 74,411 |
31 December 2024 | 57,459 | 32,843 | 90,302 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Land | 5,474 | 5,820 |
Buildings | 51,985 | 44,547 |
Net book value at 31 December | 57,459 | 50,367 |
Assets | Liabilities | Net | Assets | Liabilities | Net | |
2024 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | 2023 | |
Property, plant and equipment | 3,803 | (1,900) | 1,903 | 1,942 | (1,530) | 412 |
Intangible assets | 5,933 | (5,401) | 532 | 3,111 | (4,187) | (1,076) |
Employee benefits | 5,695 | (50) | 5,645 | 3,170 | — | 3,170 |
Inventory | 6,810 | (100) | 6,710 | 5,709 | — | 5,709 |
Tax losses | 1,707 | — | 1,707 | 1,646 | — | 1,646 |
Other items | 3,315 | (1,765) | 1,550 | 3,577 | (1,856) | 1,721 |
Net tax assets/(liabilities) | 27,263 | (9,216) | 18,047 | 19,155 | (7,573) | 11,582 |
Set off of tax | (5,179) | 5,179 | — | (3,701) | 3,701 | — |
22,084 | (4,037) | 18,047 | 15,454 | (3,872) | 11,582 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Balance at 1 January | 11,582 | 11,937 |
Credited/(charged) to the income statement | 6,929 | (204) |
Credited directly to equity in respect of share-based payments | 9 | 43 |
Impact of rate change | 71 | 591 |
(Charged)/credited directly to equity in respect of pension schemes | (359) | 2,153 |
Credited/(charged) directly to hedging reserves in respect of cash flow hedges | 19 | (445) |
Acquired as part of business combinations | — | (2,527) |
Exchange differences | (204) | 34 |
Balance at 31 December | 18,047 | 11,582 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Raw materials and consumables | 64,180 | 67,381 |
Work in progress | 3,135 | 5,687 |
Finished goods | 16,049 | 10,895 |
83,364 | 83,963 |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Current assets | ||
Trade receivables | 153,501 | 154,870 |
Allowance for expected credit loss | (4,022) | (2,028) |
Trade receivables – net | 149,479 | 152,842 |
Current tax | 4,164 | 4,187 |
Other non-trade receivables | 6,406 | 6,683 |
Other taxes and social security | 8,175 | 10,323 |
Prepayments | 9,258 | 6,695 |
Other receivables | 23,839 | 23,701 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Bank balances | 70,290 | 78,617 |
Cash in hand | 12 | 12 |
Short term deposits | 79,681 | 67,743 |
Cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated statement of cash flows | 149,983 | 146,372 |
| 0.5p Ordinary | £1 Non- | 0.5p Ordinary | £1 Non- | |
| shares issued | redeemable | shares issued | redeemable | |
| and fully | preference | and fully | preference | |
| paid up | shares | paid up | shares | |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | |
At 1 January | 4,306 | 40 | 4,304 | 40 |
Issued under employee share schemes | 2 | — | 2 | — |
Cancelled following share buyback programme | (76) | — | — | — |
At 31 December | 4,232 | 40 | 4,306 | 40 |
Number of shares (000) | 846,381 | 861,201 |
| Payment date | |||
2024 | 2024 | 2023 | |
| 4.65p final dividend for 2023 (final dividend | |||
for 2022: 4.30p) | 24 May | 39,881 | 36,926 |
| 2.75p interim dividend for 2024 | |||
(interim dividend for 2023: 2.55p) | 23 September | 23,384 | 21,894 |
63,265 | 58,820 |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Final proposed dividend per qualifying ordinary share | ||
42,133 | — | |
— | 40,046 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 103,585 | 113,488 |
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares | ||
Issued ordinary shares net of own shares held at 1 January | 859,636 | 858,940 |
Effect of own shares held | 82 | 198 |
Effect of share buyback programme | (6,174) | — |
Effect of shares issued under Sharesave plans | 102 | 122 |
Weighted average number of ordinary shares during the year | 853,646 | 859,260 |
Basic earnings per share | 12.1p | 13.2p |
2024 | 2023 | |
Adjusted net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 135,606 | 125,629 |
Weighted average number of ordinary shares during the year | 853,646 | 859,260 |
Adjusted basic earnings per share | 15.9p | 14.6p |
2024 | 2023 | |
Net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 103,585 | 113,488 |
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) | ||
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the year | 853,646 | 859,260 |
Effect of Sharesave options | 798 | 730 |
Effect of LTIP share awards | 2,549 | 2,398 |
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) during the year | 856,993 | 862,388 |
Diluted earnings per share | 12.1p | 13.2p |
2024 | 2023 | |
Adjusted net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 135,606 | 125,629 |
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) during the year | 856,993 | 862,388 |
Adjusted diluted earnings per share | 15.8p | 14.6p |
Notes | 2024 | 2023 | |
| Non-current liabilities | |||
Preference shares classified as debt | 40 | 40 | |
Lease liabilities | 29 | 20,280 | 8,786 |
20,320 | 8,826 | ||
| Current liabilities | |||
Lease liabilities | 29 | 4,329 | 3,131 |
4,329 | 3,131 | ||
Total interest-bearing loans and borrowings | 24,649 | 11,957 |
| Interest | Year of | ||||
| Currency | rates | maturity | 2024 | 2023 | |
Non-redeemable preference shares | Sterling | 9.5% | — | 40 | 40 |
40 | 40 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Recognised liability for defined benefit obligations (note 26) | 3,618 | — |
Other pension scheme liabilities | 153 | 673 |
Employee bonuses | 24,773 | 25,497 |
Employee indemnity provision | 1,884 | 2,016 |
Other employee benefits | 6,417 | 5,765 |
36,845 | 33,951 | |
Non-current | 7,699 | 4,197 |
Current | 29,146 | 29,754 |
36,845 | 33,951 |
| Warranty | Other | ||
| provision | provisions | Total | |
Balance at | 4,465 | 1,181 | 5,646 |
Exchange differences | (99) | (1) | (100) |
Charge to the income statement | 731 | 752 | 1,483 |
Provisions utilised during the year | (559) | (272) | (831) |
Balance at 31 December 2024 | 4,538 | 1,660 | 6,198 |
| Maturity at 31 December 2024 | |||
Non-current | 1,441 | — | 1,441 |
Current | 3,097 | 1,660 | 4,757 |
4,538 | 1,660 | 6,198 | |
| Maturity at 31 December 2023 | |||
Non-current | 1,371 | — | 1,371 |
Current | 3,094 | 1,181 | 4,275 |
4,465 | 1,181 | 5,646 |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Current liabilities | ||
Trade payables | 43,838 | 40,585 |
Current tax | 15,982 | 12,387 |
Other taxes and social security | 8,801 | 8,906 |
Contract liabilities | 7,715 | 9,142 |
Other non-trade payables and accrued expenses | 33,473 | 24,488 |
Other payables | 49,989 | 42,536 |
| Assets | Liabilities | Assets | Liabilities | |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | |
Forward foreign exchange contracts – cash flow hedges | 1,049 | 303 | 879 | 81 |
Foreign exchange swaps – cash flow hedges | — | 143 | — | 472 |
Total | 1,049 | 446 | 879 | 553 |
| Less non-current portion: | ||||
Forward foreign exchange contracts – cash flow hedges | 120 | 84 | 206 | 15 |
Current portion | 929 | 362 | 673 | 538 |
Note | 2024 | 2023 | ||
Profit for the year | 104,798 | 113,48 | 8 | |
Income tax expense | 10 | 35,663 | 37,150 | |
Finance income | 8 | (7,323) | (5,301) | |
Finance expense | 8 | 2,721 | 3,430 | |
Operating profit | 135,859 | 148,767 | ||
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets | 2,604 | 2,110 | ||
Defined benefit scheme settlement loss | 5 | 18,009 | — | |
Other adjustments | 5 | 21,934 | 13,598 | |
Depreciation | 13 | 14,292 | 13,533 | |
Amortisation and impairment of development costs | 12 | 3,614 | 2,352 | |
Equity settled share-based payments | 27 | 6,664 | 5,670 | |
Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment | (109) | (342) | ||
Increase in provisions | 922 | 216 | ||
| Cash generated from operations before working | ||||
capital cash flows | 203,789 | 185,904 | ||
(Increase)/decrease in inventories | (1,437) | 5,490 | ||
Increase in trade and other receivables | (1,064) | (10,488) | ||
Increase in trade and other payables | 12,017 | 1,399 | ||
(Decrease)/increase in employee benefits | (567) | 15,538 | ||
Cash generated from operations | 212,738 | 197,843 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Liabilities at 1 January | 146,222 | 144,381 |
Interest cost | 6,637 | 6,704 |
Benefits paid | (7,782) | (7,414) |
Actuarial (gain)/loss | (15,771) | 3,558 |
Past service cost | 519 | — |
Currency loss/(gain) | 291 | (1,007) |
Liabilities at 31 December | 130,116 | 146,222 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Assets at 1 January | 155,366 | 136,375 |
Interest income on plan assets | 6,852 | 7,056 |
Employer contributions | 4,129 | 26,475 |
Benefits paid | (7,782) | (7,414) |
Return on plan assets, excluding interest income on plan assets | (14,849) | (6,317) |
Settlement loss on assets | (17,490) | — |
Currency gain/(loss) | 272 | (809) |
Assets at 31 December | 126,498 | 155,366 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Net interest income | (215) | (352) |
Past service cost | 519 | — |
Settlement loss on assets | 17,490 | — |
17,794 | (352) |
2024 | 2023 | |
Net finance expense | (215) | (352) |
Administrative expenses | 18,009 | — |
17,794 | (352) |
2024 | 2023 | |
Experience adjustments on plan assets | (14,849) | (6,317) |
Experience adjustments on plan liabilities | (336) | (2,681) |
Actuarial gain/(loss) from changes to financial assumptions | 15,901 | (3,180) |
Actuarial gain from changes to demographic assumptions | 207 | 2,303 |
Experience adjustments on currency | (20) | 198 |
903 | (9,677) |
2024 | 2023 | |
Net defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the year | (9,144) | 8,006 |
Net financing expense | (215) | (352) |
Past service cost | 519 | — |
Settlement loss on assets | 17,490 | — |
Remeasurements over the year | (903) | 9,677 |
Employer contributions | (4,129) | (26,475) |
3,618 | (9,144) |
| UK scheme | US scheme | Weighted average | ||||
| (% per annum) | (% per annum) | (% per annum) | ||||
2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |
Discount rate | 5.50 | 4.55 | 5.44 | 4.77 | 5.49 | 4.58 |
Rate of increase in salaries | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Rate of increase in pensions | ||||||
(post May 2000) | 3.00 | 2.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.59 | 2.50 |
| Rate of increase in pensions | ||||||
(pre May 2000) | 4.60 | 4.60 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.97 | 4.00 |
UK rate of inflation | 3.10 | 3.00 | n/a | n/a | 3.10 | 3.00 |
| Fair value | Fair value | |
| 2024 | 2023 | |
Equities | — | 7,825 |
Property | 433 | 839 |
Multi-asset credit (quoted) | (15) | 3,770 |
LDI/absolute return bonds/cash | 1,412 | 53,690 |
Value of Aviva bulk annuities | 111,517 | 74,049 |
Balancing premium for second bulk annuity | (3,025) | — |
US deposit administration contract | 16,176 | 15,193 |
Total | 126,498 | 155,366 |
Actual return on Schemes’ assets (excluding settlement loss) | (7,997) | 739 |
2024 | Life expectancy at age 65 | 2023 | Life expectancy at age 65 | |
Current age | Male | Female | Male | Female |
65 | 22.7 | 23.5 | 22.7 | 23.4 |
45 | 24.0 | 24.9 | 24.0 | 24.8 |
| Approximate effect on liabilities | ||
Adjustments to assumptions | 2024 | 2023 |
| Discount rate | ||
Plus 1.0% p.a. | (16,000) | (20,700) |
Minus 1.0% p.a. | 18,600 | 24,500 |
| Inflation | ||
Plus 0.5% p.a. | 5,600 | 6,700 |
Minus 0.5% p.a. | (5,300) | (6,400) |
| Life expectancy | ||
Increase of one year in assumed life expectancy | 5,000 | 5,100 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Sharesave plan (a) | 604 | 539 |
Long Term Incentive Plan (b) | 3,193 | 2,533 |
GESP/SIP profit-linked share scheme (c) | 2,867 | 2,598 |
Total expense recognised as employee costs (note 7) | 6,664 | 5,670 |
3 year scheme | 5 year scheme | |||
2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |
Grant date | 4 October | 6 October | 4 October | 6 October |
Share price at grant date | 330p | 304p | 330p | 304p |
Exercise price | 254p | 243p | 254p | 243p |
Shares granted under scheme | 422,120 | 407,482 | 170,027 | 115,093 |
Vesting period | 3 years | 3 years | 5 years | 5 years |
Expected volatility | 29.4% | 31.1% | 29.4% | 31.1% |
Risk free rate | 3.88% | 4.48% | 3.87% | 4.40% |
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield | 2.24% | 2.26% | 2.24% | 2.26% |
Probability of ceasing employment before vesting | 2.00% | 2.00% | 2.00% | 2.00% |
Fair value | 105p | 97p | 117p | 109p |
2024 | 2023 | |||
| Average option | Average option | |||
price per share | Options | price per share | Options | |
At 1 January | 221p | 2,460,589 | 220p | 2,538,426 |
Granted | 254p | 592,147 | 243p | 522,575 |
Exercised | 261p | (321,324) | 243p | (429,946) |
Forfeited | 226p | (207,306) | 229p | (170,466) |
At 31 December | 223p | 2,524,106 | 221p | 2,460,589 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Grant date | 21 March | 24 March |
Share price at grant date | 333p | 307p |
Shares granted under scheme | 1,651,166 | 1,543,337 |
Vesting period | 3 years | 3 years |
Expected volatility | 26.0% | 28.4% |
Risk free rate | 4.0% | 3.3% |
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Probability of ceasing employment before vesting | 5% p.a. | 5% p.a. |
Fair value of awards under TSR performance conditions | 170p | 190p |
Fair value of awards under EPS and ROIC performance conditions | 333p | 307p |
| Outstanding | Granted | Vested | Outstanding | |||
| at start of year | during year | during year | Lapsed | at end of year | ||
2021 | Award | 810,872 | — | (110,5 45) | (700,327) | — |
2022 | Award | 1,211,676 | — | — | (94,599) | 1,117,077 |
2023 | Award | 1,543,337 | — | — | (153,292) | 1,390,045 |
2024 | Award | — | 1,651,166 | — | (34,876) | 1,616,290 |
3,565,885 | 1,651,166 | (110,545) | (983,094) | 4,123,412 |
| Carrying amount | ||
2024 | 2023 | |
Trade receivables | 149,479 | 152,842 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 149,983 | 146,372 |
299,462 | 299,214 |
| Carrying amount | ||
2024 | 2023 | |
Sterling | 18,738 | 23,613 |
US dollar | 39,076 | 30,291 |
Euro | 41,558 | 46,378 |
Other | 50,107 | 52,560 |
149,479 | 152,842 |
| Gross | Provision | Gross | Provision | |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | |
Not past due | 122,311 | — | 118,229 | — |
Past due 0–30 days | 19,261 | — | 23,077 | (32) |
Past due 31–60 days | 5,339 | (121) | 6,684 | (96) |
Past due 61–90 days | 1,800 | (67) | 2,084 | (106) |
Past due more than 91 days | 4,791 | (3,835) | 4,796 | (1,794) |
153,502 | (4,023) | 154,870 | (2,028) |
| Analysis of contractual cash flow maturities | ||||||
| Carrying | Contractual | Less than | More than | |||
| 31 December 2024 | amount | cash flows | 12 months | 1–2 years | 2–5 years | 5 years |
Lease liabilities | 24,609 | 28,795 | 5,212 | 4,613 | 6,846 | 12,124 |
| Trade and other payables | ||||||
and accrued expenses | 77,311 | 77,311 | 77,311 | — | — | — |
Foreign exchange contracts | 446 | 446 | 362 | 84 | — | — |
Non-redeemable preference shares | 40 | 40 | — | — | — | 40 |
102,406 | 106,592 | 82,885 | 4,697 | 6,846 | 12,164 |
| Analysis of contractual cash flow maturities | ||||||
| Carrying | Contractual | Less than | More than | |||
| 31 December 2023 | amount | cash flows | 12 months | 1–2 years | 2–5 years | 5 years |
Lease liabilities | 11,917 | 13,220 | 3,604 | 3,134 | 5,367 | 1,115 |
| Trade and other payables | ||||||
and accrued expenses | 65,073 | 65,073 | 65,073 | — | — | — |
Foreign exchange contracts | 553 | 553 | 538 | 15 | — | — |
Non-redeemable preference shares | 40 | 40 | — | — | — | 40 |
77,583 | 78,886 | 69,215 | 3,149 | 5,367 | 1,155 |
Average rate | Closing rate | |||
2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |
US dollar | 1.28 | 1.24 | 1.25 | 1.27 |
Euro | 1.18 | 1.15 | 1.21 | 1.15 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Fixed rate financial liabilities | 40 | 40 |
Floating rate financial liabilities | — | — |
40 | 40 |
2024 | 2023 | |
In more than five years | 40 | 40 |
40 | 40 |
Notes | 2024 | 2023 | |
Total borrowings including lease liabilities | 20 | (24,649) | (11,957) |
Total cash and cash equivalents | 17 | 149,983 | 146,372 |
Group net cash | 125,334 | 134,415 | |
| Reconciliation of changes in assets and liabilities arising | |||
| from financing activities | |||
Repayment of lease liabilities | 4,217 | 3,699 | |
Increase in lease liabilities | (16,924) | (7,069) | |
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations | 15 | 249 | |
Changes in financial liabilities arising from financing activities | (12,692) | (3,121) | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 3,611 | 31,602 | |
Net (decrease)/increase in net cash | (9,081) | 28,481 | |
Net cash at start of year | 134,415 | 105,934 | |
Net cash at end of year | 125,334 | 134,415 |
| Carrying | Carrying | |||
| amount | Fair value | amount | Fair value | |
| 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | 2023 | |
| Loans and receivables | ||||
Trade receivables | 149,479 | 149,479 | 152,842 | 152,842 |
| Financial assets | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 149,983 | 149,983 | 146,372 | 146,372 |
| Designated cash flow hedges | ||||
| Foreign exchange contracts: | ||||
– Financial assets | 1,049 | 1,049 | 879 | 879 |
– Financial liabilities | (446) | (446) | (553) | (553) |
| Financial liabilities at amortised cost | ||||
Trade and other payables and accrued expenses | (77,311) | (77,311) | (65,073) | (65,073) |
Preference shares | (40) | (40) | (40) | (40) |
Lease liabilities | (24,609) | (24,609) | (11,917) | (11,917) |
198,105 | 198,105 | 222,510 | 222,510 |
| Land and | Plant and | ||
| buildings | equipment | Total | |
Balance at 1 January | 9,230 | 2,216 | 11,446 |
Depreciation charge for the year | (3,717) | (1,186) | (4,903) |
Additions to right-of-use assets | 15,425 | 1,499 | 16,924 |
Right-of-use assets disposed of | — | (4) | (4) |
Foreign exchange differences | (120) | 434 | 314 |
Balance at 31 December | 20,818 | 2,959 | 23,777 |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Maturity analysis – contractual undiscounted cash flows | ||
Less than one year | 5,212 | 3,604 |
One to five years | 11,459 | 8,501 |
More than 5 years | 12,124 | 1,115 |
Total undiscounted lease liability at 31 December | 28,795 | 13,220 |
Interest cost associated with future periods | (4,186) | (1,303) |
Lease liabilities included in Consolidated balance sheet at 31 December | 24,609 | 11,917 |
Current | 4,329 | 3,131 |
Non-current | 20,280 | 8,786 |
2024 | 2023 | |
| Leases under IFRS 16 | ||
Interest on lease liabilities | 761 | 495 |
Expenses relating to short-term leases and leases of low-value assets | 2,228 | 2,485 |
Depreciation of right-of-use assets | 4,902 | 4,148 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Total cash outflow for leases | 6,455 | 6,184 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Contracted | 1,019 | 933 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Performance guarantees and indemnities | 6,509 | 8,194 |
2024 | 2023 | |
Emoluments including social security costs | 8,234 | 6,713 |
Pension contributions | 272 | 261 |
Share-based payments | 1,363 | 1,628 |
9,869 | 8,602 |